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About Lincoln County leader. (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987 | View Entire Issue (May 31, 1912)
I. I ..M II "T I. . k V ' 1 1 i " 'I Uui anoHBJ0ija)3p ou 3u.uoqs bj subsivib jaqjo pan minis J3AUB OfBABM q) JO SJOAi q 'DBlpai UBDijaniy eq jo bjjbj3 pas sub eqj jo iusin 'act those who are In a position to ludge state that some of the modern izamples of native silversmlthing on :he Navajo reservation are superior In jvery way to the best examples of ear ner work of the redsklnned crafts nen of the forge. At the fourth annual fair of Navajo Indians, which was held recently, there was a dazzling display of this tatlve silverware, showing the native irtists at their best. Probably ?5,000 worth of Navajo Jewelry was on ex nibjtion, most of It being made up in purely native designs. The prize col lection was the work of Chlschll-le (Curly Hair), a silversmith who lives near the trading post of Two Gray Hills, fifty miles south of Shlprock, N. M. Chis-chll-le is a middle-aged Indian, who has been a silversmith alnce his youth. In fact his is a fam ily of silversmiths, the trade being banded down from father to son, much is trades are handed down In some European communities. Chls-chll-le, like other, Navajo sil versmiths, useB only the crudest im plements in making his silverware. His forge is a square of stones and tdobe, the center having a round de pression for a fireplace. The smoke is carried off and a draft created by two wooden tubes, covered with adobe to keep from burning, walled to the rear f the forge. His bellows is made of iheepskln, and his anvil is a hard tone or a piece of iron. Any silver- imlth who can get a piece of railroad Iron Is looked upon with envy by his !ellow-craft8tnen who must use forges jf cruder material. The crucibles for melting silver are of hard clay, and re generally about the size of turn tiers, with round bottoms, and with :urved rims provided with spouts for pouring off the molten metal. The molds which are used by the native silversmiths are generally cut out of hard sandstone, and are greased with mutton tallow. Charcoal Is used tor fuel, the Indians being very clever t making It from Juniper logs. Gen rally the smith's blowpipe is a piece Df hollow brass tubing. For polishing he uses sandstone1 and ashes, and for Phasing and engraving unique designs on the silverware he uses nothing more than pocketknlves, awls and mall files. With such Implements the Navajo silversmith has been working for the last sixty years, there being no record of silversmlthing in the tribe previous to that date. The Indians do not care for more elaborate Implements but cling to the tools with which they have been familiar for years. The effects they secure with these crude Imple ment! are nothing short of amazing. "Railways" and "Railroads." We are all speaking of "railways" now instead of "railroads.' as they do in America. Both words seem to be nf about equal age In this country. Cobbett, In 1832, wrote of "rail-ways" with the hyphen.' Scott, In 1831. of "railroads." But already in 1838 an engineering Journal declared that "rail way" by this time seemed to be gen erally adopted as the popular form, though nearly 20 years later Ruskln Hill talked of "railroads." It Is curt ous that America has preserved the word which recalls the descent of the railway from the old road, while Americans speak of "engineers" and conductors," where we say "drivers" and "guards,"' perpetuating the old coaching words. London Chronicle. Parisians Evidently Honest. An astute rogue who hoped to make his fortune by speculating on the petty dishonesty sometimes latent In otherwise respectable people has had an unprofitable experience In Paris. The swindler haunted the streets In the neighborhood of the opera, which swarm with work-girls durlna tne the chasing on some of the Navajo sil verware being equal to the better grade of work turned out of high grade Jewelry establishments. There is no reason to believe that the Navajos learned silversmlthing from the early Spaniards, as many people believe. The Spanish explorers were inveterate keepers of diaries and other records. Nothing escaped their observation, and if they had found silversmiths among the Navajo tribe at that time even more warlike than the Apache there Is every reason to believe that some record would have been made of the fact. It is likely that the craft was learned from the Mexicans at a later era, and it has continued to grow in importance until it rivals the blanket-making industry for which the tribe has become world famous. While the blanket weaving is strict ly a woman's occupation among the Navajo people, silversmlthing is kept as strictly among the men. A woman silversmith has never been heard of among the Navajos, nor is there any record of a male rug weaver, though among the Hopls and other southwest ern tribes, the men do most of the weaving. The Navajo silversmiths do not use Bllver bullion for their work. They HAD HIGH OPINION OF TURKS Gen. Miles In Eulogy of the Fighting Force Put In the Field by Sultan's Empire. During the spring of 1897 the war between Turkey and Greece broke out and Gen. Nelson A. Miles was ordered to Europe to observe .the military op erations. His opinion of the Turkish army he gives in his book, "Serving the Republic:" "The Turkish army, which we hear less about than any other, is a well organized, disciplined army, numbering at that time 700,000 effective men. It Is trained to look upon the sultan as the spiritual head of their religion on earth. This has the effect on the mind of the Turk of Inspiring the belief that in serving his sultan he Is serving his God. There Is certainly one advantage In their re ligion. In that It maintains absolute so briety. The use of liquor is abhorrent to the Mohammedan, and results In their army being an absolutely tem perate organization. The personnel of their army Is made up of strong men. and their military establishment la conducted with great economy. "I bad an audience with the sultan and was cordially received by the high officials of the Turkish army. The manner of his assuming sovereign power,' the fact of his keeping his el der brother a prisoner In a palace Just above Constantinople on the Bosporus luncheon hour, and dropped here and there envelopes bearing an Orleans address. In each envelope was a note asking a "friend" to redeem for (4.6V at an address be gave a gold purse value $53. Instead of the expected haul the swindler found .to his disgust that almost all the letters were sent on to him by the finders, while none bad attempted to obtain the purse. Big Saving on 8tste Building. In the erection of the building for the state educational department at Albany, N. Y, a saving of more than $500,000 was effected by the use of terra cotta without In the least sacri ficing the appearance of the structure. The greatest Item was In the capitals for the columns surrounding the build ing. There are twenty-eight of these, and the "caps" are about twelve feet high. It was at first Intended that these should be carved out of marble to match the remainder of the facade, but It was discovered that the substi tution could be made without being ap parent, and so the terra cotta was adouted. prefer silver coins, for the reason that the minted silver has the right pro portion of alloy to make enduring or naments. Mexican dollars, which com mand only their bullion value, are generally used, these are melted and run Into the various molds, and, after a laborious process of polishing and chasing, come out as -finished or naments. The art of the Navajo silversmith Is nowhere- shown to better advantage than in the manufacture of the silver necklaces which are worn by men and women and which form the most elab orate and costly pieces of Navajo Jew elry. These necklaces consist of beads of silver, ranging from the size of a pea to globules an inch in diameter. The larger beads are finished with pendant-like projections, cleverly graduated as to size. The larger beada with these pendants, bang on th breast, and generally a very striking effect Is secured by alternating thf beads with turquoise or bits of coraL The cost of such a necklace variei according to the workmanship repre sented in the beads and the value o the coral or turquoise that is used tc set off the silver. Most of the articles made by thf Navajo silversmith are sold to mem bers of the tribe, for probably n other people In the world have such t fondness for Jewelry, especially a. massive design. The Navajo likes plen ty of precious metal in his jewelry The wire bracelets and rings are al' right for the Americans who straj across the reservation, but the Navajr wears five or six heavy silver rings, with turquoise settings, a bracelet oi two, sometimes four or five lnchef in width and correspondingly heavy a belt of huge silver discs about hli waist, a massive silver necklace oi his breast, elaborate silver mounting! on his bridle, Jacket buttons made oi dimes, and huge turquoise earrlngi dangling from the lobes of his ears These, with the Inevitable Navajc blanket, about his shoulders, go r long way toward making the NavaJ a strikingly picturesque figure. A Hint Staylate (at 11:30 p. m.) If ther is anything I dislike it's catching trains. Miss Keen I notice you keep put ting it off. A Preference. "Don't you believe in the open dwn at all times?" "I must say, I prefer It In the sum mer time." ' u-yuMWVWVVVVWMynrvviiiii"''" for over twenty years, had prejudiced me somewhat before meeting him. On selng him I found a man of small sta ture, keen, sharp face, cold, black, cruel eyes, black hair and full beard. In conversation I found him thorough ly familiar with military affairs and deeply Interested In the condition of his army. "Great reverses occur In political a well as in other walks of life, and it 1 somewhat remarkable that, after thir ty years, the man then occupying such an autocratic position Is now a prison er practically In the same condition as his brother was at the time, and hit brother enjoys the liberty and author ity which he bad been deprived of for so many years." Aerial P6stal Service. The latest country to try an aerlai postal service Is Italy. The Italian aeronaut Dal Mlstro recently carried a sack of mail between the Bologna and Venice postofflces In a Deper dussin monoplane, covering the dls tance of 101 miles In one hour and 'in minutes. Chance Not to Be Neglected. Huh My new partner is never sat isfied. He wants everything he sees. Wife You must hurry ' and intro duce our daughter to him. The Irony ef 8treet Cars. "There are queer people In this New York city of yours," said a vlsl tor. "The other evening I was on a Broadway car and near the front door sat a young man. It was chilly and wet, and. the young .man was not com fortable, it was plain. He became more uncomfortable every minute some one went out the front door, for It was always left open. Each time he got up and slammed the door and became more peevish. "He had done this a dozen times or more when he found a seat In the mid dle of the car. Then to his astonish ment every person who went out that front door carefully closed it after him. There was no reason to be lieve that there was a general con spiracy against the young man, yet I am sure that he could not understand 1L" Brief. "He made a great hit with Us aftw dinner speech." "What did he say V ' "Excuse me.'" POULTRY KEEPING PROFITABLE. Prof. Dryden of O. A. C. Advises Farm ers to Increase Flocks. Oreeon Agricultural Pnllnp-a fnr. vallis. "Th pro Yl a a, Knnn a n annrmAiio v. - v mv WVU 114 . w uiu u u increase in the production of eggs and poultry m the state in the past two years, but in spite of this the demand has far exceeded thn are still as high as ever," said Pro- iessor james Dryden of the Oregon Agricultural Cnllpen In rl object of the present tour of the poul try aemonstration car sent out over the Southern Pacific lines by the col lege. "If t.hfl 'farmnra nf Arnnmn ltrnnlil - " V'. I. VJ IIU keep, on an average, 100 hens instead oi aDout ou, it would shut out the im ports and add $4,000,000 or $5,000,000 a year to the wealth of the state. "The purpose of the demonstration car is to stimulate a greater production of poultry and eggs. The quickest and best way is to increase the flocks of the farmers rather than to have poul try keepers start large egg farms. The demand cannot be met by the estab lishment of large, exclusively poultry farms. If the general farmer goes out of the egg producing business there will soon be an eee famine nnRsihiv n serious financial panic. Though there are onnortnnlHeu for profit alone snenial linpa In nnnltrs. keening, the market fnr limited, and it would be folly to advise everyone to go into special lines. 1 am free to confess that we have kept more people out of the nnnltrv hiisi. ness than have gone Into it as an ex clusive business. I have received great numbers of letters during the past year from all nnrta nf thn atatt as well as from other states, In which me writers stated that they were go ing Into the poultry business on a large scale, and a large matnritv nf thorn said they knew nothing of the busi ness, uur piain auty was to advise caution. If every one of them had gone into the business na thpv ed and invested their all in it, it is sate to say that there would have been thousands of dollars lost in every coun ty of the state, and the poultry busi ness would have received a black eye. "Poultry keeping is not a difficult business unless we nmka It- sn it conducted along sane, common-sense lines, mere is pront in it. The two points on which special emphasis is laid in the demonstratinn oar ara food. ing for eggs and housing. Egg rations are on mspiay, ieeaing cnarts show re sults of experiments, breeding charts show results of breeding for eggs, dif ferent grade3 and qualities of eigs are exhibited, marketing possibilities are iMjmousiraiea, ana tne equipment for successful hatchlne and hrnnrtlne' nf chicks Is displayed. The walls of the car are coverea witn signs and charts containing lessons in practical poul try Keeping. A 'knock down' colony house Is taken along and set up out- sme tne car at eacn stop. "While chickens mav he maflp tn do well in different houses, it mnv ho said in favor of the colony system and iree range mat mere is no noted poul try district in the United States where poultry-keeping has been permanently Successful. Where th r'nnv hnnan system was not followed. The colony house, moreover, was the nmiGo neon at the Oregon Experiment Station last year ior ine nens mat made the high est egg records ever made in the Unit ed States SO far as Offtnlal or nnthontln record Is concerned. The demonstra tors on tne car explain how those hens were housed and cared for, and answer any questions as to their fpedlna- nnd treatment." DRY FARMING ALFALFA. Prof. Scudder Sees Big Possibilities In Alfalfa Seed. Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis. The growing of alfalfa on the dry farming lands of Oregon In culti vated rows for the production of seed has been the sneclal drv fsirmin? hni. by of Prof. H. D. Scudder of the Ore gon Agricultural uouege.- He has ad vocated this plan widely through East ern Oregon for the past five years, and is beginning to see practical results on a large scale. A prominent wheat farmer at Arlington has planned to put in ICO acres of alfalfa on his dry land, and has asked the agronomy de partment of the college for special in struction and for the best seed. An other man, one of the largest wheat farmers In Gilliam county, is to put in 1,000 acres of alfalfa this spring. The great number of letters coming to Prof. Scudder from all parts of Eastern and Central Oregon on this subject indi cates the first ETAAt nhjin trek 'fat a i - 0w wa VUV better in dry farming agriculture there. FARMERS TRY NEW CROPS. Agronomy Department, O. A. C, Exam ines Ranches and Advises. Oregon Agricultural College, Cor vallis. Dry farming lands throughout Eastern Oregon are now taking up special tillage methods and trying new crops suggested by Prof. H. V. Scudder and the other authorities of the O. A. C. Experiment Station. A recent trip he made showed, on five large ranches, 10 to 40 acres each of corn, field peas and alfalfa seeded on each ranch, the corn being the Minnesota No. 23 de veloped at the experiment station. Im iDortant chance a are hplns- moHn in the method of growing the regular wheat cron. and the rnnrhen will not t.ha ov. ample of progressive methods to their neisnuors. a uiinam county rarmer recently came to the college to consult with the authorities, and has decided In consequence to put 1,000 acres ot his wheat land Into alfalfa, though the experts advised an initial undertaking of a smaller plot. no uimcuity. v Seorge W. Wilson was rehearslni with Edwin Booth at the Boston nun seum. Wilson, In one scene, asked the star where he should stand, "Where do you usually stand?" asked Booth. "Mr. Barrett had me over there," answered .Wilson. "Yes," mused Barrett, "I usually hare him there" Indicating the other side of the stage. "Suit yourself IT1 find you wherever you are," said Booth. Household Remedy Taken in the Spring for Years. Ralph Rust. Willis, Mich., writes: "Hood's Sarsaparllla has been a house hold remedy in our home as long as I can remember. I have taken it in the spring for several years. It has no equal for cleansing the blood and ex pelling the humors that accumulate during the winter. Being a farmer and exposed to bad weather, my sys tem is often affected, and I often take Hood's Sarsaparllla with good results." Hood's Sarsaparllla is Peculiar to Itself. There Is no "just as good." Get It today in usual liquid form or tablets called Sarsatabs. l:' Raft of Cocoanuts. In the Philippine islands one fra Quently sees a raft of cocoanuts be. ing floated down the river to market ine buoyant nuts are closely packed into a circle, braced across with bam. boos, and tied with fiber; and the queer craft, with its native paddler, Is then ready for the trip down stream to a point where the raft will b broken up and the cocoanuts sold.- Wide World Not Good Testimony. Patient (feebly) "Doctor, my wift says that you have charged too much for operating on me." The Doctor "But, my dear sir, you don't mean to tell me that you would take your wife's opinion as to your value?" Life. RED mm I EYES Demure, tui uscermlned. A bride looks so modest and !miir t a wedding that It U hard to sus pect, her of having bossed the affair vlth an iron hnnH Athf.son Globo. uoes to tne Uut. Marks "Does your wife play by ear?" Parks "Yes, but not by my ear if I can help it" Boston Tran script When Your Eyes Need Care Try Murino Fja Remetf No Smarting Feels Fine Acta Quickly. Trj It for Red, Weak, Watery Eyea and Granu lated Eyelids. Illustrated Book in each Puck ftge. Murine is compounded by our Oculists not a "Patent Medicine" but nsed in suc cessful Physicians' Practice (or many years Now dedicated to the public and sold bj Druggists atr 25c and SOc per Bottle. Murlm Eye Salve In Aseptlo Tubes, 26o and GOo Murine Eye Remedy Co., Chicago Woman of Many Names. The public examination was con eluded at the London (Eng.) bank ruptcy court recently, of a woman who was sworn as Alice Mabel Fran ces Emily Paola Blanca Mary Cath. erlne Stewart, which, she said, wai her full name. FREE ADVICE JO SICK WOMEN Thousands Have Been Helped By Common Sense Suggestions. Women suffering from any form of f male' ills are invited to communicate promptly with the woman's private corre spondence department of the Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co., Lynn, Mass. Your letter will be opened, read and answered by a woman and held in strict confidence. A woman can freely talk of her private illness to a woman; thus has been established a confidential corre spondence which has extended ovei many years and which has never been broken. Never have they published a testimonial or used a letter without the written consent of the writer, and never has the Company allowed these confident tial letters to get out of their possession, as the hundreds of thousands of them in their files will attest Out pf the vast volume of experience which they have to draw from, it is mora than possible that they possess the very knowledge needed In your case. , Noth ing is asked in return except your good will, and their advice has helped thou- sumo, oureiy any woman, ncn or poor, should be clad to take advantage of this generous offer of assistance. Ad dress Lydia E. Pink ham Medicine Co., (confidential) Lynn, Mass. Every woman ought to have. Lydia E. Plnkham's 80-page Text Book. It is not a book for general distribution, aa it Is too expensive. It Is free and only obtainable by mail. Write foi It today.