Lincoln County leader. (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, May 01, 1903, Image 2

Historic Oregon Newspapers

Lincoln County leader., May 01, 1903, Image 2

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About Lincoln County leader. (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987 | View Entire Issue (May 1, 1903)

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Newspaper Page Text- -- f.-jjsAA&.u.t..M. 1 being the (smallest domain of the fire, JMt. v ''' ' X The Cherokees are the largest nation, ti ! T !4-.... l o DaahIa ? and prior to the removal to their pres- t HIP, inn ail lerrilDl YdllU ILMtUUlC X ent.bodedweltInSorthC.rolln.and - - - -r aniacenr. states. ne Eoveruuieui uai long been negotiating with these In dians, and in the year 1835 succeeded In having a treaty ratified by the tribe according to which they were to cede all claims to land east of the Missis sippi and accept 7,000,000 acres of land west of this river. There are now about 30,000 Cherokee Indians and 4.000 Cherokee "freedmen" living in that nation who are all mem bers of the tribe. The Cherokees do more farming than THE Indinn Territory was reserv ed for the red men more than seventy years ago. Reservations were nothing new in those days; the "man of nature" was still numer ous, and the administration sought to keep them in colonies on reservations, to be able to better control them. Again and again the original hunting grounds of the Indian were reduced in size, and the tribes forced to abandon their homes and settle anew. And why? Because thousands of immigrants wanted room for homesteads, the strides of industry and civilization were great and fast, and the redskins, opposed to all this, favored disturb ances and absolute freedom. So the government was confronted with the vexed question of making some final and amicable settlement, or treaty, with some of the larger tribes of Indians which lived in the southern part of the Union. Virginia. North Carolina. Alabama, Mississippi all sought to open the Indian's land to the plow of the farmer, the ax of the tim ber cutter, or the spade of the miner. Congress began legislation on the matter of removing the Indian from thte SUtcs to the V.'cst, and present ed articles of treaty to the different tribes, which in time and turn were ratified by the chiefs and councils of the tribes. The topography of the Indian Terrl- Indian have hitherto been but slight. The "whites" from the adjoining States, however, have aspired to own some of these fertile fields; but seeing that their aspirations were futile, they leased land at a ridiculously low fig ure. This practice had been a regular custom for more than twenty years, when the government finally took charge of this matter and made up a schedule of stipulated rental-fees per acre. The government now draws up the lease contracts and sees to It that the Indian receives due remuneration for the use of his lands. All this may lead the reader to ask: "Who are the inhabitants of the In dian Territory?" The owners In com mon are a heterogeneous mass of hu manityIndians, negroes and "whites," aggregating about 85,000 souls. An additional 400,000 make their homes within the limits of the Territory, without a title to the land upon which they live and Without a voice In the government by which they are con trolled. For the administration of public affairs no uniform system of government and no code of laws now exists. The owners, as has been said, nra Jndlnnq, "whites," nnd negroes. The latter were slaves of the different bands prior to the war. and after being liberated through acts of the Indian councils, they were adopted by the re spective tribes as members of the 1 V win liumtij wmm r1 V -4 -, i fmrnrnm mm rf . -r-.r-.-ut-.;:.-. warn OPENING OF OFFICE FOR SELECTION OF ALLOTMENTS AT MUSKOGEE. tory is of such a nature that It ac- bands, and now share In their lands commodates all the desires and cus- and annuities, being called "freed toms of the different tribes. Those who men." ' favor tilling of the soil find an abund-1 The 400i000 non.cltlzen8 also embrace ant amount of lund suited to this pur- IndIan8 by blood who through Bome rv- uo anI tliA ImnfnK niuuf nrwf wanlASt' . . far In order to replenish his gamebag. Though the buffalo has been exter minated, there is no want of other large or small game. The black bear still prowls about the dense forests, while the catamount a kind of moun tain lion lies In readiness upon the limbs of trees to leap upon his prey. Deer are so plentiful that even the "would-be hunter" can readily procure a doe, If not the male with Its majestic antlers. Turkeys, prairie chickens, and quails are so numerous that they are easily caught in coop-traps. They are generally sold alive to the white popu lation "for a song." All classes of the finny family abound everywhere. Portions of the Territory are very mountainous and afford no opportunity for farming. The eastern portion con tains part of the Hoston Mountains, while the southeastern and southern sections also have very extensive inouutaln ranges. The mountains are rich In different ores, such as Iron, Elno, copper, platinum, etc. The only asphalt mines to be found in the Uni ted States .re In the Indian Territory. A number of syndicates have persist ently endeavored to gain control of them, but the government has "set Its foot down" on all propositions and shows no favor to capital. These mines are operated by private companies un der the control of the government Coal, a semi-anthracite variety. It mined In great abundance. The timber is semi-tropical and of many varieties. The wooded regions. primarily the flint districts, are inhab ited by many poisonous Insects and amphibious animals. Rattlesnakes are so numerous that the Indians pay lit lie or no attention to them. About fifty species of lizards are represented In the Territory, ranging In size from one to ten luches, some having venom ous teem. M-orpious cause very se rious wounds, although their sting Is senioin fatal. Tarantulas nd centl pedes attain an enormous size: sneel- mens of the centipede have been found which were ten Inches long, each ver tebral division being as large as a hu man finger nail. The crops comprise mainly wheat and cotton. Although nearly all kinds of grain and vegetable product, are cultivated, cotton Is king In the Terrl tory. Wherever orchard have been planted, they have exhibited a wonder ful endurance and have yielded enor mous crops. Apples, pears, peaches. apricots and all varieties of berries are stupendously productive. Tuo agricultural lucllnatloni of tht cause have forfeited their rights. They may have defaulted in their citizenship by not moving to the Indian Territory when the treaty was ratified by the tribe, or by removing after once having established a home therein, or by re moving too late to the abode of their fellow red men. The remainder of the 400,000 people are "whites" and ne groes, who are squatting on lands with out a title. All houses and places of business were erected on lands and lots, the owner thereof having no title whatever to the estate save his good faith that he might at some future time bo able to secure the land from the a creek Indian's bome. March, April, Ma any of the other five civilized tribes. Even before the first treaty was made UiLU lUCUI. Ill llOO, liicT lutui.uu.j II" their patch of Indian corn near their hut, the squaw doing the labor In those days. Now they also raise cotton. Most of the work, however, is done by the African descendants, their labor In many sections of the nation being as cheap as the wind. When Congress created tjje Dawes Commission, it instructed the same to make rolls of the members of the Five Tribes. In order to accomplish this, It was necessary to take a census of each of said tribes. When the rolls are com pleted they will contain names of full- blood Indians, negMes, and white men. with every intervening degree of blood. Some Indians entitled to enrollment have but one sixty-fourth degree of Indian blood and show no resemblance whatever to the red man. In compil ing these rolls, the commission was guided to an extent by the old tribal rolls. Great difficulties confronted it. however. In the change of names among the members of all tribes.- The commission has its headquarters in the town of Muskogee In the Creek nation7. When the making of the rolls began, the great majority of the In dians, opposed to enrollment, would not come to the commission. So It de cided to go to them. The hotel accom modations In the Interior being Inade quate the commission purchased the necessary equipment for Its mainte nance In the field. Then it advertised a schedule of Its appointments In the various towns and villages. By com ing to the Indians In this way. It conid Invariably secure the enrollment of the mtf Y ' ne flt'zcDH of each tribe. Tbj)cecd Just and fairly In the al lotment of land In severalty, the gov ernment ordered an appraisement of all lands In thtIndlan Territory, so that each citizen would receive an equal nmount of dollars worth of land. In view of appraising the land, the commission organized and equipped many field parties. Each party Is com posed of six appraisers, one clerk, two Common cider vinegar Is, said to be an antidote to carbolic acid poisoning. A flannel cloth wrung out of salt wa ter is an excellent remedy for simple sore throat. Salt and water Is one of the best of remedies for sore eyes, and If applied In time will scatter the Inflammation. An effective remedy for a bone felon Is an ounce of asafetida steeped in a pint of hot vinegar, the finger to be dipped in It frequently. For vitriol burns cover the parts burned with a soft, thick paste of cal cined magnesia and water. This re lieves the pain very quickly, and there Is, seldom a scar left after this treat ment. In an emergency to make a compress for a wound. If nothing better Is at hiir.d, clean tissue paper makes an ex cellent application. It is much to be preferred to a strip torn from clothing or a soiled handkerchief, which may be the only other choice. To assuage thirst and cure feverish- ness apple tea is a notable sick drink. It Is made by slicing up raw apples Into a jug, filling up the Jug with boiling water, as in teamakmg, then sweeten ing to taste. When cold, this apple tea will be found pleasantly tart and re freshing. HIS CLEVER NEPHEW. There is a best time for w ""j ""'o i time wne. fting can be done to the W.' vantage, most easily and most I fectively. Now is the best ti3 ior puruymg your Dlood. WU Because your system ia now trvd to purify it you know this by t? pimples and other eruptions tu have come on your, face and bodjl Hood s Sarsaparilll ' and Pills Are the medicines to take they i the work thoroughly and agreeab: una never iau to ao it. TT V.n nuuuo oio mu meuaemes yof nave aiways ueuru recommended, 'I cannot recommend Rood's Sanapu" too highly as a spring- medicine. WhetJ take it In the spring- we all feel betterthretJ the summer." Mrs. S. H. Nul, McCrayi ft Hood's Sarsaparllla promises cure and keeps the promise. On Riverside Drive. bhe Myl Look at the carriirf joing down the bridle path! 1 HeWhy shouldn't they it'll (redding party. Columbia Jeater. You an Man Who Was Bet Up in Baal neia Three Times. A certain member of the Stock Ex change has set his nephew up In busi ness three times, but the young man lacks something essential to success In the line selected for him, and has fail ed with each effort. Recently, when he came with the fourth request for financial assistance, the uncle de murred: "You must learn to lean on yourself,' he said. "I can't carry you all your life. It would be an unklndness In me to keep supplying you with money to car ry on enterprises that Invariably end In assignments. I'll tell you what I'll do. You owe a great deal as the result of that last failure. Pitch in on your own hook nnd go It alone till you can pay off those debts. Vhen you've done that I'll give you a check for all they amount to. Such an experience will , do you more good than all the money I could give you now." Two months later the nephew walked: In with every claim receipted In full, ; nnd the uncle was so delighted that he gave the promised check. "Now, that's something like It," he said, "and I'll wager you feel the better for the hard training. How did you manage It, Dick 7" "Borrowed the money." Now the old gentleman Is telling them that there Is the making of a great financier In that nephew. New Times. ABSOLUTE SECURITY Genuine Carter's Little Liver Kffi (Must Bear Signature of fee Facsimile Wrapper Below. A HUNCH OF CATTLE IN THE CHEEK NATION. "u "I'""" cienr hup. hum teamsters, and one cook. Two of these towns of B.OiH) Inhabitants have sprung appraisers are surveyors, ana act In a ui" '" iuwus uinr uu iiiuuii-i- iiounie capacity. Each party, while pal government, no municipal water living In one camp, operates 'in two ""Pl'ij. inline or nre protection, imier division, with three annralsera In Is maintained by United States mar shals and courts only. The entire landed estate embrace over lO.OOO.WK) acres, a territory nearly equal In extent to the State of Indiana. Five trlles are the sole owner and heirs. For three score years they have been termed The Five Civilized Tribes." because they have long since given up their wild and savage ways nnd have adopted the white man's cus toms and habits. The northeastern part of the Terri tory l occupied by the Cherokee tribe of Indians; the northwestern portion by the Creeks or Muskogee Indians. The Choctaws will Inherit the south eastern division, while the Chlckaaawi claim the land directly west of the Choctaw's claim. The central western portion Is the SemlnoU Indians' claim, each, one of them a surveyor, The Choctaw and Chlckasaws will receive approximately 000 acres per capita, the Cherokees 120, and the Creeks and Semlnoles 100, The United States- laws prohibit the sale of firearms and Intoxicating llq uor within the limits of the Territory, ThI law Is enforced very rlgldlv. It may be of Interest to add that the government has already allotted lands to seven small tribes In the northeast ern part or the Cherokee nation. They are the Quapaw. Teorlas, Ottswaa, Modocs, Shawnees. Wyandottes and Senecfls. When the Dawes Commis sion will have finished Its labors the tnnai government of five lane tribe. of Indians will only be a memory of past nisiory .-k. a. J. Mangelsdorf, In me iiiuitratea Home Journal. Tttfy snail and as easy to take as smgaxw FOB HEADACHE FOR DIIZINESS FOR BILIOUSREtt. FOR TORPID LIVER FOR CONSTIPATiOI. FOR SALLOW SHI. F0RTHEC0MPLEX1K a mu i oantmni mut mot wutviii ; Can I Pnrelr TetttUe.?0W?fH CARTER'S OlTTLE. jflVER Jpiu.$. CURE SICK HEADACHE.. JOHN POOLE, PORTLAND, 0W. Foot of Morrison Street. Can give you the best bargains In Bow and Engines, Windmills. Pumps and Gewi ri aiacuiuery.. n ooa cawing aiacuina specialty. See us before buying. York NATURAL HISTORY. 'V i 1 "Now, tell me, -why Is that hyphen placed In chlcken-coop?" "Please, sir, fer the chicken to roost on." Hawk as a Surgeon. A strange tale is told of a hawk at the menagerie In Central Tark. New York. Two birds live In the same cage, and some time back one of them de veloped a tumor In the leg. The other bird thereupon attacked the tumor with Its claws and succeeded In lan cing It World's Supply or Gold. It Is anticipated that the world's sup ply of gold will be doubled in the next ten years. It's easy to believe one who speaks derogatorlly of others or In praise of ourselves. UIIUIIIl. UIIHUU attention of ev7 Uoritlnft Vnua Farmer and Deal- iwiivwi n 1 1 m ii ii These two laaHars arA wnftd a Af xr R mm TIM DT II Y d raM 18 wonder,uTim nnaetlnll in quality. Write for i niHoim w.. prIce-a uj samples oe livered in your town. G. S. MANN, the SEEDMAN, io r-roni St., Portland, Oregon Will ..t ..n pies and prices ot my great specialties ' TUB ure Alcohol. I opium, Tobacco Using 1 Pint and Montgomery SU PORTLAND, OK AMERICAN CREAM SEPARATORS Are sold subject to proval and at a p" that will enable T to make a good on a few cows. T' cleanest, fairest n chine In all the voi' Strongest In ALL these points thai. other, vis: Close Skimming. Easy Clean X Ught Running. Durability. Write for free catalogue. MITCHELL, LEWIS I STIVER U PORTLAND. Ore. SPOKANE, Wash. BOISB. Id Won Medal, Paris, 1900.