Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Madras pioneer. (Madras, Crook County, Or.) 1904-current | View Entire Issue (May 25, 1911)
t ; ; ; I Milo Maize, New Crop for Semi-Arid Lands; I Extracts from U. S. Government Bulletin J The growth of Milo maize is attracting the attention of pro gressive farmers in the semi- arid districts at present. A bulletin, No. 322, entitled "Milo as a Dry Land Grain Crop," com piled by Carlton R. Ball, has been issued by the U. S. departmen of agriculture, from which the following extracts are taken: Milo is at present the most successful summer grain crop for the southern half of the Plains region. It is an earlier and more drought-resistant crop . than corn and makes a satisfac tory feeding substitute. The highest average yields of corn under the same conditions have been ten bushels to the acre less than those of milo. The yields of blackhuli kafir have been five bushels less to the acre Milo is now a staple crop in a large part of western Texas and in the adjacent portions of New Mexico, Colorado, Kansas, and Oklahoma. This section lies at elevations of 1,500 to 4.000 feet above sea level and has a vary ing annual rainfall of 17 to 25 inches. Milo is well adapted to the whole southern half of the plains region lying below an ele vation of about 4,500. Soils The soil requirements for milo are about the same as those for corn. Well-worked sandly loams or clay are best. Light sands and heavy clays are much less desirable. The roots penetrate to depths of 3 to 4 feet in ordinary friable soils. Fair yields result on rather dw lands; better 5 Vs in good aaikii hx the semi arli country much depends, how ever, on the way the soil is handled to conserve moisture. Early and deep plowing to catch and hold the rainfall when it comes, with surface cultivation to keep down weeds and prevent evaporation, are the two principal lines of treatment possible. Preparing The Seed Bed rail plowing is preferable to spring plowing where it can be done, because it increases the water-absorbing power of the soil. Deep plowing is better than shallow plowing for the same reason and because it en courages deeper rooting. Har rowing should be through before sowing to mellow the soil for the seed bed and to destroy any weeds that may be started. In Ci eased labor in preparing a field before sowing is almost al ways well repaid by an increased yield of the erop from about April 13 in southern Texas and the lower Southwest to about May 25 on the higher plains of northwest Texas, and to about June 1 to 15 in Nebraska and South Dakota. Because of its earlier maturity, milo can be planted later than the varieties of kaffir wherever they are safe crops. Milo should not be sown until all dantrer of spring frost is past and the soil has become warm. Alethods of Planting Milo may be either listed or surface planted, as the experi ence in any particular locality has shown to be the best for crops of this class. Listing is a common practice in much of the Hlains region where milo is now, or is likely to become, a staple crop. Certain advantages are secured from listing. The young plants are protected frorr the strong winds of spring and from the cutting aceion of sand carried by such winds, which sometimes cuts the stems of the surface grown crops entirely off. The root system of listed crops are also said to lie deeper, because of the deeper sowincr. but this fact is doubtful, owing to the the later growth of surface roots. On the other hand, listing tends to make the crop ripen later be cause the young nlants at the bottom of the furrow grow more slowly than those planted at the surface. In wet season the lister furrow fills with water and the young plants may be either washed out or covered up with saud rrmd Surface sowing is the rule in a arge part of the milo country and will increase in importance I 1 1 ' f a a as a metnoci oi sowing even in sections where listing is now generally practiced, since better methods of conserving soil mois ture is understood. Whether listed or surface sown the'most common way of sowing milo is by means of special sor ghum plates used in corn planter or lister planter. Rate of Planting known, each farmer should test for himself two or three differ ent rates of seeding. Four pounds, six pounds and eight pounds of seed to the acre are suggested for such trials. Where the plate on the planter can be set to run at dif ferent rates to the acre the proper speed to use for each de sired rate can be ascertained by testing the planter on a floor, or a smooth hard piece of ground. The distance at which the seed are dropped can then be very readily observed and the proper distance secured. Where the speed of the plate cannot be changed, several plates with different numbers of holes will be necessary to secure different rates of planting. Each hole should be large enough to drop two small seeds at once, but not two medium-sized or large ones. The holes should be countersunk well on the under side of the plate. The number of holes re- quired in the plates in order to drop seeds 3, or 6, or 8 "inches apart, respectively can be readily figured out for each kind of planter, the holes then drilled by the farmer or a blacksmith, and the results tested as described above. In general, thick sowing pro duces small stalks and small erect heads, but many more heads on an acre. Thin seeding makes larger stalks and larger heads, but fewer of them. Thin sowing also produces a larger number of the objectionable pendent heads. Feeding on The Farm The principal use of milo on the farm will be as feeding gram, simihar to corn. Chemi cal analyses show that the seeds of corn and milo are nearly iden tical in composition. Whether their feeding values are as nearly equal is not certainly known. No accurate experiments have been made to determine this fact. Experiments made with grain of kaffir varieties prove them to be little less valuable than corn HOW TO KILL GARDEN PESTS College Man Tells What to to Save Plants Do . ... i.:. creasing quantities are uuihk Hrv fnnrls and in UOtU 111 pvuiv.j ..imna. Some is sold on local markets for seed or for feeding ..ena hilt, most OI It IS IUU on the farms where grown Well at Paxton i Avi-niicrflmfiiits nve being maue 41 til for the drilling of a deep wen at 'V 1 i 1 1 . 1 .. . . nra I J IH'mn I U9iuuuiuv..v.... ---.."-, wayg l0 control ine common about eight miles north of Mad- tg Qf th(J vegetabe and flower iU nrtr.rtUnfna rnilvnnn. 1 ..... rii fin i. lit; uuoLiiutvtJ Thp milrond company is under stood to be behind the move Judging from the depths re nnirpri in neiirhborintr wells to VJVtll -tJ- t-f strike water it is believed that it will not be necessary to sink more than 150 feet. A wheat nlatform has already been con strnrtprl there and the building i 1 .1. oiagrainwareuuu Buu. ,,8 flre controed by food summer is ueing a.Keu oi. it . ..ons tak(jn thfl stomach said that unless uie larmers ue- th(; second by contact Qr b,ie mum . insecticides PDnenn E. Bercland Attorn MADRAS, yy 'I. bnook milmm . .. ley At Law garden are described in a new bulletin which is in preparation for publication by W. F. Wilson assistant entomologist at the Ore gon Agricultural College. Destructive insects secure their food either by eating por tions of the plants, or by sucking the juices therefrom," says Mr. Wilson. "The first general UADIU8 JohnT. Itnm CROOK Mi v.u,,11u o tract ind . . . . town iotB n rwi. -.;. m . m . ii ....... u ni.viii uluiu nti ' i .n r LEWIS H. IRVING ATTORNEY AT LAW Olllcoof MY. BirDelL MADRAS, that the Balfour Guthrie com Danv will build one. Paxton will be a heavy wheat shipping point. The farmers living in that neighborhood do not ex pect for any city to spring up there. They hope to get a post office and a good warehouse. Workers Welcome "Y" Cars J. W. 1 itchwir. who is in charge of the Railway Y. M. C. A. car which is visiting the camps along the Deschutes rail way, was in town last Friday He states that the car is gladly gallons of water is effective. weicomeu oy tne men, providing times it is necessary to use divided into two groups which may be termed the wet and dry sprays. The wet sprays consist of arsenicals applied with water or lime-sulfur as a distributing agent, About the only one in use at the present time is arsenate of lead, which, when pronerlev made and unadulterated, is effi cient and does not burn the foil age, as Paris green sometime does. For ordinary use two pounds of arsenate of lead to 50 At Ora van tassel NOTARY PUBLIC INSURANCE MADRAS, unr n 0t W. BARNETT NOTARY PUBLIC FOK OREGON Collections a Specialty ft . . . . 0IAUHA8, ,, W. P. MYERS LAWYER vuuvtn JUNCTION, OREGON Practice in all courts andDnitta of the Interior. NOTARY PUBLIC Juatico of the Peace UUI.VKH I'KKCINCT five as it does a library and reading pounds of arsenate of lead to room, and all the attractions fifty gallons of water as some in possible to be carried in such a sects do not readily succumb to a manner. Ihe headquarters for small amount of poison. "The dry In C. G0LLVER flio mnnqirnmanf f nil flii vnil I n.nrr. .i. .inMK,1 1 I I nn, nmim6Viiiv.in vi wiv. mil- ojjj UyQ ill i; UpiJllUU III U JJUWUUrUU way Y. M. C. A. work has been form, and there are number of recently located in Portland, in these on the market, inoludimr i ' ' " a order to be in closer reach of the several brands of powdered ar work where it is being most ex- senate of lead. Paris green and tensively done at the present, arsenate of lead, when nure. are as efficient as any, although at UnwAnn w. tiipmfr 41 1 1? T 1 I 11 nit: prusunt ume raris green is more in use than the other T . .... 1 1 i a raris green applied to plants in an unadulterated condition may seriously burn the foilage. To CULVER OREGON Grain Doing Fred Fisher was ranch north of town Friday and says that he has 400 acres in Fine in from his U. S. COMMISSIONER NOTARY PUBLIC INSURANCE a wheat that is looking fine and !k T'. " dandv. Thp hu ..a, r uBt uu.v,a uua """cully icsnouid ue j. ..w . uiiu ji laui, m , ...:4-l. OA .. nr i i week have worked wonders with ':. VViL. " "0 p,"n"8 01 the growing grains. Mr. Fisher " 1" 'i""?.? w AU l J u Lf IJil (11. I .1 III I ' 1 I U A I) HAH OIKJ01 , . ... . w..Jt, iui1(vjj.g, 1I1IIU 10 r or tne nignest yields ot equal to or somewhat better than that is growth. making a splendid On sandy soils or other soils which blow about in windy weather, fall disking and medium deep spring plowing may be re quired when the lister is used, Sisking in the fall or early spring is advised or double listing may be practiced. Milo usually makes a fair crop on fresh sod and in the semjarid regions is thought to be the best crop for spring broken sod land. The seed is dropped in every third or fourth furrow while breaking and cover ed by the next sod turned or is planted with a shoe drill. The crop thus sown cannot usually be cultivated. Planting the Seed It .mould be remembered that the following directions for planting, especially those con cerning the rate and the manner of sowing, are for growing milo grain from 4 to 6 pounds of seed to the acre is sufficient if the seed is of good quality. Milo is usually sown in rows 3 1-2 feet apart; sometimes only 3 feet apart. The quantity of seed used will vary somewhat with differ ences in soil and climate. Sec i; ii Lions witn ncn soil and more abundant moisture can sow milo more thickly in the row than sec I tions having thin sandy soils and IT 1. 1 (i ii - ugncer rainiau. several years tests on the experimental farm of the Office of Grain investi gators, at Amerillo. in the north ern part of the Texas Panhandle, show that one plant to the every six inches of row gives the highest grain yields under the average conditions obtained there. The soil on this farm is a good clay loam, the elevation is about 3,600 feet above sea level, and the average annual rainfall about 22 inches. Four pounds of seed to the acre produce under these field conditions plants aver aging b to 8 inches apart the desired stand. tne Kanirs as a teeding grain. Unlike kaffirs milo has a bene ficial laxitive effect on the bowels. More and more milo is being fed as a threshed grain. To pre vent waste by imperfect di gestion, it is nest to crack or grind the milo before feedinc. Where hogs follow cattle, the waste in feeding whole grain is reduced, but cattle will do better on the cracked than on the whole grain. The grain, like corn. gives the best results when fed with some other Jieed containing more protien, such as alfalfa, cotton seed, or cowpea hay. Where milo is headed in the field or from the stock, the heads may be fed whole, or they mav 1 t i ue ground and led, or they may be threshed and the grain fed. The whole heads are readilv ground in any large feed 'mill. through threshing first and then grinding the seed is said to re quire no more power. A aAnawlAMnKiA nn.. i. l t i " wiiaiuuiauicamuunt Or miJO J- 1 1 IbiYCI M . I H P .1 it 1 it .... than this have mnn, , w a n uie DUnaie especially in " i ii ii'ii 1 1 1 i iu wnnrn itt a the Pans green. This may be applied with a dust gun or sifted on with a gunny sack. Hellebore i-TPMn . " i'uwucieu lunn anu iresn is i i nivio ur 1IN 1 fc.Kfcb I valuable to poison such insects as injure small fruits or veget- YUUNG COW for sale, trood milker C. K. Loucks, Madras, Oregon. m25-jl-pd wAiNiCiU io Uuv several vouno- v rf --r ureeuing sows. Address Frank H rratt, Madras, Oregon. rnll-2G pd ables which are nearly ready for market and thus are too far ad vanced for poision to bedesir- L1. Ti ... ... uuie. HSJlOU d be dust nvnr them when they are wet with dew. Good Ealing!! Whin In Madras Call AtTta EERLESS CAFE Everything Bright. New. Oleu POPULAR FKItM Fresh Bakery Goods E, R, BURTON, Prop, i'UK bALh At tho Pioneer Ofllcf, lgal Ulanks of all kinds : CurLon and Tvnewrltr mitmr lnui(lll.i.,...i i Hale contractH, Notes and Receipts. New. Paper at LaPlne Hie first issue of the La Pino Intnr Mountain, u neat five column fnl in mill. lished by E. N. Hurd. has been received and is a welcorhe addition to oury cx v..i,Kc uat. rrom me I rat iasiin wo glean the following: i lie land In and around LuPinr. in nf the finest tillable soil, of great depth, iree irom stone, verv evel and w.ilnr of the purest and clearest can be had at U (lentil of frnm inn In (..,.... . iu t.vvvii.jr nicn means much Ln i. rm ...i ,w . w IIIW1 homesteader. iVIUCIl ere lit Is due to the nrnmnlnn. iu marine lor their far-sightednesfl as io locauon. Situated in th ni.nir ,,f the beautiful southern Deschutes vulley, IIAVING-latelv BPuie,l i n.... u"y-ree miles south of Hend and would like to hear from nw.." i no nunUrct m b north of Klamath larins, dry or iiiiuulpd: L'rnzlnrr nr I'aiis, in tho heart of what nrmniHOH tit Oil one Of the mnul fnlln I ru,k oai- good work horses; 4 sets uouuio Harness ; 2 god wegona. In quire at Pioneer olllco. FOR SALE Horses, harness and wag ons, lerms reasonable. C. Fit Uyt Madras, Oregon. mi() FARM LOANS!! Mate Slate Baal Bargains OF ALL KINDS IN FARM PR0PET7, HOMESTEAD It B I j I N li U 1 M I M K n i a, . - - - MKNT ljVnu wpumu w nud 320-A ere Trnrti; Close to UAILKOAI) KIOIIT-Or WAX Crook County, Orefion. via w BRUCE HOOD, mm REAL ESTATE and UUBW"" MONEY TO LOAN ON FARMS. .ft -tin an aiuie JiUllK. See 1 1 n iciuiiiiimuueu jor grain pro tluction but are not desirable under Panhandle conditions lliese figures are suggestive ratner than una . A soriia nr n i w rfll.An ...1. I nutiAm - t n ,t no a jjiaiu tiuj, xnusu who are cajici iiiiuuls covering tnree or Jamiliar with handling this and .'our different rates of other sorghums as forage crops should note the difference requir ed in the rate of seeding and in other practices. Time of llantlntr The tirne to plant varies, of course, with the latitude and altitude. In general, milo should be shown about two to four weeks later than the average date for planting corn. Thel average date will therefore vary must be carried on for years at difterent points in the milo belt before the question of how much to sow to the acre can l n ii ... . oe luuy settled. The best rate may prove to be different fnr each different grain is grown and separat6rs are not common. This is a fairlv satis factory way of handling the cron. ... - ' provided the stand is fairlv I,.. ... " inicK and it is cut as soon as Yn inn ci-nllm K beeaing bnrfi nnrl wnnrlw U7k Rfiuornl .i .... .. t uviviui m n in I hn uinJ a 1 11 1 w 'uuuiu cure silOUIU DO taken that no more is nlaced in the feed racks than is eaten ihnf " -w V I U uay. btock wi 1 notth M V, their ration becomes moldy or much mussed over in the racks. muHjr tasca ui ounu staggers" been A I I I ' ' IIIIHHT lailllH. Winn u.,..i.:... that will turn intri nmnav ...in.:.. .1.,. ... 11 - 111111111 mo next three or f.,ur years. Only '"i m iinin iiwiiHrs coilHiilHrpi . .1.1 T . " " uuret-s u, care 01 MudraB Pioneer. set of conditions C j . . . I yw Hi uwill ui bou, moiscure, and length of and other sicknesses have growing season, it will also be "irecciy traced to feeding BiuwniK duuduii. it win also ue ""fvw "ceu to leeding such dependent to a considerable ex- ,,,u,uy looastuus. l-. 11.. ..!. ,. . I Selllnir Tin- rir.i., tern, en uie cultivation given. ti,oh : Until these facts are more fnllvUiS Ls"?.w ?mng market iracis in Central Oregon, whore there " "bundanco of wood, and which covers an area of forty-fivo square miles U1 vmiey, surrounded on the north, cast and south hv dm n....i 1 Walker mountains and WfHf liu llin cascades, with their beautiful snow caps, which can be seen from most any poini in 1110 towns te as wnll nu f.m uu parta of the entire bafitn. At present LuPlnn in nlnn ,rt.( lYIlInn t t I irom me railroad which is push. i.K mrougn central Oregon. worn was roce ved hern fmm . ----- -".( . v. 1 1 - able SOIlrcn In Tvrll..n.l 1....1 1. . 111 in .7 . . uiBiwuuK, loino "o contract had been nward- . . . 1 niu tuiuuiuiinn nr 1 m 11111 IIUKHKS l.OST-Dark brown mnr frnm n.i . ., . " .'uwu harness marked ,i i.,,.-.u 1 " ' .. ,Z T " Ul onco.nnU that old ,rM,n i .... """" " UU,"B rnauofor the . """-ii wiui pipe worn uy tiiose n chartro brand. Hf.rnvml f. nl. n.n.. rr,, A .. 'B' . 4.U.I. ijuu 11 ini nn I 'I nn saiii in.n . ..... - ranch nn iw 1Z7 ". ...r"" 1 "u,nc linea ... vuWh .Ln i fur ii if ! 1 1 n nr urn tint hi i r i r i Trout creek, slv !,. ;" : .". Z . " iro,n mo south and "www ft w w Ah &j ul'ii lit ui m ri i r ii i in nir t Him of .Mn nfr.n,i ,l. r"h'. uy grauo which Is v-w uiu return oi tno in evidence u argo portion of tho wnu horses to J, II, Stuart. Youmrs. Hmcmn Lilt r ..Jl J" " 01 u ? way' Balfour Guthrie Co. GRAIN Bought at all point' iown resiuence lots for sale in the north end of Madras. For terms please wi ne- n. nagiea, uentralla, Wash. BAi'ililt-linnorted llnlnln., ni,.ni.. ... , - - - " - V.I.I.Ull will iiihkoii n HniiHn.i r mil ... MWIIt tUIII n eiu'ing April 1, m tho following days und Tuesdays, Madras. Weriiioa- lia.va iiiiii nriiiirfiii nu ,,,, " , .""J r-ll ITIUIUIlllf. iniirHdayH anil I-'ridays. Karmori J'CIKIUIl IIOIHO Un. .1. A. rv...l. LJ..'rt " ' .W"HIII i jv i run y. ... . u nt all time e navo uu nn..- Calcutta grain bags und Crown brand twine. Give us a call anything In our line. Jn Madras. Oregon W MADRAS BlIDlilli IP I i.tcdku nun SURFACE WEL18 nn i toinn nnw DEPTH OUAHjUr gu ESTIMATES FURNISHED i.iA.iinr AT DinNEE Off''" ,r,wumSin 5. OREGON - w "pparently, m- mlft.lfi ni n "i mi; u noon as uie one mnunnvi w irom thii nnrl Ii saw