Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The east Oregonian. (Pendleton, Umatilla County, Or.) 1875-1911 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 6, 1877)
fet i-cgotiian ill rrnusHiD .JiXE RY"S ATiU R6 A Y M 8 R N 1 N Q, Ktm or a v v jorrbstXG ix cotx 0 into, Snt invtrtkjfl. . $2 00 Each wbtoent insertion, r.OOf brnci:. coi'RT sti:i:t. OrrottTK TBS COVaT-UeVf. T:w: ij rVn by cucvul BsMsu eMkcsta tU lcU tUajBM. 3 caci yr tlx,. Xirnxultg' tttii psjrsblc noattlr. Ktr at Subscription In Cola t oaeYtwr. WW ill Moilki..... S lUreSstiatC.JSL - 1 8lH Cspm w VOL. 3. PENDLETON, UMATILLA COUNTY, OREGON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1877. NO. 1. Tf iU WOT? IT ---.. iwgitttiti tJoca Jby William CnHea Bryant. 2nd a: Erutungton, Tr, CVnIrt-iiif CrCrlW ton. On this fair vallej's verdast breast The ealta,sweet rays otuminerret, AnddoreSlke peace benlcnly brood " On iU smooth lawue and solemn woods, A century since, in flame and suioic. The storm of battle o'er It brok And, ere lie Invader turned and'flrd These pleasant fields were slrewrn with dead. Stark, quick to act and bold to dare. And Warren's mountain band were there. And Allen, who had Hung the pen Aside to lead the Berkshire men. AYIth fiery onset,-blow oo blow. They rushed upon "the embattled foe. And swept his squadrons from the rale Tike leaves before the autumn gale. Oh, never may the purple stain Of combat blot these fields agala. Nor this fair TaHey ever cease To wear the placid smile of peace! , Yet here, beside that battle-field, "We plight the raw that, ere we yield The richts for which our fathers bled. Oar "blood shall steep the ground we tread. Battle of Bennington. The Bennington correspondent of the fepringnela JUpuWtean gives the follow ing account of this important erect in llevolutionary history, the hundredth anniversary of which is being celebrated to-daj. We qnote: ne battle of Bunker Hill ami Ben nington, though separated bj a distance of j ears and many miles, were the two decisive checVs administered by New EBglaad militiamen to the picked amies of England. They stayed forever British invasion of New England, the one on the cast, the other to the west. The coming commemoratiea of the rictorj of our forces here one hundred years ago on the 16th -of August, thus becomes an event of high historical and local importance, and makes a preliminary and intimate study of this Bennington battlefield of Tresh and general interest. Before availing myself of the wealth of local tradition which illuminates the bare story ef the day, I most seeds out line briefly the events which led tip to tak battle aad its result. The American cause had for months been in a gloomy strait. General Burgoyne, with his splendid and confident army,had inarched down from Qaebec, compelled early in July, 1 . 4 , the evacuation of Ticonder oga, acknowledged to be the key to New England aad New York, aad was prc ceediag to unite with Sir William Howe on the lower Hudson. So was be to cot off from the rest of the colonies and subjugate New England. It was a mag niGceut plan. He attempted to do for the. rebellion against English dominion what Sherman accomplished by his march to the sea in oar own late civil war, but lie. was to meet defeat on his wings at Bennington and in the Mohawk Valley, and aarraader at Saratoga. At this time tiie'retreating Americans under Colonel Seth Warner bad been overpowered at Hubbardton, July 7, and the northern I colonies were in a panic On reaching what is bow Whitehall, New York, July 10th, General Bargoyoe had called upon jtha'?iakabitasts of Castleton, Rutland, TiBaToStli, 'Paufet, Wells and Granville, with the neighboring- districts, also the districts bordering on White Creek (Salem), Camdee, Cambridge, eta, etc, to sesd' ten persons or more from each township to meet Coloael Skene at Castleloa on the 15th, who would com manicate coaditioBS upon which the per soes asd properties of the disobedient might yet be spared," the manifesto con cladiBg, "This fail sot, under pain of military execHtiofi. This stoat threat had Jts effect upon the frontiersmen, who feared that Borgoyae woald let loose his savages to ravage the country. Great Bambers from all the region flecked to Skese asd swore allegiance to the crown, maayerea joiniag the invading army. The faithftil to the aaose of the colonics abandoned their homes aad fled south to Bea8lcgiofl, Berkshire aad Connecticut, so that atWiIIiamstown it is related that the roefof the Smedley boase, the seeoad frame raised in the town, was no sooner "In place than it was crowded fall of these Borihera fugitive. As to the American forcec,Gaaeral Schsylerywho was in com maad of the sort hero department, wai an risteeraVaad dtotrusted by the people, Colosel Ethan Allen was BBritirh prison er, and General Stark, who, with his Kewdlampsake sharpshooter?, hid cov ered the retreat of Pjcscott at Banket Hill, and btcn with Washingt .n at Tren ton aad Princeton, had retired from ser vice' in dbgUkt b cause Congress had pro moted over him junior offi.-ers. But cir cumstances were to give him a brilliant personal compensation and triumph, fo: to nim in a remarkable degree des the glory of this Benningtin victorv n.- doaBd. ! ermoatbsd bjen declared an inde pendent State at Westminster in the pre viwicgniuujiu wxuu i "J, OI Ullk plucf, writing the Stile Declaration of .IndcpendcBo, and at tlic time of the evacuaUonufTiconderogaacontitntSon)il cofiveati' a had btcn in sctsion at Wind sor, which hastily completed it work, haviBg first appointed a Council of Sifety to aamiuister the auairs or the state This council met at Maachester, but soon adjourned to Bcauiaton, wheic it was in kcssion previuu to anu during the bat tle and through -the year It gatliered ia the eld Cctamoaat Tavern, which stood a few rods aorth of the present Congregational church at the Center, and whse site is sow marked by a irranite bae, fbr uliich Artit T. II. Bartlett, of rarw, a native of Dori-et in this country. has justcomplcied a life like brouze fig ure of a catamount. As Btirjroyse forces proceeded southward, the C'juncil of Safe'y called out the State militia to U earthen C'.lonel Warner at Manches tu, coaascated the pioperty of those who had joiucd the enemy, and oig4aicod a cimpaay oi ranger under V ilouel Samuel Herrick to patrol the fiootier and attend Ij the Tories. New Hampshire and MajiacliUM.tl were called on for aid, and the Asembly of the former State organ ized a brigade of militia for General Stark. Happily he was granted discre ti.miry command f this little army, raited "f.r the defence of tbl and tlie neighboring States to prevent the en croachments of the enemy thoreiato'and when he reached Manchester, Aug. 7, and found General Lincoln with an order from Schuyler that the New INmp-birc men march into New York, John Stark tlatly refused to olej he was an abler toiaier man uenerai cuuyier, and tor tunttely he knew it. He went down to Ucnningtos, rcaclnns; there the 9th, the ame day that General Burgoyne, finding himself cmbarratved for provisions, or dered Lieutenant-Colonel Baum 1 1 sec that ex-Governor niland Hall, excellent local historical authority, spell this name Baume, which is not good Gcrmaniti capture the storehouse at this place. The town of Bennington at this time consisted only of the Center village and probably about 1,00 inhabitant. Though it boasted sareral frame structure, the town was largely primeval forest, ilt Aniliony, whoe MiinmU is 2.500 feet above the level of the sea, five or six miles southwest of the village, being woodtd down to near the meeting home, but the land to the north and wot was largely cleared and as remarkably tiro- d active as it is to-day. It is not gener ally known that the battle-held, half a dozen miles northwest of the meeting houic, is in the town of Hoosac, . l thus making the Hubbard too firiit the onlv battle of the Revolution foasht in Vermont. M ran time C ilon-1 Baum had set off with his force of probably $00 400 Brunswick demounted dragoon, a l . i . r Til - . 7-i uciacuoieni oi aruiicni wim two netu pieces, Briiuli, (!anadian aad ury markv menand-tOO Indiass reaching Camlride, sixteen miles from Stark, on the 1-tth. The next morning he pabed on to what is now Ziorth lioosac, where some Ameri cans abandoned a mill, and thence to where the battle was aftcra-ud fought, a thickly wooded hill on the west bank of the AValloomsac, where be encamped. General Stark and the Council of Safety had been bay the while. On the morn iog of the 1-ttb be bad rallied his brigade sent to Manchester for C'loael Warner's men and to Berkshire for recruits, and with Colonels Warner, Williams, Her rick and Brash marched oat toward the enemy. That night the council decided - -1 . l . ... rr - .i i i wiu siariL aoa nis ameers in iuc eta Catamount Hotel, a plan of attack- whkh would bare been carried out the next morning but for a posring rain. So was Berkshire saved her share in the victory. tier people bad become thorouirhlv aroused to the crisis, and Colonel Beoja mm Simoads,ot w iiliamslown. Parson Th imat Allen, of Pittsfidd, and Lien tea ant-Colonel Dand K siterl.f Ibchmond, led ber militia, who bad kept tneir pow der dry throngh their loor, wet march, into "Bennington on tliesiit of the 1 3th. General Stark had fallen back: a little and encamed two miles from Baum in the northwest part of the town, on the hiil-tarm, now occupied try Lewis Xortbousc, a bearilv wooded hill hiding the boi tile camp. Baam had entrenched himself on the hill selected for bis main defense, which rises some four hundred feet to the southeast. bat slopes away to the rear, and wboe base is washed by the Walloomtac 1 liver. running very nearly south here. At tle southern base of the hill the road from Cambridge, X. Y, crosses the river; and the brdge was defended by breastworks and minor fortifications, while southeast and on rising ground, lets than a quarter of a mile away, were consider able lory breastworks. Saturday, the 10th, wa a rarely perfect diy, with nature fieh-wa.bcd and dewily fragrant. General start got hi perhaps 1,000 men the New Hampshire militia, Green Mountain hoys and Berkshire farmers, all fresh from the hty-fietd early in motion, but the attack was not begun until 3 n x. This -was the plan of battle: C'hmel Mo Nichols, a physician commanding the Sixth New Hampshire Jlegitncnt, and Coloael Her rick of Vermont with 35Kmen cadi, were seattoostfianktbe British intreochmenta and attack them in the rear, while Xn dt vert aiienuon uoioneis isvia iiouarroi . .. ." , f TV -J . . the Twelfth New Hampshire Hegiment aad Thomas Stickney of the Eleventh were to Ret before the advance tory breastwork, and 100 men were to make a feint toward Biuni's front. The Berk shire men formed the main bdy of Stark s 800 reserve men, who were to sharply join in the general attack on hear ing bring in the rear of the Itntish. iter. 31 r. Allen of Pittuflrld, the original "fighting Parson, of whom I shall have much to say in another letter, had begun the day by a prater of inspiration, a-k ing the God of btles to "teach their hands to war and their fingers to fight ;i and General Stark pr-ibably addressed t the Berkshire boy bis famous "There are the red-coats, and they are our, or tlii night Molly btark sleeps a widow, stand ing on some fence bars and not from his horse, insists Mr. George W. Itobinson That Stark's wife was named Eliztbcth ha thr. wn doubts upon this tradition, but it is well authenticated that "Molly was the ct name which he always nstd when addresintr Elizabeth, and the fact of the lacon'c speech is established here beyond a doubt, btark plans proceeded to a piciurtsuue success. The militia men wmt stealing behind Baum in thrir shirt-sleeve, mistaken by hitn. 'tis said, for the loyalists of the rr-ginn, seeking the ptotection of his Uoes. Stark was neanng the tory hill ou the front readv tit open fire, when slender, joutbful Par son Allen stepped to the front to exhort his tory nciKiibirs,in the nam c of ilie Lord to dcit from tfving battle to the American forces, 'flint ihey reulied with bullets so Justly incensed the man of God that be borrowed tlip gun of his brother, Lieutenant Jocph Allen and tired the urst return shot of the battle. The attack of the American forces in the rear of Bsum. campouickty followed, und General btark oUkully sats: "I pashed forward the remainder with all speed. Our people behaved with the ifreatest unirit and couraic iinaifiuable I Had they been Alexanders or Cli mioses o( Sweden thev could not have behaved bet ter. The x ankee fanner, stnpttcd for the ficht, and rnraged at encounterinc their tory neighbor, soon mide the in- trenrhments ton Imt for tlie lojalUts, and the joor wretdic, attempting to sctlc tlie steep and slipper- height to tho main aim i, were shot diwa remorselessly. Tlie Indians fled osrlv in the battle, and the American advanced like veteran agiat the terrible tire of the Hessiaas, "mount ing the breat works that acre well forti tied and drfended with cannon. "It was the hottest fight," aid Stark, "I ever saw in my life; it represented ose coa tinnous clip of thunder," two Inurs of it, before Colonel Baum, attempting a g-dUnt sally, was mortally woundcd.and his forces tied and surretxlcrcd. Parson Allen began with nraver, and special prayers asceaded at BMalugtOB and Williamstown during the fiht, bat with the delirium ol victory came also the temptation to drink copiously from tbeeoemvs rata barrels. The wearied and parched farmer speedily became so demoralized that the troops of Colonel Ureyman, over COO, with two he ivv can non, sent by Burgoyne to reinforce Biuta, would hate tamed the Americas victory into defeat bat for the npportaae arrival of 100 of Colonel Ssth Warner's men from Manchester, who succeeded is rallviai; the tired aad boozy veteran of the pre vioas fiht. Stark had proposed, ctea ordered retreat, bat Cm-iorl Wareer's urgency prerailed to save the day until the coming of Iri- froh men. llhtin" till sunt, the Americaas oa their sec ood victory, aad oply nightfall prercolrd the capture ot ureymana entire force. Tne keenest anxiety had pon-eool the fiicnds of the local soldierv the while. The Council of Safety continued in sol emn session at Catamount Tavern, and at six o'rhjck a ballctin was seat abroad announcing that "the eaemy were driven, bat, being reinforced, made a second stand, and still coatiaae the conflict. Bat we have taken their cannon, and prison ers, said b number 'our or fit e hundred, are now arriviBg. The real facts were that the British bad lost 1,000 men. while of the Americans less than SO were killed and wounded. Stark thus gives the de tails; -We killed onward of 200 of the eaemy en the field of battle. I have 1 lietitenant-colnnel since dcaJi, 1 msjor. captains, U lieutcaants, 4 ensigns. S oernet, 1 jsdge-advocate, 1 baron. 3 Canadian officer, C sergeants, 1 aide-de-camp, and TOO prtsoeers." He adds, with arithmetical precision, I almot forgot 1 Ueian chapUsB. -Gentle-men,"' be conclades, addreiar hi ib periers In New IUmpshlre. I think we have retBrned the eaemy a prujer com pHmtnt in the above anion for the Huts bardstown engagement. The prisoners were filed into Btaeiag- ton, and the wounded of both side tea derly cared for. The dead caeaaies were boned with no ceremony, ese eaterprts ing granger bitching his horse by a rope amend the neck nf tbe blies and dra;. ing tbem to a great hole. Col. Uaum sd been taken with Col. Ifiter, a noted tory who owned a mignificent hone In Hoosac. t- a house about a mile away. and both died within tacntv-four hour. Basm, bv hi tetf-McriScing bravery. In spired a cordial likieg among the Amer ican, and was devotedly miuutered to in hi death. The 130 tory prisoners were much more roughly treated than the He ians. They were marched into the vil lage two by two, the women taking down their bedsteads to get ropes to string tliem on, and tlie Cjundl of Safety found them a long harden. They were made to tread down the roads in winter over to Wilmington, were kept guarded at the meeting hourc, pat npon the limit of their own farms, or banished ncder pen alty of death from the town, and some were even sent down to the Simsbury mines. The Hessian dead are buried in the village cemetery. Among the tro phies of the day's victory were four bras field-piece two of which are ia the State House at Montpelier twelve bras drums, four ammunition wagons, several hundred stand of arms, and a host of per sonal relics which will turn up during celebration week. Of the A men can des'l. Bennington mourned foar of her most re- sjectcd citizens John Kay, Henry Wal- bridge, Lnvid Warner and Nathan Clark. Local sentiment docs not orcr-csUmatc the importance of this Bennington vic tory. Bancroft call it "one of the most brilliant and cventfal of the war; four days after it, Burgoyne declared it im- pnsibla fur Lngland to sub-Joe the col onics, and nine weeks later be surren dered at Saratoga. Bccaase of it. Con gress which htd censored Stark for rc- fasinc to. obev Schuvlcr. itassed a reso lution of Shanks to his command, and wound upXiy making him a Brigadier in the army o the United States. An in telligent, in-jwtial and comprehensive opinion is recorded in the journal of Bar ones Iteldesrl, whose husband was one of Burgoyne "s most trusted German offi cers, that tlie battle of Bennington "par- alyz-d at once the operations or the British army." Pau Bclu at Sk It happened once oo board a ship sailing along the coast or lirazil, one hundred miles trout land, that the persons walking on deck when passing a particular spot heard rao,t distinctly tlie sound of bells, vary ing as-in human rejoicing. All onboard Hatcncd and were -convinced. Some months afterward it was accrtained that at the time of oh-crtatiou the bolls of Sr. Salvador, on the Brazilian c a,t, had burn ringing on tlie occasion of a festival. The sound, therefore, favored by a gentle wind, had traveled over one huudred mile of smooth Water, and striking thewtuu spread sail of a ship rendered concave by a gentle bret ze, had been brought to a focus aud rendered (icrccptiblc. A tfli fkT Invfr4 r-m wanilrrintr in the mo in light. "Ali.lorel" shemunnured, "why do summer res fad el" He wa a young chemist and practical, and he oiled; uf auiittn lt& ficrlm. to a re de- i - - - - -1- . ... - - tlciency of nutriment In the soil and !. ...ir.i . . . . an iiisuincicncy of ox j gen in the atmos phere.' Ladikh collars are to be cut low now. The Capture of Jeff. lUvls. Soon after the close of the civil war in 1S63, when General L-e and Johnston had surrendered to the United State force, a good deal was said much of it faltc In regard to the raptare of JcfiVr s n I)vi, President of the Confederacy. S-on after hit capture, James 41. Jone. a colored man who was with Mr. Davitor his family during nearly the whole time of the war in the capacity of coachman. and who was with him when lie was taken prisoner in Georgia. furnUhed a statement of his capture. Keceotlr a re quest hi Ivcn made to a gentleman of high standing in this city to procure from James II. Jones, a statement of the whole matter, which he has given, and which we are permitted to cipy, as be low. But before giving the statement we will ttke occasion to say that the anthor is a native of this citr and stands a high as any colored man in the State for truth and integrity. He Is and has been for ten year captain of the Victor lire Company oX thl city, aad wa until his resignation recently, captain of the ICaleigh Itifles, a colored volunteer com pany of this city. The statement is civ- en as briefly as posdble tu be intelligi ble aad 1 a follows "I wa coachman to Hon. Jeff Davis nearly all through the war. and wai with him at the time of his capture, which occurred on the 10th of May, l&65,bctweca three and four o'clock in the morning, some fifteen or sixteen mile from the county seat of Wilcox Coanty, Georgia, while in camp on the public road. I beard the tramping of the borvrt of the Federal soldiers, a they were approaching lbs camp, and awoke Mr. Davis aad told him the anlet- were nearly on a. He and hi wife bad been sleeping in thei tect. When I went in he got up, and by the time he get hi clothes on the vtldiers were In the camp aad ten or twelve of them were standing at his test door with their gun. No one could aas in or oat. Mrs. Davis and the children had not had time to dress. Mr. Davis went to the tent dojr and was onleml bv the sol dlers to surrender. He replied that be would, not; that be woald die first. At this Mrs. Davis pressed to her husband and pat ber arm around his neck, beg ging the soldiers not to kill him, both she aad the children crying piteoutly. -It ha been stated that Mr. Davi bad en a hoopkirt and was otherwise dis guised as a woman. This is wholly false. He was dred in his ordinarv clothing, ... . ... wttn calvary boots drawn over bi pints, a waterproof ot cr his dress cost, a shawl thrown over hi shoulder, and oo hi bead a broad-brim white or drab Texas hat. He had not an article of female wear about hi persoa. The following gentlemen were in the camp and were captared at the same time, urn era I Usagan, rostmattcr-Oea-eral; Mr. HarrisAO, private secretary la Mr. Dvi; Colonel Lovett, of Texas ; Colocel Joseph Johnson, of Kentucky; Colosel Joseph Wood (escaped next day j, Jtr. niltiaa iiowcil, brother to jfrr. Davi, and many other, all of whom I doabt not will corroborate what I hare stated above." lldtiS (.V. C. Xei. The Martini-Henry rifle, with which the Turk are armed, I the well-known Henry rifle of America, with some im provement by Martini. It is believed to be the lxit weapon in use by any army. It will carry accnratdv up to l.bUO yard over a mile, while the accurate ran ire f the Prussian seedle-gun is not over 700 yards. As many as sixty shots a minute have been fired from the Martini- Henry gen without taking aim, and thirty shots a minute hv been fired at a target with a reasonable degree of suc cess in hitting it. Trials of fast firing. witboat aim, from a number of rifles. bare retailed Ia an average for the Loper of fifty shots a minate; Martini-Henry, lorty; etley-luchard(, thirty eight: near, kiimj-cigm, itcmiDguja, miny; French Chasscpot, nineteen; Bcrdan (Russian), eighteen; and the needlc-gua. nine. 1 Tie cocking arrangements of the Chassepot and necdle-gans are very slow in action. This is the kind of a weapon the Itasslant are driving their heavy masses in front or. It is evident that they have not a shadow of success bv direct attack. A single line of Tarks can slsy all the Hossisns that can be pot in front of them. The Kassiacs must dei clop a new system of tactics. One of oar veteran infantrymen could show theni more tricks in the way of encountering a deadly ritle tire than they are likely to loarn for a quarter of a century. Ax old ladv belouL'Inif to "one of th sect. on meetinif the inih rector. id : -rray, Jir. .Matthews, will yon tell me wiiai you Episcopalian mean by the iwwolic succetsioul " -Crtaiulr. rnv dear madam, replied the rcotorj who was a little given to practical jokes. -Vou sec, my name is Matthews; I am descended from Matdiew the- Piihliran "OI'' tlic answered, "that is excellent; and how about Mr. James H "Why, don't you know James the brother of John, sons of Zcbcdcet "Why, ye, certainly; but how about Bishop Grecnl" Thi puzzled our reverend fiieud for an ia staut. He soon brightened, and replied, "Why, Bishop Green derived the succes sion tkrmtgh hit mother family." Nil DesranANDra One of the Scotch judge, rather noted for his light treat ment of serious punishments, had sen tenced a man.cunvictcd of sheep stealing, to dc naoged on the -'3th or the then cur lent month. Tlie prisoner, when being conducted out o: the dock, turned round to the judge, who was busy arraogiog his papers previous to leaving the court. anu cried out: "My lord, my lord. 1 hcana got justice here to-day V The judge, looking up from his occupation with a twinkle of grim fun in his eye, consolingly auswcrol: "tieel, wctl, my man, ye'll get It on the UStli." Ax English lady ha presented to rarlianicnt a petition, with ioi.kiu sig natures, that no more grant be made to the royal family till they give a mil MsrMtit f filial S . fit 1 M rln Still how they ese it. J How the American Aborigine dN. posctl of Their Dead. The moles of disposing of the bodies of thedead in use among the aborigines of America are classed by Mr. Edwin a Barber, in the Xaturalitt, under four heads, viz. : inhumation, cremation, em balmment, and aerial sepulture. Of the, the first was most uully em ployed, the bodies being interred either to ordinary gravis, in mounds, or io caves. Several tribes, among them the Lenni-Lenapc, or Delaware, were accus tomed to Ineae their dead in stone bjxe or tomb. In tamulus-barial, the dead were generally laid near the original level of the surface, and the mound heaped over them. Only isolated instances of cave-barial have been signalized in the United State, as in Breckenridge county, Kentucky, and in the canyon of Utah. Ariz n a, and New 3Iexico. Cremation was of two kind in grave aad Ib urn. Among the Pacbto of Arirooa and Utah the body was sometimes barned. and the aihes deposited In shallow tomb, t several tribes on theOsta river, in South ern Arizona, burned the bones of the dta 1 in urns. Bat few cases of embalm ing are known to have occurred In the limit of the United State. As exam ples of this mode of preparing the corpse i maybe mentioned the Mammoth Cavef and Salt Cave mammies of Kentucky.! 1 bese bodies nave been preserrcd by a ruJe species ot embalmment and by ex siccation. Aerial sepeltBre was of two kinds the first by suspension on scaf folds or in tree, the second by sepulture in canoes. Several tribes still employ the former mode of burial. The Sioux derate the bodies of their dead into trees, or stretch them oat oa raised plat- lorm. wrappiag thesa in blankets aad tearing them to the mercies of the ele ments and carnivorees bird. Ptpntar Mrs. Sherman to be Honored. It is ruBs-sred that the Pope intends man's zeal, in raising sp the largest sab criptioa seat by the Komaatsts of any one nation is hocor of his Jubilee, by presenting her with the Uoldea lbsc, with whKk oly sorrrstgas, chvrhe or ' cilic have been honored heretofore. In- . deed, it b sid that only three times ha T: .1 : i t t m t . i ius i.v. gives lass stoooraotc sjsa iJ any oee. Oae ef the three he had sa bonartvl are Maria Teresa, fermerly Qacea of Naples, to whoa he gave it as a testimony of his appreciation of the kindnos and affection with wbteh she and her royal ooaort, Ferdinand, re ceived him at Gaeta, when be fied from I Cose in lla. The Empress Eugenic received the second, and Elizabeth, Ea prc of Austria, the third. The rose Li made of gold of the parr it quality and fashioned by a skillfal artist. The fecrth Sand ay io Leat is set apart for the bless ing of the Ooidcn Kotc by the Sovereign I'ontiO.who sesd i it to a prince. pn ace. church or city, a a pledge ef his pater nal aCectioa. It teems as far baca as the eleventh and twelfth ceatarie the IVpes osed to carry a gusldea rose when walking in procession ee Ltetare Son- day, but aatsqaarlans do net agree a to its origin, virzaauer in. seat one to wards the end ef the twelfth century, to Louis Vll.of France, in acknowledg ment of the services the king had ren dered to the Church. Pooe Julius II. sent one in 1510 to Henry VIII. By tats record, which I have found la a Catholic work entitled -The Sacraments, it will be seen that if the rumor is correct as to the Pope's intentions to bestow the rose on Mrs. Sherman, she will be the first individual In private life who has received so distinguished an honor. Graphic' The Electric Light in Warfare. The aJoptioa ef electric light as a means of illutnlnatiatr the path of shins at sea, during the night, has been fol lowed by the application ef this power ful illaminatlatf arent to the Darnoses of naval warfare, and some British iron clads have been fitted with lights and reflecting appiratns. which will be of great service in protecting them from such night attacks by torpedo boats as t.n. ..l. -r...i.:.v. z .i.i. IWVl Ui4UV Ut IlilhilU lVllUI in the Black Sea and the Danube. The Haitian Government, it seemt, are torn log their attention to the use of electric light as an illuminator for military pur poses. In some experiments recently made at St. Pctersburgh, with the special object of increasing the distance to which the light produced by electricity may be thrown, it was found that the power of the light is greatly augmented by cover' ing the carbon burner with a thin sheet of copper. By this means, the celebra ted Aiteneck lamp was made to increase tlie power of it light from 10,210 to 1C, 2i candle; and even this giest power was raised to that represented by the light of 30,1272 candles by a slight alter ation in tlie position of the carbon and Its covering namely, by turning it to wards thedirtclion of the olyect trquired to be lighted. It was found that this light was sufficiently powerful to render object visible at night at a distance of over 3,000 yards. To a garrison pro vided with two or three such scntiuol, night surprises would have no fears. Dost Be a Loaran. Young man, pay attention. Don't lie a loafer; don't hang about loahug places, uetter worK than sit around day after day, or stand aboat corners with your hands In your pockets bustle about, if you meau to have anything to butlc about for. Many a poor physician lias ooiaineu a real sa lient by riding after an imsginary one. A quira of blank paper, tied with red last carried under a lawyer's ami, may procure hlin his first case and make hi fortune. Such I tho world. "To him that hath shall be given.' Quit dream ing and complaining; always keep busy and mind your ?hancs. DtntiMi some recent excise trials at PitUfield, Mass., it wai revealed that tho use of opium is largely on the iucrease. amoug persons addicted to strong drink, In that vicinity. Cider and Vinegar. We are aikeJ, says the De Moines lltgUttr, if cider can be kept sweet. It certainly can, bat it It fr more useful sour, ia which slate it is a go-d substi tute for the unhealthy and cut-throat vinegar made of muriatic acid and corn. Bat eider can be kept sweet by healing mot boiling i and hermetic lly Mailing in the note manner a canning fruits. The best method is to fill battles with per fectly sweet cider, aad ret them on a board, in a fiat-bottomed boiler fa com mon clothes boiler will doi with cob) water. Then heat until the cider begins to run over, hot not boil. Then cork tightly and seal as yoa would fruits. Ttiea set away in a cool cellar until it is needed for use. We have heard several other wsyt, none of which can we in dorse. One is t pat in the cider a large quantity of ground mustard seed; aad another is to pat in three-quarters of a puucu oi sugar us eacn gallon in uie burel, and then add the sixth of an ounce of salpbite (not sulphates of lime to each gallon. But for use this is a hard drink. Hard cider is one of the worst and meanest of intoxicating bev erages, and no man who ha any respect for himself, or proposes to set a good ex ample for his son, should tolerate it use. Bat bailed cider s- persistently famishes it partakers with headache, there is no need of additional warniag. Bat apples hare been, and are yet, in many places, plenty, and erry family should hare their vinegar barret replen ished with the choicnt vinegar. If no cider it made en the farm, the vinegar barrel can be filled by the proper use of the apple peelings. Almost every fami ly in the State use apple eaoagb."if they wee Id save the prcllngs and cores, to constantly keep pure ami healthy vin rgar. Hare a jar, aad throw all the peelings in. with soft water; and so soon as they thoroughly ferment, sqseexs oat the juice, aad pst it in the vincgir bar rel. Then as apples are used, fill up the jar again. It is hard times, yet families who are hard pressed waste slops of tea, apple peeling, -and the juice where fruits arc cooked, etc., and thea purchase vin egar strosg and poisonous enoaga to take the Hnicg off of a store-pipe. This in famous chemical vinegar is good enough for such families as are too careless of the raw materials which go to waste about their houses, to make an abundance of good vinegar. Let inch alone. But there may be many good housewives who da not know bow easily they can always have aa abundance ef the best ef vin- The Losers of Freight. Upas inquiry among a large cumber of claimants a Time representative teamed that Mr. Kingston's circalaref at- - .-..ft. - .. . -v . . 1 use iui losiasi, uiTiuog isiereaxeu par be to scad in their claims to the rsilrosd company, to be presented to the authori ties el .VUcgheny county and proecated, if necessary, without crsst to the claim- ants, was not well received. It was is sued before a ceejallaliou had taken place between the committee of the Mar itime Exchange ana the president and director of the railroad. A rtrotsiaea: member ot me tacnaage said yesterday that there was a disposition among a large a umber of claimants, who were sot en the committee and who had cot been folly informed of the position taken by the railroad company, to disregard the circular and bring suit against the corpo ration. One merchant, who expressed j the same views as many others with whom the reporter talked said: "We are advised by counsel that the railroad, as common carriers, are directly responsible to us. If we abandon our claims against the railroad company and place our bills ef lading, invoices, tic, in Colonel Scott's ; hands he may prosecate and collect our claims, and he may not. We have got a good claim against the railroad and at present we do not feel disposed to aban don it. On the other hand. Colonel Scott claims that the railroad Is not responsible under the law of common carriers; that the law of this State make Allegheny county responsible to etrt. He says that It the company is sued by lesser it will defend itself, aad that merchants by suing the railroad will virtually abandon their claims against Allegheny county, and that such actios will embarrass and retard the final settlement of the claims. He proposes to give claimants any se curity they may aik which does not in volve aa admission of the responsibility of the railroad, and be also propose the appointment of a joint committer, com posed of representative of claimants and directors ot the Pcnniylvaaia IUilroad, who shall cave the direction and control of all prosecutions. A member of the Maritime Exchange committee told the reporter that the committee were satisfied that Colonel Scott's proposition should be accepted, and that all the claimant to whom the committee bad explained tlie proposition were of the same ojiinloa. The same gentleman farther said that the committee do not intend to urge any coarse upon the mcctiBg of claimants. but simply tu explain the sitnattoaas they understand it. PkiUuItipMa Titus. Now that the 1 loss tans aad the Turks are fighting each other, it may be inter esting to know what kind of a creature a Turkish soldier is. As a rule. he is tall and squarely built. He is more Intelli gent aad quick than the Hussian. Phy sically, many of them sre very hand some; liardly any are brutal in look or disposition. Tbey can both read and write, and there are bo better soldier. If beaten in war it will sot be their fault. They eat bo meat and drink no whisky. Ia fact, they arc as army of teetotallers aad vegetarians, aad can be maintained at small expense. The Ot toman Empire may be declining on ac count of the rvtteunosof its institutions, but the bulk of its population i ui orally and physically superior to that of the Russians. At least, so says Mr. Sala, who has traveled extensively in both countries. It costs about $7 to send a ton of wheat from Chicago to Llmpi-ol. Pros pee tw. The Agricultural Bureau's statistics bear oat the strongest statements that hare bcn made in the newspapers in re lation to the unprecedented buentifalness of the crop of the country. Taken as a whole, such a vield baa never before bits Kal the land. The crop of winter wheat exceeds aoylh'ngerer known; the spring wheat promises to be equally good both as to increase in quantity and excellence of quality. Then the corn aad oat crop are in no wise behind hand in their lavubueas of promise a prom ise which is now nearly fulfilled. The cotton crop cannot ponibly fall short of four and a half million bale nearly a million more than the best yield of any previous year. For all of these pro ducts except cotton unusually high price i are paid. As a Nation we are placed in that singularly fortunate posi tion that all we hare to sell Is eagerly desired by other people, while we want bat very tittle that we do not produce ourselves. We must, therefore, receive largi amounts ef money which will stay with ui. A more perfect system fbr the rapid diffusion of the money through the coun try cueld not be devised than that which now exists. If it were any miaufactsr iag or trade interest which was receiving the revivifying influence of a pleotitnde ef currency, the beneficial etTxts would cot be felt by the country at large tor a long time, the sums expended would slowly trickle throcgh the immediate re cipients into the general cin relation it woald be like thawing aa iceberg with beat from a single side. Bst in this in stance the rays strike everywhere at ooce like the rising ssj shining upoaa frosted field. Within a fortnight after the Kansa farmer drove the reaper into his field ef waving grain be had the price of its pro ceeds ia bis hands. The mouth of Jnly saw the grand distributioa of oooey to the firmer begin is Ktnsav Missouri, Texas, Tcnaoce aad Kentucky. This month sees the grangers of Olio, Indi ana, Michigan, Illinois, Wiscosiia, lews, Minnesota asd Nebraska ooamescs re ceiving their share. A million wheat raisers wot of the Al legheny coaataint.are toww will within the next few weeks, be marketing their grain, reed ring direct troca the hands of buy en amounts varying bam ten to a thou, sand dollar carh.in return for the harvest of their farms. In the coining four month million more corn, oats, fruit, aad po tato growers aad cattle raisers will re ceive similar sums in ready mosey for their prod ace. Betwees sow and Jans nary 1st, at least forty mil lien dollars ia mosey will be paid te the people west of the Allegbeaie for the things that they hare to sell, and which Europe aad the East want to bur. Tie amount may reach fifty millions. Some of this will fiad its way into every man pocket. It can not bdp producing as great aa ac tivity in money as the pa j ing off of the troops at the cloe of the war, because the amount is nearly as great, aad the diffusion among individuals is as geseraL The effects of this are already felt is the Eut, The large jobbing houses at New York are noting with pleasure that their orders from the west are coming ia earlier than usual, and greater ia quan tity tRaa lor years past. All express universal satis faction with the outlook, and entertain no doabt thai the Fail trade will show us all that we are again oo solid ground. The southera mer chants are visiting New York in greater numbers than tor years, aad baying lib eral lines of goods. The New England factories are dusting off their machinery and getting into shape to fill the orders that are flowing in. Never has there been a time whea the prospects seeased so cheering to all, and whea there were scchgsod substantial reasons for that cheerfulness. T&mV SZtJt. A French Novxr.cc Osk Ciumx Here is the story ot aa unfortunate young lawyer. This ualocky wight was head over heels ia love wita a beautiful young girl, and was about to be married to her. On the ere of the wedding day he was called on to defend aa awful miscreant a man of thirty, who bad poisoned hi mother and father. The case seemed a lost oae, and whea the prosecution had closed, the young lawyer was just about giving up the straggle without an effort, suddenly he perceived in the far lx Uemity of the court-room his beloved and ber parents, who had come tu see what kind of stun he was made of. The presence of the one he worship change his train of thoughts. He feels that be must make a show of talent, aad com mencing his argument, he rises to the highest flights of clcqcence. In a word, he succeeded in showiog that the crimi nal is an upright, virtuous, and much abused man, and obtains his acquittal. In the evening, the lawyer, with triumph ant air, calls at the boose of his future father-in-law, expecting that hi success will insure him a warns reception. To bis surprise, he finds the young girl cold and her parents ranch embarrassed. He asks what this sort of reccptioa means. -My friend, says he whoa the young man bad already begun to call father-in-law, "I must tell you my daughter loves another. "Another 1 -Who is the man!" "The good aad virtaoas man whom you to-day, by your elo quence, restored to society," replies the father. Pari Paper. Closetist and his son lived together. They were both exceedingly economical in their habits. Young CloscSst was not anxious for his fathers death. He knew tlie old man's money was. all right, aad there was no necessity to trouble about it. One day the old man fell danger ously IU, and aikcd hi son to run for a physician. Clojeilst, junior, with a long face: "But, father, you know how these doctors charge. -Never mlad, my sob, it will be cheaper; funerals are awfully expensive Just now. A DtSTisactsnED Japanese traveler la this country writes home: "The chief branch of education Is rowing. The people haro largd bout-house called "college, and the principal of the ara Yale and Harvard."'