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About Oregon spectator. (Oregon City, O.T. [i.e. Or.]) 1846-1855 | View Entire Issue (June 29, 1848)
hi t y tTfrat eta iftaCMw ) i OMmm an to turn- . Ikcr oouM not be mado (a wbjr wMmU who art olil. "..Vaitati tatae should Mnn ftjsx vwation or treaty obit. use puaitnment 01 a uu 4 committed any crime I a American citlten, would be y,tMetad. Indeed, tho conse. I tasibx be fatal to American clti. ita Chtaa, tlwuld a flagrant crime bo m vy asry or them upon a uni. I akouM trial aad punishment not mam Miaa reejutsmon 01 tne I might disturb, If not destroy, riewUeM with that empire, aa Interruption of our valuablo treatlee with the Sublime Porte. Trl. . Ttaaia, Morocco, and Muecat, lo re. km lrtWotkm of Congress to carry HMo execution, though tho necessity :e action may not bo to urgent Mtawgard tpCblna ,-.lwecrc Unr of State ha submitted an 4MaWttt la defray the expense of opening 5 ajplMMiM relation! with the Papal State. wC3KPi m r,fr.1;lalereetlBg political eventa now in our commercial Interests, have. M SISIP ., ".l. mm w . oplaloa, rcodered tuch a measure expedient. 'aVaWMtatea hare alto been submitted for ' tssliaifill aad aalarire of charge d'affaires mm republic of Dollla,GuilemaU, ami -sat- a. z mm ... . r. irra manueu imponance 01 ine the mot friendly relation the independent ttatc upon llii naa induced me to rccommeuu '-Mtsriaticai necessary for the nialnte. - Mmf a theto missions. ks vVlswauiuuiend toCoagrrts that an appro. -fJSMrtta be made, to be paid to the Spanish iVgaMroeut for the purpose of distribution ymmmm'- the claimant in ' tho A misted ..awe, i tntertain the conviction that this jttitbj In Spain under the treaty of the gQlli jtMabar, 1785 ; and, moreover, that, from 'tltatarnest manner in wbjch the claim e to hn urcetli r lorifr rs it shall ' S,Vaaa unsettled, it will bo a ource of Ir. I ItWMa and discord between the two coun. trite, which may prove highly prejudicial . It ftlLLi.M.i.HriluIT.I.Ilu..i r?-2l I "1tJt4tCy.no let than a faithful compliance MnnmKicaHvi iiiv I'liucu .siaicv uini . 1 whh our treaty obligations, require that . aba fasoontrderable appropriation demand. "WM ae maui. A detailed statement of the condition of : Miacee win oe pretemeu in tne annual JJf of the Secretary of the Treasury, K--riT "I " """"' '"" iSi.ai awn 01 June, 1H7, were or the or IM43,B38, of which the a. (ported was ts,01 1,158, leaving l,ev in tne country for domestic i vaiuo or the exporu Tor the tame Mil59,We,d2a; of which 150.. I aoasitted of domestic production. I MU.159 of foreiga article. W- .ixweipe qtw .ine treasury sor ine i auat4toar:o,aio,7no 37, are was derived from'cuitoms T3M06; Irom talc of public lands. aw , ana irom incidental ana , at source. 9100.570 51. The . star. during which this amount I 1 isossnsaj, vmoraceu nve months under rallooof tbeTsrlfTAct of 1843. and aauhe during which theTarifTAct 1 waa In force. During the five under the act of 1643 the amount from the customs wa S7.S42.- ft 90, and during the seven months un. ";atbeact of 1810 the amount rectiel stIO,W,o,Y7 60. net revenue from the customs durimr J:HM .... .L i. .r n t P X.- -' 1.-MM4HJ5 ui tiic iai 01 ucccinocr, swso, ocing ine itsi year untfer tlio opera aaonhetarifractof 1813,wa33,07l,.ltlie protective policy for tho benefit of oth .v, onii me net rcvenuo irom custom v, sfcriftg the year ending on the 1st of Do. .'atnoer, iwt, being the operation of tho fcjMiBTact of 1810, was about 31,500,000, 'iBg an increase of revenue for tlio first Jfjar under the tarlfiact of 1810 of more ill,. s0 RAA AAA .t. ss.t aCj!?" tw, uw over 1 nft 1 01 mc uit year ) "p jtwuvr iikj mriu 01 isu T Tiirt s.nAn,l!ll(e .1 .! t. !-..! .... py T v-'v,'''"it im iiwm vcur m ding on tho 13th of June last were 850.. 11,177 05; of which 93,533,083 37 were account of payment of principal and f saterest of the public dcLt; including trra i aary notes redeemed and not funded. The J expenditures, exclusive of payment of rub. ' le debt, were 55,030,005 VS. It it estimated that the receipts into the I treasury for the fiscal vear emlimr nn ih rlSthof Juno. 1918. including the liilm, 'In tho treasury on tho 1st of July last, will, L' those who ha navigated thorn. Should I mourto$ 13,090,545 RO.of which 31,. '" ratio of increase in the number of our 00,000, It is estimated, will be dcri.cd I from customs : :i..'ill0.000 from -the sale of f its public lands; 400,000 from incidental) ""i ,lie ,lm'' ' "oimMani wncnour ton. aaurors, Including sales inado by the .Soli. '"'S0 n,1J coinn.orclal marine will bo lar. I attor of tlio Treasury, and 80,385,20 1 55 fMtn loans already authorised bv law. swbjoh, together with the balance in the . jatsuury on uiy in last, maxe tho sum attasatcd. 1 Tba expenditure for the snmc period, If 1 trace with Mexico shall not lot bo concluded, ' ad the army shall lc Increased a is pro. potcd, will amount, including the necn. aary payments onaccount of principal and iatermt of the publlo debt and treasury Bsta,ro 59,015,(100 7. v On Ihe lit of tho present month, the m amount of Ihn puhlio debt actually incur. " red, Including treasury notes, wa 15,. ,0011 su, 1 lie public doiit duo on tlte or March, 1845, including treasury a, was 17,789,70(1 03 : -and conse. Mattly tae addition mtdo to the publlo tjtat alnoe that timn Is 827,870,650 78. IXIho loan or 923,000,000, authorised aot of tho 3Sth of January, 1840, I o o.viuw.uuu was paid out to Iho creditor, or oxchanacd at par for MasjattUi list nrnalninir S18.000.000 was WmM for specie to tba highest bidder not r, ay aa tavertiseinent issued by r ar the Treasury, and nubllshed 1 tha iboFebrutry unUI tho 10th of I, 1947i when It wat awarded to the 'Vwn.J:'" several highest bidder, at pt'tmlaatt my irtg irom t 01 one per rent, at two per aH. abovopsr. Tho premium hat beat'pwM into im treasury, ana ine tuma awarota deposited in specie. In the Ireatury a -flat at it was required by tne want 01 tne gov eminent. To met the expenditure for the re. mainder of the present and for the neit fiscal vear, ending on the SOlh of June, 1810, a further loan in aid of the ordinary reveuueof the government will be necet tary. Retaining a sufficient aurpltlt in the treaurv. the loan required for the re mainder of tho present fiscal year will' bo about 18.500.000. If tho duty on tea and coffee be imposed, and the graduation of the price of the public land (hall be made at an early period of your tettion, at re. commended, the loan for tho present fitcal vear may be reduced to 17,000,000, The loan may be further reduced by what. cer amount of expenditure fan be taed by military contribution collected in Mex ico. The most t Igorou meature for tho augmentation of these contribution have been directed, and a tcry coniderable turn i expected from that touree. It amount caunol, however, be calculated with any certainty. It in recommended that tho loan to bo made be authorised up on the mo terms, and for the tamo time, a that which was authorised under the provision of the act of the Sdih of Janu ary, 187. "Should the war with Mexico be continu. ed until the nmh of June, 18t0, it iiestl ' mated that a further loan of 30,500,000 I will be required for the fltcal year ending on that dav, in cato no amy oe impoecq on tea and cotlec, and the public land be I not reduced and graduated in price, and no military contributions shall be collected in .Mexico, it the duty on tea ana couvo ue imposed, and tho, land be reduced and graduated in price, a proposed, the loan may be reduced to au,wii,wv, e aa win be si the i whi subject to be still lunntr reauceu oy ' iimounl of the military contributions rhich mav be collected in Mexico. It I nnt nntrw.l knwir. al nriant- ta ask Congress for authority to negotiate this loan for the next fisca year, as it I honed that Ihe loan esked for tho remainder of -i - . .. I .U..I I... II!. Icontrihutlens which mav bo collected in no nmrni fiscal vrar. aiuru uv imiiiarv .Mexico, may le lulCcient. If, contrary io my expectttion, there should bo neces. sity for it, tho Tact u ill be communicated to Congress in time for their action during (he present session, in no event win a sum exceeding 0,000,000 of thi amount "" w-.ru UIU. ..." ..... . . sion of Congress in lrcembcr, I99, The act of the ."Will of July. 1818, re. ducing the duties on imports," hat bean in force since the 1st of December last; and I am entitled to stato that all the bencd. cial ctTccts which wero anticipated from its operation have been fully realised. The public revenue derived from customs du rinir the vear endins on the 1st of Decem ber, 1047, exceed by more than 8,000,. 000 the amount received in the preceding year under the operation of the act of 1842, which was superseded ana repealed bv It. Its effect are visible in the crest ami alnwwf nnpssmnlMl nmsnerilv which prevails in every branch 01 Dunnes. White the repeal of the prohibitory and restrictive duties of the act of 1843, and the substitution in their place of reasons, bte revenue rates levied on articles Im parted accordine to their actual value, has increased tho revenue and augmented our foreign trade, all the great interests of the country have been advanced and promoted The urea! and important Interest of as "riculture, which had been not only too much neglected, but actually taxed under rr interests, have been relieved or the bur. den which that policy imposed on them; and our farmer and planter, under a more just and liberal commercial policy. are finding new and profitable market abroad lor their augmented product. Our commerce is rapidly increasing, and is extending more widely tho circle of international exchanges. Ureal as has been tho increase of our Imports during the psxt year, our exports of domestic p.o. ducts sold in foreign mtrkcts havo been still greater. Our navigating interest is eminently prosperous. Tho number of vessel built in the United .States has been greater than uring any preceding period ot equal leiiKth. I.nrco profit havo been derived by those who have constructed a well as mcrciinni .csscis no progressive, and bo as crcut for the future as durinc tho past S" ' that of any other nation in the world. Whilst Ihe interests of agriculture, of commerce, ami 01 navigation, havo been enlarged and int Igoratcti, it i highly gra. ")' loobseno that our insnufoctures t,e m,,n n prosperous conditicn. None of tho ruinous effect upon this Interest which were apprehended by some, as tho result ofthc operation of tho revenue ays. tern established by tho act of 1846, hato been experienced. Un tho contrary, the number of manufactories, and the amount of capital invested in them, is steadily and rapidly Increasing, affording gratifying proofs that Amoritan rnterpriso nd skill employed in thi branch of domedio In lus'y, with no other adtantages than thWi fairly and Incidentally accruing from n just system of rovenuo duties, are abun dantly able, to meet successfully all com petition from abroad, and still derive fair and remunerating profits. While, capital Invested in manufacture it yielding adequato and fair profits under tho new system, tho wage or labor, whe ther cmployoa in manufactures, agrioul luro, commerce, or navigation, havo been augmented. The toiling mlllUt, whose daily labor furnlshet the supply of food ' -v,'i'l ,)x5i "IM, VftMMMt Ml Ml IM HMMMMMI MM ooiatanaaf lift, art fMatvhtg Mgbar a. get, aat Mr Heady aad ptrmanatH tin. Soy met, than la any other oouatry, or at any previous period of our ovavUttory . Bo tucceasftil have been all branohet of our Induttrji that a foreign war, which generally dimttltMr the resource or a nation, baa In no tjtteedlal degree retard, ed our onward progre,or checked our general prosperity. With tuch gratifying evidences ofpro. parity, and of tho successful operation of the revenue act of IMS, every contld. eration of publlo policy recommend that it ahall remain unchanged. It I hoped that the ayttem of impost dulie which it established may be regarded a the per manent policy of the country and that the great interest alTccted by it may not a. gain bo subject to be injuriously diturled, at they have heretofore been, by frequent and sometimes sudden change. For the purpose of incrcasini! the reve. nue, and without changing or modifying tho rate imposed by the act of IHttt, on tho dutiable articles embraced by II pro visions, I again recommend to your (atom Me consideration the expediency of levy. Ing a revenue duty on tea ami ecflee. The policy which exempted these article Irom duty during peace, and when tin revenue to be derived from them was not needed, cease to cxitt when tho country I engaged In war, and require tlm use of an it available resource, it Is a tax which would bo so generally dltTusctl at mong tho people, that it would bo loll op pressitelyby none, and bo complained of by none. It i believed that there are not ,..,,-, a ,, ,., in tholUt of Imported articles, any which are into properly the subject of war du. llos, tlian tea anuconcc. It iscslimatetl that three million ofdol. lar would be derived annually by a mod. erato duly imposed 00 tlieso aruclrs. Should Congrets avail itself of this ad. ditional source of rcrenue, not only Mould the amount q( the publlo loan rendered necessary hy tho war with Mexico be tli. ininishrd to that extent, but the public crcdil.and the public confidence In tho a. bilily and determination of the govern- ment to meet all its engagement prompt, ly, would be more firmly established, and ' tbo reduced amount or the lean w rucli it mayflie necessary to negotiate could prob. ably be obtained at cheaper rates. Congress it therefore called upon tn de termine whether it i wiser to Iniioe the war duties recommended, or, by nmittim; Io do to, increase the public debt annually , three million of dollars so long as loans hall be required to prosecute tho war, ami afterward provide, in some other form, to pay the semi-annual interest upon it, and ultimately to extinguish the princi pal. If, In addition to these duties, Con gnat should graduate and reduce the price of tuch of the public lands as ex perience hat proved will not command the prices placed upon them by the govern ment, an additional annual income to tho treasury of between half a million and n million of dollars, it is estimated, would bo derived from this source. Should bold measures receive the sanction of Congress, the annual amount of the public debt ue. ceaaarv In Im rAntrartsrl durlnir tho ron. tinuance of tha war would be reduced .... ... MM , .. near lour minion 01 aotiare. inonutics recommended to be levied on tea and cof fee, it Is proposed shall bo limited In their duration to the end of tho war, and until the publfo debt rendered necessary to Ik contracted by II shall be discharged. The amount of the public debt to bo contracted should be limited to the lowest practical turn, and mould be extinguished as tail) after the conclusion of the war as the means of the treasury will permit. With tlds vlow, it l"Tccominended that, at soon as the war shsVJ Ijo over, all the surplus In the treasury noVneeded for nth cr indispensable object, niall constitute a sinking fund awl bo appllcHjo tlio pur. chase of the funded debt, and that author. ity be conferred by law for that purpose. The act of tho 6th of August, 1840, "to cttablith a warehousing system," has been in operation more Shan a year and k....Ji . 1. - tm ...... .,;.;t:..'... L theiaritTaclofl948,ln augmenting the revenue and extendins tho commerce of Ihocountry. WhUst It tended to enlarce v. . . . .. f commerce, it has been bencfic a to nur ' .. .... . mnnufacturcs. by ilmnishns forced ssrs .1 .-llnr.r Cklnn n,wl. , lnu, nri,.n. to raise the duties to bo advanced on Ihem and by checking fluctuations in tho mn mnr rdbv x, ,.. Kct. the system lliouch sanction' iiiu rjaMJcririica ui uu crcMuinriL'i. wm rii. s.a.A.BB..i r .. si. ... . ..a : . ... liroly now in the United .States, and is sus. .mIM. nrimnm.emeni In ,,n ,.r !,. fl .... ' ' I provision. The Secretary of the Trcns. ury, upon whom was dnvolvod largo ills, crrtlon'ary power in carrying ihi, meature Into cftoel. hat co ecled. nnd Is now t.,1 lecting, the practical remit nf tho system Inoth rcounlricwhWrcl. I... long' be,,, cilabll.hcd.and will report at an early pc. riotl of our aession uch further reguln. liont tuggestrd by tho invratigalion, ns may rrnaor 11 11111 more eticclivo and beneficial. Hy the act to "provide for the better or. ganizatlun of Iho treasury, and for tlio collection, tafe kerplnir, and disbursement of the publio revenue," all bank wen: discontinued as fitcal agent of tho gov. e-rnment, and the paper currency Issurd by them wat no longer permitted to be re ceived in payment or publio duet. The constitutional treasury created bv thi act went into operation on the 1st nf January last. ' Under tha system cstah. I i tiled by it, the publio monies havo been collected, safely kept, and disbursed by the d I root agenoy of officers of tlm gov. ornmtnt In gold and'silver; and transfers of Urge amounts havo been made from point of collection to pointt of disburse. mto'i without any lost to tho treasury, or '"J"' Incoovtoienca to the trade of the country. While the (Ucal operation of the nov. ernment have been conducted with mou. amy ami ease, uiiucr litis system, 11 liar had a salutary ellecl in checking mid pre venting an undim iiillntlun of tho p.ipc currency Issued by the hank which exist unJorASlnto rhartors. Keiiiirliig ni it dues, all dues to the Koveriimeut to If paid Ingold ntul silter, lis ellecl Is to rri. train exeetsitn iues nf bsnk pnper ) the bank diminrtiiii to the Hi'io in their vaults, for tho n an that llicv nro st rail timrs liable In Ihi called on by tho hold. eroi iin-ir note lor their nnlt'iiiption, in onler to ohialn sHvio lor the paviiunt of duties and other puhlio due. Tin' banks, thereiiirt', must keep their liiiBiuess within prudent limits ami ho hIh) in n coudi lion to meet siithmll, or luti tli" hurunl of being i'nmH'lled to iiin ud speriopat. mi'llt', and l tliiTrln illni 11 dlid I'll" nniouiil of ajx't'io impiitiil into the I 111 led Males duriui; the List li-o.il unr i, '.'l.l'.'l.'-li, of who h then-was mtaiii ed III the ooiuitr) '.".VJ'it.lTO. 1 l.t-l the former Im.ineinl sMi m in .ul. .1 11 ud tho Ittlhlio iiioiiik Ih'cii nl.ii'nl on ih'iilo in tanks, nearly the whole of this 11 nut would hate cono into their aull, not to Ik- thrown (ni ociri'iihitmii 1.) them, hut tn no niuuieiii irom ine nniiils ni Hie ixopie as a ciirreuct , and in.i.l.' the husis of m-w and ennrninus issues nf hunk pinr. A large proportion ol tho p-iio iuipirled has hcen paid into the trcusur for puhlie dues j nil. I nller hntiug U'lii.tnu great! The nttentinn nf Congress was invited, client, re coined nl the Hunt, h.is .ei 11 p.ud l tlnir lnl nnd ll.o preceding session, to out to I lie pullu! creditors, and gnuc imnMhe importance nf establishing 11 territorial circulation usa currrne iimmiil' the in.i. I iincriiinrnt uer our hmi'muiis in Urrge;,, ,,,,. -pi,,, ,, f u.,t, mi, U,. I ,. ; r,.t. i.-.. renin " ' ' '" '" v "nni, 11 wiLii ,(,., Bt any firmer p.r.-l. ( .,.,. lM1l1 ,, ,),,.1 ( suill,( ,, ,,v u, oonsiiintion.il trtuut has Im 11, thus i".u. larger eminently successful 111 ilsi cr.ili.ins; ninl to all us e I rcciniimcml nn ailheri-nci iseimal pmtisious, un.l esc,ully t.i that .vital pruw.U'ii whuh win 11 v veju'rans the 'p eminent from all lonnixion with hanks and exclude lank paper I10111 nil rce nue receipts. 1 . f j,, ,. , uti , ,v.,t 11U. ,j. . ,.rui.n ,irillulp(, ,10 ,., ,icf( ,.,,., UI , r,.(1ri. ,A,ii,-aiioii. 'h.-... de fects, and such umeiidue nts ns an- deem. cdncccMnrv. wcn-Mtfi.rlh in lh.- last uu. liunl rep rt'of tho S-rrelarv nl' lh- Tiim surv. These ainenliueiita'i.r ngsm rcc umuiended to Ihe end) uud f.u..r.iWc 11m. .ulerntloii of Congress. 11 1 .... . ., ...iiiii in.- i'.i-u -irfi uir 1 'il ni'i n 11 ...:...... 1 ... 1 .... .1 1 1 ....... 1, mi, uiiii !-. iii,iii.-ii , mis ,'AI'C, ijeil o i,. 1)0,000. This has cmisistnl elm II v m iiincrtuig tin- nuns ol lorcign countries into American cdiii. I The laru'est aiivinil of fireign coin im. I ported has bos 11 receited at New York,! and if a branch mint were established nl that city, all the fireien coin receiied at' that port rouhl at once lie converted into our own coin without th cxpensr, risk, and Jelay of transporting it to tin, mint fur that purpose, and the aumunt rccuined would be much larger. Kxpcn'enco has prut ed that fori ign coin and especially foreign gold com, will nut circulstccxteiisiti.lv as a eiirrenev aiiHinu "' people Tbo important incnsute of, 1 ''Xb tiding our specio ciirreiicv. IjOth of ' -"'' nld silver, and of ilillusiug it among , ll.A ...r...tA ... ....!.. 1 . . .e . I I . Ihe people, can only Im cllV-ctril hv centcrliug such foreign enin into Amor, ieati coin. I repit tho ricomiiieii. dull 111 contained in my Im annual mes. age for tli" cstnMishni nt of n branch of tli' mint of the I'liilcd Stales ut the til) of New- York. All tho puhlio lauds which hid been surt ) til and were rcud) fnr'm.irkrl hnt hem prnelaimeil fur su'le durini; the past ! year. I liusiiiity nlTernl up, I to ! of 'red Inr na lujiler proclamation i-sud MlirethP 1st of JMiiiurt list, uuiiilliits in 0,i:w,5:'l acri. .,ni-priisM.riiy nf the western stati s nnd .rriimis 111 which tin so lands lie will l- adtaiieed by llieir sjneily.ale. Ily uiihh'diling thuii from ulation would Ik- rtlunleil, while (li'iiisand ' of our enterprisi'ig ninl uk riturious froti. ! iiiiiiM-i, iiieirKrowiu and inureas" 01 11011, lll!r l'l'"la,iu ''ld Ik- d pnted of the opriorluniiy of mcuiiiki fru holds fur '"." I; 'd their fiwul,, a. t ,,!. , 1"";1"" ''l? general 1 'insider.itii.tn win. h '""h"'1 lin "' wl" 'f this.; lumlt tirnnns it is rt-s I) n. it. I a. I . i" ( : " "-j-cim iiiisiimi' l.il.. r..nnln..... u.. . II . "-" a- p wiiiie irnm "US kOliri'l', Ulel IIIIIH lllllllllisll. III n, ,,. , ibis sour iiree, and thus iliiuiuisli, hy tlm I n. , , tho mil. In: I, mn lenilen .1 1,... , .-, mount, thi r)' '' tli- r xnstencc i.f a llireign war. 'J'' estimnltd thnt um .-s thnu len millions of ncr.kof ihe puhli. lauds will riitiiK.113 f.i imri l .i si... !' it- iniiriit iiii tii h .. ' ' Mirieyrii ami ! in n innilitnui mbe tiroclaiuieil for sale dim.,., il,., v, nr i ..is In ,v las, annual .- .,. nted tho rinsnns uhich, Jn my , ,,.,en. nn. - Wed i, proper to gr..iiuJ...t,,,l ,. ,Z, ill)' lirico I.f Slllll III' tho nuhlio lumls n t ,. nrici- f smh ,,( il,., ,...l.l, l,.,l. n. hato nui'ilucd unsold lor long iM-rind nf- J r they had I.e., mlcrcl forsuloa, pub. Ho auction. , ,,. , , I !!. Hmno di preihiliuni woro commit. Aluri)' millions Of OCres Of lUlhllt! Illlllls.ir.l .Inri,,,, ,i, i,,,. v,r lil.m nur Irnllis V.. uiii.in !,.. n.ii.,.r. ..rt ,.r,t.. ' "n " r 1 I i 1 ncs.eni Muni, nun. i in .men n in nn'iM, Wt ill llio Wlktelll llontlor ul Mil market, nm. been kiiI.jii t In sale nt pritute ' in try lor ui'irti limn twnuy tiurn, nm largoijiianlilits for morn thuiilfiirty years nt iho lowest prico proscribed bv ll.o txi.t. i..,. im..u ..,i 1. i...- i.... e.. .,,..i ii.h .1 -- " ".., "' .y n iiiililary lori'e, iirdernlnut lor Iho pur- will not co.uiiiuiid that pneo. IhoymiiM .,, HninoDiiirugej huto been pcrpelra. renialii untold and unciillital. d for 1111 in. ., U) KII,il)rl , t( arlli.weaitorii bands definite period, mill a the pr,., , eu.nndi .(,, ,, titakur uud coiiiimialively do. or iiiem uy 1 no governmeu! mull no re duced, Nn satisfactory renvn ii nercei veil why they should bo longer In Id nl rates ulxivo llieir real vulite. At (ho prea. cut period nn udditional rensou c.vltn for adopting tho mensiirn ricoiiimciiiled, When tho rnuutry Nrngugril in n fur. ciern war. and wo mutt nee.istnrllv run to loans, it would w cm to bo tho dictate of wisdom that wo should avail mirsclto of all our resources, and thus limit Ihn o. mount of the publio indebtedness to the lowest possible sum. I recommend that tho existing U on thotubjnet ufpro-empllon right uoimtod. ed and uwdlilud so as to nperaln prospect, ivuly, and to entbrace all who may stttln iihii the publlu lauds mid makft Improve, mollis upon them hcloro they nro survey ed, as u ell as alWnard, In all ease lierisueli settlement limy bo inadn tiler tho Indian title s-linll hatu kin rMlugulih- lftlieii;htiirpro.emptloiibethui extend. ed it will I'lnhriuv n Imgo nod meritorious class of our oill.t'iii. It will luureau) tlm iiiiiiiIht of small ftcohotdoM iini our bor der, "ho III Im inaldi'd thereby to edll cnto thiir children, and iillioruise'liiinmvn ihrir eondllloii, uhllo thoy bo louiid at all times, as they lumi ever proved iheiiiM'ltes to Ik in tho hour ofdanger to their rounlry.iimxng nur luirdiest and lest tolunleer Mildier, crr read In lender 1 tit-1 r mtmcis hi rmfi nf etiiergenuy, and ji; tin- lii.'it lolcmr Ino lielil as long as Ian 1 ni'iii) ri'iiiams In he cnonuiituri'ii. j Sin li a .lie n ill iilMiimiiress these patri. ,ntir iioi. 1T1 iinriiutn Willi deeper feelilik's of uiulilud" lor ill'- int. Timl cure ofthelr I p eminent, when Ihev l1ud their dearest uili tests Mt-urnl lothenilij thnermaiiciit I.iws of Ihe lund.au I that they are no loll ei r ei r in d.iuuer ol I iug their hiues and h.ir.l earin d linpr itiinriits by iM'iug i.'iupetitioii with a more s ni purLliau-rs ut tho land , hmuglit uiln wealthy iht sales. 1 iiii.I it is to In regretted that there was no , legislation on the suliji'it Our citizens 1 leuisiuiinil I'll llir llini'Ll V'lll Vlli , mlul.it 1h.1i distant ngion ofcou . nI , ,, r, ,,. ul lllp I)ro,rc,i() o ; In", or any r pularly iirgauUed go country 1 our covern- moni. ii mr -...c iiucsiioii 01 limn anil 1 lnuudiries -.' the terntJry ofOrcgon was ,d fiiuinc'y settled, from the necessity of lh i: itindilinii, lie iiihnbitaiits had estuh I lishcd a tcmpirary e-ncriiinriit of their ji"wn. Itesidcs tlm want of legal authority inr routimimgihr gnu ruuiiut, it is wholly uu.hi,intc m pmt. ,t them intlnir rights ' nl-r. m I prnpeity, or to secure In them 1 ' "J '" ul nl lh" pnnleg.s of other . ''l'"'". '" wh h tin y nro ninth d under 1 '"" v-oii.iiiution -u 1110 1 mien males , l'l" 1""11'1 '"l"' ,,,c "K''1 "' ll,rr''!,. '" " l,rr'" ","1 '" u '' rf"l""1 ' K'stature. and I '' a ''' '' Knl (V"r' " ","1 -" 'be lights nnl pritibgrs which citUrns '"Inth-r poilHMii n the territories nf the . , 1 01 1 1 . 1 .. ..I 1 I uileil r-lules ise In retiiljro eiiinyeil i In re tnljrc enjoyed, ir ma now 1 1 1 1 . . Ihirju heml system, riwunn laws, laws rcuuliiliug trade and lut -nurse with the Indian tribes, and Ihe prot'ctinti ofi.ur laws geucrnlly, thuuld lie ettcndeil nut them lit ml. hlii 111 to tlm iiihubiluiils in that ti r ritnr) who had prevmusly eimgraird to it, larKeiiiiiiiliers of our citizi us havo follow ed them dining the present year ; and II is not doubtful thul during tho next and sub. sentient tears their numbers will be great. ly increntcil Congnim, nt its last w stum, established , post routes li ailing tn Oregon, mid between ,ilitr..i nt noints within that territory, and autho-ised the establishment of post oihees at "Astoria ami such other nlacesiiu the Pacific, within lh tetritorv nflho United ... . .1 .11 . . ' . - I Dimes, as ine puuiic iiucn ; may re iiiire." I'ust.iiHiccshatenenrili.igly been 'established, di put) mstliiastcrs Uimilitiil, ' uud protisiuii made lor the transmrtalicu 1: the mails. I 'i'ho presi rtatmn f pnacc with the In dull Irilxs ri'ldlllg west uf I ho llucky louutaius will riiidtr it proper tli.it nu thniitt thiuiM I gitin liy luw for the an uutiii'iit ulan adiiinte nuiiibcruflndia'i ag' t t reside among llieiii I ricoimiiiiiil that u btirte)nr-gi ucrul's I'llicn hn estnhlislicd in that tcriildry, nnd thnt Ihe tuihlio luiuU ho surtcyed and brniiiiht into miirkct at an eailv pcriel. I rrcniumrnd, nlsolhal grants upon libe. r.il ti rms, of limited iiiaiititics of the 1111b. lie lands ho undo In all c'ili.eiis of tl.o Uni. led Stalris who lntei migrated, or who mat hereafter wiililn a presurila d period eini. fram In t Iregon, ami stlllu usm Ihem. .Theto hardy and adventiiroiiscilijten who hute encountere.l t he dsngors and priva. """ "f ' l"g "d luilwmo journey, and hate M length louml nn abiding plnoo Tor I....ls..iisiiilll.i,irrisiiilliiwlllafsll1lllllll .....'... .-......., ..,. ...-...--... - , ..,., ,,i niesirvnt ................ T.. .... Inr. llt,llttf..lllllllll lift 'til till. Illll' il.n.,1 . .. .11 m.i .. ,K.- .,.. ...,..... ,......-, .. - -mured 111 Iho homes tvliitlitlio) natc im- nrnti d hv rinir lalsiur. - f Oil till III Illll IIUIIH-S HllltlllllO) lia. - I rufer yuu In iho nccuminiiting rr(K)rt "Hhi-.Sieritaiy of War for n iKlailei, no - ,"""1 "f ,l' "l'"",,, "J ""' variou .... . . "'."""V" , '". ' ' " , t i.i... 'with lliii department under Im charge. 1. I .... ..11.. .in ir rtf HIi ffitllli I'iril VM TJXl1. T ,, i """""' "",;"', TV J U '" " .''"".. ','.' '?.', .lL" I. . " hUU - .' """," .... ? . . ,. ,., I'uiilliu relulions t'uiiliniio to exist Willi '", ,?" "" "'T V ZZiA ..f ihV.I .1 . .. . 1.. 1' 1. .. 1 ..r .i.. . :... . T. .. .'. , ',".,'" ..'.:. iruus oniu snpjiiits inr ine iirmyi on inn Mlll um Santa I't K Uu,n , rn , , ,,.. ,, ,,rrM.ncB 0f ... A y j . I'ciivclcsxiicigbnriiigtrihcH, I'rompt meas ures were taken to pruvont such occcurron 1:1 h in future. Ilelwuii mm und tun thousand Indian belonging losetnriil tribes, havo been re mot 1 d during tint y cur from tlm cast of Iho Mississippi io tho Louutry allotted to thorn west of that river, ns their permanent home ; and erraiige'iner.ti liatnhccii mado for others Io follow. Sinco Iho treaty oi'lt40wllh thoChoro. keea, the feuds among them nppear to have subsided, and Ihey have become more unl- BWHtrWHKHS Ud a&d contrntrd than they have been for many ytara past, TlieeommlMloncrs, p pointed In pursuance ol tho net of Juno 1l7lli,' 1947, to settle rlnlius prising oul of tho treaty of tri:i.V:m with tint trite hmo executed their duties, and after a patient Investigation, and a full and fnircanmlnn Unit of all Ihe rases brought before them, closed their labours in the month ol July last. Tills Is Ihe fourth board of unmiiiis. slonots which has been orgnnlsid undi r this treaty. Ampin opKiilunIly hnsheiu afforded Io all llioio lulerested In tiling for wardlheirclaims. Nodoiihl Is entertain ed thai impartial justice has been dune hy the lain board, and dial all t nlnl clnims em braced by llietrealv hMi hem eoiisldend and allowed. This result, and iho liunl sellleinent IiiImi made with ihislriho, uudei the treaty of iHlfl, which will l (omiln ted ami laid before you dm lug our session, will adjust til questions of cwilmwin Im Iweeu Ihem ami the t'lillid Kinds, ami pnxluen a state of relations wuhihriu sun d, wvll.dejned, and satisfai nuy tllllor tfio disori lionnrv nnllifitili ion ferred I Ihe act of the il.l of Man h last, , tin) iiliniiiliesduoln tlm tarmus tul.i hnto I imoii pa. during Ihepriseiil yisr in tlm I head ol Ijinillns, inslend of in lli.'ir 1 hiifs, or such iversous st thev miehl d. sicnut. as iritilieil by Ihe laws piciinusly i-mh lug Tills mode of pnymiiit has gmu gerersl satisfaction to tlm ;rint I -1 1,1" I,. Indians Justice bus Ikiii ilmie in ihi in, and tho) are giateful tn the cuictiniuiil for il. A few chiefs and lulticstnl pr sons may nhject Io this uio.le nl'p nirni, hut it is believed to be the mil) moli-iif presenting fraud and iinpisiiiin limn Ik ing prsuliseil upill llin great lodv iifcuii mon Indians, constituting tlm iiiujuiit) of all tlio tribes. Il isgrstifyiug tit (lercihe that u 1,11111 ler of ilia tribes hare ricrully tuaiutestid an increased interest in tha rMiihlishuu-ui of schools among them, and me mskinc ripld xdtrances In agricuttun -"ine nl them producing 1 utricieiit quantity uff.od fur their upKit, and in sunn' 1 a n -ur plus In disfiose uf tuih'ir nigh!.is 'I'll., comloitshy which Ihose win hii- rm-i ted eieii a very limited rdui nti u ami hateeiigugtd iliagnculliire, un surr.tiii,. ed, lend gradually toilim. , Ifiln ir less ihiliriil lirelhini frum lh- jr.. in us means nf suUistencr In Ihe 1 hat', to tlm habits uf labor andcitiliratiui The aciniupaii) nitf n rt . 1 il 1 S, , ie. lar) if tin- .Nii prrs, un ,1 mi-'j.i,,-, and grutif)iii- ut t unlit ni id. 1 p.i.i , i, and iptitjlimsuf the natal r .luiu the past year. Cur tnuiieiie li,i- I,. , 11 puisucd with men osr.l a. 'n.;v. nn.l u, li safi ly uud sueri ss, in t i iiiiin,-i ,.- Kiun,. iniin-r ni" pniieein 11 ! .iir lli.a. whuh the list) has cans, il n 1 ed ill the must distant seas. In the ti'ulf nf Mexun, ninl tin '. i,,-, lh" utficer.s ninl inrii nfmir vjiiu.Ii, nslnii. ili9playrdditiuguislitdeni:aiiirt,aiiil r firmed tnliul.ta senilis nu tin Inn. I us will as on wutir, and desene tin Ih.Ii coiniiiriuljii'iii of the cumin While other mainline mu, is ,irr a I I Ing 111 llmr natii a Inrgr uunih. rs i.f mn attaint rs.il was a ttnc (mint nu nni pan ii make similar adJilimis 'in i.urunit The four war steamers nutlmn-i .1 In Hi,. aitof tho n-lnf .Mnteh. h7 are in 1 ur... 1 of cniistruelioii. I II,.. in auiiiiion In the lour war tleninerB nu thuns'-il I.) ,lt u, t, tlio S i-rrlart l lh Nat) hu in pursuniice ol Us piiitisi i.-, entered into innlructs lur the nxistim 11 ,1 of lite teamers, tn he mpl m i IM il ,. traiissiiutiiui nfihe I'luii it .Sim, s nm I "fcom New York tn .im Dili an, t, , tug nt Chaili ston.Satniiiiuh. un.l 1 Lit . n. and from llnt.inn to Chagrin , lurlhu.' sleamrrs to Im tuipl.iy i .1 1,1 like muiiii. r ' uect witii lie mini from Hmuoa t., I In ruin iiitiaiua to 1 in-giui, M, ns I, grr, across tho isihmiis ; ' and r ,, I steamers tn bo (iiiiihitid 111 lit., umiii.i r inuil .suss- IIUK III l.ltellHs, II..... .1 .11 1.. ,1 '. .. . 1, minif '.,11 in. um UOi itt III 111!' tin. Irac' , but are In Im l.uilt "iiiiili r Ihe mi I- .londc m e und iliri 1 lion Tn nnt nl , n. Urucloriiillioempliiyofihe.N'iit) Il ,an incut, and in l so musiruUei! u n. m, dcr Ibcin tontcrllbln nt tin. ,. .,,, exiiensa intu war stcnini rs nf tin 1,11 da... .. . , , A prescribed number of int.,1 r iHters, ns well a a pott.ofli.-e ng. ut, nn- to I ,. ,, laflfinl lf ihsitsi n .l . . I. ...... ,.-v ,t,, ,,,-,,, , nl, llln(, , -exerclso iiintrol oter the Hmui ships," I and "Io havo tho riulit" .'in iL.. il c. rarmsu tllllirf.l tho rxclusite uso nud sertico ei the I m. , led Hlte" "upon making propi-rrninp. i, Milan to this roiiirai K.ri Hum Inr." aa. .. . - ' IVIill.l tl...... a- I . ,s s .1 i T "'"m-vup, wm i... ,.,. doyrd In traniporlini; ihn m.nl, f , i- I !!!!' ,.? ","1 '" f"r,,'' ' ' " ' . ' 7 "" """u",1 '"'"p nwtii.ii tn be pan) I '1 ! ""''""'A1'' w'" '"' 'I1" ) ' " -'') 1 1 " "V, ,- H'"") nuuiriiiK II, In 1,11 converted into wnr.Miximri.: nml il.e ni.i.i """ 7 s-...vrBcnoy riu.iiring it, 1 .. .... . I,-- " , '".'l",.T ,r""'"" !' I t.flhi descripllon of our i.,m,Vn.ri e ''n ll. .ln,n., il.... ....I . .""""7 " ".' "" "nii.ri traois inaao by tlio Hecn lary nf the Nm v snouiu un tuned live other steamers uu Ih(ined under conlraels mndo in purtu. anooof law by tbo I'oslmatler.li. 11. ml. making an addition, In tho whole, of H war.sleamor, subject to be lukcn for puh. lie use. As further contract for the tram. portallon of Ihn mull to foreign countries may bo authorised by Congress, this num. bor may bo enlarged indefinitely. , Tlio enlightened icy hy which u ra. pld communication with tho tnrious parts nf Iho globo Is established, bv menus of. American. built ana sleumerN,' would find an ample reward in Ihn incn nun of our commerce, end in making our country nil its resource mom fiivorahly known a. broad) but Ihn national nilvniitnun Is siilt grrator, of having our unvnl oflicera mudo familiar with tlenm navigation j and of Having mo privilege or taking tho ships already equipped for immediate servlco at a moment! notice ; tnd will be cheaply W.(iri,sSa.iiJ4v ( str' . . JUa-Af 1 , A tf W isSA.