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About The Corvallis gazette. (Corvallis, Or.) 1862-1899 | View Entire Issue (March 21, 1895)
V V GENERAL BOOTH ON DARKEST NEW YORK The Salvation Army's Commander Writes of Our Poverty and Crimes, Tramps and Millions, . 20,000 ACRES FOR A DARKEST AMERICA COLONY. His Napoleonic Scheme for Peopling the Country from the Cities, with Farms and Plenty of Work, Thus Making Good Citizens of Bad Ones. The N. Y. World has asked me to write my Impressions of "Darkest New York." I had almost promised myself not to make any extended re marks upon a country or city of which I have seen so little, but although I , have not with my own eyes beheld ell the conditions, all the environ ments of the men who work for a living in New York or in America, I have had the advantage of other peo ple's eyes and ears. Necessarily what I have to say will be very disjointed and disconnected, for the thoughts which arise are so manifold that I must put them down as they occur to me or I will lose them. There is a Darkest New York. There is a Darkest America. It is not the same in appearance as Darkest England or Darkest London, but it is essentially the same. Human nature is the same here; there is the same Infusion of Anglo Saxon blood: All that is different is the mere outward look of things. Here in New York the multitudes live in tall structures much more crowded together than in London, but there is the' same poverty, the same crime. Poverty begets crime, crime begets poverty. It is the revolving wheel. WE ARB GOING DOWNWARD. Here In New York It seems to me that civilization is gliding beautifully : on an incline. The people dream they are going upward. They are really going downward at fearful speed. The same tendency of the people from the country to hurry towards the. great cities prevails here as in Eng land. The land which they cannot make pay when cultivated will bring forth a large harvest of les miser Abies. ' It need not be in a hurry. There is smoke a good while before there is soot New York occupies the same posi tion to America as London does to England. Its conditions are the con ditions that will be common to the rest of the country by and by. You - are in advance of other American cities; you are further down the in- "clined plane. - .From what I can learn the condi tion of the poor people Is not much better, if any better, than in England. We multiply pounds by five to make dollars when we translate our money Into yours, but that is not quite cor rect, for $5 will not buy as much as one pound when you come to consider clothing, medicine, house rents and all the little necessities of life. Also, there are other things .which one lacks In America which money cannot buy. The poor do not have the pri vacy here in their littl homes. But the conditions are essentially the same. You find the "submerged," you find those who are not submerged who have to work for their bare liv ing from early in the morning into the night. . A MILLION TRAMPS. You have the sweat shops as Lon don has. You have the tramps. They say you -have a million tramps. That is a great many. I fear nobody knows how many there really are. But a tramp is a man. Calling him an ob jectionable name does not excuse one's self of the responsibility for liv ing in the same society in which he lives. There he is. He is a man, an un redeemed soul, and of greater value than all material creation. You have here the Darkest New York, besides your tramp population, the criminals, gamblers and all who live by the vices and infirmities of others; here they procreate and in crease like vermin, I was going to say. This is just as it is in Darkest England in the east side of Darkest New York as well as In the east end of Darkest London. IS THERE NO WAY OUT? Is there a way out for the sub merged and the half-submerged here, as in England? Yes, I propose a way out the only way that I can see. The socialism of Mr. Bellamy or of any other socialist Is an angelic plan of government for angelic men. New Yorkers are not angels any more than Londoners are. I am free to say that some of them are very near it, for I have been most kindly treated here. Henry George's plan I know of. I am very fond of Henry George, pos sibly because he is fond of me. He is right when he says that the land question is at the bottom of all this trouble and misery, but I don't see how he can bring himself to propose tne connscation of land. Here is a widow, and children to whom property is left her. He would have the state x take it. It may be I do not state this proposition correctly. I am a busy man. . But they say these people who find it so difficult to live are persons of defective organization. Their frames are feeble; their teeth are bad; tneir . eyes are defective; they are scrofu lous, consumptive, born thieves and rascals. So much the more they call for the effort of the strong, the healthy, the clever, those whose teeth and eyes are sound they are the ones who should help the aged, the weak and the un fortunate those whose environment and companionship have made them, if I may use the expression, inferior beings. It is possible to do this at a profit. You stingy souls, perhaps thjs will induce you to try to like your fellow nien. HIS ENGLISH EXPERIMENT. I have spent 100,000 at Hadley, England that is half a million dol lars, as I reckon it for the redemp tion of 500 or 1,000 men. This will pay, not counting the redemption of the men, a profit of from 3ya to 44 per cent. Land that cost $00 an acre four years ago sells for ? 1,200 an acre cow, I know because I had to buy some re- "- hrrviw immense sums of money to wage war. You yourselves, who are at peace with the world and have not had a war for thirty years and may not have one for thirty years more, are spending millions upon a navy. You do that to protect your property. You argue that, even as insurance upon the commerce and the property of your seacoast towns, it is money saved rather than money spent. Why should you not spend money to save money to " defend your gov ernment, your society, against your expensive paupers and criminals? The costliness of thievery, who can estimate it? How many women have their purses stolen and never dare tell Iheir husbands? How many things are stolen which are never re ported to the police or never recov ered? Or, if they are recovered, who shall estimate the loss in time and expense? COST OF CRIME AND MISERY. Add to these the cost of the whole criminal system, the wages of crimi nal judges, the fees of juries, the money paid to attorneys, the wages of police, of prison officials, the up keep of jails, reformatories. Now, when you cannot only save this loss, but make it a paying investment, why should it not be considered seriously? You have hospitals here. If a man falls and breaks his legs, yon take him to one, even if the fall is the re sult of his own bad conduct. He may have been drunk at the time; still you take him to the hospital. Why should there not be a hospital for a man when be has fallen and broken his nature, his will? You have prisons hospitals that don't heal. You break the man's will, and leave it as limp as a rag. The first man he meets coming out of jail leads him straight off in mischief. Government should take him and say: "uo you want to work very- good, you shall work. You shall earn your living. Oh, you don't want to work? But you shall work, anyhow." Then turn him over to the Salvation Army, to the Darkest America. refor mation plan, which very likely - will be started here on ' similar lines to those the Salvation Army has stirred up in other parts of the world. SAVING A GIRL FOR ?16. Will it pay? We can save a girl for $16. That is counting all wreck age. We do this . without legislative help. Those we have saved are repay ing what they have cost. We keep them for three years, and after they have been with us so long and are tested, the past is buried and forgot ten, and they jr out into the world, nobody knowing their history, and be come wives and mothers, beautiful women, for they are saved souls. The scheme for men will pay its own way. I said to his excellency the governor of Canada: "You want immigration. You want a simple peasantry, who will be attached to the soiL You want people not to become pressmen, law yers and doctors, not too proud to work for a living, but men who have a stake in the country. I will bring yqu people who are tested. I will not ask you any fees to induce them to come. They will be men of two classes, those who have been sub merged and those who were never submerged, but have been chained to the wheel earning $3 or $4 a week." In one of the prisons I went into here there were 640 men locked up. They cost the state $120,000 per an num to keep. Each man got about a pound of beefsteak a day. I said to myself: "I can get thousands of peo ple who will commit any reasonable crime for the sake of being fed like that." Give me those people and I will not only save the money but save the men. WAY TO REFORM CRIMINALS. These are the hospitals which don't heaL I have been in prisons in this country where the governors, or what ever you call them here, were respect ful to the prisoners, bowed to them, saluted them, treated them as equals. This was to build up their self-respect and manhood. ,. I wouldn't do so. I would make them smart. I would say: "Oh, what a scoundrel you are! You want to be made over; you are a sinner. But His blood can make the vilest clean; His blood avails for you; now you've got a chance to make a man of yourself. wm you taKe m" Crime forfeits freedom. The man who offends against society must not only for society's sake, but for his own sake, be shown a more excellent way. But to start a darkest America scheme, to found another Massachu setts,, requires land. Somebody will ask: "Where will you get it?" There is unclaimed land, and there is a lot of land which has owners but is not in use. Buy a lot of it back. Land will be cheaper next year. It is cheap now. I have some land over here which I was talking of selling. A friend said to me: "Don't sell it now. You can't get anything for it." I said: "WelL put it up at auction; surely somebody will bid something for it." He answered: "My dear gen eral, I have been to all the sheriff's sales of land for the last eighteen months, and there has ' not been a bid." A DARKEST AMERICA COLONY. Now is the time to begin a darkest America plan. The land is cheap. I have in view twenty thousand acres In its present state. I do not care to mention It more definitely now, because all the arrangements have not been thought out. On it I should plant not only the men from the great -cities who have found it im possible, or next to impossible, to get a living, but I would bring over from Scandinavia, Holland, Germany and Belgium, those good peasants who are not submerged, but who find It the , most diflcult thing on earth to make a living. . ' 1 They would make the peasantry of this country. They would make a substantial living from the soiL - They ; have not the money to pay for their passage now, and perhaps they are frightened at the prospect of being eaten by the - cannibals over - here. But if the scheme was Indorsed by the Salvation Army they would come, be cause they know it would be safe. The reason why the people of the great cities, discouraged at their pros pects for getting work, miserably housed and insufficiently clad, do not go to the country as things are now is through their fear of loneliness. A man has his work in the fields and does not mind it so much, but the woman, alone in the house, with no neighbor nearer than two or three miles, is very apt to ask her husband to go back to the city and the misery there, with not half so gooa a living. The.v would see somebody there. The plan for darkest America would be to start little communities little villages of thirty or forty houses to gether. Each man would nave six or eight acres of ground surrounding the village and, besides that, would have a common for his cow. There would be hovels for his pigs and chickens, and there would be carts to come around so often to take the pro duce to the market. UNCLE SAM WOULD OWN THE LAND. This little farming" community would not find life away from the cities such a barren thing. They would have their proper recreations, the bands and the barracks and trips to the city, and while they would not get rich they would make a fair living and a sure one. None of these colonists will own the land. That is what I want the gov ernment's help in. I want the gov ernment to deed to me In trust" this tract of land, to be used for the bet terment Of these people, giving me the privilege of alienating it or disposim of it only in cases where it is abso lutely necessary for the success of the scheme. The colonists simply would have the use of the land free as long as they chose to work it. The money to build their little cottages, their sheds and styes for cattle and pigs would be .advanced to them out of their own wages, so that if a man ran away he would run away from his own money, and the scheme would be so much the richer by his going away. But that is the sticking point. The Canadians don't favor the plan of not giving each man the fee simple of his land. However, the Belgian government has sent commissioners to the Darkest England plant to see how it works, and we have a college in London to prepare teachers for the sixty or sev enty colonies which we have scattered throughout the world. Cecil Rhodes gave me 100 pounds out of his own pocket for our colony in South Africa. In all our Salvation Army posts in London we have this sign posted: "No man need beg or starve or steal or commit suicide. Ap ply to the captain for a ticket, and he will find you work." That is what every state should have posted, in the portal of its prison. THE FIFTH MAN WHO STARVES. The unions are opposed to having men in prison support themselves. I do not always agree with the unions. Here are four . men in a garden. There is just enough work to keep them. Along comes the fifth man, who looks over their heads and says: "Can you give me some work?" They answer -him, "No; there is just enough work for four here." He says, "My God, you are not agoing to let me starve, are you?" The.v put their hands in their pockets and take out enough to feed him. - Would it not be better for them, since they must feed him, to get some thing for their money? That is in little what society is in large. America has, in common with Eng land, the great drawback of an edu cational system. I don't know wheth er I dare say anything against edu cation, but it seems to me it is all done for the mind and . nothing for the body or souL The children are brought up to be ladles and gentle men, not men and women, who must work for a living. They are afraid to put their' hands in the dirt or the dishwater. HUMBUGS IN AMERICA. I have been disappointed in the American people. I expected to find them extremely wise politically. I don't think I ever saw so much hum bug. There is so much claptrap, so much appealing to prejudice, so lit t of sound reasoning and calm decisi.-ii in matters affecting public safety. They don't believe in grace. They don't want gr;i : ( Jrace is no good for backing. 1 hoy want the backing of the republican party, of the demo crat party, or of Mr. Cleveland, or somebody else. It as your ballot-box, of which you are so proud, that is to be your undoing unless you wake tip to what the situation is. . The millionaire is on top now, and the great crowd is struggling beneath in misery. They are the sans culottes the breechless fellows. They see the millionaires having every comfort, while it is as much as they can do to make a living, '; and the poorhouse at the end when all is done. The next revolution will not be by force. It will be by your ballot-box, which the breechless multitude has just begun to learn now to use. . One day they are going to turn things upside down. They are the many. The millionaires are the few. The millionaires will then be under neath, the breechless multitude on top.- It will be well if they stick to vot ing only. It would have been well in the French Revolution if they had let tne breechless multitude vote at the start. It would have brought Napoleon nearer by a year or two. Isnt that an important thing tor think of? Isn't it better to lose youfmoney-bags than your head? - Your problem here In darkest Amer ica is no different from this problem in other parts of the civilized world. As I said before, it is the mere exter nals which are different If the breechless multitude threatens here, it also threatens in the older countries, but you have so much more the advan tage; your chimney has not been smoking so long. "The condition's of life have not hardened so much. There is the enthusiasm which comes to one who has gone from ocean to ocean In your country the enthusi asm of the realization of your grand possibilities. I have the same feeling when I look upon the Salvation Army. It is not what it is, but what it is going to be; what it will be if it keeps In the lines on which it was started. Yours is the country meant to be free. Yours is a government instituted to guard every man's right, to life and happiness. When it guards the right to life and happiness of every man and woman, the poor fellow in the tenement house as well as the million- aire, then there will be no darkest America and no harkest New York." Faithfully yours, to help the wretched and the lost, WILLIAM BOOTH. TO SEARCH FOR LENZ. The Young Pittsburger Was on His Way Round the World. Wllliam A. Sachtieben has sailed on La Champagne with the intention of searching for and, if possible, find ing Frank G. Lenz, of Pittsburg, who, it is thought, Is lost somewhere near the Kurdish mountains in Armenia. Wheelmen everywhere are intensely interested in the fate of the young cyclist, Frank G. Lenz, who, three years ago, started from New York to ride around the world, but who for nearly a year has been unheard of and of whom, despite strict searches, not the slightest trace can be found. uovernments nave been stirred, min-; isters written to, missionary societies interested and native detectives en gaged, but all without avail. Their combined efforts have failed to dis cover even a vestige of the missing man. He has disappeared as effect ually as if, like the prophet of old, he had been whisked off to heaven in a chariot of fire. The most remarkable thing in con nection with his disappearance is that he had traversed the greater part of ""his journey and had passed safely through those districts which were generally considered to be the most dangerous. In fact, it was not until he reached, the Asiatic domin ions of the sultan of Turkey, the bor ders of Armenia, that - he vanished. All hope for him- has not been entire ly abandoned, although at the mo ment it is at a very low ebb. Many believe him to be dead, murdered by the semi-savages of Asia Minor, but .1. H. Worman, the editor of "Outing," the magazine under whose auspices Lenz was touring, scouts that idea, and maintains that the cyclist is in captivity among the Kurds, and that he will one day be quietly set free and turn up again safe and sound. Mr. Worman bases his belief on the fact that despite the continued searches from all quarters which have been made by official and unofficial authority, not even one of Lenz's shoelaces has been found. The international commission has just begun its" Inquiries into the al leged outrages among the Christians, and Mr. Sachtleben will therefore be on the spot in time not only to stim ulate the searchers who are following up such clews as they have obtained, but also to interest - this European commission in Lenz's . case. William L. Sachtleben is thoroughly qualified to make a successful search for the lost wheelman. Only 28 years old, he has already made the world tour awheel has tr.i.-eled over the very territory where Lenz is supposed to be held by brigands or to have been killed by them. : He is sufficiently familiar w ith the people and their language to be dependent only upon his own wit and pluck in tracking Lenz step by step until he shall. find him or his baggage, or both. - Sachtleben is a college, graduate, plucky, if not. daring, and enthusiast! callv enlisted in behalf of the search expedition of which, he is to be the chief. He has no easy task before him. as is but too clearly apparent, but it is hoped that he may be able within the next six months to throw some light upon Lenz's fate. . Lenz stopped in Salem a couple of years ago while on his tour. HYGIENIC CARE . OF FEET. They Should Be as Systematically Bathed as the Hands. The hygienic systematic care of the feet will do more to relieve the suf fered from afflictions of the feet than any eccentricity in the way of foot wear. The feet should be systemat ically bathed as often as are . the hands, and a daily footbath is -essen tial to the health of the members. When the feet are apt to swell (which is due to a weakness in the general health), a hot footbath at night is de sirable; in this a few tablespoonfuls of salt should be dissolved. This pre vents the enervating effects that come from the frequent use of the hot bath The daily footbath should be simply warmed enough to take the chill oft the water. The feet should be thor oughly dried after bathing them with a soft absorbent towel, then rubbed vigorously with a rough friction towel. A spirit bath is excellent to keep the feet in good condition. After bathing them- rub the soles and be tween the toes with a little alcohol, which? may be perfumed with a small quantity of lavender or violet water or cologne to-make it more agreeable. A systematic bathing of the feet, put ting on fresh stockings or freshly aired stockings each day, allowing the shoes to rest and air at least twenty- four hours after wearing before they are worn again all this conduces to the health of the members. There is scarcely anything that is so restful after a fatiguing walk or household employment as a footbath, followed by a change of . stockings and shoes. It is astonishing to one who has never tried this simple method of treating the feet how often corns and even bunions will vanish before such care. New York Tribune. TENNIE CLAFLIN. The? generosities of Lady Frances Cook, known in America better as "Terniie Cdaflm," have often . been commented upon .with- wonder." Since taking ' up 'her residence in, Montser- rat, her Spanish castle, she has almost rebuilt the ewtfire village. The castle itself,-a half -tumbled down place, has been restored, and the room in which Byron wrote "Childe Harold" has been perpetuated for the benefit of Spain and the interest of sightseers. The funds for all this have been supplied by Lady Cook herself, but how she has managed to do to has been a wonder. The tru th is tihat she is something of a business woman 'and has increased her husband's allowance by her own exer tions until all these things have been possible. . - The way she has done it is remark able. Upon the ' estate of Mon-tsermt there are numerous old trees. "Cork tiroes" the natives told Lady Cook. And upon investigating, .them she) found them o be really such. Of course for an American to have the cork bark stripped from the trees and trans formed into the cork of commerce iwas quick work; and as the returns were very ample she has kept on doing this year after year. - The amount affords ample money for the restoration of Mowtserrat and for all philantfhroplcal purposes; and it shows how . Lady Cook cotrtd earn a commercial living if she desired. Lady Cook is a frequent contributor to the Sunday Statesman. AWAITING DOOMSDAY The Setting of the Very flour. r w v m i TTT1 1 ManV iTODnetS WhOSe " A I "Pfiyrjnpaipq TnVlllPfl I The Great Millerite Excitement inland would shut up their souls in the 1843 and Similar Events in the History of the World. The Seventh Day Adventists, who last year gained notoriety through presenting to their church various ar ticles .of value, the whole aggregating about $50,000, last week made an other New Year's offering at Battle Creek, Mich., in the presence of sev eral thousand persons. A close esti mate of the value of the articles pre sented has not yet been made, but it it believed to be not far from $40,000. One of the elders, before the gift- siving began, preached a short ser mon, in which he expressed ms bener l tnat tne ena or tne worm wan near at hand, and the violent occurrences oi me lime muiiaitu ii. i Among the articles heaped on the platform when the gifts were called for were watches and chains, diamond nilga, uiitcciLB, on vein .i c, uuijio, earrings, and, In fact, nearly every- thinc in the iewelry line that could be converted into cash. Nearly forty bi cycles were also given. The whole collection is to be sold and the pro ceeds will be devoted to extending the theories of the order. The disappointment of those who had so confidently predicted and be lieved that the end of the world was fixed for the first day - of January, kind that has fallen to the lot of those wiiu nave auempieu iu ci ""- time and cut snort us mgnt. rom the days of Noah there have been those who believed that the world was to be destroyed, but it was not until IV li 4. .LI. l, itL ici mi; tllllC Ul UUllDt. lllll 1 iuio uv- lief in the eventual destruction of the world assumed definite shape. His immediate disciples firmly believed that the utter destruction of the world would take place In their time, and through all the earlier years of the church the second coming of Christ was confidently looked for. Because He did not so appear many lost their faith in Him and returned to their ancient gods. This was especially the case in apostolic times with the church at Thfcssalonica, and the Apos- tie Paul took occasion in one of his epistles to warn the church that the day of the second coming was not known and was of very uncertain date. MANY DISAPPOINTMENTS. The history of the-church shows that every now and then a wave of belief that the end of the world was near at hand has swept over the church only to be followed by a period of despondency because of the dis appointment experienced. During the f. st century and a half this second coming was looked for almost from day today. Then preachers and pretend ed prophets would set a fixed time. Some of them wduld assign no nartic- ular reason for fixing the date select ed, -.while others would pretend to have received a special revelation. Not long after the establishment of the paramount authority of Rome in all church matters, such teachings were declared to be heretical, and extreme measures were resorted to In dealing with such sensational teachings. . Like all other heresies, however, it flour ished on opposition and its teachings ucgan to see in the Koman hierarchy one of the beasts' seen by St. John on tne isle or .fatmos, Finally there arose those who under took to interpret prophecy and to tell what was meant by the visions of Daniel and the other Jewish proph ets, and to figure from their mysteri ous expressions the exact time when the world would be destroyed. Up to tne coming or these latter day proph ecy interpreters it had not been con sidered by either Jewish or Christian students that the prophecies spoken of had any reference to the end of the world, but they had always been con sidered as referring to the political or temporal affairs of the Jews, as connected with those of surrounding nations, The reformation of Luther and Cal vin sprang a host of these Bible in terpreters on the world, and in their interpretations the church of Rome was the antichrist against whom the visions of John were specially aimed, and its total overthrow and destruc tion was soon to come, to be followed by the glorious days of the millen nium. All such prophets have had their followers, and disappointment has followed disappointment with steady succession, yet each new proph et of evil would find ready believers in his theory. Every great phenom enon in nature has been succeeded by a revival of the cry that the time of the total destruction of the earth was near at hand. The "Dark Day" of 1780, the shower of meteors in 1833 and the sudden appearance of the blazing comet in 1843 were looked upon as sure precursors of the speedy overthrow of all sublunary things. THE MILLERITE EXCITEMENT. The greatest and' most widely ex tended excitement of this kind was that which followed the preaching of William Miller. Miller was himself an enthusiast and fully, convinced of the truth of the doctrine he taught. He did not set up any claim as a prophet, but based all his teachings upon the interpretations he- placed upon the prophetic visions of Daniel, especially those found in the eleventh chapter. He was a man of limited education, but of more than ordinary ability, and had been a pronounced Deist up to the thirty-fourth year of his age, when he changed his views and became an ardent member of the Adventist church. He began a close study of the Scriptures, especially of the mysterious prophecies. He as sumed to have discovered what was meant by the "seven times," and the "seventy weeks," fixed by the prophet as the period when certain things should happen. By this chronological research he fixed on a date for be ginning the calculation of the term of seventy weeks, and figuring from the dates thus chosen he reached a con clusion that the : destruction of the world .would occur some time during the year 1843. He did not fix the ex act date, but some of his more en thusiastic followers did. He began rno nliino li a Hrt-frlna act Aarlir oa ivv. L.vi-t a,ua,u uwsl.. u UO titlj 1831, at first using the columns of a I Vermont newspaper. In the following year he set forth his views la: a DamDhlet. which was widely circulat-1 ed, and attracted the atfsntion of I RihUpnl nnhnlnrn thrnTurhniit-the en-I tire country- He did not begin to preach or lecture until lass, out once of having begun his public ministry he preached almost daily for years, vis itine almost every section of the United States. I - - His belief substantially was that the fifth monarchy predicted in the seventh chapter of Daniel was about to be consummated; that Jesus Christ would appear a second time in i4d, i In the clouds of Heaven; that He i 111 lilt; Liuuua Ul iiwrcu, mat. v. would then raise the righteous dead, 4.1.4. :V. u -nnM I 11 11 11 11111 1 lilt: 11CUICUUJJ UYlUg ' ' ue caught up to Him, as mentioned by St. Paul; that He would purify the earth with fire, causing the wicked and all their works to be consumed, place prepared for the devil and his angels; that the saints would live and reign with Christ for a thousand years on the earth, and that then the wicked should be raised and judged. MILLER'S MATHEMATICS. The mathematical calculations by which Miller sought to establish the date he had fixed for the second com ing were attacked by Biblical schol ars, and a host of learned writers op posed his whole scheme of interpreta tion, most of them contending that th nronhecv in chanter Sieht. often quoted by Mr. Miller as the basis of beln fulfilled and That it had nothing to do with the second coming of rjnrSt niwa fnnna, Dn numharorl many thousands, and included several nt1 riivlnoa of nifffrfnt dpnoniina- niv iuiiw i,i nv specInc as the one on which n,,P,Rt Wf411irt mnr hi nmwaranee. but declared that it would occur some time in the Jewish year 1843 that is, between March 21 of 1843, and the same date, in 1814. It was generally believed that it would occur early in the year, and some of Miller's more enthusiastic followers did fix the day. The first day set was February 10th, that day being chosen because It was forty-five years after the taking of Rome by the French army, others government and the establishment of the Roman republic. Th nfiw doctrine was assailed with rir1ii0 kt snninr and reiisrious journals, but it spread with amazing ,irmr r.t nnmn mootinsrs were I 1' ----- held in all parts of the country, and in 1840 a general conference was held in Boston. In 1842 a series of meet ings was held in New York City, and was attended by Immense crowds. Believers and preachers multiplied, and during the summer the excite ment became intense. No hall could be obtained large enough to hold the multitudes who flocked to hear Mr. Miller and his colaborers, and finally a i large tent, capable of holding ten thousand persons, was put up, and in lt meetings were' held in many East- em cities. The craze spread to tne West, and counted thousands of fol lowers, especially in Ohio and Indl" PREPARED FOR IT IN VAIN. As the date for the second coming approached thousands of the more en thusiastic made preparations for the ascension by disposing of their prop erty and procuring ascension robes February 10th and 15th came and passed, and the world still jogged along in its daily round, much to the disappointment of many thousands, but their belief that the great day was near at hand did not waver, though the disappointment did drive a large number of them into lunatic asylums. April 14th was fixed upon. it being Pentacost day. Dr. Miller himself would not definitely settle on either of the days named, but when they passed without any unusual commotion he confessed himself as being greatly disappointed. He fa vored a day later in the year, and approximated about October 22nd. This day was accepted by all of the more intelligent of his followers, and great preparations were made for the momentous event. Thousands sold their earthly posses sions for a song, and many others re fused to harvest the crops in their fields, holding that it was tempting Providence to store up crops for a season that would never come. In some places the local authorities har vested the abandoned crops at the public expense. At Philadelphia many persons went out into the country on the day before and encamped ready for the great event, while others gath ered on the housetops and spent the night in singing and praying. As the number of those who be lieved that the October date was the correct one was larger than those who accepted the earlier dates, so the dis appointments were greater and the number of suffering victims much larger. Hundreds of believers be came insane through the excitement, many of whom never recovered their reason. Others fell away from the faith, and lost their belief even in the existence of God. Since then many other dates have been fixed for the earth's destruction,' but they have found few believers. Mr. Miller acknowledged his disap pointment, and freely admitted that he must have made some mistake in his calculations, but contended to the day of his death that the real time for the second coming of Christ was near at hand. He died in 1849, in the 86th year of his age. His printed lec tures are still read with interest, and display a knowledge of the Scriptures possessed by very few. WHY "BOCK BEER" The Only Willia'm, Bibulous Artist and Antiquarian, Has a Theory. The Only William is not a bibulous artist, but a philosopher and an an-tiouarian-. He has evolved a theory for the phrase "bock beer," which just now is in season, which, ihe says, is new. It is this: Bock beer Js brewed in November or it ought to be and should not be tapped before spring. On March 21st the sun enters "the Ram" of the Zodiac. 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