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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Oct. 15, 1922)
THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN, PORTLAND, OCTOBER 15, 1923 HUMAN IMMORTALITY IS DECLARED CONFIRMED BY SCIENCE " r - - . Conceptions oHaman Estate After Death Vary Widely, But Idea of Survival Has Prevailed in All Ages When Vision of This World Passes Expectation of Vision of Another Is Universal. BY REV. GEORGE H. BENNET1, Pastor Patton Methodist Episcopal Church. IB jVLAon immortal? This question is one which cannot be solved hv t.h PYnprimpnts of inrl net iv science, as the chemist ascertains facts in his laboratory, for the soul ts invisible, intangible, and beyond the power of chemical analysis. However, we have -the testimony of -dying saints who speak of see ing friends long dead, and angels, and the Savior. Little children at the moment of death have spoken of beholding persons and scenes which belong to another world. The dying children certainly were not prejudiced in this matter, as they had no knowledge of the conten tions of materialism, but spoke with honesty and truthfullness. Their testimony fully accords with the words of Revelation, VI: "I saw underneath the altar the souls of them that had been slain for the word of God, and for the testimony which they held; and they cried with a great voice saying, 'How long, O master, the holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?' And there was given unto each one a white robe; and it was said unto them, that they should rest yet a little time, until their fel low servants also and their brethren, which should be killed, even as they were, should be ful filled." The 'testimony of the dying, and of the scriptures agree in affirm ing the conscious existence of the soul after death. It may be ob jected this is the testimony of the living and not of the dead, but it seems altogether possible for man to behold both worlds, when he stands on the borderline between them. Visions Prove Nothing. "We often behold visions of our loved and lost ones, but they prove nothing, we visit the grass-grown graves of our dear ones, but they do not speak of us nor return to solve the mysteries of the great be yond. The great general law laid down by science and scripture is this: "They have no more a por tion forever in anything done un der the sun." Ecclesiastes, 9:6. Perhaps some may have returned by a miracle of God for a special purpose, but this does not affect the universal law of nature. If the dead could return at all, the BT A. GARDEN" GROWER. TO those who may be seeking new shrubs with which to im prove their gardens I want to call their attention to the little tri angular plot of ground at Nine teenth and Washington streets. This has been planted by the park bureau with some shrubs, particu larly evergreens, which should be of keen interest to those seeking something pretty and interesting. I am not going to attempt a review of this planting this week, for the space allotted for this department has been exhausted with two other reviews which are of real impor tance at this time, but next week I will tell the readers about some of the things I found in this little : planting and in the meantime if; they are interested they can go to Nineteenth and Washington, streets,! see the plantings and probably havfc a, clearer idea when they read my description next week. The two important things which require consideration at this time is the planting of deciduous shrubs and the conserving of falling leaves and I hope the suggestions I have to make in what follows will prove of assistance to amateurs. Planting Shrubs. While October is considered the month best suited for the planting of shrubs and evergreens I want to give the readers of "this department a warning and that is not to be in too much haste. With the mild open fall and wonderfully fine stretches;of weather we have been having there has not been a frost sufficiently strong to drive the sap down to the roots and unless you wait until this happens you may have trouble with some of your plantings. What I consider one of the best nurseries in this section has an absolute rule that it will not ship anything in the way of shrubs and evergreens for fail planting until two weeks after a frost sufficiently hard to kill the usual annuals. It takes such a frost to put nursery stock into a dormant stage so that it will suc cessfully withstand transplanting. In traveling about the city I see a great many persons doing their planting and I must say they have been very badly advised, for no shrubs or evergreens should be planted with the kind of weather wo have been having unless the plants have been raised in pots and are pot-bound as the nurserymen and florist call them. If the plants have been raised in pots or tubs or boxes they can, with quite a sense of security, be planted now. but where they have been dug out of the nursery and planted again I have little confidence that they will make much of a showing next year and I think in many cases will be ruined. I see in some places where i tho leaves have been removed in I an effort to make the plants go dormant and while this may help some, the results are doubtful. If anyone comes around now and i wants to plant or transplant your shrubs do not let him do it and i do not let him put in new shrubs! unless he can show you that what he proposes to plant has been pot grown. As the season Is here for the planting of shrubs I have had a number of friends ask me to make suggestions as to what to plant. This is a difficult question to an swer in a general way, for each place requires a different treatment. While I can give a general descrip tion of various satisfactory shrubs, it Is a question for each home owner to determine wh:U will make the proper picture for a cert a in 1 location and if he is in doubt about this he can always get good assist ance from his nurseryman. To those who contemplate planting: I would also suggest that they visit the nurseries, see the actual plants growing and this will give tnem even a better idea than all the de scriptions I could write or what can be found In the catalogues. Rhododendrons Are Essential. Of the broad-leaved yvergreer shrubs there is nothing superior to rhododendrons and Fortlanders can consider themselves fortunate that In the nurseries about the city they have probably the largest single collection of these wonderful shrubs murdered man would disclose his murderer. Great truths and pre cious secrets buried with the dead would be revealed by the disem bodied soul. Mothers would return to comfort broken-hearted children and exhort wayward sons but the universal law is they do not re turn. We cannot therefore look to the dead for information on the deep mystery of immortality. Only two sources of information are open to us. God might tell us something on the subject. Science might be aoie to throw light on the prob lem. God affirms human immor tality in the Bible. Immortality as a fact of deductive science rests upon numerous well-known facts and principles. Conceptions of the human estate after death widely vary, and among ancient and modern barbarous races prove very crude, still the idea of survival after death is a fact of the ages. "When the vision of this world passes away, the expectation of a vision of another world is universal Jt is worthy of note, too, that as paganism, ancient and modern, be comes more perfect in its ideals and refinement, the conception of :i mortality approaches the Christian idea m excellence. - Immortality Idea Persists. The universality and the persist ence of this Idea among men must be founded in some sufficient rea son. Some have tried to account for these facts by regarding the idea as an Inheritance from a primitive revelation to mankind, and handed down from generation to generation. It seems, however, that the very nature of man requires that such J an idea should be intuitional.. There are some things which man. as a moral being, should know by im mediate knowledge. His responsi bility demands in him an adequate sense of self and of supreme au thority, of duty and its recompense, and of destiny. All these ideas are actually possessed in greater or lesser development by the whole family 6f man. Now, while' immortality, as an idea, may be intuitional, most if not ail of us get it, not by in tuition, but from our teachers; and while all normal minds are capable of possessing the idea by immediate knowledge, revelation is indispens able to its highest development. Human immortality is a fact which is fundamental to moral gov ernment. The proper consideration of this ! G ardorv of any place in the United States. When the government placed the plant quarantine restriction on the importation of rhododendrons it shut off the vast numbers which formerly came from Holland and Belgium. Some of the Portland growers were far-sighted enough to realize that it would take years to establish an American source of supply and they set about to get all the surplus stock and bring them to Oregon, where under the favorable climate this type of shrubs matures nicely. Buyers from all over the country are now depending upon Portland for their rhododen drons and probably will do so for the next two years. I feel that every garden should have a collec tion of rhododendrons, for they do so well, and despite the shortage j Ok. BLOCK. tne uriCCB iui v o.i itjuo hybrids range from $3 to $6 per plant, according to size and variety. Rhododendrons vnot only supply wonderful color notes in the garden in the spring but can also be used In ' almost any location. They are to my mind practically indispens able in a garden, whether used in landscape work or in a more formal garden design. They require prac tically no care, except the pinching out of the blooms after the flowers have withered and a mulch of leaves in the fall. They do not want to be planted in soil which contains lime, but as very little of the soil around Portland has an excess of lime they can be planted practically every where, but in many points of Ore gon, particularly in some of the southern sections of the Willamette valley, care must be exercised as to the soil in which they are planted. Deciduous Shrubs. In considering a planting of shrubs I usually give thought first to the deciduous shrubs, but before taking them up I want to say that the time to plant them is when they are dormant, that is, when the leaves have fallen or at least are dropping off. Should it not be convenient for you to do your planting late this fall I would sug gest that you postpone the work until spring, rather than to hurry it now when the plants are not in proper condition to plant. Of course if we have a good frost that will change matters and make early fall planting possible. In planting deciduous shrubs they should be fertilized. If at all possible get good, well-rotted cow manure and mix it with the soil with which you do the planting. Bone meal and sheep manure are quite satisfactory and should be mixed one part of bone meal to two parts of sheep manure and a couple of good trowel fula of the mixture should be either mixed with the planting soil or lightly dug in after the new plants are set. Types of iSplrea. Of the deciduous shrubs for or namental planting the spireas are always good. The Thunbergi, with its small delicate flower and slender light green foliage is very useful almost any place and particularly good in lightening heavy plantings oi evergreens. Spirea Van Houtte is particularly effective. It is com monly called the bridal wreath, for lis fiowfrrs come on iong stems which can be woven into wreaths, and it has a graceful drooping habit when in bloom that makes it par ticularly striking. Many profes sional planters have a strong par tiality for gpirea Anthony Waterer. It Is lower growing than the other two types and makes an excellent foreground planting. Of the shrubs good for cutting in the spring the deutzias, both the white and pink, are excellent. They will grow six to eight feet high and three to four feet in diameter. The only attention they need is cutting out the old wood and if this is fol lowed carefully and the plant shaped you will have a very satis factory plant. In considering the deutzias do not overlook the deutxia gracilis, which is a small dwarfish type, with white flowers, and cer tainly it should be found In the foreground on mass plantings. Colortnl Wefgellns. Weigelias. of which there are sev- er&i types, are also satisiactory flowe ing deciduous shrubs and you can cut long sprays of the flowers for home decoration. The pink Is a delicate shade of rose, while the scarlet Is most striking. There has phase of the subject requires atten tion to the relations of the three classes of individuals the infant. the righteous, and the wicked to moral government. Man is a rational being, endowed with freedom and with a moral sense, and therefore is capable of moral obligation, and character, and reward. Mortal life, in its relation to the demands of moral obligation, and to the possibilities of moral character, seems to be an unf in- ined existence. On the other hand, moral government, in its relation to man's capacities, is an incom plete system without immortality in man. As the subject of physical laws and the government of nature. tne life of man has reference to this present world; but as the sub ject of moral law. and government, his life has reference to the higher spiritual kingdom. Mool and Body Distinct. The materialist denies immortality of the soul. He says, by way of il lustration, that ether paralyzes the ganglia and nerve centers, admin istered as an anesthetic, so the phys ical, mental and moral functions cease, with the exception of respira tion, circulation arid assimilation. Now he inquires, "When ether ar rests these functions and death en sues, does death, which destroys the organism, at the same time restore self-consciousness to the soul? He affirms it does not, for "all con scious mental activity can come to pass only by normal functioning of the brain." (Scope and Method of Philosophy of Unconsciousness. Von Hartmann). But let it be remembered that the anesthetic, though arresting the functions except respiration, circu lation and assimilation, moreover does not arrest self -consciousness. Soul and body are distinct. Von Hartmann says if the soul exists after death it is unconscious. He declares the living kingdom originated in the unconscious intelli gence or world-soul. He thus elimi nates God from thought and gives to matter the promise and potency of life and consciousness. Von Hart mann says matter is unconscious mind. He explains the origin of consciousness in this way: Con sciousness came of the clash be- '. tween unconscious will with an un- '. conscious idea. These two uncon scious elements clashed and con sciousness 'resulted. It- follows. therefore, as a logical necessity, that- if the unconscious world-soul been a number of new types intro duced in the last few years, but I doubt If any of these are more sat isfactory than the old favorite of our grandmothers garden weigelia rosea. There is, however, an inter esting dwarf of this type that should receive your consideration in arranging a planting. Spanish broom with its long blooming season, will give you cut tings of brilliant yellow flowers in midsummer. Do not confuse this with the Scotch broom seen so much about Portland, for the Spanish type Is far different, the flowers being much larger and of a very strong fragrance. You should also have in thj garden buddelia. or the butter lly plant, for it will give you long splices or delightfully fragrant flowers in midsummer when you nee(J somethin& o this nature. Hydrangeas Useful. No border or house planting I feel is complete without hydrangeas, and you can use them with freedom and be sure of having good, taste whether you use the hortensia type or the paniculata. In considering hydrangeas, I want to call your at tention to hydrangea quercifolia, or the oak-leaved hydrangea, and it is surprising that it is not more used in shrubbery planting in this sec tion, for it does remarkably well. Its bloom is not so important as its foliage, which is similar in shape to an oak leaf and of a rich purple shade. This type of hydrangea is not as swell known as it deserves, and if 'you are looking for some thing for the planting and with a rich foliage effect do not overlook this. When I think of the barberries I often wonder what we could substi tute for them and get as satisfactory effect and as yet I have reached no solution of the question. While the deciduous form of barberries is yielding in public favor to the ever green type I feel every garden should have representatives of the old favorites and of these I can recommend as being satisfactory in this section tho thunbergi type, or Japanese barberry, of a very dense, dwarf spreading habit; the common barberry with its erect growth and prickly stem and the barberry vul garia atropurpurea with its purple tinted foliage. In the evergreen barberries Darwin's stenophylla, the small-leaved type with its upright habit, is opposite the stenophylla diversifolia, which is more open in its habit. Barberry dulcis, or the box-leaved barberry, you will also find good for a long, spiny shrub. Cotoneastera Important, The cotoneasters form an import ant group, but it is surprising how many persons think that they are limited to the low-growing type, suitable for topping a wall or a 5l S " It DTTERESTIXG FLAK f Li - thus produced a self-conscious man by the clash of unconscious will with an unconscious Idea, then for the consummation of unconscious wis dom in the scheme of nature in the form of moral government, it is cer tain that the unconscious will must clash again with the unconscious Idea and revive consciousness in the soul of the dead man. The scheme of wisdom in the cosmos, and moral government, both demand conscious ness in the soul after death. So the materialist is "hoist by his own petard." He is destroyed by his own logic. Conscious immortality must be admitted to man the subject of moral government. Life Held No Compound. The dogma of immortality has met many denials, not only irom tne scientists but from the enemies mi religion. One of the potent objec tions recently offered on scientific grounds is that which declares the soul is but a product of the union of the male and female reproductive cells the spermatozoon, and- the egg . Since the existen.ce of the soul begins with the union of these two elements it follows, so it is affirmed, that the existence of the lUmust end with the death or dissolution of the organism. This objection leads at once into the profoundest mystery of our be ing. In groping our way we may take as our point of departure the old landmark: "The earthly life of man had a beginning." The life of every plant and animal began as a single organic cell. Its growth Is simply the division of the original cell into parts and the specialization of those new parts. The fundamen tal vital powers reside within the substance of the cell. They are not phenomena merely of the chemical compound, but of the machine called the cell. The origin of life is not chemical. It is mechanical. It was produced by a living being orig inally and implanted in the cell ma chine. It is as scienfific to conceive that God made the first living or ganism as it is to believe the black smith made the plow. In this world life proceeds from antecedent life, from parents. The i vital and potential cells have been banded down from generation to generation. Within the human ele ments of reproduction was incor porated an element which is subject not to physical laws but to mental and moral laws. We call it the soul. This ethereal element was derived to the more ornamental class. Co toneaster Franchetti is a wonderful, fine -shrub of an open, graceful, bank, and never give consideration drooping habit and cotoneaster Si monsii is another of medium height with an upright growth. If you have never seen these growing you can eee a fine planting of them on Portland heights in the little trian gular block of ground at Vista ave- nue and Spring street, for in im proving that piece of ground Park Superintendent Keyser has put one of the most interesting small plantings in Portland. While this is city property under the park bureau, there is one city employe who take a keen interest in it, although he is not connected Nwith the park bu reau, and - he is Captain William Kerrigan, the veteran of the fire department, who lives close to this little strip of ground. I have often seen John Gill, who is one of Port land's best-versed naturalists, stop at this planting and study the things which the park bureau has planted there. I regret space does not permit me to tell the readers of this depart ment of all the interesting shrubs that will prove satisfactory in this locality, but if I attempted that it would be like writig a catalogue for a nursery. This week I have only room to tell you about a few of the deciduous shrubs and next week I will endeavor to make some sugges tions about evergreens, but before leaving the deciduous shrubs I want to call your attention to a few others and among these I can men tion ag flowering deciduous shrubs calycanthus or the sweet shrub, kerria or the double globe flower, dogwood, the Japanese quince, for sythia or golden bell, potentilla, both the yellow and the white; flowering currant, syringa, which of course includes all the lilacs; the viburnum or snowballs, particularly the Japanese type, and also particu larly the ororatissimum. Old Leaves for Fertiliser. Now that autumn is here and the trees are beginning, to shed their leaves and it is time to clean up the garden and get it in shape for the winter, we should also give con sideration to saving the valuables. There is nothing of more real value to the garden than the leaves and the garden litter, for as a fertilizer it can scarcely be excelled by any manure or commercial fertilizer that can be purchased. For a number-of years Portland wasted thou sands of dollars annually by gath ering up the leaves and burning them, but when Superintendent Keyser took charge of the park bu reau he arranged with the street- cleaning department to save the leaves for him, with the result that the park bureau now has on hand a supply of fertilizer which has cost the taxpayers practically nothing. As to results accomplished you only have to see the wonderful vegeta tion in our various parks. I think too few of us appreciate the value of the leaves. You will see persons on every side burning them, where as if they would only put them in a pile and let them decompose they would have wonderful results from their garden next year. All experts unite in saying that :-'v:v:.:.:v.v.v!v.i :y--!(i- PSS- : '-:- .-.. . $ TIN G AT NINETEENTH A3TX WASHIXGTOS ITREHTI, not from matter but from the Cre ator. Let us now turn to the question of human genesis. The biologist tells us the egg, or female element of re production, consists of vital sub stance and organs called nucleus and chromosomes. The spermato zoon or male reproductive cepU is smaller than the egg. It contains protoplasm, in which are organs called nucleus, chromosomes and a centrosome. The male cell is pro vided with a tail by which it moves about. When these two reproduc tive cells unite the spermatozoon passes into the egg. The tail was previously lost. The chromosomes are the only organs of the fertilized egg which are derived from both parents. They, contain the heredi tary traits handed down by both parents. The centrosome is derived from the father. It contains the life, while the egg contains the physical man in potential form. The sperma tozoon possesses life, volition and power and all the basic principles which belong to the souL This liv ing, moving soul germ is derived from the father alone. So the liv ing soul, is not a product of chem istry, nor a chemical compound pro duced by the union of the male and female elements of reproduction, to perish when the compound is dis solved. Life hag descended through -the male line from the Creator. Let it be noted this living existence began before the union of the egg and spermatozoon took place. It may, therefore, continue after the union fs dissolved In death. Life, like mat ter and force. Is never destroyed and lost. The physical organism re turns to the chemical elements. 'Its elements are not lost. The moral nature of man, subject to moral gov ernment, points with undeniable force to the persistence of his per sonality after death. Soul's Death Not Proved. The dissolution of the body in death does not presuppose the de-i struction of the soul. j The relation between soul and body Is that of co-existence, not of identity. The abstract possibility of the existence of the soul apart from the body admits of no denial. Every real existence must be assumed to i continue until its annihilation has been proved. The burden of proof thus wiJl be seen to lie upon the advocates of annihilation. The an nihilation of the soul, however, has not yet been proved. In the en the most expensive element In fer tilizers fs the nitrogen, yet when we examine the leaves we find they have a greater percentage of this valuable element than almost any kind of manure. Usually the gen eral term of "humus' is applied to this type of fertilizer, and in speak ing of this the Garden Guide says: "Humus is the name given by gardeners to decomposing vegetable matter. In many ways it is like dung. The matter may comprise lawn mowings, leaves from decid uous trees and all the odds and ends of vegetative growth that one cleans up or gets from the garden. Too often this material is bundled out of sight or pitched away as use less. It is a gold mine. Have a place for It and accumulate all you can. Turn it over once or twice to facilitate rotting. Every spring spread it on the soil and dig It In or keep it in reserve for particular purposes. If the humus heap has had lime applied to it, it will be still better. Humus darkens soil and dark soil absorbs the warmth of the sun. Humus holds moisture, therefore it is liked by the roots. It opens up a stiff soil and aerates It. Moreover-, it' furnishes an es sential medium for the bacteria that teem in all fertile soils and which manufacture food for the use of the plants. It is invaluable and many derelict soils could be made to yield crops if humus and dung were applied. It is especially valu able on sandy soil." This brief description, I think, covers most fully and concisely the value of leaf mold. In my own gar den I save all I can of grass cut tings, rake up all the leaves, the stalks off plants that is, the soft kind and not those covered with bark and pile them together in a corner of the garden. Now and then I throw on top some surplus soil or the cuttings from where the walks are edged and now and then sprin kle over the whole some air slacked lime. A few days ago I gave the pile I had accumulated during the summer its first turnover prior to putting on the fall collection of leaves, and if you could, have seen the bottom of that pile you would have declared that it was far su perior to any cow or stable manure you had ever seen and also much cleaner to handle. Improving the Compost. Also during the summer, not hav ing any stable manure convenient, I scattered over the various layers of grass cuttings and leaves a few trowelfuls of sheep manure, and I believe that it is a great aid. But, taking it altogether, the leaves are our friends when they fall, Just as they are our friends In the sumirrer when they protect us with their shade. Miss Florence Holmes, the landscape architect of the park bu reau, has been recently making con siderable research into the matter of leaves as fertilizers and has dis covered some .interesting things. In connection with her research she consulted with Professor J. S. Jones, chemist of the Oregon experi ment station at Corvallis, who wrote her as follows: "Leaves have con- . siderable value for fertilizing pur poses. They are rich in lime and deavor to prove it, however. It s said that thought is a functioning of the brain, hence if the brain be destroyed the soul must perish. The error here is due to failure In distinguishing between a form of being and a form of action. The destruction of the btain serves onlv to prove the ending of a particular form of the soul's action, namely, the act of thinking. The cessation of some particular form of the ac tivity of the soul or personal being does not presupose the annihilation of the being itself. Personality Is a form of being; It is the ultimate form of being. It has several native, inherent prop erties. Among them may be men tioned life and self -consciousness. Thought Is a form of action. It has its origin In the soul Itself. " The brain Is simply the mechanism em ployed by the soul in producing this form of action. Thought an J all other forms of the soul's action, exercised through the agency of the brain or physical organism, may cease without affecting the personal being itself, its life or any other of its native properties. The dis embodied soul may live and be self conscious, and may know, without the act of thinking. Thought by means of a brain may. Indeed, be one of the limitations placed upon the soul which is removed at death. The soul still preserves Its identity, and is still capable of acting through the agency of a brain If It should again inhabit a brain. I, if Property of Soul. In the endeavor, further, to prove the annihilation of the soul In the death of the brain it has been claimed that life Is a function of the brain, hence destroy the brain and the soul must perish. The error here is due to failure in distin guishing between the personal being itself and one of its native, inherent properties. Life is a property of the soul. The brain lives simply because the living personality re- Bides within it. The brain dies when the living personality goes out of it. Life has no objective exist ence apart from personal being. To be is not a function of the brain, but to do is its function. Hence, the function of the brain may be destroyed at death without affect ing the personality itself or its capacity for action. The indestructibility of matter points by analogy to the indestruct ibility of the soul. The chemical element bears tho contain also quite a large amount of potassium. The best suggestion I can offer you with reference to their use for fertilizing purposes Is that a compost should be made of them as they are raked up in the fall. The compost is then ready for use in splendid condition early .in the spring. This procedure en ables one to get rid of an unsightly lot of material that really is of value for fertilizing purposes, and by all means ought to be conserved. To make a compost leaves and any other organic matter are -piled in layers with fresh rich soil and the whole thoroughly wet down so as to start fermentation and rotting processes. If this manner of get ting rid of fallen leaves is sys tematically followed, there is prac tically no waste and a splendid organic fertilizer is available for us in the early spring." Rich In Nitrogen. Miss Holmes in her research work on leaves and compost has compiled an Interesting table showing the amount of calcium oxide, a most im portant element, in various kinds of leaves, and from this table shows that the maple and elm trees, of which there are possibly the great' est number in Portland, rank very high, but another interesting table urhinh VI,d Unla. ho. AmnilH shows the nitrogen, the phosphoric V " ' . , acid ana tne potasn in leaves auu various straws. From this, for the benefit of the readers of this de partment, I am going to extract her information on leaves, which shows that they contain in pounds for each ton the following: Nitrogen. 16; phosphoric acid, 3.2. and potash, . Unless you are familiar with the analysis of a fertilixing agent- these figures may not convey their lull value, but when the-courparlson in percentages is compiled it demon strates that In nitrogen leaf mould contains nearly twice as much as does cow manure, and the same also holds good for phosphoric acid, but in the matter of potash the leaf mold has only about half as much as cow manure. This lack of potash can be supplied by the addition of commercial potash If you think your soil needs it, but the main thing to bear in mind Is that leaves and gar den litter are of value, therefore save, them, pile them in layers, not in heaps, out In the open where the winter's rains fall and next spring you will have a good assistant in your garden. - My friend .the retired gardener, came around during the week with another suggestion that may help some of the amateurs. "It will not be long," he said, "before we have frosts and I want to warn the ama teurs to watch their dahlias and Kladiolis and dig them before there are very heavy frosts and the ground freezes. Usually after the first kill ing frost we have a mild spell ana that is when you should dig your dahlias and gladioli and prepare them for winter storage. It is very essential that you should dry the tubers and bulbs a few hours before putting them in the basement or root cellar. If you do not have a root cellar store the bulbs in the cfcllar but as far away from' the furnace as possible. I also want to suggest that when you dig your dahlia clumps turn them upside down so the moisture will drain out of the stalks. If you do not do this you run great chances of decay starting during the winter in the tuber." The tulip family is growing and the latest novelty to come from Hol land has been named the Mendel type. These are hybrids resulting from & crossing of Due von Thai and Darwin tulips. They have ben rewarded with many prises in Hol land but whether they will do for garden planting I have not heard, for they were developed with the idea of bringing out a new tulip with satisfactory forcing qualities and for cultivation in greenhouses, j Some of the new tulips havearrived I in Portland and we will have an op portunity to study them at first hand in the spring. Some time atro I had a letter from a fr'end who told me of some inter esting- experience in floral sur- irery and. S some of the readers of this department may be confronted with similar problems. I reproduce the letter for their information: It often happens that me cherished plant ia broken, either by accident or the wind. Usually It seems there la no alternative but to remove the broken portion and this sometime destroys i he ehspe of the plant. Broken ienct ( an frequent'y fcr retor d by su if-ry. tle chief imple i r.-s of which are .-hrw tii s urn. soft U3.'tn and match.-t ick n 1 have successfully operated on gladioli this year, a high wind having bent over some of my choicest varieties; before they had bloomed. The stalks wars not broken, bat they refused tm staad . same relation to the physical world that the soul does to the moral world. The chemical element, as gold, may be compounded with other elements, yet it still is gold. In a similar way the spiritual element as the soul of man may be united with a physical r.ature, yet it still Is a soul. Then, again, the assayer may sep arate the chemical elements. He does not destroy them. He simply separates them. Their relation t each other is now changed. The compound no longer exists, but the chemical elements still exist. In similar way death may separate the soul from the physical body. It 0oi not. destroy the elements of th body it simply separates them; and it does not- destroy the soul It simply liberates it from union with the body. The compound of chem ical and spiritual elements no longer exists, though the elements themselves are not destroyed. Their relations to each other have merely changed. Furthermore, since the properties of the gold In Its simple state tr more easily distinguished and more perfectly displayed than they ir In its compounded state. It follows that the properties of the soul may In some degree be masked and un discovered in its union with th body. Death may be the unmasking of the soul Just as assaying ts the unmasking of the it old. In any event the gold and the soul both survive the process of assaying and of death. The present existence of the soul warrants the assumption of Its continued existence, in the absence of proof that death destroys it. We do not know just what death is. We know only Its effects, or some of them. As the soul and body co-exist but are not identical, proof of the dismemberment of the body by death is not proof of the destruction of the soul. As death is not the destruction of the simpls chemical elements composing the body. It also Is not the destruction of the soul, or -simple spiritual ele ment.. Death seems to be rather the open door to man's higher estato of being, much as birth Is to hi lower estate. The denial of a first cause Is an asknowledgement of human immor tality. If the existence of a first cause be denied; if all creative acts as be ginnings be denied, and if It should be afirmed tnat the world Is eternal. and as they could not be very we!) tied In a proper position to a stake I took some narrow ptecea of wood about four Inches tons; md used tne? for splinters, wrapping them fast to the broken stalk with ft cloth. In this war the flower ialka were made to stand up erect and came Into full bloom. Another time I had a largo branch of s fins tree fuchala Injured bo that It was Juat hanging br a few thread, t restored tt to Its place and tha plastered the broken Joint with chewing gum and then made a sling of soft cjoth and thus held the broken parts together until they had healed. I,ast yrar I was called upon by a friend to doctor a double compound fractura in a large geranium, t first carefully propped the branch Into It natural position and then a strip of aoft old muslin was dampened and carefslly bound aroand the break. Over this ban flag was ar ranged three splints in the shape of burned match sticks and over these an other wet brnrtuff was placed end sewed. AM buds were removed from the branch so that all the vigor could go toward healing the wound. The bandages were kept wet all the time and the plant shaded. In doing plant surgery, that la. repairing; breaks and fractures, all the leaves except the upper ones should be removed end all flower buds n away. The plants should i : in the shade and well water hould also be kupt rrd. Problems aff the Gardea. Will you p!.,e tll m what la 1h mutter with my ro..? 1 ..nt you two flowers. The buah th. mallffr bud w.a taken from has always been affectad mora or less but the l&at two years vr, fiw of the buda have opened properly. ' Jne other baa been that I few weeks. I have a hlb way the laat blscue ftoul. da Fen on the weat aide of the houaa and a yucca fllamentoaa on the north alda. They have baen out two years but DeiLAar has bloomed. lo you think they are haded too much? MRS. T. M. Answer I doubt if the smaller rose will ever prove satisfactory in your climate and soil as it is not a variety which I would recommend for general garden cultivation. If you have never had satisfactory flowers from it for two years I would take it up and destroy It. for there are' too many good roses to waste time, energy and garden space on those which will not do well. As to the other rose it Is probably suffering from a looal climatic con dition, as I have roses in my own garden which are acting in the same way. I think you will find this rose will be all right, next spring. Aa to the hibiscus and the yucca they re quire quite a time to get established before producing flowers. In my own garden I have a yucca which flowered this summer for the first time after being out three years. It is planted on the north and under a wide spreading mountain ash tree. I do not think that either your hibiscus or the yucca get too much shade. Give them time and I think you will get satisfactory results. . T hare beard that the little plants which we see at so many places In Portland and particularly Id rock gar dens and called "snow-on-the-mountams" are poisonous. Can you tell me If this Is so, and Is it aafe to have It In the garden ? MRS. J. D. ft.. Weatevar Terraces. Answer 'Snow-on-the-Mount alns" Is a member of the Spurare family and nearly all of this group havt a milky fluid in them which Is an irri tant and therefore Is classed as a potson. I recently described In this department. Euphopbia margfnata which is a member of the family and it Is probably more potnonnn thnn Man Could Not Eat Anything Mr. Mervin Could Eat Nothing-Not Even Fruit "I suffered for six years from ptomsrh trouble and could not t anything not even fruit. I took a carload of Ptlli I have now taken two bottles of Adferkka (Intestinal antiseptic) and can eat any thing. I could write a newspaper (u-1 about Adlerika and certainly wou d not b without It." H!gnd H. . M-rvln. Intestinal Antiseptic. ThTe la now nf frre.l in tn public preparation having the porHl.K amm of an intestinal antiseptic and a m- PLETB system rltnr. This prepara- tion, known aa A.Hertka. It tends to eliminate or ful germs and coirn barilll rt as foliuws: destroy harm In the lmiU rial r-jtnal. thus auarding against append) Cltis and other dlacvaea having their start here. It Is the most complete syjrtem e'esnser ever offered to the public, acting on I HOTH unpf r and iowr b.wl snd r 1 nrv.ng L-ul matter wiilch poiond th ' m e im for months and whlrh nothing iF'in can dlJtodg". It brm out a-! !. thus immediately r-living pr snre on the heart. It Is astonishing the great amount of polonous matter Adle rika draws from the alimentary canal matter you never thought waa In your system. Try It ricat after a aaturai having panted success! vely through vast cj oles of development nd change from apparent chaos to or nVrly farm which cycle vr r"ur. like the oscillation of swlnglr pendulum, from everlaattne; to lasting; even then. man. the simple spiritual element, has existed from tthe most distant eternity, just a i hns ths gold or simple chemical (element, and liko ths gold la des tined to exini rortTT, i ni n trus we think Is incontrovertible, or at least cannot be sucesf ully dented. If ths soul has eltrd forever se an element in the world heme snd has not lost Its Identity l:i all peat tbe-rnity. with Its many changes -f relation, from the time of the whirl ing fire-mint to the era of the r-er-lect physical man. It certainly is not Inconceivable that man should con tinue to exist after dth in new and even unsuspected relation to the universe. Moreover, even If. after all. there prove to be no God or first cause, still all the facts pf human life physical, mental and moral all the facts of human ob ligation, of virtue, and of vice, to gether with their recompenses, re main wholly unchanaed. If firt cause exists but should be detroyJ. manv of these facts would be loel In that destruction; but If there actually be no fh-st cause, all theaa ffects exist and continue to east. Irrespective of our speculations upon the subject. And who ehail say that these facts, grounded as they assuredly are 1a humsn con aclousnes. are not consistent with the eternal world-scheme, which Is sweeping on to the consummation of another splendid cycle In coemle history cycle so vast as to be beyond the calculation of our mathematics and beyond Irnagtna ticn? Wisdom, whose excellent Impress Is stamped In all the forms and fa tures of the world around us, for bids that man. her noblest work, shall prove a sad misfit st Isst. stamping wisdom with the name of folly. Power, which la everywhere ex hibited In the kingdoms rf this word, forbids that man. who sways omnipotence, should, after all. prove weakest of the weak. And love, whoae tender sympath ies are so woven Into all ths fabrte of earthly life, forbids that man shall utterly perish from existence, and In death be robbed of future activity and joys of which love has dreamed. anme of the others. In aot, I know o? one florist who etrffared Quite distressingly from handling this Ku- phopbla. Milkweed le anothar member of the ftpurge family and we all know that the milky juice from It is quite an irritant. I hare never heard of any one suffering aeveraly from the poisons of these plants, but of course some persons are more susceptible to such Irritants than cthera. Geraniums frequently will poison persons and I have known of cases when the suffering has been quite serious. The oboenJoa primroses to many persona are vary colsonotM. yet there are many of ua who would not want to do without their bright little flowera. To tbosa who suffer from plant poisons I suggest that they do not handle suoh plants. I think you will find that the "Snow-on-the-Mountalns has little effect and If you use garden gloves will never be bothered by It irritating. IN PORTLAND CHURCHES (r'ontinu'-d Kri rir 4 ) "The Nfw itirth"; Krli.y, "Our 'v iit" derful HiMe." A number of noon meet Ing a wilt be held In Industrial plants the com Ing week. On Monday noon at the Inman-f 'outsrn Lumber rom patty : Tuesday noon st Multnomah Lumber tt Box company, and Thursday noon at the Jones Lumber company. e e At the Kern Park Christie n church. Forty -sixth avenue and Sixty-ninth street, a special Hil.i school sens Ion will be held st 4 A. M., followed at 11 o'clock by the public worship. Iter. J. K. Ghorm ley. 1). r.. will take for hfa them "The Reasurrectlon As Taught in Christian Kaptlnm. ills evening; topio will be "The Fait of ftabylon." The choru. under the direction of Mrs May Vail Fit !t Ingulf y, will give special selections. e e This morning at the Advent Chrle tion church on Hecnnd atreet. be- tween Hall end Lincoln streets, the pastor will speak on the enbjfct. "Th Uiuspeaksbls Turk in the Light of Prophecy." Next Hundty tits er mon topic will b "The Herond Com ing; of Christ." Valuable information has been received as a result of s canvas of the city In the vicinity f the church and ths fflcexe of Uie Sunday school will make eital ef fort to care for thoea) who will e rom members as a ret..t of the follow-up work by th pastor and his assistants. eee "The proposed law to compel parents to send children to public schools" will be the subject of Mr. EHot's sermon th!s morning at 10:30 o'cFock at the Church of Our Father (Unitarian), broadway and Yamhill. Th same question will be discussed at 12 M. by the men's class under the eederwhl of Dr. Edward O. Slnson. At 7:30 I". M. t he Young Peopla'a fratrn1t v will discuss "The Pre in Our Present Day Civil last Ion." led by Austin Hutchinson. On Wednesday, October 18, the federated club of the Wo men's Alliance will meet at 10 3n A. M.. and the postof flee mise'on Thursrlar "t S P. M movement and notire b"w r - foul matter It brings out hnl poisoning you. In i ht d .a vd - as occasional const i pati'.n. ur gas on I h stomach and s . k )" on M'O'-nrul A.rriks AI.WAYH rlif. A l"ngr tratfnf'T h-'" n"-eiary 1 n r. ajv s f t - lion and long s'anrtma; sU'i.niM h t- ,u. . preferably und'r d;rti'in of " icisn. R porta frnrs I'hywtctaa, "t congratuiata yrn on lt m- A frt I had fr"-i All-riha " I -scribed It." H;ne l rr I, t.e "I have fouix! nt h 1 r m io n practif to ! A) anks ' (jn1 Dr Jame- v'. .-r. "I it Adis-rika 'n a'l Km riuir rnle one rf.ta-" i:ierfi lr V M rMtyn.an "After taking Adrk ff hVtr n S ' for ?( rai Hava-n I i. in - .-aa th- AWFi-i. I fi : " r.id from my rt,tn " r'-i""' t Fo-ktt Alirlka Is a constant urp' to pis who hae u'1 n.y 'i! ti f b- ! snd stomach medic tn. ""lit f ! rapid. pasant an4 i o ' V I PCT K a'" i It la o,d bf ia4lDg an.gg.ste r-wbere.