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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (June 18, 1922)
THE SUNDAY OREGOXIATS', PORTLAND, JUNE 18, 1922 )unflairCS)rmtmn! .sTABUSHKDii HENRY 1 PJTTOCK ( 3,'ublisht'd by The Oregonian Pub. Co.. , 135 Sixth Street, Portland. Oregon. C. A. MORDEN, Ei. B. PIPER. Manager. Editor. The Oregonlan is a member of the As sociated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publi cation of all news dispatches credited to It -or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dis patches herein are also reserved. , Subscription Rutet Invariably in Advance. (By Mall.) Dally. Sunday included, one year . . . .$8.00 Daily, Sunday included, six months . 4.25 Dally, Sunday included, three months 2.25 Daily. Sunday included; one month .75 Daily, without Sunday, one year ..... 6.00 Bally, without Sunday, six months . . 3.25 Daily, without Sunday, one month.. .60 Sunday, one year 2.50 (By Carrier.) . - Daily, Sunday Included, one year .. . . Daily, Sunday included, three months 2-?5 Iaily, Sunday included, one month. .'75 Daily, without Sunday, one year .... 7.80 raily, without Sunday, three months. 1.W5 Iaily, without .Sunday, one month.. .fio ,' How to Remit Send postoffice money order, express or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at-owner's risk. :ive postoffice address 111 full, including rouuty and state. Postage Rates I to JO pages. 1 cent; 18 to 32 pages. 2 cents; ,S4 to 48 pages, 3 cents; fn to 64 pases. 4 cenvs; 6tt to 80 pages, 5 cents; H'l to OS j-ayts, 8 cents, i'oreign postage double rate. Eautern Buslnemi Offices Verree & Conklin, 300 Madison avenue. New York; Verree & Conklin, Steger building, Chi cago; Verree & Conklin. Free Press build ing, Detroit, Mich.; Verree & Conklin, Monadnock building, San Francisco. Cal. DEVELOP THE STATE'S RESOURCES. ', All circumstances are peculiarly favorable for success of the work of state development which has beea undertaken by the Portland Chamber of Commerce in conjunc tion with the state chamber. Al most ail the land available for settlement needs to be irrigated, drained or cleared of stumps in order to become fit for agriculture, but there are immense tracts of Such land, and the prospect of reclamation on a large scale grows brighter daily as opposition to the Smith -McNary bill weakens. The money market is easy, railroad finances have become healthy, and rtijtroad companies plan extensions into unoccupied territory, while paved highways are penetrating all sections. Sea transportation, rela tive cheapness of which raises farm prices, is more available than ever. The banking laws now enable the farmer to finance purchase of land and growing and marketing of crops on easy terms. Crops-may be stored and used as security for loans under the federal warehouse act. Co-operation is being widely extended for the packing and mar keting of produce at the highest price that markets permit and at the lowest possible cost. All of these conditions are favorable to a campaign to fill the empty spaces of Oregon with producers. 1 The work in prospect does not consist merely in persuading people to come to Oregon as homesteaders on public land and then leaving them to their own resources, as was the practice in the Kansas boom of forty years ago. While there is much land ready for settlement in western Oregon by subdivision of large farms, the main reliance must be on land which must first be prepared for settlement by irriga tion, drainage or olearing in large tracts. That requires pressure on the government for reclamation. As a project nears completion, the right kind of men must be found to occupy and cultivate -the land. That requires selection of men who either know farming or are able and willing to learn, not the pro miscuous enlistment of settlers, many of whom would certainly fail jand return to their old homes to cloak their own weakness with abuse of Oregon. Men should be picked who have in themselves the first requisites for success, which are ability to farm, willingness to learn, the will to work and, above these, readiness to endure the in evitable pinch of the first few years, when they must buy much, will have to make heavy payments on land, and will have little to sell. ; - A complete scheme would in clude some plan of financial help in the way of short-term loans to men whose own means are insuffi cient to carry them through the Initial stage, though each settler Should have some capital and should not be relieved of the neces sity of that exertion and endurance which are the test of his fitness. A loan to a man of the type de scribed should be safe, for such a man with good land, if properly equipped with implements, is good security with low moral risk. For this purpose some annex to the farm bank system might be ar ranged. ) ; As the largest field for settle ment will be on irrigated land, and its we must look for settlers in re gions where irrigation is unknown, Jt will be advisable to provide in struction in new methods bv placing an agricultural agent on each tract, to establish a small demonstration farm, and to have lecturers from the agricultural college-hold classes at the towns on eocja. tract. Where Irrigation, is un necessary, large farms will be sub divided into smaller units for in tensive farming with fruit, berries, vegetables, perhaps flax or sugar beets, and the corngrower or wheatgrower who comes from the prairie states will need the same kind, of instruction. Having'brought his land to the producing stage, the settler will next be confronted with the prob lem of marketing his crop. Recent experience has shown the average fanner to be comparatively help less before this problem. He can not keep well informed on market conditions, and he is usually with out means to carry his crop until those conditions become favorable. He has no alternative to selling to dealers, who buy . as cheaply as the farmer's necessity compels in order that he may make the largest possible profit and may at the-.worst not incur loss. The way out for the producer is co-operation, by which all producers of a certain commodity combine not tn(y to sell their crop in bulk, but to grade and pack it according to uniform standards, to warehouse it whye awaiting demand, to finance the grower during that period, to advertise on the large scale impos sible for individuals, to open new niaxkets, and by these means to cut down the wide gap between the producers' and consumers' prjee through elimination of un necessary steps in the process of distribution. "-Oregon agriculture offers a field f OFt at least three big co-operative associations to handle grain, fruit land vegetables, and dairy products. ! The grain field is well filled by C(ajon but the fnjlt fieId ls jnade- j quately filled by several local j associations, and the dissolution of , the Dairymen's league has split the ( dairy industry in the same manner. An essential part of the work be fore the state and Portland cham bers is the gathering together of the. local associations in each in dustry into state-wide organizations and the conduct of a campaign of education in the benefits of co operation for the purpose of enroll ing as nearly as possible all the farmers of Oregon in them. By sol doing the chambers would relieve the new settler of worry about marketing by providing him with an efficient, working association into which he would step as a member! -thus being left free to apply himself to production. Transportation being the chief agency of distribution, no effort Should be spared to promote exten sion of. railroads through the vast area of Oregon which railroads have neglected. All of central and southeastern Oregon needs rail roads, and so does the southwestern corner. The roads which now end at the edges of those sections should be carried through them to connect with main lines at each end, and the reclamation work in progress and in prospect will pro vide traffic. When the big railroad companies , are seeking popular support for their rival schemes of consolidation, the time is appro priate to commit them definitely to plans of this kind, and the easy money market and reviving pros perity deprive them of excuses for delay. At the same time construc tion of highways should be pushed, though it would be well to lay out routes at right angles to rather than parallel with the railroads, in order that motor vehicles may be feeders to, not competitors of, steam traffic. Water transportation on both rivers and ocean can be made equally valuable with rail transpor tation for economical distribution. More frequent sailings of steam ships with refrigerated space for Atlantic and foreign ports should be secured,- ' and the municipal docks of Portland should be equipped' with cold; or cooled, stor age f or the great quantities of per ishables that will be produced as more land comes under cultivation. Both the Columbia and Willamette rivers should be made to serve the combined purposes of navigation, power and reclamation by con struction of dams and power plants. - Development of the state's empty spaces thus appears to be a task not merely of planting people on the land. Its scope is so wide that it includes reclamation, financing of farmers, instruction in new methods, co-operative marketing, construction of railroads, highways, dams and power plants in the in terior, of fully equipped docks at the ports and' establishment of shipping lines across the oceans. With the requisites to the settler's success thus provided, we should be able to take our pick among a host of would-be Oregonians, and in proportion to our approach to fully providing them will be the settler's desire to stay and the growth of the state's population and wealth. LABOR UNIONS HAVE SAME RIGHTS. Much comfort for labor unions is found by the United Mineworkers of America in the- supreme court decision on the Coronado coal strike. That organization says in the June 15 issue of its official or gan, the Mineworkers Journal: - If a labor union can be sued, as was decided by the supreme court of the United States in the Coronado case, then it can also sue. Coal . operators secure Injunctions to prevent strikes. Labor unions could se cure Injunctions to prevent lockouts. They can and they have. The Oregondan a few days ago referred to the granting of an injunction to a union of garmentworkers in New York forbidding the manufacturers to violate a collective bargain con tract. ' . Here is an opportunity for the union longshoremen of Portland, whose ; journalistic champion says that the union men have not struck but have been locked out If that be true and if the construction which the Mineworkers Journal puts' on the supreme court decision be correct, then the longshoremen's union might appeal to the court for injunction against continuance of the lockout and for recovery of any damages caused thereby. But in order to establish its claim, the union would have to go into court with clean hands, that is able to prove Its readiness to make fair terms with the employers and in nocent of violence against the em ployers and their workmen. The organ of the mineworkers finds other consolation in the Coro nado decision. It cites several classes of wrong alleged to have been suffered by miners at the hands of operators against which injunctions might be obtained and for which damages might' be claimed in coii-r-t, and It says: - It would not require many such suits against employers to teach them that in junctions and damage suite are unpop ular and undesirable. It goes on to suggest: The injunction cannot be abolished nor destroyed. Therefore, why should labor unions not make use of it? And why snouia tney not tight damage suits with damage suits? Attention is called to limitations and restrictions in the decision "that take out some of its teeth." Contrary to former- contentions of employers, an international union cannot be held for damages in a local strike which it did not call, authorize or ratify. If a strike is conducted peacefully, without vio lence or lawlessness, "there will be no grounds for damage suits," for "a union can be held f of those things for which it is directly re sponsible, and nothing more." In fact, the . injunction and the damage suit are as fully at the service of the labor union as of the employer. ' That is no new dis covery, though in their anger at in junctions obtained against them labor leaders have lost sight - of their rights. As long ago as De cember 8, 1908, President Roose velt said in Ms message to con gress: - . During the last ten years and within my own knowledge at least fifty in. Junctions have been obtained by labor unions in New York city alone, most of them being to protect the union label (a property right) but some being ob tained for other reasons against em ployers. . ( .-- Instead of abusing the courts fn blind anger when injunctions are issued against labor unions, labor leaders would do well to keep in joyed by workmen as by employers, than the courts are open to all and that the same remedies are avaU- able fcto all citizens, wJithe.r em- ployers or employed. With the re sponsibility for their acts which the supreme court has impressed, . on labor, unions by the Coronado de cision go valuable rights and, as we have shown, these rights have been exercised. When they demand that employers be deprived of the right of injunction, labor leaders should bear in mind that they have the same right and that congress can hardly be expected to. take it away from one party to labor disputes unless it took the same right from the other party also. If labor unions would give greater heed to their responsibility under the law, they could with greater freedom exercise their rights. They would then find that the injunction is as valuable a protection against wrong for them as for employers. HARD TIMES AND THE DEATH RATE. The discovery made by Paul Buchanan of Indianapolis, who has been conducting special research work for the national organization of morticians, that the' death rate is lower during periods of indus trial depression agrees in the main with the figures concerning sui cide. It would be hard to convince the majority of people that hard times are a blessing, but such they would appear to be if the mortality statistics be our guide. The funeral director feels their effect In two ways; there are fewer people who require his ministrations and the families of those who do die have less money to spend for his mate rials and services. Mr. Buchanan's suggestion that the reason for a greater tenacity to life in relatively unprosperous pe riods is that people then live more simply, eat plainer food, take more exercise and consequently have better health, is plausible but per haps short of the entire truth. The fact that hard times bring definite problems, that they are apt to arouse the combative instinct, that they furnish many persons a goal toward which to strive is psycho logically worth taking intoconsld eratton. Not everyone will admit it, but it is pretty widely conceded by philosophers that the number of individuals who can "stand pros perity" is much smaller than that of those who bear up under mod erate reverses. It enhances our opinion of human nature to know that this is so. Fewer people resort to self destruction in the midst of great panics than fn boom times. We have no data on which to Judge how Americans would demean themselves in the face of a nation wide cataclysm, or a famine such as .in some other countries has driven whole populations to the verge pf despond. Nothing remote ly approaching the devastating events which have repeatedly oc curred in China and India and which Russians are now experienc ing ever came to pass since this continent was first settled by white men. Our most discouraging industrial period, which was probably the lat ter part of the decade of the thir ties, and' our bluest political years. the first two of the civil war, were times of roseate optimism by com parison with the plight of some of the peoples of the world now. -It is nevertheless inconceivable that the most profound national calamity imaginable would cause us to re act to despair. The combative spirit of the northern race, reach ing its highest development in the Anglo-Saxon peoples, is both a biological- and a sociological guar antee of its ultimate triumph against all odds. VAN DYKE'S BATTLE BALLAD. You do not often hear of Dr. Henry van Dyke these times. His books and poems, especially those charming yarns of outdoors, are in al! well chosen libraries, but have never won the guerdon of a wide and clamorous popularity. Many a maid, and many a cake-eater, for that matter, who know all about Elinor Glyn and Robert W. Cham bers would fly distress signals if required to identify him among the' literati. Yet the worthy doctor is content with' milder fame and, mayhap, the consciousness of work well done. Of this we are reminded by the reading of his most recent poem, "A Ballad of Princeton Battle," at the dedication of Princeton battle monument. Often do the mourners of the past lament the lost, Par nassian art of ballad making. The vogue of madness, of incompre hensible mush, has obliterated the true and early forms of verse with deluvian completeness. Nothing is left save sallow girls and chalky youths, baying the moon with un rhymed symbolisms. From this dreadful prospect, which sorrow and apprehension has moved them to magnify, let them turn as to ward a hill spring, to Dr. van Dyke's happy revival of the ballad'. It is imperative to quote: We looked beyond the upper bridge, across the swollen stream, And there, along the king's highway, we saw the redcoats gleam. "Twas Mawhood's regiment marching down To finish us off at Trenton town. "Go cut the bridge" and Mercer's men crept up along the stream. But the British turned toward Prince ton; Came bravely back for Princeton; And all the rest of that dim hour was wilder than a dream. Unfortunate it is, but painfully true, that of many dedicatory poems and poems written to com memorate historical heights, in only rare and golden instances does the poet attain equal stature with Ms opportunity. More often than not the presumably inspired tribute is comparable to those dreary verses which are mortuary of theme, and which while well enough meant have nothing to re deem them .save the final rhyme. J3ut the doctor, in his ballad. proved himself a bolladist of parts and if the forms of a ballad be trite, one should remember that balladists seek to imprison the thought and speech of the period. and to vitalize it with action and human fire. As an historical bal lad Doctor van Dyke's tribute to the Princeton continentals is of ex ceptional merit. ' . ' When they want an understand able poem for the papers, a bit of verse that warms the heart, some thing that, will stick in memory like a burr, though wholly without J roughness, it is significant at least that they do not press into service the Amy ' Lowells and the Carl Sandburgs. ' The battle of Prince ton wasn't an instance to what Carl and Amy would have done to its celebration. Still must we rely on the old gods, the old 'virtues, the old simplicities when we really need them. CROSSING ACCIDENTS. We shall watch with no small degree of interest, in view of the importance of the issue, the out come of opposite policies adopted by two western railroads in an effort to reduce the number of motor-accidents at railroad cross ings. The Northern Pacific has just announced that it will station observers at strategic points who will check the behavior of drivers during a period of sixty days and send notice to careless ones inform ing them that "if they took the trouble of having their cars always under perfect control when ap proaching, and of looking in both directions before getting on the track, practically none of the 7000 crossing accidents happening year ly would never occur." Coincident- ally news reaches us that the Southern Pacific company has be gun suit in a Los Angeles court against the owners of a motor truck which ran into and damaged one of the company's engines. Theoretically, the motive of self- interest ought to operate as a de terrent of reckless driving; prac tically It does not appear to work that way. It will not be supposed that any driver, however heedless, thinks that he is riding for a fall. But in these contrasting policies we are going to have an opportunity to compare the values of moral suasion and pocketbook reprisals in bringing about results. The "safety first" campaign, founded on the former principle, cannot be said to have been a complete success. Crossing accidents multiply, not withstanding the publicity they get. We get a new angle of the situa tion, with- the turning of the worm. Henceforth, on at least one rail road, the automobilist who ob trudes himself where he has no business to be and isn't wanted will damage railroad property at his own pecuniary risk, whatever be falls his own life and limb. Statistics prepared by both roads make an impressive showing of necessity for effective action. In four years 676 automobiles ran into the sides of Southern Pacific trains, causing fifteen deaths and injury to 253 persons. More than 200 broke through crossing gates and twenty ran down flagmen who had remained at their posts of duty un til the last moment. In one day on the Northern Pacific at a single grade crossing, 265 machines passed at full speed without the smallest precaution by thew drivers to in sure their own 6afety or those who were riding with them. In a number of instances fatal accidents were prevented "only by existing circumstances and not by any cau tionary act of theirs." Figures, .impressive as thiey are, lack final, convincing quality be cause of an Inherent and seeming ly growing indifference to the haz ard of everyday life. Plainly a drastic remedy is needed. We are about to discover which of two .is best justified by results. THE COURTS AND THE CONSTITUTION Being a lawyer and having served as district attorney early in his political career, Senator La Fol lette should know that the supreme court of the United States declares what the constitution and the law ore, not whet it thinks they should be. It is the plain duty of the court to construe the constitution for the guidance of the federal courts and. their officers and, if it finds a law of congress to be con trary to the constitution, to refuse to enforce it. The executive and legislative departments have estab lished the custom of acquiescing in the decisions of the supreme court as to conformity of laws with the constitution, doubtless realizing the necessity of interpretation by some one tribunal and the fitness of the supreme court to' perform that function. There is no usurpation of power. Congress is given authority by the constitution, to decide what ap peals the federal courts shall hear and decide. - It gives the courts broad latitude because it knows that, when the supreme court finds the constitution to forbid a law which the people plainly demand, and which should be enacted in order to bring the laws into con formity with the spirit and circum stances of the times, it has author ity by the vote of two-thirds of each house to adopt an amendment to the constitution and to submit it to the states, the ratification by three-fourths of which makes the amendment the supreme law, above challenge by the supreme court or any power in the land. The will of the people as thus expressed by their representatives 'is supreme, and the courts simply interpret and enforce It. The history of the Income tax ls an. apt Illustration. The supreme court declared the law passed dur ing the second Cleveland adminis tration, unconstitutional. In 1909 President Taft recommended a form of corporation income tax which was enacted by law and which the courts upheld. In 1913 on- amendment to the constitution permitting an income tax free from prior restrictions was ratified and finally adopted, having been recom mended by Mr. Toft and submitted to the states by a republican con gress. Under that amendment the income tax section of the Under wood act and all subsequent laws of the kind have been passed by congress and sustained by, the courts. That example shows haw for is the -present chief justice from usurping power in order to annul laws that are "offensive to great financial interests." . Attacks such as that of Mr. La Follette on the courts whenever they declare the constitution to for bid a law which the people or any considerable section- of them con sider desirable are the outgrowth of impatience with the restraints which orderly democratic govern ment imposes. In these days of revolution many persons are un willing to await the procedure pro Vided by the constitution to. give effect to the popular will, and they angrily denounce as hostile any i part, of the government which pre vents them from taking a short cut. By their conduct they encourage those who would, if they could, overthrow the constitution h armed force in order to establish Che rulft of n minority. That was the method of constitutional amendment by which the bolshe vists Imposed the hideous tyranny of 1 per cent of the population on Russia. It is the method which has kept Mexico in a state of al most- continuous civil war for twelve years, and to which- Felix Diaz is resorting in order to annul the radical constitution of 1917 and restore that of 1857. None but a demagogue or a revolutionist who scorns the principle of. majority rule which is the foundation of American democracy would attempt to introduce those methods into- the United- States or would incite those who are inclined to such an . at tempt. Now more than ever a man In the . position of Mr. La Follette should do his utmost to inspire respect for the courts, obedience to the law and resort to constitutional means of bringing about progress, for there., is abroad a spirit that leads many to select the laws which they will obey" and those which they- will defy and that, if given sway, would end in anarchy. But it is too late to hope for anything better from the Wisconsin senator. He long ago ceased to be a repub lican or a progressive. He degen erated into an obstructionist before and during the war, and- he is now a socialist in all but name. COMMENCEMENT DATS. ' Two decisive periods in the lives of young men and women are sym bolized by the typically American event called Commencement day annually celebrated in the schools and colleges of the nation. It will be assumed that compulsory laws, which are reasonably efficient in most states, will have taken care of the youth in his earlier years. But these guarantee but the com parative rudiments of the training which if persisted in is likely to spell the difference between a well- rounded and efficient life and. one culminating in vain regrets and unsatisfied- desires. If the decision, reached at the conclusion of the compulsory period, is in favor of continuing through high school it will be that much the better. There is nevertheless stiil another vital point that at which the youth is called upon to determine whether he will continue his schooling for , longer period or enter at once upon what he may be pleased to regard as his career. The gradually changing attitude of those who but a few years ago were clamoring for the "practical" in education is illuminative of a growing appreciation of the contri bution which the cultural studies make to durable happiness In life. Not so much is heard as formerly of the demand for exclusively tech nical training on the ground that it was rapidly and conveniently ex changeable for money. The recent declaration of a representative committee of the British labor party, that "the party is seriously concerned over the fact that in the industrial districts education is too much limited to utilitarian sub jects," furnishes an illustration to the point. "It is one of the funda mental principles of the Workers' Educational association" said a labor jparty leader not long since, "that every person not under the power of some hostile, overmaster ing influence is ready to respond to an educational appeal." There is a curious reversal of the once popular attitude in the further statement that The system of university tutorial classes originating in the ranks of labor itself has been based upon an ideal of citizenship and not upon a determina tion to acquire knowledge, although it was clearly seen that vague aspirations toward good citizenship without the harnessing of all available knowledge to its cause would be futile. After exception has been made for the body of young men and young women who are deter mined to acquire technical education for the laudable purpose of advancing both their position In life and their utility, to society, It ls clear that no educational appeal to working men and women will have the least effect If It is not directed toward the purpose of enriching their lives and through them the life of the community. The spirit embodied ' in this declaration explains the widespread reaction from the narrower view that only the practical studies are worth while. The way In which education increases chances for ad vancement has been stressed by the advocates of the cultural studies no less than by those who have be lieved that the sole test of the curriculum was its material utility. The line between the two is not always or even" often closely drawn-; it is broadly true that every prac tical course, has a definite cultural value which calls for some recon struction of pedagogical ideals; but it is also true that the narrowly conceived utilitarian education con demns its victims to the limited sphere of their mistaken choice. "It allocates' its recipients," said President Macmlllan of Wells col lege the other day, "to the little corners of life and condemns them to remain there forever. The cook remains a cook, the plumber a plumber, and the dentist a dentist." There is a. thought for every stu dent confronted with, the necessity for making a. choice in Dr. Mac millon's further suggestion: Frequently, too, It appears later that the choice of profession has been ill ruade. The plumber should -have been a dentist and the dentist a plumber, but it ls too late to make the change. Each is doubly damned, first by being forced into a corner and then by finding him self a misfit even there. As they began their practical studies in early life and proceeded immediately from them to the wage-earner's bench they have no time and no opportunity to acquaint them selves except In the most superficial way with any other field of knowledge. They have they can have comparatively little in common with one another. The answer to the demand for economic efficiency at all costs is Germany, and the story of the fail ure of the Prussian system; in all its perfection is well known. There is better ground- for supposing that the aspirations of those who seek education in its best sense will not be met unless a large measure of the cultural is included. That this will be more nearly attained as the reaction from excessive indulgence in electives progresses is extremely probable. Dr. Macmlllan, in his thought provoking discussion of the sub ject, notes a remarkable unanimity In the replies he has received to inquiries he has made of profes sional men and women whether they pursued a broadly cultural course before proceeding to their technical training and If so whether they approved the course and if not whether they regretted it. Almost without exception those who had such a course are glad and those who have not feel the need of it and regret that they did not have it. The argument with these, as the writer points out, ter minates in much the manner as would a discussion with a- young ster who could not at first see the need of the multiplication table but was required to take it on faith. The modern supporters of educa tion beyond the mechanical re quirements of a particular calling are constantly being reinforced- by the dual army of those who, having had it, now enjoy its benefits and of others who regret too late that they were not more wisely guided from the start. The proposal that the daisy should be, by congressional act, recognized as the national flower of the United States, will awaken great difference of opinion- though the issue Involved is not worth troubling about. Some will say that the daisy is often pestiferous in its habits, and champion a less tenacious flower. Thousands will reject the proposal to honor it on the personally sufficient ground that their hearts are elsewhere. And, for the matter of that, which daisy is meant? Each state, al most, has a flower of its own which it- so denominates, though the forms vary widely. Surely it has in any guise a' comely, cheer ful, most appealing face this first flower that little children pluck. But the shy beauty of the wild rose, the sweetbriar, is equally common and . needs no advocate. To designate any One flower as a national flower is to cheat so many of their dues that one shrinks as from disloyalty. Have you ever, mayhap, looked upon a wild blos som without feeling that, in its way, it was quite the most distinctive and lovely of them all? The Institute for Public Service in calling attention to reports which show out of about 10,000 college graduates this year nearly one-third will adopt teaching as a career ob serves also that the proportion of men among them is increasing. In 1920, according to the federal bu reau of education, only .24 per cent of teachers in secondary schools were men; the new estimates of the institute place the proportion at 30 per cent.- The change has been largely influenced, of course, by better salaries for teachers in the country at large, brought about by the crisis of a few years ago, and it is welcomed' by educators who regard it as no disparagement of women teachers to hold that the in terests of youths of both sexes in co-educational institutions are best served where teaching is also on a co-educational basis. The fact that about 3000 new positions are open in American high schools each year makes it apparent that even at the present rate the colleges will not soon furnish on oversupply. The figures of Dr. Walter Laid law, special agent of the federal census bureau,- relating to the mem bership of churches indicate that formal religion is. holding its own, notwithstanding gloomy estimates of pessimists to the contrary. A membership of religious bodies of 46,059,500 on December Z, 1921, which is set down as the pres ent "church-going population," is equivalent to about 42 per cent of the entire population of the coun try, and- compares with 41,926,854 church members in 1916, or 41.3 per cent of the population in that year. Though the gain is but a fraction of 1 per cent, it is suf ficient to refute the contention- that religion is ebbing. Taken in con nection, moreover, with the largest number of individual contribu tions that the churches have ever known, it points to a high measure of sincerity as manifested- in .prac tical works. The movement to abolish tipping in' Europe by including it in the bdll has resulted only in paying tips at. both ends of the line. It takes something more than a reso lution to abolish an abuse of that kind fundamental training in character being a prime requisite. A few Boy Scout troops in Europe would accomplish more than ail the hotelkeepers in the world can do. Scientists who are now predict ing that the conditions of the terti ary period will return to northern Europe worry us about as much- as those who are discussing the dura tion of the heat of the sun. A few million years,' more or less, are nothing to bother about, even among people who are up to their eyes in debt. If Lenin does not recover Rus sians will have a chance to discover how sovietism fares without a strong hand at the helm. Sooner or later the people will be compelled to take oharge f their own af fairs. Grover Cleveland Bergdoll is said to be so haunted by fear of cap ture that he can find no rest. He might calm his nerves by reading Dr. Hale's famous tale o "The Man Without a Country?" One of Mr. Edison's questions is: "Who was Count Rumford?" As a test of general information: it will be widely agreed that this question could not easily have been sur passed. The movement to stop umpire baiting is not only a serious threat at pur personal liberty, but it promises to take a good deal of fun out of attendance at baseball games. "Senator Lodge uses plain Eng. lish and calls the whole story a fabrication," says a Boston dis patch. Colonel Roosevelt could have- made it even plainer than that. We still fail to discover anything in the recent descriptions of life in Europe to vitiate the principle that it is a good thing to see America first. - In a few years at the outside, at the present rate, the rhododendron will rival the rose as the glory of the gardens of Portland. It is safe to wager a moderate sum on the prediction that De Valera's twins will not be named "Lloyd" and "George." ' It will take a greater genius than an oil stock promoter to put across sale of a Russian popular loan in the United States. After all, we wouldn't give much for the boy who Isn't glad that va cation time 5a here, The Listening Post. By DeWltt Harry. ONE of the most horrible things that could happen in a big city Ls to get lost, and on top of that to get lost in a mob of 15,000 people. This happens every Sunday the base ball teams play here for there are always several wandering women loose in the grandstands, looking in vain for their escorts. All aisles look about alike and it's a hard matter to pick out one little seat in a crowd so large, especially when everyone is intensly interested in the game and not in anyone else's misfortunes. So the poor woman search and walk, growing alarmed in time as they go up and down one aisle after the other with no suc cess, and the wonderful smile of re lief when some rescuer -comes to their aid and puts them right once more, reunites the parted! friends What happy moments is these! On the Sunday doubleheaders, four and more hours, of baseball, quite a few family parties seem to have developed the practice of mak ing it a picnic party, bringing a pocket iunch that they supplement with generous purchases of hot pup pies, cold polars and pop. Half a day of baseball means that some men .grow whiskers while watching the afternoon's sport and the ravages to the poor girl's faces must be terrible, judging from the great amount of time they put in re pairing the damage. Some powder and color is used in an afternoon at the ball orchard, "Have you the Septennis Psorias is?" eaid an elderly man who was walking through the orchard dis trict on Burdoin mountain selling fruit trees and shrubbery, and, as he drank the proffered glass of water, gazed admiringly upon the old fashioned flower stand filled with geraniums an' sich. The lady, who was proud of her dear old plants, replied: "No, I had it last winter, and I gave it to "the preacher. It came out beautifully In the spring." (Nope, tain't a plant; by golly, ifs "seven-year itch.") BILBATES. . , Dear Sir: That mean man that Bilbates located down in Hoc-d River district has'ent got eny thing on the fellow I once meet at a boarding house up on the Trask river. This man was so stingy that he want the landloard to reduce his board bill cause he had two teeth pulled, and then turn around and sues the cook claiming he cut the bread so thin that he wore out his sleeves reach ing for it. Brown Hackle. The editor of the Perry, Wash., Observer, gives a perfectly lucid ex planation of a slow municipal job and evidently has had plenty of ex perience In observing such contracts. He says: The principal reason work is pro ceeding so slowly on the new city hall is there is so much delay. MY FAVORITE YARN. BY KORN KOBE. A presumptuous young blood in Vancouver, Wash., wishing to show off before his "111" lady fren'," ac costed a Scandinavian workman, who was diligently loading prun ing"s, junk, n' everything into his can, as xuuuwa. "You take all sorts of rubbish in you cart, don't you?" "Ja-ay tank so. Yump in! Yump in!" ' The Clackamas river must be paying big dividends to those who own land along its margin. It used to be that there were plenty of fishing spots along the stream, but now the most of them are fenced off and along the road are signs notify ing the would-be angler that a charge of 25 or 60 cents will be made for fishing at that spot or the invader punished for trespass. Though of the talkative sex, little Frances, 8 years old, has been taught by her parents', the art of keeping a secret and it irritates her to be suspected of telling anything she is asked not to tell. She was visiting her aunt who had a young lady visitor. Auntie had warned Frances beforehand so she began to talk of things which were secrets. The visitor looked at Frances and said: "Little pitchers sometimes have big ears, my dear." Frances, with a look of scorn, agreed with her. "Yes," she said, "but that doesn't hurt if they don't have any spouts." Evidently they were from away out in the weeds, and they watched with amazement the clocklike move ments of the Shrine drill team as the captain ordered: "Left face, right by seotlons, fours Into line, about turn, halt! Three steps for ward march, backward march," etc. The old graybeard .turned to his calico-clad partner: "There's a fellow, Sadie," he said, "who can beat you at changing your mind." The picnic season is here. The neglected lunch basket will be placed in the midst of an ant hill. The party will choose some mosquito-haunted grove. Snakes will wriggle from the grass. Bees and hornets will appear uninvited. Stom achs will be loaded with green fruit In the heat of the day. Noses will blossom a bright crimson and faces peel from the sun. But, then, it's not always that bad. The Wayne county Examiner says: Quite an accident occurred near Sims while B. Withrow was passing Mr. Tom Harls and began to shoot at him. Mr, Harls son got his gun and shot two of Mr Withrow's boys. One died right away and the other ls not expected to live. - Evelyn. ' ' Edmund J. Kiefer, in Judge. There's powder on her bit of nose. And paint to make each cheek a rose; Her skirts a lively length disclose Of grace and girlish charm: She dances to the maddest Jazz At every happy chance she has; Her vamping ways shock some, but as For me I see no harm For I have noted in her eyes The smiling light of love arise All youthful, sweet, unworldly-wise As pure as pure can be: And she's the same at heart, I know. As shielded girls were years agot t - fvnwn An her hilt nh. I Expect no frowns front me! Woodland Law. By Grace K. Hall. Oh, wonder of the Woodland notes So filled with melody! They ripple from the feathered thoats In tones of ecstasy; Now shrill and high, now soft and low. With quick calls here and there, A rhythmic murmur seems to flow Upon the ambient air; From every bough and every tree Comes sweet, full-throated song. And marvelous the harmony, with ne'er a note sung wrong. Men go, rebelling, to their toil. And everywhere is strife; A spoken fret, ferment and roll In every field of life; Man harnesses his greatest thought. Endows his dream with wings. And yet the wonders he has wrought Are harsh, nerve-grinding things. Is this because he may not build Save crudely, at his best? The earth with wondrous goods is filled , His every sense to test. He makes attempt most seriously And does the best he can. Yet nature, most mysteriously. Excels his every plan. Within the woods are countless sounds Of workmen, skilled and true. And evidence of toil abounds All Nature's kingdom through; Yet never harshness there is heard. And rapture thrills and rings In every tone of every bird That lifts its soft-plumed wings. There is one law within the wood Where countless creatures dwell. And they have tried and found it good In every nook and dell: "Live and allow to live" this law Brings harmony complete. Yet men refuse to heed with awe Such precepts plain and sweet. JUNE IN OREGON. Glancing through the daily papers Every morning, noon and night. I perceive folks still cut capers, Bicker, quarrel, loot and fight Once I might have got excited. Keen to know who lost or won. But, just now, Tm too near-sighted. For it's June in Oregon! I've received an invitation feVom a "warm" friend in the east To repair to his plantation. There to linger, loaf and feast Once I might have quickly skidded Back toward the rising sun, But, just now, I can't be kidded. For it's June in Oregon! There's a boat will soon be leaving For an oriental port. And the owners may be grieving When they find the list one short. Once I might have grasped the chance Of seeing lands that hold much fun, f But I'd miss the Bwift advance ot June, fair June, in Oregon! I am told there is a heaven Far beyond our farthest shore. Where a welcome flag is wavin' For good souls, when life is o'er. And I'm sure right thpre you'll find me, When my course is fully run. For I'm told it will remind me Of June days in Oregon! J. S. STUNZ. A DENIAL. There is no real love in the breast Of any woman horn; There is no real love in the world, I laugh your proof to scorn, For I have loved as no man loved, And I am left forlorn. Just like a ship that sprung a leak Upon a troubled sea. The captain of my life and hopes Who ruled my destiny Has found a fairer ship to sail, So she has abandoned me. And now, a derelict, I drift Upon life's restless tide. The light that at my masthead shone Has flickered low and died; And no one cares what port I make; My hopes are crucified! So I proclaim there is no love There may perhaps be pride. Or unleashed passion strong enough To make a willing bride. But does she say her love Is true? Her wanton lips have lied. There is no real love in the breast of any woman born; There ie no real love in the world I laugh your proof to scorn. For I have loved as no man loved, And I am left forlorn. AUGUST WESTMAN. REWARD. I walked through the purple vine yard, I looked o'er the ripening grain, And I know that the yeoman's heart was glad That his labor was not in vain. The grandsi're old, three score or more. Had walked with valiant man. But oftimes heartaches took the place Of joys that should have been. I saw the patient mother. Her eyes o'er filled with tean, Her pathway often clouded With many fading fears. Though clouds had hid the lightness Of many sunny days, At the end there gleamed the bright ness Of the rainbow's radiant rays. But faithful came the promise, Though her life seemed only leaves, She soon would be returning, "Bringing in the sheaves." NELLA S. KEASEY. RETRIBUTION. Hawthorne! White, with frowning brow, Pure, against a sky of gold, Tell me why a lurking harm Lives beneath your snowy arm; Piercing thorns your fingers hold? Once, beneath my budded pearls, Came a weary, royal guest, u And I spread my pillows white For the wanderer of the night. Meet for such a king to rest. In .the dawn he took his road Met a mighty company. That with loud, triumphal cry Bore him to a hill to die, Crowned with thorns, upon a tree. Thorns, henceforth, I grew, in grief; Thorns, like slender spears, I hide; Think you I can love them now. Who pressed thorns upon the brow Of hlra who for their sake has died? MARY ALETHEA WOODWARD. REMEMBRANCE. Curious how we like to get Thoughts from one we can't forget; Funny how they do recall Days we cherished, one and all. Strange how great a love can grow, Greater than perhaps we know; Odd the road may fork and turn. Still the heart with love doth burn. Queer how though we have to part Kver thoughtful is the heart; Wonderful how strong and true Same old love, but ever new. R. M. C.