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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (March 21, 1920)
s. .' ; ; . . ' . - ' .';.-- .- - . -. - - v i I THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, TORTLAXD, 3IARC1T 21, 1920 2, i. t 1 K i - - ft , '.? A. j:.;ivi..V:f1'A.::.;1,.':i:'(-is S W: Science Is Able Now to Explain Why Some Twins Cannot Be Told Apart, and Why Some Do Not Bear Even the Slightest Re semblance to Each Other. 1 4 v " - i .-.a ?...K-a ( 4 1 &Z;7y rzrfri:i i 1 l4fjrtlllJr 'J L-r...!S 1 t 1 tr-' t Theae tTTtn slstera "ne SO yeora eld n hrm this photo- Hrr are the Johaaoa twtna. ahowa la the ether ale- irrapk of then was takea at Bethel. Me. They were much alike, evea to a foadaeaa for white cata. rare it rbildrro, a thejr rrarliea the diaaltr haadnvate ;oud( miaaea. At tkla aa etra thrir handMrltlDK ia alike. They are !) togrthrr aad are ery food of each othrr. 4 s inz ;&f d6 'ir??r,.l1 22222 v ' ? Tnin aUtera, Lettie aad I.inda Jobaaon, aa babtea aad yoiinaratera aot yet In the "teen ace- Ther were very mnch alike In every way, even at the yoanser asea, their pareata and frlenda noted. Ineae two pretty aiatera Tepreoent the type known na Hdrntloal twins.' vea their beat friends cannot tell them apart whea they meet. BY JOHN SHELDON1. ACCORDING to Hoyle, two of a kind are worth more than two that are dissimilar, f rom ine human interest point of view, the same rule 6eems to apply to babies. Note, for instance, the announce ment of the arrival of a new-born baby. Father, puffed up with justi fiable pride, trades cigars for con gratulations. Mother and the other children are happy over the arrival of just one more little baby in the home. But, observe the difference if it's twins! Father proclaims the news from the housetops. Mother feels that she has been doubly blessed. No one baby, no (our brothers or sisters born at different times, could create as much combined excitement, envy and neighborly interest as the arrival tif twins in the family. Twins, as the average layman's lim ited knowledge of the subject enables him to uderstand, are always a sur prise. Nobody orders them; nobody expects them, and when they arrive they are doubly welcomed in spite of the unpreparedness. And twins, as twins, always remain more. or less of & mystery. With the intention of gathering as much new data as possible about twins, the American Genetic associa tion issued an invitation about 15 months ago to grown-up twins and the parents or guardians of young twins all over the world to com municate with the association. Re sponses were received from no less than 600 twins and parents of twins, many of the letters being accom panied by exceedingly interesting photographs of twin babies, twin young men and twin young women, twin old men and twin old ladies. And the Journal of Heredity, the official orgau of the association, has now is sued a pecial number devoted en tirely to twins. In this issue Pro fessor C. H. Danforth of the depart ment of anatomy, Washington uni versity school of medicine; Harris Hawthorns Wilder, professor of 20 clozy, Smith college; Professor Fred erick Adams Woods, lecturer on bi ology, Smith college; Professor Fred Technology, and other distinguished writers on subjects dealing with eu genics and heredity, tell o'f many new and curious discoveries about the why and the wherefore of twins. Twins, It appears, are of two or more kinds. There are, for instance, identical twins described by Professor David Fairchild, the well-known gov ernment botanist and president of the American Genetic association, as the only human beings in the world who have exactly the same heredity. "If we can find ogt," Professor Fair child declares, "the characteristic ways in which identical twins remain the same throughout life, the quali ties and habits and mannerisms which persist unchanged in them both, in tpite of their living in entirely differ ent surroundings, we shall know more than we do at present about what at tributes are heredity and fixed and what are those which we can hope to modify by environment and edu cation." Uiffereacea Between Twina. Identical twins are always of the same sex and always resemble each other to an extraordinary degree throughout the whole of their lives. Fraternal twins, on the contrary, do not resemble one another and may not even be of the same sex. To explain the difference between the two kinds of twins Professor Fair child uses, by way of illustration, two apple seeds taken from one apple. The seeds may be planted and per mitted to grow into large trees, each presumably capable of bearing, in its turn, large, luscious apples of the eame variety as the parent tree. When the two trees have reached the fruit bearing age we are surprised to And Ifcat one tree yields an annual crop of splendid eating apples. The other tree bears apples which are too sour, or bitter, to eat. Even the two trees themselves may be distinctly differ ent; one may grow tall and graceful, the other being stunted and spreading. The explanation offered Is that they may have had different heredities at the very start. The two seeds, al though they came from the same apple, were dissimilar in character istics; so unlike, in fact, that one de veloped into a beautiful tree yielding sweet and rosy apples while the other tree was gnarled and stunted and yielded sour apples which even the boys of the neighborhood didn't con sider worth stealing. "Supposing, however," Professor Fairchild continues, "we were to di vide a single seed from an apple and that these two exact halves could be planted and that they grew; would we not then Kg able to produce two apple trees which looked alike and which, when they bore, had almost exactly similar fruits on them?" Two such trees, growing alike, looking alike and bearing apples which were similar in coloring, size shape and taste, could be called iden tical trees, just as similar twins are called identical twins. And the two unlike apple trees, grown from two seeds taken from one apple, could be called fraternal trees, just as 6ome twin children are known merely as fraternal twins. It may be argued that so-called identical trees, each starting from only half a seed, cannot grow. That is quite true. They cannot. They were introduced here merely for purposes of illustration. With so-called iden tical twins Dame Fortune deals more kindly, although their prospects may have seemed no better than those of identical trees. The twins do grow. Again it may be argued that iden tical twins will lack in mental and physical vigor. The best answer to that Is found in the eminent Gros venor twin brothers, Gilbert and Ed win. They are identical twins and similar in almost every respect. Dur ing their whole lives they never have varied more than one pound in weight. In college their grades never varied more than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Their tailor says that one of the twins has a snort left arm and the other a short right arm. Nothing but a most exact measurement would reveal this though. Although absolutely dependent upon f '' i :... ? .'VA f 4f S i : iJ y.-.NSw J mI $ A - : - v A Tracings from sale prints of the twin eieters, "May" and "Mabel.' t -sty; X T , These two sister are "fraternal twl twins. They have very j America. Briefly, the records of the Grosvenor brothers, admittedly iden tical twins, are sufficient to Khattrr any theory that identical twins are lacking In mental or physical vigor. Professor C. H. Danforth, who ex amined much of the data received concerning the history and ante cedents of twins, found ample evi dence that the same resemblances and differences obtain with reference to mental traits as are found for char acteristics that are generally thought of as more purely physical or physi ological. Over and over the two twins of a pair enumerate virtually the same list of preferences and aver sions. This was proved by the an swers received to a questionnaire sent to twins wherever It was possible to reach them by mail. One pair of twin girls heartily dis like mathematics while another pair Traclnga from palm prints of two "identical twina." "May and "Mabel," ahovr how hand printa differ even In twins. glasses each can wear the other's. Their illnesses have oftea coincided. They always have been devoted friends and frequently their letters cross. Most of their tastes are simi lar, but they never agreed when it came to girls. As students at Amherst college they divided the highest honors In the classroom and on the tennis field. To day one is a director in the National Geographic society. The other is a special assistant to the United States attorney-general and partner in one of the most important law firms in ARGENTINE CITY STILL GAY, BUT WITHOUT "HIGH JINKS" Indulgence in Liquor Almost Universal and Observers Think Prohibi tion Would Have No Chance. v I U-t-.MJS AiKfciS, March 20. JJuenos l- Aires, which once had the repu- ' tation of being a "wide-open" city and "gayer than Paris," ig "not what it used to be," in the opinion of many travelers who were here be fore the war and have returned re cently. The gayety is still here, they say. but It is more decorous, and mean time the lid has been clamped upon many resorts in which the worst sort of license was wont to flourish open ly. Public gambling places have been also banned, dissolute women have been driven off the streets and, be ginning this year, the police have begun the suppression of houses of ill fame. The claim is made that Buenos Aires is today cleaner morally than ever before in its history, due to the "reform" regulation of a recent city administration and continued by the present one. Heavy Tax Placed on Cabarets. The city council also a few days go passed an ordinance Imposing a tax of 20,000 pesos annually on cab arets, which is expected to put some of the lower-class" places out of busi ness. La Epoca, the government or gan, in approving the measure, refers to the Buenos Aires cabarets as "es tablishments -of corruption" and de mands that minors be prohibited from entering them. What are termed "cabarets" in Buenos Aires are merely dancehalls with an orchestra and, with one or two exceptions, are poor ly furnished. Drinks are served, but there are none of the entertainment features which make the cabaret suc cessful in the United States. Here and in the restaurants, both of which are open all night, is where most of Buenos Aires "gayety" centers. Theaters and moving-picture houses do not close until 12 or 12:30 o'clock. As late as 2 o'clock numerous res taurants and cafes are still filled with men, and some women, with orches tras or electric pianos going full blast. Streets In the "gay life" district are still brilliantly lighted, taxicabs flit about and the sidewalks have strollers. What is called "reveling" In the restaurants is, however, not in evidence. The patrons sit and listen to the music, eat or sip their wine or other drinks, but, as an American ob server put it, there are no high jinks." Liqnor Indulgence ITnlversal. It is considered that a prohibition movement in Argentina would find a very strong sentiment to overcome. Recent dispatches from the United States telling of the Intention of North American prohibitionists to In vade South America did not appear to cause much concern here, where indulgence In some sort of alcoholic liquor is almost universal. The news papers Ignored the dispatches edito rially. One entire province, Mendoaa, Is devoted to the wine industry, and just as in Latin-American countries of Europe, the drinking of wine seems to be regarded almost aa natural as the drinking of water. There are probably as many bars in Buenos Aires in proportion to popula tion as there were in New York in pre-prohibition days. In these bars thirsty Americans just arrived from the United States find familiar drinks. The "Manhattan," "Bronx" and "Clo ver Club" cocktails are as well known by the same names as in New York. The "Martini," however, is here called "San Martin," which is the name of one of the patriots of Argentine hist" j Sailors Welcome Peals of - Big New York Bell. Tower CliH'k, Marvel of Mechanism, Sounds Ship Time. ns," quite different frvm "Identical opposite characteristics. record It as their favorite study. One twin mentions that not only do s lie and lur sinter commonly dream about the puiiie pcr.ioiiH but they dream the same things about them. Sim state' that this happens even when they are in different places. Many twins state that their fond ness for each other far exceeds their liking for other brothers and sisters. Both men and women twins write that they are always dlsKatlof ied when separated from their co-twin. It is noticeable. Prof. Danforth enys, that twins who express this senti ment are not only of the eamo ecu. but otherwise similar. On the other hand. It Is quite pos sible, as Prof. Harris W. Wilder points out, that either fraternal twlrs or children of different births but with the same parents, may show many similar qualities. POLISH PRINCESS ARRIVES IN AMERICA WITH HUB AND Great Pianist Paderewski May Play in Public Again if Health Recovers From Strain Caused b;' Strenuous Politics. AS seafarers) enter New York har bor and sail past the famous Bat tery, they are welcomed every half hour by a big bell in the tower of the fist dock on the New York side of North river. It is a welcome sound, especially to sailors and seafaring men, because it strikes ship time. That is. It strikes one at 12:30 A. M and one more every half-hour until "eight bells," or 8 o'clock, in tlie morning. Then it begins over again and strikes up to eight bells at 4 o'clock In the afternoon, sjid so on throughout the day. This new pier clock is said to be only one of its kind in the United States. It has four glass dials in the tower, each six feet in diameter, and is Illuminated automatically by elec tric light at night. Just behind the dials is a thousand-pound bronze bell, which was recently presented as a memorial to the sailors and soldiers who gave their lives in the great war "that freedom might live." The clock Is different from most of its kind, in that it has only one ham mer as a striker, Instead of two. wheie the works are so carefully construct ed that automatic strikes not only control the length of the blows, buH prevent mem irora Koing Deyona ine number required. The works are a marvel of construction BY CONSTANCE DUEXKL. ONE of the latest arrivals In the diplomatic circles In Washing ton is Princess Canimir I.ubo- mlrska, wife of the new Polish na tion's minister to the United Slates. There are four young children In the family. Like all women of the Polish no bility. Princess Lubomirska (in Po land the final I of the husband's name is changed to an a for the women members of the family) Is an accom plished linguist. She speaks English. French, German and Polish with equal fluency, also has a knowledge of Rus sian and Italian. She Is delighted with the oppor tunity of being ill America, and hailed her husband's appointment to this country with great Joy. During a talk with her, she told me that two of their estates in Galicla had been destroyed by the ravages of war dur ing the Russian campaign. Cracow Home Mot Damaged. "But our home in Cracow, where we lived most of the time," she said, "did not suffer, and we have even been able to bring over some of the precious things we had there." Because of difficulties in transpor tation, It was impossible to bring over much furniture, but Included in the boxes were some handsome pictures and old Flemish tapestries which will soon grace the new Polish legation. Princess Lubomirska had to receive with the click of typewriters as an accompaniment to conversation. The offices of the legation are in the same house, and the officials and their secretaries are very busy with their affairs. The office of the min ister is next to the drawing room, and the prince Is sure to come in if the visitor happens to be au Ameri can who has visited Poland. "My husband made a flying visit here 20 years ago," she said, "but T t..,A 1. . V. 1, 11 i h... ttmiiu'h nf x 1 1 a iiv . v . vv.ii, 1 . v. . . 1 r, . . course, I have heard so much about America, especially from the Pad-j erewskis, whom we have visited In I their villa on the lake of -Geneva." I The princess - paid a great tribute) to Hie cx-pretiiler and how much he had been able to do for It i s country. She suiit that his retirement was by no means a downfall, but obligatory, beau.se of his 111 heallh, when strong, fresh men were needed. Aked If the great pianist would ever play again, the princess replied that such a step was not too improbable. "Ha will do anything to help Ms country." she said. But the princess shies at the dis cussion of anything political. "H. -ing a diplomat's wife I must not, and anyhow I don't know much about polities because I am so busy with my children, and, besides, my own tastes run to things social. EDITOR MEETS NOVELIST i:. I,. Gotlkiu Tolls of lukinff Din ner With Henry James. E. L. Goilkin. the founder of tli.i New -York Nation, was 0410 of the closest friends of tho late Henry James, and he described him in one of his letter as "a delightful creature, too good for either England or Amer ica." Their acquaintance, it appears, began in the 60s, when the James family was living In Cambridge, Masx. The future novelist was then a youth of 19 or 30, just beginning to try his literary wings. There could lujt be a more enter taining treat, Mr. Godkln recalled afterward, than a dinner at the Janien house when all the young people were at home. They were full of stories of the oddest kind, and dincuxKed questions of morals or taste or litera ture with a vociferous vigor so great as sometimes to lead the young men to leave their seats and gesticulate on the floor. Woo leu .Mills Enlarge. SHERUROUKK. R. v. The Cana dian Connecticut Cotton Mills com pany have let axontraet for an addi tion to their plant and exnect by the fall tot be employing from tOO to tvu more men. : .1- . 1 1 1 :'.-'r. v r, -. ---.. t.. ;v .'...-,v -T 1 v' a v
