Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (July 13, 1919)
: : ; r : : -i THE SUXDAT OREGOXIAN, POBTLAXP, JULY 13, 1919. 8 AIRPLANES INSPIRE TERROR AND END YEAR'S FIGHTING WITH REBELS IN HAITI'S. JUNGLES A Song of Victory Amen cn Marines Use Tear Bombs and Machine Gun Fire Until Natives Are Ready for Peace and Willing to Quit Existence as Bandits. ' : - t . , - I IT, .-. . 1 i dtu 3 M f, - I on the most turbulent little island the AS EVHRYONE knows on the French front daring the icreat war thai airplane proved Its ef ficiency as a flKhtlnK machine, and now. flashing- out of the clouds like the replica of some prehistoric winged monster, airplanes manned by Vncle Cam's marine aviators, are sweeping the jungles of the turbulent republic of Haiti and finally bringing peace to that island after years of fighting. In fact a peace treaty down there Is about due. With so many big and Important hap tenings In world's affairs going on In Kurope, most of us have entirely for gotten that In the little Island republic 14 the south of us Uncle Sam has for many months been conducting a minia ture war of his own. Small as it might seem, for a big country like ours to handle. It has been far from an easy Job, as guerrilla fighting In tropical Junglrs Is the most difficult sort of conflict. mllitry men acree, to ef ficiently cope with and if It had not been for the newest fighting machine, the airplane, no one knows when our difficulties In Haiti might have ended. But as matters now stand American viators, dropping tear bombs and oc casionally rakins; the island bandits with machine gunfire, have In the last few weeks accomplished by the very newness and terror of their air mon eters what our government with all the military forces at its command has failed to fully accomplish in four years f armed invasion. Alrplaaes Held Birds f KriU The belligerent natives look upon the airplane as a bird of evil and the bombs it drops as the bird's eggs. Confronted with such a mysterious enemy of the sky. the bandits, who long have ter rorised certain sections of the island. are rapidly surrendering themselves and turning in tneir arms. Indeed, not until they see aviators actually go up In the planes, will they believe that the "Invention Is man-made and not a great bird that has come to prey upon them In a recent Interview lieutenant 'William Morrison rtarr of the marine aviation force in Haiti furnished some Interesting particulars of how the ban dits hidden away in the Jungles have been bunted by airplane: -While the great conflict has "been raging in Kurope the past few years eur :ri soldiers have after considerable fichtlng been successful in suppressing revolution and in. driving the bandits of Haiti from the major portion of the Island, but numerous bands until a few weeks ago still remained in the deeply wooded eastern provinces. Here the outlaws were well protected and almost Impossible to get at. Only the sucsr cane plantations and a few small plains, railed "sabanaa. break the out - ltn and the steeply sloping, sharp rMged mountains of the interior are as thickly wooded as the table lands be low. Trsspa Are Assbasbed. "Tbronah the forests run numerous winding trails, so narrow l-i places that mounted troops cannot ride two abreast. Detachments of troops often have been ambushed from the under growth alone these trails, and it Is only on account of the bandits lack of skill with firearms that casualties hava been few. In such fights our sol diers operate under great disadvantage as only lha noise of the bandits mak ing away In the underbrush offers a target for the troops and naturally that ts a very poor one. -What to do to get at these fellows waa a very pusallng question. Yet It needed an answer as order could not be fully restored while tbey continued to operate. In the early spring some one in authority had a bright Idea and as an experiment, an aviation force waa sent to Haiti to operate with the "liorse marines' as our forces there are called from the fact that they are mounted. The remarkable work that these aviators have accomplished In a few months la mighty Interesting as ahowirg how the airplane can be utilised In successful bandit fighting when all other methods fail. L'pon arrival at San Pedro the avia tion organisation proceeded nine miles Inward to Consuelo. where a camp site was established and work on a flying field Immediately begun. ' One month later the U. & S. Lake Superior reached the harbor of Macoris with Hi tons of AlUUoa suiBliea. lnciudi&s tU. sUues, IL v .J aASr3 .l .we T I :: vsi- a steel hangar, gasoline, oil and lum ber. "From the ship to the docks of a big sugar company at Consuelo on the Magua river is a distance of 10 miles. With the aid of a barge obtained from the sugar company, five trips were made from the ship to the docks, the material there reloaded on flat cars and hauleJ over a narrow-guage rail way to the flying field. A couple of days later the first machine waa as sembled and that evening It took the air making a successful flight over the Jungles and spotting several bands of brigands hiding at their place of as sembly as they thought quite safe from observation. "Three days Irfter all six planes were in commission and then we were ready for bandit hunting In earnest. Though there are In Haiti no enemy planes or antl air-craft guns to harass the avia tors from the first they have found plenty of daring work to perform. Of ficers have been taken in airplane flights over the districts In which the bandits operate and allowed to observe the contour or the land, the larger trails, the most fsvorable places for bandits' camp-, and the best way to reach them. This was something which never could have been accomplished in any other way. Bossba Drepped Oa Bandits. The aviators In their patrols fly low over the mountains., searching for the haunts of the outlaws, mapping new trails as they make their appearance in the Jungles and all points that may aid the soldiers in suppressing the roving murderous bands. "When bandits have been located by troops in dense, inaccessible areas, the aviators fly over and drop a few bombs In their midst. Tne unexpected explo sion never fails to have a most terror ising effect on the natives and as they run forth from their places of hiding a new surprise awaits them as they are captured by the watting soldiers. "Though the bombs used thus far have only been small affairs construct ed of gaepipe and loaded with black powder or tear gas. they have bad a decided moral effect on the bandits. ho have recently been surrendering and turning in their arms In large numbers. I'ntil the marines took their airplanes Into the jungles there was no bope of wiping out the roving bands for a' long time at least.-but now there is every ' Indication ' that it . is only a matter of a few weeks before the man- made birds can hunt out the last of Ihei? BftJ. vud forever end lawlessness i United States ever tried to protect. "The work of the airplane force In Haiti has not by any means been all easv or olain sailing. In such a coun try as might be imagined they have had all kinds of difficulties to overcome. Quite recently a plane was badly dam aged in landing in the jungle and it looked for a time as if the aviators were in difficulty as bandits might fall upon tht-m at any moment. Fortunate ly early the following morning a rescue party of 15 men arrived. The entire plane was torn down and loaded on an ox-cart, the only available means of transportation. It was hauled in this manner over a rough trail for four miles to the end of a narrow-gauge railroad. By rail it was taken to the docks of a sugar company, loaded on a barge, towed for a distance of eight miles down one river and up another to the Consuelo docks and again hauled by railway to the flying field, arriving there at 6 o'clock the same evening. The following afternoon the plane was again ready for bandit hunting." Understanding of why it has been necessary for Uncle Sam's forces to hunt bandits in Haiti in airplanes and of the present situation in that island calls for at least a superficial knowl edge of the history of the republic. The island has always been troubled, ever since Columbus found it. The Span iards. . in their thorough way, elimi nated the aboriginal inhabitants, the Indians. Needing labor, subsequently, they brought negro slaves from Africa. Ultimately French control of the island was established, and with one of the most favorable climates and fertile soils In the world provided by nature, there was great prosperity. Record of Revolution Lonff. After 1789 the slaves took what they heard about' the French . Revolution seriously and rose, mastered the plant ers, the great French landowners, and freed themselves, finally establishing the present Republic of Haiti. That was in 1804. For a couple of years there was peace. Then the history of Haitian independence began to be one long record of revolution and tyranny, of murder, rapine, exploitation, and graft. Theoretically the republic was modeled upon republican France. Act ually the government or. in. the early days, emperor who strove honestly and sincerely, to give good govern ment and develop the country. It could be useless, a waste of timo and space, to recite the history of the various ad ministrations and revolutions in de tail. When the great war broke out in Eu rope a particularly unpleasant gentle man of color. General Gulllaume Sam. was president. He had landed in Port au Prince, when his insurrection was triumphant, in a silk bat and frock coat, and had driven to the palace in state. Jnd he ruled with severity and an iron determination to suppress every potential enemy before he could be come dangerous. But he went a step too far one day in 1915 when he ordered the murder of about two hundred political prisoners confined In the Jail at Port au Prince. Three or four bleed ing survivors msnaged. In the general confusion, to escape and when they told their story the Inhabitants of th'e city went wild. The president's palace was burned and wrecked and Sam, who had taken refuge in the French lega tion, despite the protests of the French minister waa dragged from his place of hiding promptly killed and his naked body thrown into the harbor. When this happened our government thought it was about time to intervene and marines, from American warships in the harbor, were sent ashore. They knocked a ramshackle old fort to pieces, policed. Port au Prince, estab lished martial law and not long after peace reigned In the city. In the north of the island, near Cape Haytien, however there was some real fighting with the revolutionists but this finally dwindled down into the exceedingly difficult to cope with, bandit warfare which the airplane force baa now about ended. Summer Students Organize CInb. EUGENE. Or, July 12. (Special.) Women students of the summer school of the University of Oregon hare or ganized a club for social and educa tional purposes. Mlrs Lexie Strachan Is president: Miss Myrtle Copenhaver, vice-president: Miss Ruth Stone, secretary-treasurer. A social committee has been appointed, consisting of Misses Alvena Howard, Blanche Bailey, and Lucy Copenhaver. The educational committee consists of Misses Flora Smith, gita -iUdiUe. an Alcwsiie, Meitie. A Carol at the End of the World War. By Edwin Markham Author of "The Man With the Hoe" and. Other Poems I O bugles, ripple and shine. Calling the heroes home from the battle-line. Praise, praise, praise, For the last of the desperate days I Shake out the lyrical notes From the silvery deep of your throats. Burst into joy-mad carols: tell again The story and glory of heroic men. Glad" are the love-birds in the leafy tree. But none so glad as we. High leap the rock-flung billows to the sky, But none leaps up so gladly and wildly high As leap our jubilant hearts. ITie Fear that croucht upon the world departs, And Joy comes back pavilioned by the sun : Let all the mountains clap their hands and runt Let all the oceans from their throats of thunder Shout to the streams and storms and stars the wonder I II O bugles, circle on from sky to sky. Travel the roads of the world with joyous cry, Blow, bugles, turn dead air to thrilling breath: Cry, cry eternal victory over death Cry into the ear of time the shining word Cry solemnly yet elate That man is ever greater than his fate, Xhat at some touch of God his soul is stirred By swift translunar gleams Which give him power to perish for his dreams. Praise, praise, praise, For the new beginning of days I Praise for the living, honor for the dead Praise for the wreathed and -the wreathless head Praise and victorious peace On hearts that beat and on the hearts that cease Peace on the mortal and the immortal way Peace on the heroes vanisht from our day. Called back from out these bounds of fleeting breath To join the old democracy of death. Ill Sing anefbe glad, O nations, in these hours Blow clarions from all towers! Let bright horns revel and the joy-bells rave; Yet there are lips whose smile is ever vain And wild wet eyes behind the window pane. For whom the whole world dwindles to one grave, A lone grave at the mercy of the rain. The victor's laurel wears a wintry leaf: Sing softly, then, as tho the mouth of Grief, Remembering all the agony and wrong, - Should stir with mighty song. Not all the glad averment of the guns, Not all our odes, nor all our orisons, Can sweeten these intolerable tears, These silences that fall between the cheers. And yet our hearts must sing, Carol and clamor like the tides of Spring. For the great work is ended, and again The world is safe for men ; The world is safe for high heroic themes; The world is safe for dreams. IV But now above the thunder of the drums Where, brightening on, the face of Victory comes. Hark to a mighty sound, A cry out of the ground : Let there he no more battles: field and flood Are iveary of battle blood. Even the patient stones - Are ncary of shrieking shells and dying groans. Lay the sad swords asleep: They have their fearful memories to keep. And fold the flags: they weary of battle days. Weary of wild flights up the windy ways. Quiet the restless flags. Crown strangely old upon the smoking crags. Look where they startle and leap Look ivhere they hollow and heap Now greatening into glory and now thinned, llteing and dying momently on the wind. And bugles that have cried on sea and land The silver blazon of their high commands Bugles thai held long parley with the sky Bugles that shattered the nights on battle Walls, Lay them to rest in dim memorial halls; For they are Weary of that curdling cry That tells men how to die. And cannons worn out with their work f hell The brief abrupt persuasion of the shell Let the shrewd spider lock them, one by one, With filmy cables glancing in the sun; And let the bluebird in their iron throats ' Build his safe nest and spill his rippling notes. Let there be no more battles, men of earth: The new age rises singing into birth! Copyright. 1919, by the McClure Newspaper Syndicate. 1 i.vp- , - n - ijy oeei Weed. Ji-ug Storm jjiyJJ7Ji 0J"jfJwjxrJrj7yf07rrt . BY WILLIAM E. LAGRANGE, Specialist In range plants and grasses. Ore - son Agricultural college experiment sta tion. THE poison of the loco weed is the "dope" of the animal kingdom. Like opium and other drugs it be comes dangerous when indulged in even slightly. When animals once acquire the habit of eating loco weed, usually either by accidentally taking some or by association with animals that have already formed the habit, they eat it in preference to any other plant. Among other effects of the poison sense of direction or power of locomo tion in the desired direction is wanting. The animals wander about In an un controlled way, which fact gives rise to the name, ' locoed. Loco poisoning in Oregon Is a prob lm of the drv country. Many locos grow on' the bunchgrass prairie and in the mountains, but very little is known about them. . ' Loco Called Rattle Weeds. Loco weeds are generally called rat tle weeds because of their habit of rat tling their seeds in the pod. There are many different kinds ana many plants have been called loco weeds that are not really such. Purple or woolly loco and the white loco or rattle weea of the Rocky mountains and plains are not found in Oregon. Horses Chiefly Affected. Horses, cattle and sheep are known to have been poisoned by the loco plants in other states, but so far as Oregon is concerned no records of loco poisoning are at hand except among horses. It is not at all Improbable that either cattle or sheep or both may have beeh poisoned on loco in this state. Poisoning Chiefly In Eastern Oregon. It is reported that loco poinsoning occurs from central Oregon eastward throughout the desert and semi-desert sections. Reports received in some sec tions seem to indicate that the losses among horses are more general than reports show, nor can the probable losses In any one section oe aeter mined by the amount of loco plant growing therein. Loco Habit Slowly Acquired. When other good feed is scarce, as often happens on the Juniper-sage brush ranges, stock are forced to eat every bit of green material they can find. When the loco is about the only green plant at certain seasons of the year it is not to be wondered at that horses in these sections acquire a taste for it. Loco is a slow acting poison, the symptoms not appearing in horses until after they have acquired the habit of eating the plant. This con dition makes it necessary to employ a method of stock management that will prevent an acquisition of this habit, as it is almost impossible to break stock of eating locos or cure them of the dis ease after the habit has once been ac quired. Most of the losses occur from August to the latter part of winter or early spring. Horses will eat loco either green or dry, and it is probable that they acquire the habit of eating it while it is green and continue during the drv season when there is very little else to eat, until they have accumulated a sufficient amount of the poison to produce loco symptoms and, finally death.. Plant Hard to Recognise. All of the loco weeds belong to thel pea or bean family, and although the flowers are similar this similarity may not be easily recognized without care ful examination. The loco weeds have small white or cream-colored flowers in long clusters or spikes which finally produce rather large and Inflated pods. In which tha seeds break off very easily when, the pods become dry.' The seeds rattle as the wind shakes the pod and as it is shaken by animals in passing. This gives rise to the com mon name, rattle weed. Not all loco weeds have large inflated pods. The plants are low and spreading, having a cluster of finely divided leaves usually coming from near the ground or along short stems. The small di visions of the leaves are borne later ally upon a central stalk as in a vetch plant. Just how many of the numer ous loco weeds found within this state are poisonous is not known. It is, therefore, impossible to give an accu rate description for those that are dangerous.. Cutting Off Plants Recommended. Keeping horses off the infested areas is best when possible. Feeding alfalfa or other good hay during the dangerous season would do much to prevent the trouble, yet this is not always prac ticable. The pasture ranges in certain sec tions are very large and the task of eradicating the loco plants from such areas is a large one. If the locos are cut off two or three inches below tho ground there is no danger that they will start up from the roots. This should be done when the plants are In flower, before the seeds are formed. One man with a good sharp shovel can cut off the loco plants over a large area in two or three days. While tasks of this sort seem large, the financial outlay will prove to be a saving when the cost is measured in terms of loss. It should also be kept in mind that the locos are propagated by seed, and thathe seeds do not all germinate the same season of the year nor the same year, so it is necessary to go over the field two or three times in one year or repeat the process during the succeed ing years until the plant is eradicated or reduced to a point below the danger mark. Such a policy is practicable for each rancher independent of the attitude taken by his neighbors, because tha seeds of the loco are not scattered by the wind. Through diligent and watch ful effort any rancher may have' a loco-free pasture for his horses, al though the loco may be growing all around him. All animals that have acquired the habit of eating loco weed should be re moved from the pasture if possible in order that other stock, especially young animals, will not acquire the same habit through imitation. Erratic Movement Leading Symptom. Symptoms are more pronounced among horses and cattle than among sheep. The general symptoms are er ratic movement, constipation and pro gressive emaciation. Effects are chronic, extending over a time varying from a few weeks to two or three years. Deaths ordinarily result from starva tion, the animal ceasing either to eat or drink. ' Fowler's Solution Is Remedy. The first principle is to supply good food and give laxative. Then give stryohnine for cattle and Fowler's so lution for horses. , " ? ssssaw ":fsSgSH5sif5 ts !" i I I ri -I I 6 iPWnr t sAoum and ' joZJiy ing above its neigrvborirvg buildings, the Steger 5tands supreme . among high-grade Fianos. TV i l3ecau.se' it is' built, on an idealthe ideal of com bining utmost beauty of tone, elegance of design, and. guar anteed reliability with a uni form price representing true value.. No wonder it is lenown by thousands and thousands of music lovers as ''the most, i ii . ,i ii i riable mano m tnewona. i CJtc Sieger J's Facfor Distributors SCMPMOCO. lllFourfhSf. atVashinAfon nx - 4k i 1 n
