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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Dec. 22, 1918)
PEACE 'ON EARTH FINDS HOLY LAUD AGAIN UNDER CROSS Flags of Christian Nations Now Float From Minarets Held by Moslems Since Crusader Days. General A11enhyns Armies Win Back Entire Country From River Nile to Cedars of Lebanon. rr; r- Market ceoo in the xitj of BY CHARLES W. PUKE. j unto you la bora thla day In the city of Pavld a. Bavior, which U Christ the Lord." CHRISTIAN men and women the1 world over rejoice this Christmas that the Holy Land, where the Bavlor was born, lived, taught, bled and died after coming to earth as the herald of "Peace on earth, good will to men," has been entirely reclaimed from Turkish dominion la the great world war now ending. After nearly seven centuries of Moslem control, the sa cred places of Palestine and Syria that knew Jesus when, be was on earth find themselves this momentous Christmas under the banners of the Christian nations of the earth the cross tri umphant over the crescent with all the world on the threshold of "peace on earth, good will to men." There is a new enchantment this year la the Church of the Nativity over there In Palestine that marks the traditional spot where the Son of God was born. Likewise, the Church of the Holy Sep ulcher, the traditional site of Golgotha, carries a new message to the Crusaders who have come up from the far corners of the earth to bring back to Christen dom the home of the Savior. Every mother who' mourns for her son lost in battle may gain inspiration from that reclaimed Via Dolorosa along which Christ toiled under the cross on the way to death. Our men have died these last few years that the world might be freed of militarism and go forward to the era of "peace on earth"; and out of the maelstrom of war, as part of the material benefits, has come the restora tion of the Holy Land to the place it has not occupied since the days of the Crusaders, nearly seven centuries ago. Capture of Jerusalem. Hearts were glad at Christmas time B. year ago at the proclamation of Gen eral Allenby'B triumphal entry into Je rusalem as a climax to the campaign that had been carried on from the banks of the Nile, in Egypt, where Joseph and Mary had fled more than 1900 years ago with their. Babe to es cape persecution at the hands of Herod. The capture of Jerusalem was heralded afar as the augury of impending vic tory and peace. The joy over its re covery was heightened, too, by knowl edge of the fact that General Allenby and his crusaders had fought so care fully and so humanely that not a sacred spot in the City of David had been marred by any ravaging shells. Jerusa lem -was spared In its entirety, so far as the allies were concerned, and it has yet to be substantially proved that the Turk mutilated or destroyed the sacred refies before retreating. But this year Christmas comes as a climax to the more wonderful deeds of the last 12 months the complete sub jugation of the Turk from Jaffa, to Aleppo; the total collapse of his cruel domain; his abject surrender' to the mighty forces of democracy. After Je rusalem came Jericho, in the Valley of the Jordan, famous in the days of Moses end Joshua, the city through which Christ traveled on his last journey up to Jerusalem. Roman Jericho was the burial place of Herod. It was once the property of Cleopatra, the Egyptian Uueen, by whom it was made a verit able paradise. The district about Jer icho in these modern days has long been the personal property of the Sul tan of Turkey but now the flags of lOngland, France and the allied nations float over it. In the gospels, Jericho figures in the stories of Bartimeus. Zaccheus and the Good Samaritan. The sweep to Jericho from Jerusalem took in Bethany, where the armies of democracy came upon the traditional tomb of Lazarus, the house of Simon the leper and the borne of Martha and alary. It stands on the Mount or Olives, and was the lodging place of Christ when in Jerusalem. It was here Laza rus was raised from the dead, and It was here, or 'over against Bethany," as St. Luke records it, that the Ascen sion took place. Along the Jordan River.'' From the Dead Sea the forces of democracy, extended their campaign northward along the line of the River Jordan. Many years before Christ the Jordan knew Joshua, Gideon, David, Elijah and Elisha. Naamaa the Syrian was directed to go wash in the Jordan to cure his leprosy. It was at the Jor dan that John the Baptist first preachei and baptised. Bethleliein next fell Into the hands of the deliverers. On the plains where the shepherds watched their flocks by rlghtnlght years ago the outposts of the allied armies keep vigil this Christ mas eve. In earlier days it was at Bethlehem that Rachel was buried. Ruth settled there with her second hus band. Boaz. The Philistines held it as garrison, durins iUa tlawry pt I .'-iSL.Vo -V:.. r. - k Mmtfmk ' ' ' -1 "v ' & -v "'! Vv. X " ' ' Overlooking the modero ciry of ' i, ' "V. . : - x Jei-ualem -at it appear to the . 'i- ;' ' ; . V -1 - tourist of od Bethlehem in ihe quare in front of the . vhuixb of the Nativity U L David. The birth of the Messiah in Bethlehem was phophesied many years before his coming. After his birth Herod sent here seeking the new-born Christ, and when he could not find him. ordered the massacre of infants. Allenby'B crusaders found at Beth lehem the basilica of the Nativity, founded by Constantino about 100 and restored by Justinian In 600. Here in the old city Is the Grotto of the Nativ ity, marking the traditional spot where the Holy Virgin gave birth to the Savior, formed Into a crypt with Its two columns of steps leading down to the bottom of the grotto, the crypt lighted by 63 lamps. Fine white marble covers the floor, and Into the paving is fitted a shining Vermillion star. Surrounding it are the words. "Hie de Virglne Maria. Jesus Christus natus est." General Allenby. after capturing the various cities of the Holy Land, gave orders not to disturb their customs. In return for the liberality of the Moslems in permitting the Christians to share Jerusalem with the Turks, the allied commander permitted the followers of Mohammed to retain their stronghold in the Mosque of Omar. It is to be pre sumed the same condition of affairs maintained elsewhere, and eo on this Christmas it is likely that in the Grotto of the Nativity In Bethlehem the lamps about the star of the holy crypt still burn in the samev order four for the Latins, five for the Armenians and six for the Greeks.' Bethlehem of Today. Here in America one can ponder at length on the thoughts in the minds of the allied troops as they stand this Christmas by the oratory of the man ger in Bethlehem, where the Virgin laid her new-born Son on the straw, and where the shepherds, directed by angels, came to worship the Messiah; or by the altar of the Magi, that com memorates the visitation of the Wise Men from the East, who were guided by a star to the spot where the Babe lay in. the stable of Bethlehem. To the Christian Bethlehem . means more in 1918 than ever before in the history of the world. Spreading northward from the : line drawn through Jerusalem from the Mediterranean "to the Dead Sea the bat tle campaign of General Allenby since last Christmas next encompassed the city of Nablus. This is in the land of the tribe of Benjamin, that at the dis ruption of Israel was the only tribe that cleaved to Judah. The warriors bound from Jerusalem for Nablus swept through Mizpah, where Samuel was born, lived and died. They took in also the town of Bethel, where Jacob on his way to Mesopotamia in search of a wife beheld the ladder reaching from earth to sky as he dreamed while asleep with his head pillowed on a BOSTON SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA, DIRECTION. OF RABAUD, MAKES SECOND NEW YORK APPEARANCE Organization Undergoes Complete Change Beethoven Third Symphony Is First Number on Programme Puccini Operas to Be Given on Same Night by Gatti-Casazza. BT EMILIE FRANCES BAUER. EW YORK, Deo. 21. The musical interest of the week naturally centered in the second visit of the Boston Symphony Orchestra of this season and for the first time under the baton of Henri Rabaud, the French conductor, who is the permanent con ductor of this famed organization. It should be needless to emphasize the fact that the- orchestra has undergone a complete change and must now work into the ensemble of an older day, but for the forgetfulness of an over-sealous public, eager for nothing except com parisons. It is necessary to bear In mind this fact if not to emphasize it. . The most significant number of the first programme offered by M. Rabaud was the Beethoven third symphony, familiarly known as the "Erolca," He is the embodiment of dignity with no approach to personal aggrandizement. Nor is he eager to impose his own views or personality either upon the orchestra or upon his audience. Per haps he carried the repression too far in the making of his programme for his initial appearances. The most serious error, perhaps, was in placing the Saint fcaens "Jeunesse d'Hercule" on the programme when there is such a wealth of works by Chausson. Chabrler, d'Indy, Debussy. Dukas, Cesar Franck, to say naught of Russian works, which might have been more interesting even IX less pleaa'cg. lie played wltu grsit THE SUNDAY OltEGONIAX, PORTLAND, -DECEMBER 22, 1918. 1 & Ji9 t. . stone. They hurled the Turk back over the site of Shiloh, where the Ark of the Covenant waa established. Campaigning Northward. While fighting their way into Nablus the twentieth century crusaders passed Jacob's Well and the Tomb of Joseph. Nablus. or Chechen, as it waa known of old, was one of the most picturesque of Palestine cities, standing at the en trance of a narrow defile between the basin of the Mediterranean and the Jordan. It became the capital of the brilliancy of color a'nd unusual dash the Ktmsky-Korsakof f "Spanish Ca- price" and in it revealed rich promises of enjoyment for the future, when, for instance, he will have had time to measure the standard of his audiences. Bfoaart Symphony Played. On Saturday afternoon, however, even those in whom the French conductor had already awakened the utmost re spect, found new and admirable rea sons for even a greater appreciation of his powers. He justified himself for placing on his opening programme the Mozart "Jupiter" symphony. Hen Rabaud proved his mastery, not only over the classical moods, but his great reserve force, his delicacy of feeling and his inner vision were- revealed throughout every measure into which we wove his own beauty of spirit and reverence. The programme further included the Dukas familiar "Sorcerer Apprentice," which fantastio and sparkling French bit of color received a truly French ex position with all that this involves In brilliancy, fantasy, crystalline sparkles and above all subtlety. A second sym phony, as though to contrast the mod ern with the classical, was found in the Borodlne B minor symphony which closed the programme that had opened with the "Euryanthe" overture of Weber. In Brooklyn, when Rabaud made bis first appearance on Friday night, he had as soloist iostt HoJiaaaa, who A n S" " Coprrtt. Cato4 t.i.n 1 0 V yj?lHU Proclamation read to tha populseo 1 1 11 t . If ff t 'H I ML in Jenualem from the atept of the H I'l fil , i t TUgjWS i Tower of David .fter thS Britiab . i Cjl ' "Pied tha Holy City Samaritans. Christianity early took a strong hold in this city. Here some of the disciples preached and were well received. Next came the announcement that the British army had burst forth upon the famed plain of Esdraelon. known as the "Battlefield of Armageddon." Great interest was stirred by this an nouncement in view of the reference in the Apocalypse (Rev. xvi:16 as the place "where, in the final struggle be tween pood and evil, the greatest of -Three I played the E minor concerto of Chopin to tha obvious delight of the targe and enthusiastio audience who did honor to conductor and soloist alike. Brooklyn Honors Rabaud. Brooklyn twice honored Rabaud last week. The second occasion was Indeed an event in the life of the conductor, who had the opportunity to hear his own "Marouf" by courtesy of Mr. Gattl Casazza on Saturday nijht in the Acad emy of Music Under the direction of Pierre Monteux. the entire company fairly outdid all previous efforts to give full beauty to the work. Mine. A Ida. the lovely Impersonator of the Princess, received from the com poser a laurel wreath. De Luca has never given a finer or more skillful per formance of the title role, and through out It was obvious that the company was inspired, not to forget Rosina Galli and her wonderful dancing part ner, Bonflgllo, who la gaining a greater hold on his publto every minute. Thre Operas to Be Given. Mr. Gatti-Casazza has planned to give the three Puccini operas their world premiere on the same night, and this night he has selected as one outside of the regular subscription series in order to give every one a chance at the box sheet. He will raise the price somewhat, believing that the great oc casion warrants it and this is another reason why he presents them on a ulht outside the wsuUr series, Tbea all battles would be (ought." The plain separates Galilee from Samaria, and because of its location on a frequented highway . became a much-fought-over battleground through all the ages. Gideon's "picked army" routed the Midianites there. Saul and Jonathan made their gallant stand against the Philistine army on Mount Gilboa. Id the southwest section of the plain King Joseph was defeated and slain by the Egyptian army. Holofernes set up his camp on this plain of Esdraelon. Here too, Gatti-Casazza is a diplomat and there will never be occasion for the Wednesday. Thursday or Friday night era to object because the Monday night patrons were given first choice or vice versa. "II Tabarro." The Cloak), is an adaption of Didier Gold's "La Houppelnade," a thriller" from the Grand Gungnol. of Paris. The cast will Include Claudia Muzio as Giorgetta, Crlnii as Luigi, Montesanto as Mlchele, and the other roles will have as inter preters Alice Gentle. Marie Tiffany, Dldur. Reiss, Paltrlnierl and Audisio. ' Women Make l'p Cast. Following this melodrama will come "8uor Angelica." with Geraldlne Farrar In the title role and a cast of women only, who will represent the Inmates of the convent where a young woman of Florentine nobility was compelled to take the veil. The cast. Including Flora Perini as the Princess' aunt, comprises Marie Sundelius, Rita Fornla. Cecil Arden, Marie Tiffany, Venl Warwick, Marguerite Bellerl. Phyllis White, Mary Ellis. Lenora Sparkes, Marie 'Mattfield, Kitty Beale and Minnie Egener. Needless to say that after two such episodes of grief the third one-act opera should be rich and racy comedy. This is found in "Gianni Schlcchi," with story taken from a French play, "Le Mariage du Pere Leleu." De Luca Is cast in the title role of the comedy with Crlml and Florence Easton as the young lovers. The other participants are: Marie Sundelius, Marie Tiffany. Kathleen Howard, MM. De Seguroia, Malatesta, Paltrlnierl, D'An gelo. Ananlan. Didur, Reschlglian and SchlegeL Moransonl will conduct the three, having spent some time with Puccini last Summer in etudying the ideas of the composer and in selecting the casts, at least those of the princi pals whom Puccini knew. Nurses to Be Guests. The nurses in the service at the base hospital at Vancouver are to be r tf v. ; - Ji :? ; - - i "i it The Holy Sepulchre, comirlered the Holy came also Pompey. Mark Antony and Titus. Vespasian routed the Jews near Mount Tabor. The last titanic battles of the crusades were fought over this historic ground by Saladin and his Saracen army. Napoleon came along hundreds of years later and defeated the Turks, but was so badly battered that he had to retire on Acre without realizing his dream of rivaling Alex ander the Great as the conqueror cf Asia. In striking comparison was the ease with which Allenby's forces swept over Armageddon, driving the Turks into Galilee. In Galilee the crusaders of today came into the place whence sprung the human ancestors of Jesus Christ. In Nazareth the boy Jesus grew to man hood. It was here he was brought by his parents from Efrypt. to which land they had fled following the miraculous birth, when advised that Herod sought the life of the child. Writers maintain Nazareth was in reality the home of Christianity, since Bethlehem was the accidental birthplace of the Savior and Jerusalem the city of his death simply because it was the political and re ligious center of the Jewish world. It was not long after the battle of Nazareth that the world heard of the capture of Damascus and the occupa tion of Beirut. Damascus, the capital of Syria, was captured October 1 and occupied by British and Arabian forces. With French naval forces in the sea port city of Beirut tile stage was set for the advance on Aleppo, the Turk stronghold of the north, connecting up with the line running from Hagdad to Constantinople, the famed Berlin-to-Bagdad railway. Damascus ever was a great trade center and therefore a prize fought for in many hard battles dating back to the days of David. Paul was converted at Damascus, escaped there from Aretas by being lowered over a wall in a basket and later returned after his Arabian retirement. The Crusaders never succeeded in getting a stronghold in Damascus and it haa re mained through the ages a Moslem cen ter. Damascus disputes with Hebron the title of the oldest city in the world. It flourished in the brilliant and fas cinating scenes of the Arabian nights. In the city is the tomb of Saladin, upon which the former Kaiser of Germany hung a wreath some few years ago when he was dreaming as Napoleon and Alexander the Great dreamed of a world empire. The Fall of Aleppo. At Damascus the troops of General Allenby had reached the end of what has generally been known as tha Holy Land, extending from the sands of the Nile in the south to the cedars of Lebanon in the north. But military exigencies called for the continued ad vance of the British armies in the di rection of Aleppo, the great Turco German base, and since the capture of Damascus and occupation of the entire northern Syrian district made the fall of Aleppo inevitable, the general pub lic was not surprised to learn shortly special guests of the association on Christmas day and the two days fol lowing, when the building will be at their disposal. The rooms of the build lug axe gay in Christmas decorations, with a huge tree resplendent in col ored lights and Christmas baubles standing in the social hall; where the Christmas panorama, which waa the subjeot of interested comment last year, is on display. The picture is in panels 9 by 27 feet, 6howlng a likeness in realistic colorings of the city of the nativity and the shepherds on the first Christmas eve. It is proving of great interest to children, who are brought to the building to hear the Christmas story. FEVER DEATH TOLL LIGHT Few Members of British Armies Succumb to Disease. LONDON. In the great war the Brit ish armies had only 4000 cases of enteric fever in over four years, despite the fact that the troops have frequently been billeted in areas infested with the disease. This is attributed to the ef forts of the British Army Medical Serv ice. Medical officers say that Illness among the British army has been re duced to a minimum. Sanitation and innoculation have been primarily re sponsible for this happy state of af fairs. To under stand the strides that have been made it must be remembered that during the two and a half years of the South African War there were more than 50.000 cases of enteric among a force of 200,000 men and this in a coun try practically immune from the dis ease up to the outbreak of hostilities. Throughout the British army in France infectious diseases have been practically eliminated. Every officer in the British army has been given coux&e in sanitation, tiucceslul toxin III . I- t i " holiest of all the holy places in the Land t. r. 9. before the armistice that Aleppo had fallen in the conclusion of a mighty campaign that had hurled the Turk' completely out of the Holy Land of Palestine and Syria. Now that the war has ended and the Holy Land has come under the pro tectorate of the allied nations, the question of the future Jerusalem looms in many minds. When the hosts of Islam overran Persia, Syria and Pales tine they took possession of the temple area in Jerusalem and transformed the church into the beautiful Mosque of Omar, leaving the Christians in posses sion of the Church of the Holy Sepul oher. Mohammed had drrwn much of his teachings from the Christians and Jews. During the four centuries from the Moslem conquest of Palestine until the crusaders. Christian. Jew and Mos lem lived tofrether in peace. Then along came Peter the Hermit and the Crusad ers. The second coming of Christ had been forecast for the year 1000. The passing of this year without any ca tastrophe awakened an era of Chris tian piety that held the world safe through the year 1033. the anniversary of the Crucifixion. Peter the Hermit prevailed upon Pope Urban II to sanc tion the first crusade. It proved a successful venture, for Jerusalem was captured July 14. 1099, and Godfrey of Bouillon elected King of Jerusalem. At the Peace Conference. Saladin became master of Egypt and Syria toward the end of the 12th cen tury, after defeating the Crusaders at the battle of Hattin, in 11S7. capturing the most treasured of relics, a piece of the true cross. This provoked the third crusade, led by Richard Coeur de Lion, and Commemorated in Scott'a ntovel. "The Talisman." The Crusader -captured Constantinople for the Venetians, but failed of the entire conquest of Palestine. The fifth crusade, under Frederick II. regained possession of Jerusalem, only to be driven out by the Moslems in 1244. Moslem power over Palestine was completed before the dawn of another century, and since that time the crescent has held the balance of power in the Holy Land. Before another Christmas the mo mentous question of the future of Palestine will in all likelihood be set tied. Turkey has been whipped, and the universal cry Is for the banish ment of the Turk. It has been pro posed to make of Constantinople an in ternational center, and to set up a Jewish state in Palestine under an au tonomous form of government. These things are to come out of the peace conference and will likely be deter mined by another Christmas. In the meantime, the minds of men are speculating on the new and free archeological explorations in the Holy Land that are likely to follow in the wake of Christian rule, the possibility of Solomon's temple being restored, and the many secrets of the ages revealed, now that the hand of the barbaria has teen set aside for the light of the new civilization of democracy. and vaccines have been invented ofr gas, gangrene, etc.. and huge strides have been made in the advance of surgery. ,-The livestock show recently held by the Argentine Rural Society was a pro nounced success. A price of $43,500. American currency, wax paid for the champion Shorthorn bull. GRAY HAIR! 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I a afraid to try It at firht, as there are so many hair tonics and restoratives oa the market that do more harm th&o food, and all of thom make the hair sticky and m ew-y. but X decided nothing could be much worse than bean r pray at -T and my hair was fast turning gray. So I tried Nevel-Tel. follow ing the directions as closely as possible. Am delighted wtth rccuUa. 1 think everybody should use Never-Tel. whether rray or not. aa it is such a fine tonic and rtda tho acatp of dandruff. I am soins to use it every wek or two How siuce my hair is darkened. Kebpectfully, MRS. G. A. M. At all druggists, or from Never-Tel Laboratories Co., Dept 232, K&naaa City, upon receipt of tuu Adv,