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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Jan. 30, 1916)
THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAXD, JANUARY 30, 191 & lgc.Gffet Astonishment Depicted Durt ngExcif ton: Expressions'! hdt oeUay B BT RENE BACHB. . IG TOM" SHEVT.IN. famous Tale football coach and one of the mightiest gridiron men ever turned out by that university, died the other day. A miserable little pneumonia germ killed him. He was only 38 years old. but al ready he had built up a fortune of J3.000.000 in the lumber business. Everything that makes life worth while was within his reach. The struggle with the pneumonia germ was brief. It was soon over, and strains to which football and other sporting contests subject them. Take, for example, the face of the young man who at the moment is en gaged In sprinting, in throwing the. hammer or in "spurting" in a distance race. It is like the face of an angry wild animal ferocious, repulsive. The expression is undistinguishable- from that of extreme rage. The nose and upper lip have a snarl ing expression. The nostrils are dis tended and the lower lip Is drawn tightly across the clenched teeth. The great skin-muscle of the neck the Shevlin. the giant in strength, the man muscle of emphasis in violent action- of perfect physique, was dead. Why did be succumb so quickly and so easily? "Very likely it was too much foot ball." said Assistant Surgeon-General W. C. Rucker. of the United States Public Health Service. "His heart may have . been weakened. Too much athletics Is dangerous. Violent exer cises make a great demand upon the heart, and in consequence that vital springs Into relief and stands out in cords. The whole expression is that of one in readiness to seize and tear an enemy. Obviously, no such emotions are en tertained by a youth who, for Instance, Is trying to cover 100 yards In 10 sec onds. But the very fact that the hu man face under such circumstances ex hibits such extraordinary phenomena organ becomes unduly enlarged. Later o( expression Is the best evidence In on. particularly ir tne atnieie arops Into a sedentary mode of life, its tis sues may undergo degeneration. "Too much athletics has a tendency to shorten life. Undue strain impairs the vitality and lowers the power of resistance to disease. Along comes pneumonia, perhaps, and the weakened heart Is not able to stand up against It. Excess of physical effort, too, may race, and before the runner has got his "second wind." he is likely to suf fer from breathlessness. His face then assumes a look that counterfeits pain or deep sorrow. If, at the end of such weaken the arteries, and thus very a contest, he is overcome (as is usually to think of It, that In any kind of v!o- fort Is continued to the final utmost seriously Impair the constitution pos sibly engendering arterio-sclerosis In later years." Now. the most Interesting of recent studies on this subject have been made hy a distinguished Philadelphia phy- the case) by exhaustion, his expression lent effort the eyes are shut or nearly the muscles cease to act; circulation is exactly that which would under ordi- shut. The sprinter would shut his eyes fails; the runner's face turns pale and nary circumstances denote surprise or if he could do so and yet see the run- his lips livid. He falls to the ground astonishment. nlng track. The hammer-thrower often in a faint.' These facial expressions, imitative of does close his eyes tight at the moment emotions that are not felt, afford a of greatest effort. In shouting, sneez- aician. Dr. R. Tait McKenzie, who most curious study. In a way, they ing, crying or laughing we close our finds in the faces of the athletes them- are susceptible of analysis. Thus the eyes. selves the most striking and convinc- look of snarling ferocity indicates. In Dr. McKenzie explains this by say ing evidence of the severity of the the athlete, violent effort. There is Ing that when any violent effort is made there is a muscular contraction DANCER TRADED FOR WAR PRISONER. I and the lips drawn downward and out- l VI 1 HlirSSNj ffWuM ' ' ward, the lower part of the face ex- flV 1 i I It tS&y J LTQ H' ? " ' - ' pressing the distress of failing power m l?i3kL, Shi lis? 1 rxi yovtaRtsQL-iv ' - Vx' - The head is thrown back lllft tlffll v. V..7 CT U&J'n& and the chin forward in an endeavor to m f jf 1 Hf SWtfsf L-V PY 0&L s ' balance the head without muscular ef- il fV fj J M l VjWZfJlti , Sz, S U f J ' " -': 1 fort. Both pose and facial expression lV fC ' l'l XlfflfffyjX O r x are characteristic of the last struggle lr I I 1' iWyyYJ7 --'"V2'? z'Vfe SS'S?e.OS' V to fight off collapse. When this ef- J II ImJW X. s ' W.V WWWU V 11 I Mi M il , y l 1 U 1 . they S-J W .. w liPo IB III ! 1 . the world of the violence and severity of the strain to which the body, and a converging of wrinkles to the root incidentally the nervous system, is of the nose, with wrinkles across the subjected. bridge. The frowning brows are drawn In the early part of a long-distance down and the eyes narrowed to mere to breathe. slits. At the outer, angle of each eye Is a "crow's foot" of- wrinkles, made by an effort of the muscles to close the eyes. It seems quite odd, when one comes The effect of such collapse does not pass away for days. The athlete Is tired; his temperature may rise sev eral degrees; his nights are sleepless or disturbed by dreams. Soreness and stiffness of the muscles remain for quite a while, but gradually fade away of the chest walls which compresses as the constitution recovers its tone, the heart and lungs, thereby driving It often happ,na tnat athletes In up the blood pressure to a point that trainlnr incur each day more fatiKUe may endanger the delicate blood ves- than they can recover from durIns the sels of the eyes. If distended beyond nlgntly period8 of rest. A gradual and a certain limit they might burst; but progresslVe exhaustion overtakes them, the muscles used for closing them con- ,OHe welht. tha kln b(,omM alking, distance-running and rowing.. exercises of effort are carried too the' muscles will refuse to contract, may actually tear. . f muscles are habitually overworked may atrophy and become weak. hen over-developed they become parasites on the vitality," which is form of fatigue. It represents an acute poisoning. In a long-distance race. If the pace is slow enough, the runner may escape it; but sooner or later the products of tissue waste accumulate; the heart beats fast and weak; the nervous system is stupefied, and the apped in the struggle to provide for muscles relax. Indeed, long-continued heir nourishment. A man's muscular physical exertion may end in death. system may be developed to such an as happens sometimes with soldiers at tract the vessels and force the blood back. When a runner is trying to cover 100 yards in the fewest possible number of seconds, there Is no question of breathing. He takes a big breath at the starting line and holds it Through out the "sprint" there is an intense concentration of attention. The whole t - Jfy."m. It I I muscular system is convulsed with su- v"' ; " ;v S- V" I -' I preme effort, and the blood pressure I rises, just as it does in throwing the iv T.. & J . : . I hammer or "niitHnir" th shnt If, on the other hand, the runner. Instead of trying to cover the 100 yards ' in 10 or 11 seconds, is satisfied to do it in 20 seconds, there is no nervous tension, no muscular convulsion, little change In the blood pressure and the face remains calm and smiling. The face of breathlessness is wholly peculiar and definitely characteristic. Its expression is one of anxiety, elo quently telling of thirst for air. The smoothness of the forehead is broken by wrinkles, spreading from the inner ends of the updrawn eyebrows the di rection of the eyebrows being just the reverse of that seen In violent effort. They are drawn upward and inward by what the French call the 'muscle of pain," whose action is observed in grief or in distress of any kind, mental or physical. The upper eyelids of the runner "out of breath" droop and half cover, the -eyeballs, giving a look of lassitude. The nostrils are widely dilated and the mouth gapes, with lips retracted in .the struggle for air. The raised upper lip adds to the look of sorrow and pain; and the down-drawn mouth corners, . the tongue closely pressed against the teeth, the sunken cheeks and the open mouth all go to accentuate the effect of distress. The distress is caused by poisoning. The efforts of the runner have thrown into the blood from the muscles a quantity of waste that acts as'a poi son. As the distance race is continued there is re-establishment of equilibrium between the production of waste and Its elimination, so that the athlete gets what he calls his "second wind." The look of pain disappears from his face; his lungs regain' their power to expand; his head becomes clear, and . his muscles act with renewed vigor and elasticity. He can now keep on run ning until he feels the symptom of exhaustion. When exhaustion arrives (as it must before the end of a long-distance race). It has its own characteristic evidences In the expression of the face. The eyebrows show a slight frown; the eyelids are heavy, as with sleep; the upper lip Is retracted from the teeth, giving a slight look of pain: the mouth is half open; the jaw drops and the lower lip hangs loosely over the parted teeth. The general expression is one of vacancy, the runner being obliged to make much effort to prevent his eyes IJIN'SKI is the dancer exchanged been weakened greatly. Diplomatic from closing, as a consequence of in Robert Barany. winner effort was used to have him released creasing paralysis of the muscles of the Nobel prize. So says Mie from internment in Austria. Meantime upper lids. ? report from Vienna. Xijinskl is the Dr. Robert Earany. interned In Russia, The long, doubly curved wrinkles famous Russian dancer, member of the feceivea ine awara oi ine .ooei prize, across the forehead are ordinarily as Diaghileff troupe which is in New extent that he looks as if clad in suit of armor too heavy for him to wear. It It notoriously a fact that pro fessional athletes commonly are not recovery long-lived. ter forced marches. Dr. McKenzie picks out the runner as illustrating to advantage the vari ous phenomena that he would discuss. But the same remarks apply to other pale and flabby, and the eyes dull and is profoundly affected and listless; the muscles lose their elas- may be a matter of weeks. A by-product of muscular worn forms of muscular exercise and effort, ticity, and every effort becomes a bur- Dr.' McKenzie says that exercises of (as already explained) is waste mat- The moral drawn is that athletes are. den. It is then said that they are over- endurance are much better for the ter, which, being poisonous, gives rise most desirable as a means of culti- trained, or (to use a common term) cultivation of constitutional vigor than to the effect we call fatigue. But in vating the physique and improving that they have "gone stale." The plain exercises of intense and concentrated exercises- of endurance the waste is constitution vigor. But. carried too fact is that thy are suffering from effort such as sprinting or hammer- produced much less rapidly than in ex- far. they endanger health and may chronic fatigue. The nervous system throwing. In the endurance class are ercises of effort. Breathlessness Is one shorten life. Wireless Weather Service ATTEN" nual Weat TTENTION Is called in the an- only for the purpose of disseminating report of the Chief of the reports but also for the purpose of re- Weather Bureau for the fiscal ceiving knowledge of the forthcoming year ended June 30, 1915. to the de- weather conditions that is now dis- slrability of establishing wireless Geminated from Arlington and other methods of communication in those re- radio stations under the control of the gions of the country which are subject Navy Department. In addition to the to floods and destructive storms. One dissemination of warnings of destruc- of the first effects of such disturbances tive storms by wireless agencies, the Is to cut off communication by tele- daily weather forecasts are being dis- graph and telephone at the very time tributed in an experimental way in this when it is most needed; and in a few manner from three place In Illinois and rarA raxe it hau heen nnssihlp In reach also from nne station in North Dakota. otherwise isolated regions only through The report also states that there are Spring the probable amount of water indirect and roundabout communica- many applications for extensions of the contained in the snow cover of the tion hv wirclfss atrenclos The .reneral Weather Bureau service. These in- higher altitudes that may become poses later in the year. One of the chief difficulties In the way of this work is the fact that the higher alti- garden crops; and for additional in- tudes are frequently uninhabited dur- formation in regard to the water re- ing the Winter, and information can sources of sections in the West, where be obtained In regard to the conditions the reporting stations now in existence which prevail In them from a few lso- are not sufficient to cover the country lated points only. The number of these adequately. Extensions of the service, places is gradually becoming less, as in the grain, cotton, sugar and rice mining camps and other enterprises are regions are also desired. being abandoned. For this reason the At the end of the fiscal year there bureau has adopted the plan of inten- were in operation 214 Weather Bureau sive surveys in small watersheds, and offices. Of these 197 are classed as during the past year carried out three fully equipped stations. In addition such surveys one in the City Creek there were more than 4500 co-operative observers whose work, the report says, shows a conscientious desire to ren der the best service possible. watershed near Salt Lake City: a sec ond, in the watershed of Cottonwood Creek, a tributary of the Boise River; and a third. In the watershed of Sand For some years past the Weather Lake, Carbon County. Wyoming. Bureau has sought to determine each establishment of such means of com- elude requests for rjver and flood available for irrigation and other pur- municatlon seems to present the only warnings: frost and cold wave inform- way in which complete interruption of communication can be prevented, not ation, for protective work in the .in terest of the fruit, tobacco, truck and MIKADO RIDES IN HEIRLOOM CARRIAGE USED BY FATHER. NIJINSKI for Dr. of a No The report also calls special atten tion to the extension of the snowfall work in the watershed of Salt River In Arizona. The demand for Informa tion in regard to the amount of snow water available for irrigation purposes above the Roosevelt Reservoir made itself felt some years ago. A prelimi nary survey was made in November, 1913, and a second survey in April, 1914. In 1915 two attempts were made to reach Paradise Creek, and although in neither case was it possible to accom plish all that had been hoped, it was determined that the snowfall for the Winter of 1914 to 1915 in the moun tains of Eastern Arizona was extraor dinarily heavy. The work thus far ac complished, it is said, can only be con sidered as preliminary to a more gen eral campaign. The weekly lorecast, which wan sus pended for a time because of the tirteT ruption of foreign meteorological re ports due to the European war, was re sumed in April. 1915, in a modified form. This forecast is now prepared and issued Tuesday forenoon for the week beginning the following Wednes day. It is sent immediately to the press associations, and selected por tions are telegraphed to distributing centers, where they are printed -n cards and distbuted by mail to rural newspapers and individuals. W HEN Yoshihlto was recently photograph of him to be taken in pud- or tne Emperor uurins ine coronation made the Mikado of Japan at lie. While he was returning irom per.ou '" T'" 1 'Z the formal coronation ceremony. Kioto the photographer , was allowed to . - ' good like- formtt, occasions, except that ' the : k.. in... : kui. .c foihur ruta of" him. It is said it is not OnlY i .- ...v, .: n n.a nr ?.rVn rLi irate an endeavor to raise the droop- at the latter's coronation. In this' old the only public photograph made,, but carriage for the Emperor were lack- but could not enjoy its honors among BOCiated with surprise or astonishment, he anoeared In public in an heirloom come close enough to get hi! rrtonnn una pountrvmn. I nn . . - - v Art viiin.tri im h . ....,. but in the exhausted runner thev ill us- carnarp. which was usea or nis xainer ness oi mm. 11 is ciu u - - Ddiun cut inn ii a a ntsle dancer of the Imperial ballet. Russia would let Wout him tb. comply would !h. mZli wouii i. reieied, ing eXeUd The SoaUil3 are diUfd.- criace. .XoaWUto. ed t. puiy tno oniy pbotoaxwH oi any kind made a ia-tfce America ,ehicte uaualiy. Quakes and Solomon's Temple. Christian Herald. Solomon built the temple about 970 B. C. In less than 100 years Joash found great difficulty in arousiyg the people to attend to the repairs of the crackiraq; and tumbling walls and the decaying timbers. The causes of decay were earth quakes, or light shocks, which occur every year, the action of frost in dis tricts and elevations where that occurs, the dry rot In the beams which followed the action of the rain or dampness; but, greater than all, the action of roots. I write these lines w.thin sight of the massive fortifications of the Crunaders on the Island of P.liddes, and can see several fig trees growing from crevices in the ancient walls, the roots of which must iu the course of years add still .other cracks to tha decaying ramparts.