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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Dec. 26, 1915)
TOE STWDAT OREGOXIAX, rOKTLAXP. PICBmtH 2C, 191S. n PUBLIC LIMELIGHT FALLS ON MEN OF MANY LANDS AND OCCUPATIONS Ousted Naw Trk Gmmii. Swediah XoM Pi-ii-winner. Norwerian Foreirn Minister, Titled Enrlish Actor. BUhop af Buffalo. Raoal Madera, Cfcicafo RailT Director. Spectacular Spendthrift Prominent In Xewa. I I - - . - - , , i . -' ' C 1 1 - ' a - J j -4 -x-x iff;. x i N : ' i ! -:A- I ' V f Vtiv; - . ; : I 1 II .. : i I aa- Xi - : I I I I ; ; I ; I- ; 1 1 Syr Sa3- at f U ra5U Cotnl : ( N Trk toe lm I'ttk ti Mr7rU "Ui -e ! iiTaA.ir.srm f h trmio. txk wsuts onnur rs!tm t! J h4 act trofrrt t y Owrr atriu. itr. lo k wra Hfic. !( (ersirty AnltmJtr t Trhr. b4 U !! ttty w a Pnnrl adi4l TenM Frsmcia Curk. l r MjS ef K'Stfkix I a cf yr T u4 I) 'i It 4n-tt4 at ae. rrB-i XTlr. o trt ta f1tNt fa aa4 iia4 aaatliary kniaf af r Tark la !!. t a XVa r!a. Iha finilr af Tarir Af!r. a N"rar. wbo miJ ir.- a (ar aa t&a S-4 oaiaa to a.ild got ha rrail ef'sciaUr bf Mm r kia ioffOinL T-r wara Itha Mrh Twain pi.frlna. 'a rartr at mfoaM .ttlMtt. tr.tatin for alaaa mm ARCHITECT EXPLAINS CONSTRUCTION PLANS FOR PORTLAND AUDITORIUM Special Attentlo. la PaiJ to EtiU aiul AccomaiadaUotiJ WiH Ea ProridH to Suit Varioua Public Actiritira la BaiUiMg. DeUrea J. IL FreedUnlrr Ffeor Area WH1 AppraxJmato 1P.000 Sjaara Feet. in'HaM Pva'aad a4it'mak Tat poRir-k-vo ArorroRiot ae sfgaei fa boose tke many poblls activities af !e City ef PerUand. wi ,1 locaExt ea te ette fcaewa as tie Market Meek, haraaded by Third. ie--oe4. Car mnt Market street Te jrlsclpal fealaree laeorperated la the ba'-'pallsg Iodide tae Asduorlas vreeer. with tea eerwee. I. lar(a aa est,.a aa. etgkl eshibttloa reome ef v.-to-is suae, a completely equipped age for tJieatrleal perfermaocea. a large eialbtUea ream eccuprtsg the fi'e baaemeat. a paeile comfort e'a irew acd varvoaa eervvce reoma for the cn:!at. Tbe killdleg facee en Third street wt'.s a freotase ef lue feet aed le MS teat deep ea Market aad Clay. At tbe ruin eatraaee a r.igbt ef etepe leads t tae ticket lobby, wtis kea oT'ee at ai-ber ead. Tbia lobby la eome It feet wlia y l feat loe. ealt doere are prevWed t g'e acceae trees It le taa s'-reea, as wej aa ta tke fever aad tie Aaditena-av A weease'e retiring T-im le arrangad at tae nM ef tbe wb' e tae wiaaaear'e gaaaral aad prtaa'e ei?U-e aat Ba e eraoktag ream aa prw4a4 at tke !'- twrwWaiaaa aj C ileal.!. T"e wotnaa'e ret'rtag ro-n le to'ke f- raised la Me ssaaaer ef ISe Tolo aiata uia4 tsj waU pavaelUags : r ramaat aa eoacamad. kot kart!r (to caroptvia turn mwmm cast AtrotD -anoalaalatlooaly aa Bahama aur a Sir narkart Baarfcokm Trea. lb a Eav Itak aetar. kattar kaoar aa Baarbakia Traa. raeatiUr arrl4 ta Ka Tark an tm war CaUforaia kara ka will taea aama plajra far lha -movlaa." Ua vill miit toma af aaakaaraara a plara. Ha kaa aat aaaa aaaa oa taa Amarleaa ala for Bvaar r"' a a a rrofawar It. TVIUtaltar. af 8a4a. la aaa af lha wtaaara af Naaal prij thla ar. Ha rla4 tbe aa4 tar chamtatrf. aaa noal fdra. aaa ef the rlM-kaa Da af VlUa. u arala4 aat loa aaa aa tc.a VXaxIcaa arar kr Cnitd r:alaa aCfleara. It la rapartaa1 tram Uaaice that Ma4ra waa aaa of a (.mblutlo rorn4 amona Villa a fol lower ta attampt ta abtaia centrol of lit iiit-ao fiorarorcaBi. aaa Joha O. k!4. haai of Martbalt ri!4 Cf. Oicmk. baa an ma5 rhatrteaa of Ja board of dlraotora of toa raaraan:i4 Ro lUc4 Koad. Ha . a. J . M e,Me Ta IMRirir! eCices beve direct communication wltk the boa ecice. Tae mm a . ...I-.... h nam af a staircase with tis lavatories In tba sesemeat. Access U kad frera the lobby to the foyer, eorae 11 tee wide aad em- at alfhar and with tba two mats etalrcaaee which eerve tbe entire .... - .. a v... . a aka eouaiag ise hoot a-a foyer will ba of lerraaso. with pUster walla and celling tinted la light tones. Tbe staircases are enclosed la flre proof pertiiloes and doora at the vaneaa floor levels. T' esrrtage eatrancae have fceara provided, the one ea Market street at the level ef tbe forer sr. 4 tbe ana ea Third street at a lower level. Tbe balldlag Is s designed that tbe Aad'iortam. either er both of the aa eembly roome and the eihibluoa rooms caa be need Independently for various functions with direct exit ky mesns af staircaaae aad raawaye ta the etreet. T6a Ayd torlum cootalna ebout Hi seats aad baa a floor area of approxl asatelr 1 X e aqnare feet, being 1H feat leeg eed 10 feel wida It le pro vided with II elite and la separated from tie two esa-n-.s;? fc.T.s ky maas ef movable partitloae. eo tit when orraatoa cj.marda tae three room, to Cether i;a lie stage, mav be thrown lata one and tbaa provi-le a tcial f.oor area ef approximately H.o sgaara eel, THe taWda ieveU as - i t "1: A- A1 If- S. - HA 1 f ' A i la a)a a asembar af tba asacotlva coat mlltaa. . . . Ralph Prandrath. wall known aa a tpactac olar apandar on tna oraat n una War. Naar Tcrk. baa Jut marrlad aa rnrllak lrl and It ta raportad tat ha inland ta tola Ifm Brttlilt army, uraca rath waa a aaphaw ef the "pl'.l kin" and Inberuad from him an eoormoua fortana. Ha apant mu-h or It in a aaa illnr; faahioa in New Tork'a alMed ra aorta, and Me mier. to t him away from the lura of Broadwer. boueht Mm a yacht and atartad him oa a trip aroond the world. Before be bad f one far tba yacht waa wraekad. Prandrath taea droppa4 out of alaht. H;a wife. who waa Edrtho Armirif. "t a dl varra from him with 1100 a mootb all mony a yrar ao. She later married Uosud Kabla. Brasdrctb baa luat aaked the courta to cancal bis first wtfae alimony llowanca. a It. Robert Fowler Is tbe former mm bar ef Concraaa from Il'lnoia hon conntlon wltb tbe Labor Prace Coun ell Is batnc laral!a(d from Wuh Inatoa. Ha la charged wlllt bains la tba employ of tbe Germans to use labor to brine aboat a raaaatlon of monition sKlpmasta to tba allies. sack that a temporary woodea floor caa be laid over tha entire area for purposes of publlo balla or similar s a is rial n me a ta. rtoev Will Ba af Ceeerete. Tke floor ef the Audltortum Is of concrete and permanent, with a slope towards the stage. The segment of tba arc Is mathematically laid out so ss to Insure the best poeslbls sight line from every seat. To further better the view ef the audience the etage la placed at two feet ten Incbee above the level ef tha orchestra floor. The balcony arranged In two tlera contains approximately 3400 seats. In the decorative treatment of tbe Auditorium, an effort baa been made to preserve tba greatest possible simplicity. The side walls are plain, while the cornice, the coffered celling and the proscenium arch are designed along claasle ll nee. la the period of the keet Roman tradition. Particular attention haa been paid to tbe arrangement and equipment of tha stage, which la every respect Is of tba moot modern type of construc tion. Tbe proeoenlum opening Is ( (eat wide and feel hick. Around It grills fvr tbe organ will be Installed In such msnner as to produce the proper volume of sound and to servo a decorative purpoee aa wlL Tbe biege la provided with a fly gallery ea either side, placed at a Ugtt af 11 fast aboa la UI Xieor. If : ;1 i i I r'' : If : T V I I ' .J'..'" I The andiron Is TO feet above this same level. A spot light a-aUery has also been Installed at either side of the stace. while the main switchboard and dimmer raalt are placed at the left. The central portion of the staaje floor. eoTerlnar an area, of SO by ! . . a. nanbU that Mf alza opanlna: for trapa, etc can be Adjusted In any part or too uoor. aemrry Doara Frwrlded. doors are provided In the rear wall In order to facilitate the entrance and removal of scenery If nwruarr while a production Is in proirreas. Automatic louvres are built In at tba top to provide ventilation. The staae communicates on one aide with the aaeembly ball and on tha other with the dreaatnf-rooms. The latter are self-contained and ahut off from . - ih. hntldlnar bv means of I reproof walla. The atae entrance la on Becond street. Nine etar draaalnr-rooma with totleta, and elabt aenerai draaalnr-rooma for minor rolea and chorus are provided Tbua there will be ample accommoda tion for the most Important coropanlea. Other adjuncts of the stare service In clude a irreen-room. property-room, rehearsal-room, wardrobe-room, carpen ter shop, scenery repairing room, and so forth. A separata staircase and trunk lift serve this section, which la fireproof In every respect, with reinforced con crete floors and metal doors and trim throughout. - In the etruetural design reinforced concrete baa been principally need, with steel trusses over the large spans, such aa tbe proeeenlura arch, tha roof and the cantilevere of the balcony. Both the aaaembly rooms are provid ed with tbe neceeaary service for ban- quete. To this end pantries, communi cating by means of dumb-waltera with tha kitchen In the basement, have been provided. , Exit raelllties Aaaple. t.lMil.p af t.ntl nn hat baan nald tO tha matter of exits. Tbua the audiences i - h. ....mhlv hallat maT axil direct ly on Market and Clay streets, as well aa Into the main lopoy. coin ruoma and tbe Auditorium proper can be emptied In a few minutes. In addition to the aoove. ampie coat rooms. . toilet rooms, broom closet rooms, etc-, are Installed on every ooor. A runway, 20 feet wide, for automo biles and vehlclee of every description runs directly from Third street to the largs exhibition room In the basement, whera horticultural and agricultural shows may be held. Particular atten- ... Kain rtalf t1 tha brllllanOV of the Illumination of this room so that exhibits may be seen to me oesi ad vantage. floor with access from the street and the building, other reaiuree mciuoo. a musicians' room, boiler-room, stor-sgs-room, motor-room for organ, etc. A roenanine over two onus m basement makes provision for the 1. 1 . w , m pt, tha aaaamblv room. Janltor'e quarters, public comfort ata- tlon and men a and women a loueie. Dlre Exit la Provided. ."ni a Avt. kni V. tljarai nf the baloonv aa well ae from tbe Auditorium floor Is obtained by means of reln pAiaj anniau flrenroof runways. Those from both balcony levels lead directly to fire escapes on Second street, each balcony tier naving iv own - v1 aA tha aldawalk. Two exits from tba rear of the Auditorium In turn run separately to tne street. This comprehensive eystera of exits Is in addition to tha wide staircases which serve all of the various levels through out the building. . ...Ihltlan VaAm tnBV Da IDQt off entirely from the auditorium by means or rireproor ooora. earie. m alcoves Is arranged along the walls to provide for special exhibits. These rooms can be used Independently If the occasion requires, and the service In cludes lobby, toilet and coat rooms. Tba second tier of the balcony Is In turn served by tha main staircases and Is equipped similarly to the lower tier. u. -ifi th exits are direct, by means of the. runways, to the street. At the top of the building a moving h..(Vi h.a haaon lnatallad. Oreat care has been taken in laying out the mecnanicai piaai, - &v w sura proper ventilation and lighting .i .,. it,. Kaiiutinar. In tba audi torium fresh air la taken In at tbe roof, pasaed through beaters In the at- tlo space ana xorcea id vy fans through gnus in tne t.uina w .... a..i-n it atxhaustad bv other fans through grills at tbe top of tbe house. Water Uratees fleets Balldlag. Tbe building Is heated by a loot water eystem In which the water le forced by pumps to the attlo space and then allowed to flow by gravity to tbe . i -. ... rvifa Inatirea a minimum amount of piping and tha lowest cost of maintenance. The lighting of tha auditorium Is ac eompliabad by means of the Indirect .a. . .a a... heaan carefully calcu- maaaiwaa aaaaa - latad to produce a brilliant but not glaring result. Toe ngnung i a... a nut. tha aublect of uia " particular study and Includes all that Is modern In this orancn ot -or. sprinkler iT'lera hss been Installed . v,n .kant tha staa-e and dreaalng- rooma. and a vacuum sweeper system for the entire bolldlng. In designing the facade care has a. a - u ... .1.. ta the buildlnr nrl marlly a character euggesuve of the purpose to which It Is to be put. 61m i ... ...iiiiint allmlty. waa kept constantly In mind. In order to produce a result harmonious In line and In the proportions of tne various .i a itarht lira brick, of rough texture, and a delicately colored terra cotta are the principal n.ew.a.a ta In the composition. Thue the general color ecneme win a. . ii-k.. .raint. accantuated by occa sional bits of wrought Iron, such as the lanterns at the main entrance and the marquliea on the elds streets. A ... ..... t tha Auditorium will be a tripod with glass dome, placed on top .a av. .a... a.ll At nlaht a SSflet Of powerful lamps In the bowl will cast a bsarn of light to taa ear. protii latercstlog effect In Illumination and outlining tha slinouetxa ci me pmm in a. MAN WOULD COOK POWDER And Now Iltn-y Driver Cannot See Hta Mistake; la In Hospital. aw w vmrirsrTDml n 19 MlataUc lng a bag of powder for one ' ur In Pennsgrove, T nomas ." "" vaara old. waa badly burned about the liri 1UU aaaaaa . . A ata.aa.lai Patchell. who peraiee a Jitnr "u between Pennsgrove and the Carneya Point powder plant, ounaa w.im i a shark In Penna- HWUCI wayaaawa. - . grove. He waa getting the breakfast . ...a a. a a... atinrtoaail VII flOUf Into a pan on the stove. He took the wrong Peg. mere waa - - a . m. mrrA Patcheii siaggerea roar VI ,a.a.w ... - a. . .t. Ki.aarfa. and aulTaring agonies from burns. Ha waa givsn "i local physician, and then sent to the hospital by train. HICKORY-PECAN GRAFTED Sclicnie G really IwproT-a Qnalltj and Qnantlty of Finer Nnt. FHTt EVE PORT. La, Dec 10. Nuts gathered from this year's crop at the bhreveport Coif and Country Club dem onstrate tha practicability of grafting hickory trees with pecans. S. II. Bollnger. former president of the club, who waa responsible for the grafting operations, polnta to the qual ity of the nuts as evidence of tha suc cess pf tha acheme, . - VOTTTMFTTT. WRITERS DISCUSS CITY AND ITS FUTURE AS GREAT PORT William A. Gront, Washington High; Eileen Hulit, Ockley Green and Adda Zurcher Win First Prizes in Each Division Under Chamber of Commerce Auspices Needs Are Emphasized. THREE lessays received lirst prises in tha essay contest participated -a- ia By the stuoenta oi mo ruiuauu schools under the auspices oi taa Chamber of Commerce. "Portland As a Seaport" was discussed. .awards were made Friday. William a Rnni. of Washington High, was-the winner of first prise In the high school division. jsueen Hnl It- of Ocklev Green School, took first place In the contest, which In cluded sixth and eighth-grade students, and. Adda Zurcher won first among the students In the fifth and below that grade. Following la Mr. orouia essay: -Tha wards. 'Portland As a Great Seaport' bring a picture to my mind. It la a picture of miles of busy docks, of saucy tugs, whistling forth their greeting, of sturdy steam freighters, of lazy windjammers lying at rest in the stream and of thousands of men busy at their dally tasks. "Such. In brief. Is the picture vrnicu I see. But there Is still another and - i . . ,i.i,,.i nraaauantad by these apparently maglo words. I see a large and beautiful city lying on tne Danxs oi a large river. Dar II aa Been Drawback. r nan aMa nt thla cltv extend large valleys filled to overflowing with the bounties of Nature. Great train loads of wheat come dally to this city to be reshlpped to Europe and tbe Orient. By ship and raft millions of feet of lumbe are exported each year. I see thousands ot acres oi wa.aue grain, billions of giant trees, count less herds of cattle. To reach tha mar kata nf tha world, they always bear this sign: "Via Portland. Oregon.' "The only present competitor oi run land on the Pacific for the Northwest world's commerce la Puget Sound. In my discussion It will be taken for granted that Puget Sound handlea a Dr.n.r vniumi of tha world's com merce than does Portland: but there Is much evidence to snow tnai uu condition Is only temporary, ta. tha neat tha greatest drawback to Portland's commerce haa been the Columbia bar. Thle aisaavantago uaa been nearly overcome in recent years a. j... .a ah., manth nf tha river Vj JCtltai aa. a.aa " and by dredges at work In tha chan nel. Fourteen million collars naa al ready been appropriated, and but 600.000 Is necessary to complete the work on the jetties. When this work has been completed, the bar will have enough water to float vessels ui " greatest tonnage. Goverament Indicates Faith. rca.. l.tnH. n tha TTlOUth Of the n-iii .... .ll that la narMIATT tO keep the channel In first-class condi tion are several large creugea. at this simple means the channel could w. i i. ..n.n..t rnnllrtnn. aa there are no serious impediments to navlga- . . 1 1 TV.... tlon. SUCQ as rocas or laiaa. a. within the port Itself, there have peen tha a4iiadventares of lack of docks and of loading facilities. "At last, nowever. tne reot ernment has coma to tha aid of the Port Commission and baa revised the harbor lines, thus giving greater space for navigation. By this project more v.. a. inn aaa Af land are to ba re claimed from Swan Island alone. "Aa an evidence of tne taitn oi tne Federal Government In Portland as a great seaport, there is the fact that It haa appropriated more than JJ.000. 000 for the improvement of the river from the foot of Ross Island to the mouth of toea Columbia, "It Is an undoubted fact that the greatest commerce-of the future Is to be world commerce. Thla commerce will be carried on between the Atlantic seaboard of our own country and the Orient. As we look for a direct route of trade we find but one and that one la through tha water gap of tha Co lumbia. Grade la Wafer Level. "This route is also the cheapest method of overland transportation from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pa cific This Is an undisputable fact, for the reason that while this line has a water level grade through the Cas cades, all other lines are forced to .ii v a. . aaltltnaia of 4000 feet or more. Whereas, over the gentle grade of the former; one locoraouvs yu.. $0 freight cars. It la wltb the greatest ai'i...it- that twA ran null a train of half the number cf cars over the heavy grades of the. rival systems. -In the dars of the future, when .i a. . ..ntilramirt. theee advan tages will be a factor of still greater potence. In no way can tue wdsuv of these facts ba belittled In our tight tor tha world's commerce. "Wbllo some critics may bring for ward tha fact that Portland Is over 100 miles from the sea. as a disad vantage. It really should bo of Im mense al dto us In this battle. Great distances have not deprived Philadel phia and New Orleans In our own coun try, and Rotterdam, Antwerp, and numerous others In foreign lands, of their positions as great ports, when the age of tbe deep-draft vessel came. Distance, la Fact, aa Advaatage. 1s addition to these llluatratlons. In fact, thla 100 miles Is a positive ad vantage to us. Haulage charges are always ebesper on water than by rail. Statistics show thst one ton of cargo W. lu.-aaalait 1 OA ITlilaa fOf S Cntl. while on the railroad the rate ranges from t cents to i- inn ot coming empty up the river, whereas ai... ah. vaaiali come laden with cargo. With proper facllltiee no greater dlificuiues in uanu...i -" ba required than at the coaatal polnta. . ..a a. . v. . .... nar ton for eereo aviiavuau varies, these are conservative figures and without doubt snow anotner gam to be derived from our locality. "To be a great seaport It Is neces sary for a city to have some baala for Its trsde. Tributary to Portland lies some of the richest territory In the whole world. Oregon has one-fifth of the standing timber In this country. The number of feet of this timber has "... ..A tn ha 100.000.000.000. uaru wiMM- .m a. i w rhlch at current prices wou.u ur.u bout f (.000.000.000, a sum In excess of a th 30 total amount or currency in ma -i..., as..... at tha nraaiant time. A Ur niiau mi.'.. ' ' - la rge proportion or rne annual cui m th e timber Is nanaiea inrougn mo Portland mills. naaa XtTttm aWff Barley Iead. -Portland la also the port of thou sands of acres of fertile farmland, the ..raaiiifta nf which comDare favorably with any In the entire country. In fact In the two staplee. wheat and barley, Oregon far outranks Its nearest competitor, and bks also achieved the lead la the production of hops. The yield of 1911 bas been estimated by experts to be approximately 153.000 bales. The remainder of the crop of the United States is quoted at 170.000 "From this It may readily be seen that Oregon produced 47 per cent of tha crop of our whole country. This WM valued at 16.978.600. While these .i i .AmniA'lHai nf atnnrt a. large amount of dairy and orchard produce la also nanaiea. "One great drawback to Portland's commercial success hss been Its lack of ship lines. This lack has been due to many causes, an or wnicn can oe remedied by conscientious work. It has long been the practice of unpatriotic and near-sighted shippers to import their goods through other porta By gq doing tb. fall to reaJUe that thsj are practically damaging themselves, for richness of the community must help to reflect to their Interests. Trade Mnat Be Provided. "No ahln Una can exist without trade, as passenger service maEes up only a small share of the receipts of any company, and where may this trade come from if foruana mer chants be so near-sighted that they fall to realize the advantages of home trading? If the business men would only firmly stand behind the shipping interests, do doubt several large lines would be Induced to make this their terminus. "Such are some of the advantages which Portland holds, but fails to make the best use of. In taking proper ad vantage of the water grade of the Columbia we are handicapped by the rates on the different lines. While, as we lave shown, this is much the cheaper route for freight haulage, nev ertheless the railroads fall to favor Portland in any manner. This Is In spite of the fact that the Interstate commerce laws maKe It obligatory tnai the railroads give Philadelphia a lower rate than other cities, where the haul Is longer. In spile of the down-grade haul and shorter distance from tne in land Empire our shipping rates are no lower, nor are we favored in any way More Dockage Advocated. "This Is a manifest Injustice, the righting of which would do much to clinch Portland's place as a great port. However, there Is at the present time great agitation to have these condi tions remedied, and there is every in dication to show that we will be sue-1 cessful In this fight. "There Is another disadvantage which could easily be remedied. Our harbor, bas at present but small dockage space, which while sufficient for present wants, will be Inadequate to handle the trafflo of the future. A proper start hss been made In this regard by re claiming for the harbor a large part of tha Islands In the channel. This will give plenty of space for ships to He while waiting for cargo, or If docks be built at these points, for dis charging and loading. When fhls has been completed Portland will certainly have unlimited space to accommodate ships. Smelter Is Proposed. "Another great aid to Portland would be a number of manufacturing plants. China has mines of Iron which have scarcely been touched. If some plant could be established here for smelting and rolling large quantities of this piS lron, the consequences would be far reaching. Factories would spring up to manufacture articles from the crude iron. Ship lines would, of necessity, exist to provide the materials for the smelters and foundries, in tact mo re sult of such a manufacturing eystem would ba beyond comprehension. "In the space of 64 years Portland has enioved one of the most vigorous and substantial growths of any city In the country. This growth has taaen place along lines which were forced by the stress of conditions and not along lines consistent with its greatest future development. Of late, however, a system of consistent development has been formulated. Blessed by its natural advantages, and aided greatly by the works of man. It Is utterly Impossible for Portland to fall to take Its place among the greatest seaports of the en tire world." Following Is tha essay which won first prixe among the students of the grades below the sixth: PORTLAND AS A GREAT SEAPORT. By Adda Zurcher. Portland Is situated on the Willam etta River. It Is also the terminus of large ocean liners because It is just across from China, soutn or AiasKa anil north nf tha Panama Canal. It is the county seat of Multnomah County and the largest city in Oregon. Port land has a large tract of land to draw from. This land contains many acres ot grain. lumber and vegetables. Ail of this land Is equal to the 13 original states excepting Georgia. All of this land is drained by the Columbia River. The slopes around Portland are very favorable for shipping by rail, and for .a... n aaanla f mm lltflril Wlsb- lUCaa. acaaaaaa. k1."!". lngton, Idaho and Oregon send their produce to Portland to be shipped out by boat. ino trains imra iu mentioned states come through a gap In tbe Cascade Mountains. This gap was formed by the Columbia River. Portland is 100 miles from the Paciflc Ocean. It lies between the ports of Seattle and San Francisco on the Wil lamette and Columbia rivers. These rivers are some of the world famous rivers. Portland Is the greatest stock market of the Paclflo Northwest, and it is also . r,aaat narklntr. It is also noted for its canning factories. Being a shipping center ot an area oi square miles, the total of the produce . iu ti in 000. Rome of the in -- ' ' ... foreign exports were as follows. 7 76 371 bushels of wheat, valued at lg,257.036. And this gives proof that Portland Is a great seaport. Astoria, Seattle, Marshfleld and Ta- coma are among roruaim nj..a,,. - ..... Aamria and Marshfleld are In a mountainous country. They are Important for lumbering ana aairyinB Industries. But Marshfleld and Astoria can never become so great a seaport as Portland is. Seattle and Tacoma are also near the mountains, and they are Important for shipbuilding, lum bering and dairying. Portland is In a valley and Is Important for all kinds of Industries. In collecting all these facts I nave found that most of the authorities have spoken very well of Portland. But Portland bas had to work very hard for what she has got, Glasgow. In Scot-i.-j i. im-atail nn the River Clyde, k. i k. ia ntilv a. narrow stream. But after much Improvement the River Clyde has been made deep enough for large ocean stesmers to pass up to Glasgow. Shanghai. In China, Is also a world-famous seaport, but It haa taken a lot of work to give it the place whera It now stands. The peo ple of this Oriental city bad their minds made tip to have their city be come a world-famous seaport, and they have succeeded In doing so. Hamburg, In Germany, on the River Elbe, Is -S miles from the North Sea. The Elbe Is onlv a narrow stream, but after much Improvement it has been made deep enough for large ocean liners. Hamburg Is the greatest seaport of the world. But Portland is on a deeper and wider river than Hamburg, and it seems to prove that Portland is a world-famous seaport. Portland 1 the seaport of the Pacific Northwest. Six million dollars have been spent Improving the bar. our million, two hundred thousand dollars of this six million the Portland people raid and the rest was paid by Congress. When those six million dollars was spent improving the bar great jetties were made, which allowed the sand to gather around them. Now Portland has tS miles of docks In her harbor. Her fresh-water port is also a great advantage. Portland Is the largest lumber port In tbe whole world. Portland also has a large coastwise trade, with steamers running to San Diego, San Francisco. Los Angeles, Puget Sound, Alaska and all other Oregon ports. The scenery at the mouth of the Co lumbia River Is very beautiful, and it always charms the psssengers of .the steamers going; to Portland, Tba beau tiful hills and falls ought to make an impression on the people. But Portland is not the seaport that it might be. It would take $360,000 to make the Columbia and Willamette rivers below Portland what they should be and J2.104.000 to make the Colum bia's mouth what It rhould be. But even if it would take a great deal of money to make Portland a greater seaport, Portland is the sea port of the Pacific Northwest, Following Is the first prise essay among those submitted by students of the sixth, to ninth grades, Inclusive: PORTLAXD AS A SHIPPING PORT By Eileen Hullt. Portland, the largest city and finan cial and commercial center for tbe en tire state of Oregon, has a population of 259,610 people, and is situated on the Willamette River, 12 miles above the point where that stream joins tho Columbia River and 110 miles from the Pacific Ocean. The area within the city limits is 61 square miles. The al titude is 30 to 1060 feet. Portland is at tbe head of the deep water navigation on Willamette and Columbia rivers and is reached at all stages of the tide by vessels of 25 to 26 feet draft, this draft including ves sels from 10,000 to 12,000 carrying ca pacity. Alonjr the waterfront converge tho commercial activities of the city. Here at anchor are the great vessels from every climate and port, bringing with them the romance of sea and foreign lands. Dynamic little tugs haul huge barges or rafts of logs. Passenger or freight boats from river or coastwise points are making dock. Portland Is the natural outlet to the best markets of the coast, Europe and the Orient, for the Immense territory drained by the Willamette and Columbia rivers. Steamers are coming from all parts of the world. Tbe principal steamers are those of the Portland & Asiatic Steam ship Company, American-Hawaiian Steamship line, Portland & San Fran cisco Company, and many others. Portland has the largest .fresh water harbor in tbe world, and it is the only one on the Pacific Coast. Vessels entering: the Willamette River do not require their bottoms scraped, as the fresh water loosens the barna cles and destroys them. Tbe depth of Portland's fresh-water habor Is 26 feet at the lowest water. Two thou sand fifty-nine vessels of 2.325.721 tons came to this port during the year. Portland is the chief railroad center in Oregon. All tbe railroads reach the city by an ea6y grade, of which the principal ones are the Great Northern, Northern Pacific, Oregon-Washington Railway & Navigation Company, the Southern Paclflo and others. There are 109 steam passenger trains that leave and arrive In Portland every 2-1 hours. Portland has 200 miles of streetcar lines and 400 miles of paved streets. Portland manufactures and ships more lumber than any other city In the world. The total of lumber during the year waa 635.600,000 feet. The cargo shipments were 156.316.671 feet. To coastwise trade 110,642,000 feet of lumber was sent. Portland is striving with New York for superiority in the volume of wheat shipments, but occasionally ex ceeding the record made by that great city. Seven million nine hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and seventy-eight bushels of wheat, valued at fS.257,036, was sent to foreign coun tries during the year, and 424,455 bar rels of flour, valued at $1,775,193, and 2.153,599 bushels of barley, valued at $1,303,319. During the past year one seventh of all wheat shipped from tho United States was loaded in Portland. Portland ia the center of livestock and ment-packing. The value per year is $25,000,000. Portland has the largest packing plant in the West. Portland is rapidly becoming more and more a manufacturing center in the Northwest. Nine hundred eighty three manufacturing plants are now lecated in the city. The principal prod ucts manufactured are flour, furniture, woolens, harness, saddlery, machinery, meat, canned fruit, ships.. Other in dustries are shipping, agriculture, hor ticulture, floriculture, dairying and truck-gardening.- Other articles manu factured are bags, cloth, stoves. Iron ware, sashes and doora and paint. Tha value of the products last year was placed at $47,000,000. Along the waterfront are docks, but there are some docks on the Fiile chan nel of the Columbia River. The ship building yards are in St Johns and another near the Morrison bridge. There are six steel bridges which span the Willamette Faiver. Most of Portland's trade is with Great Britain and her possessions. The total exports from Portland were $10,991,012 and the Imports $2. 863,693 during the past year. Vessels brought imports from 46 foreign coun tries Into Portland harbor and carried away exports to- 15 foreign lands. Portland leads tho cities of the United States in wheat exports and the world in lumber exports. Portland leads the Pacific Coast 1" salmon-packing and the shipment of fruit. The varieties of salmon are Chinook, steelhead. silverside, chum and the blue back. Other fish are shad, smelt, sturgeon, tomcod. flounder and others. They are caught by fish wheels, fish-trapc, gillnets and seines All kinds of shellfish, both native and transplanted, are caught and marketed. The annual value of the fruit crop for the past four years was $7,183,070. The different kinds of fruit are apples, the chief fruit; pears, prunes, cherries, peaches, strawberries, hops, walnuts, vegetables. So Portland, with all these advan tages and with the opening of the Panama Canal, will surely become tha greatest seaport In the world In future years. SOLDIER'S HAIR IS WHITE Veteran of German Trenches Neter Wants to See Gun Again. Ackerman lost his right leg whllo Ackerman. who lost a leg while fight ing 'for Germany, and was discharged from service has arrived here from Germany 'and will make his home with a brother, Fritz Ackerman. a rancher residing near Shorb Station. Although only 32 years of age tha ex-soldier's hair Is snow white, and bin faco is lined with scores of deep wrin kles, making him appear an old man. Ackerman list bis right leg while fighting In the trenches last Winter, and was compelled to go with only first-aid treatment a week before be ing sent to a hospital. Ackerman says that the war will never end until Germany conquers the fight and the allies sue for peace. "Every German thinks he is fighting for his home and country, and he ban never been taught the meaning of tbe word 'quit.' The German army must be annihilated to a man If the allies ex pect to win In the conflict." Ackerman says he hopes never to hear the report of a gun again as long as he lives. An Enterprising Hostess. Buffalo CX. Y.) Express. "She's an entertaining hostess, and so clever!" "Yes. Indeed. She never leta , any of her relatives sing if they can't".