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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (July 18, 1915)
TIIE SUNDAY 'OREGONIAN. rORTLAXD, "JULT 13, 1915. WAR. IS BACKWARD STEP IN EVOLUTION "Survival of Fittest" Not Rule of Battle Conducted Un der New Conditions. BEST MEN ARE- VICTIMS 'Gannon Has Xo Eyes," Quotes Will Irwin, Pointing Out That Genius Often Is Killed When "Under sized Dolt Is Spared. Continued From First Page.) In the audience came through curiosity. There was a discussion afterward. These youths, brought up on the "re ligion of valor." could not subscribe to theories so bizarre. Afterward Jor dan was remembered In that university as a harmless though Interesting crank from America, the land of shallow doc trine. Those apologists for war like Bern hardt the Philosopher of Hell, say that It is a "biological necessity," that it is the "survival of the fittest," that through it the human race improves. The exact reverse is true. Bernhardt and his fellows are professional boI diers, arguing for the glory and pros perity of their class. They are special pleaders, like the liquor dealers, who maintain that free consumption of al cohol Is good for the race, or the cotton-mill owners,- who hold that child labor is good for the body politic. Argument Begun With Fallacy. They begin with the fallacy of as euming that a race has the same rules of life as an individual a trick of ar gument which has slain its thousands of truths. Wild male animals of bel ligerent tendencies, they say, get out and fight and fight and fight. The weakest are killed: the strongest sur vive to propagate the race; and so the race improves. That might have been true: pos sibly it was true of primitive times Two tribes went out to war. All the men Joined in, weak and strong alike. It was hand-to-hand combat, with clubs or spears. In such fighting, of course, the weak and stupid went down, and the strong and clever survived. But from the moment when man In vented bows and arrows and other weapons which killed at a distance all that began to change. With the in vention of gunpowder it changed still more: with the great improvement of artillery, it changed most of all. To day a squad of French soldiers stands nt a crossroads. In that squad Is one Jine young ieuow, well bra ned. well muscled, capable of great things if his life be spared, capable also of being father to a strong generation. Beside him stands an undersized dolt, who nas Dareiy passed the medical exam mers. a iierman gunner five miles away gets the range from an aeroplane ana. arops a. sneu among these French Wen, killing half of them. "A cannon." as the Chinese Minister at Brussels gravely informed his colleagues Just before the German invasion, "has no eyes." The young genius Is int ... likely to be killed as the dolt no more, no less. Best to Front to Ile. So much when the army gets to the line, but in the conscript countries, like France and Germany, there is a process of selection in picking the army by which the best speakina- In general terms go out to die. while the weaicest remain. The undersized, the unaermusciea, the underbrained. the men twisted oy hereditary deformity or devitalized by hereditary disease they remain at home to propagate the breed. The rest, all the rest, go out to take chances. There is still another hideous fact in mis accumulation of hideous facts. as modern conscript armies are nrua n. ized, it is the youngest men who sus tain the heaviest loss the men who are not yet fathers. From the point of view of the race, that is. perhaps, the most melancholy fact of all. The French are not publishing their losses, and estimates vary. I am pretty sure, though, that since the war began France has lost a half million men killed or so badly wounded that thev may be counted out of the history of the race. The slightly wounded, or even such of the heavily wounded as can De made whole again, are another matter. This war. unfortunately, Is going on. The best informed see no ena to it tor a long, long time cer tainly not before next Winter, and proDaDly not until far into 1916. Let it continue through next Winter, and. wnai witn tne open "fightinsr months to come. France must lose, at lowest estimate, as many more, or a million in an. Million Aristocrats Lost. Now, this million, as I have tried to ehow, constitutes the real aristocracy of France on the male side. They were Just coming into the flower of their useiuiness both to their generation and xo the coming race. The process must be almost exactly the same in Germany. She has a larger population, and therefore more men. But she has been fighting on two fron- ties and has- been bolstering up two weaker allies. Her losses must have Deen as heavy as France's in pro portion to her population probably heavier. Tour Bernhardi. driven into tne corner with such facts as these would probably answer that he was thinking in terms of races; that ir war the stronger races survive, the weaker perish: and the whole human breed profits theseby. By the stronger race. Bernhardi, being a German, means the Uerman race. That rule worked once, perhaps. When the European races were first building they met and conquered sev eral Inferior peoples. I imagine that Attila's Huns were a race decidedly inferior to the Franks, who annihilated them But there is no such difference between the six great civilized modern nations who are fighting out this war in Western Europe. Grant, for the sake of argument, that Germany is the superior nation, the coming race: yet any reasonable pro-German must admit that the margin of superiority is very small indeed. Grant also that Germany wins overwhelmingly and gains the "place In the sun." She would prob ably, could she measure it, find her stock reduced below the standard of the "lowest," the most "Inferior" race of her enemies as that race stood be fore the war. The "lower," the "in ferior" races would go stil further back: and we should find the blood of all Europe thinned, the physical and mental standards of all Europe lowered. Voluntary Service Selective, Too. I have omitted England from this calculation. With England, which has not yet adopted conscription, the case is different. Yef it works out toward the same end. Never before in the world was there such a volunteer army as Britain is raising now. The num ber of men from the British Isles un der arms and ready to fight la perhaps 500.000. . And here, even more than in the conscript countries, the process is selective. Those who have volun teered are characteristically the best young men of Britain for physical and moral force. "We cannot stOD now." said a Ger man Journal recently. "England has not yet suffered enough. It is true that the British losses, so far. have been far lower than those of France and Germany. Probably the British have no more than 100.000 men killed or so badly wounded as to make them useless to the race. But from this time forth if the war goes as every one expects it to go England will lose more and more,. until her blood, also, is drained. However, the British have sustained their losses in sue1 fashion as to drlye noma the point tc support in the Brit ish mind Mils new theory, which all Western Europe is beginning to un derstand. Your typical Briton wor ships "class." Be he upper class., lower class or middle class, he believes in his bones that the aristocracy is really and literally the best of England. Now, so far, the losses have fallen most heavily on the aristocracy. The upper class and the upper middle class were first to respond to the call of England. In the early days of the war they took service anywhere in the corps of of ficers, in the army service corps and in the ranks. And of the 70.000 who retreated from Mons in August, the 120,000 who held the line at Ypres In October, comparatively few survive. Titles Already Extinct. Later England began making subal terns, or second lieutenants, of her gentlemen" clae. The traditions of the British army i are such that the subaltern must take the greatest chances of all. The life of a tuhilirm on the line is as short as that of an aniuery norse. Great family after ureat iamny nas lost all its male heirs. By the end of March 15 major titles were already extinct. An English marquis and a plain Warwickshire Tommy have spoken to me of the situation in almost Identical terms, what are we going to do for senuemen ir this thing keeps up?" they said. By what is happening to the aristocracy the Britisher measures what is happening ' o the whole race. RUSSIfliraf GIVEN PKCKJRBSS MADE TOWARD MODIFY. ISO TRADE EMBARGO. Plan Accepted- by Customs Department Provides for Consigning; Goods to Secretary of Commerce. WASHINGTON. July 17. Acceptance by the Russian department of customs of proposals looking to the modifica tion of Russia's embargo on exports to the United States was announced, to day In a cablegram to C Medzikhovsky. commercial attache of the Russian Em bassy. Under the proposed plan, which must be formally ratified by the Russian Foreign Office, exports would be con signed to the Secretary of Commerce of the United States, to . be distributed under official superivsion to American merchants and manufacturers on guar, antees that the goods would not be ex ported. Prompt approval by the For eign Office is expected and the De partment of Commerce is ready to carry out its part of the plan. The arrangement will cover exports from Russia to the United States ag gregating millions of dollars annually, which have been entirely cut off since the beginning of the European war. The original plan proposed by Rus sia, under which goods might be shipped to the United States contem plated "diplomatic guarantees" from the United States that the products would not find their way to countries hostile to Russia. The American State Department certified that it had no power to make such guarantees and negotiations were undertaken to meet tne situation in another way. APPLE EXPORTS UNLIKELY Hood Hiver Sales Manager Kxpects Xo Australian Orders. HOOD RIVER, Or., July 17. (Spe cial.) Discussing the 400-carload order for apples received by the growers of tne w enatchee district. Wilmer Sieg. sales manager of the Apple Growers' Association, of this city, says: "We do not expect any Australian business this year. The British govern ment has issued orders that British vessels shall give preference to fruits grown in the provinces, and we do not expect to be able to get space. The Australian buyers know this, and as yet we have received no queries about our fruit from Australia. Such a state of affairs produces practically a boycott or American iruit." HOOD RIVER BUILDS POOL Swimming Place Being Constructed by Public-Spirited Effort. HOOD RIVER, Or., July 17. (Spe ciai.j n. a. Kramer a contractor. Is now busily engaged excavating for Hood River's municipal swimming-pool, a campaign for the construction of which has been in progress for the past two years. The funds for the cool have been raised during the past two months by a committee composed of representatives of civic organizations. The swimming-pool will be built on city property, immediately below an old reservoir, formerly a part of the city water works. The open-air theater is on the same plot of ground. Accord ing to plans, other park Improvements will follow. Weiser Oddfellow Officers Installed. "WEISER. Idaho, July 17. (Special.) Officers of Weiser Lodge No. 17, Odd fellows, were installed Tuesday by Charles H. Warner, district deputy grand master, as follows: Noble grand, Gilbert F. Kimball; vice-grand. A. D. Hunt; recording secretary, 11. W. Bond financial secretary, Ben F. Edlin; treas urer, Albert G. Cordelle; warden. Ralph E. Nolen; chaplain. W. R. Boyd; con ductor, L. I. Purcell; inner guard, Ev erett C-Smith; outer guard. Charles Johnson: right supporter noble grand, Elmer Rock; left supporter noble grand. J. Oushlng; right supporter vice-grand, H, p; -Kizer; left supporter vice-grand. Joseph barber. Wallace to Have New Theater. WALLACE, Idaho. July 17. (Spe cial.) The last of the ruins of the old Masonic Theater, which was destroyed Dy rire on the night ofJuly 1, was yesieraay consigned to tne names preparatory to clearing the site for the reception of a new and modern playhouse. Lebanon Folk See Bell at Albany. LEBANON. Or., July 17. (Special.) More tnan 4UO patriotic people of Leo anon went to Albany Thursday to view Liberty Bell as it passed through that city. Many of them brought back souvenir booklets. CARD OF T1HKS. vt e wisn to express our annrm it nn and thanks to our many friends for the beautiful flowers, kindness and sym pathy shown us during our recent be reavement. MRS. SARAH C. KNODELL AQV. AALI tAMIUI, 200 STUDENTS IH GAMP PLAY AT WAR Field Life Studied Under In. struction of Government at Tent City Near Fair. SHAM BATTLES FOUGHT On Individual lieoord at Dispersing Depends Certification of visibil ity for Commission In Volun teer Forces in Case of War. SAN FRANCISCO. Cal.. July 17 (Special.) Arising dallv to "revein." responding to "mess' and the other reg theUSCalIs., the bule throughout leM.f te".tS 'and llv,n " ""Idlers in active service, more than 200 youths hr?tw-C!.mp. upon San "ranclsco's nrtlPrf.8idl members ot the War Department's students' camp of Instruc lion. The camp opened Kitnniiv i..i m and will close August 15. giving the young men in attendance college men ror the most part five solid weeks of the most efficient military" instruction possible, interspersed with periods of . rn5 iaoor or the soldier on the field. At the end of this n ....i,.' riod the students. If they have proved ?.. ' ttentive and shall have qual ified under the requirements as to fit ness and proficiency, will be certified to the President by the Secretary of "ar eligible for commissions in volunteer forces In the r .v.. United States becoming Involved In war witmn the next few years. Students Represent 28 States.' In all 28 states are rf DrcpniH hv students at the camp. . The students were organized Into three companies, with reaular Armv officers In command as Captains and lieutenants. Overlooking on the one hand the Golden Gate, on the other the unsur passable beauties of the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, with the nay or ian Francisco immediately be fore, and beyond the statelv hm of Marin, the site of the camp is an ideal one. It is located on the main parade grounds or the Presidio and within 400 yards of the Presidio entrance to the Exposition, to which the students have free access when in uniform. From the Sibley tents, in which the students sleep six to a tent can be seen the Pacific fleet of the American Navy riding at anchor off the fair grounds. Company K. Twenty-first In fantry, was brought from Vancouver Barracks. Washington, and Is camping next to the students during the life cH the camp to assist In giving Instruc tion. Also around San Francisco Bay are stationed IS companies of the Coast Artillery Corps, some of which are scheduled to furnish instruction in manning the big guns that guard the Golden Gate. All Phases of Field Life Studied. Major James G. Harbord. First United States Cavalry, Is in command of the camp, and he has worked out a splen did schedule cf instruction, drills and demonstration work covering practi cally every phase of the life and work o the soldier. There are daily lec tures on sanitation, the rules of land warfare, personal hygiene, use and du ties of the different arms of the serv ice, map reading, field and coast artil lery work, American military history and a score of kindred subjects. The daily routine of the students in cludes drills, practice marches, sham battles, signal corps work, first-aid work, map making, machine-gun work and combat exercises of all types. The afternoons and evenings the students have to themselves to visit the Expo sition or to pass In any other manner their fancy dictater. Optional Kxerclsen Also Given. There will be 31 actual instruction days and 124 hours will be consumed In military duties, or almost as much actual work under what are nearly field conditions as the average militia officer gets under armory conditions. Nineteen hours will be passed In dem onstration work during the camp. 12 In actual hard drills, six hours In posi tion drills and gallery practice, six hours in sketching, 19 hours in lec tures, 13 In tactical walks. 15 hours In terrain exercises. 10 hours in field ex ercises. 16 In practice marches and maneuvers and two hours in Inspec tions. Then there are optional exercises, such as most of the students are glad ly taking, such as cavalry riding, gal lery practice and competitions, first aid work, theoretical tactical work, the "war game" and troop-leading prob lems that will almost double the amount of work for those students who elect to devote most of their days to military exercises In preference to the pursuit of civilian pastimes. . ROAD FUNDS ARE ALLOTTED Cowlitz County, Washington, to Spend $25,250 on Improvements. KELSO. Wash.. July 17. (Special.) County Commissioner C r . M. Jabuscb has lust announced how he will dis tribute the funds of Road District No. 2 of Cowlitz County during next year. The Mount Crawford road project, which will be given $8600. and the Slide Creek road, to get $3000. will be the most favored projects. The re malnder of the $17,260 allotment will be divided so as to provide for ample repairs and maintenance. The road and bridge fund. $8000, will be ex pended upon the Coal Creek road. Work on the Mosquito Cre'ek road, west of Kelso, has been practically completed and the county crew Is now at work putting on a final rock sur face. A new county rock crusher has been erected at the falls on Coal Creek and will be used In building the Coal Creek road. North Idaho Landmark Goes. WALLACE. Idaho, July 17. (Spe cial.) The old building at Osborne, formerly used as county courthouse and one of the landmarks or tne dls trlct. is being torn down. The ram shackle old building was the scene of the first term of court held In this county after Idaho became a state in 1890. and some important mining liti gation was decided there, involving possession or tne lamous Hunker Hill mine. Farm Home Near Lacomb Burns. LEBANON. Or.. July 17. (Special.) The farm home of M. W. leoman. two miles east of Lacomb. was burned down yesterday. Mr. and Mrs. Yeoman were at work at the, time and only the children were at home. Bond Case Briefs Filed. ROSEBURG, Or.. July 17. (Special.) The brlela In the case recently luU tuted by Harry Pearce to test the validity of the bonds voted recently by the people of Roseburg to assist Ken dall Brothers In constructing a railroad and sawmill In this vicinity were filed In the Oregon Supreme Court. The court has agreed to render a decision prior to taking Its annual vacation on August L MINE PROPERTY DECAYING Itesunipllon of Operations on Prop erty Xear Oakland Vncertaln. OAKLAND. Or., July 17. (Special.) Several times the report has been cir culated that the Cinnabar-mines, eight miles southeast of here on the Cala poola River, again will be operated. But the bunkhouses, a dozen or eo of them scattered on the hillside above the river, showing the activity that once reigned here, are falling Into decay, and tiie track back. Into the shaft of the main mine Is fast becoming submerged in debris and water. Much ore was taken out of this mine and operations in It stopped several years back, not through their failure to pay, but because a free-for-all, a reg ular battle, with serious results in dead and wounded ensued among the Chinese mir.era. The county haa benefited from the mines In the way of a long tract of un. usually good roads which were made from the red rock In which the quick silver is found, and which makes ex cellent road material. It haa been said that the county could almost afford to work the mines. MILITIA UNIT OPPOSED Funds Held Xol Available for Kn glncer Company at Spokane. OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash ington. July 17. The War Department does not favor the organization of a company of engineers at Spokane as a unit In the National Guard of Wash ington, as proposed by the Spokane Chamber of Commerce. The attitude of the department Is set forth in a let ter of Adjutant-General H. P. McCain to Senator Jones, in which he says: "A condition precedent to the ex tension of United States aid to such an organization would be its recogni tion as a unit of the organized militia of the State of Washington. The Adjutant-General of the state haa in formed this oflce that there are bare ly enough funds to support the troops now actually existing. The United States could equip the company throughout, but It would be Impossible for the organization to exiwt with only the assistance which the United States could give." RECLAMATION IS PROPOSED New District Near Kelso Comprises 7 0 00 .cres. KELSO. Wash.. July 17 (Special.) Thar 7000 acres of overflow land will be diked In the near future was prac tically determined at a meeting recently of large holders of the bottom lands west of Kelso. A vast majority of the land owners south of Pooler's Lake are satisfied the project Is feasible and Maglll, McKenney A Brush were In structed at the meeting to -proceed to draw up the petitions and other papers and to get the preliminaries started at once. The land lying north of Fowler's Lake, which was Included when the dis trict was proposed previously will not be within the boundaries of the new district, and as most of the opposition was oy owners In that district, which Is well protected, except when there is exceptionally tilth water, the project undoubtedly will receive a favorable vote. Texan Buy Butterrlcld Sheep. WEISER. Idaho, July 17 (SnerlaL) rEvldence of the widespread reputa tion attained by the Butterfleld Live stock Company of this city, whose im mense holdings are In the Weiser Val ley. Is another shipment this week of thoroughbred Ramboulliet rams and ewes to San Angelo. Tex. The ship ment was consigned to Sam H. Hill. W. H. Kelley and Dan Hanks, well-known sheepmen of the Lone Star State. In the shipment were 10 rams, which sold at $100 each: 125 ewes at $25 each; 25 ewes at $30 each. Mr. Butterfleld has received offers of $250 each for several of his rams, but refused to let them go. The flocks of this company contain the beat blood to be had In this country, and some of the best In the world. Mrs. Stewart. Lebanon. Under Knife. LEBANON. Or.. July 17. (Special.) Mrs. S. C. Stewart, wife of the presi dent of the Lebanon National Bank, underwent a critical operation In a Portland hospital this week. She Is reported recovering rapidly. Hrnxit yearly consumes 6.000,000 fret ul Swerii.h pine lumber s TOP! LOOK!! LISTEN!!! Walk-Over Shoes Our Sale Continues, and We Are Going to Continue to Offer Staple Shoes Seasonable Summer Novelties TREMENDOUS' CUTS IN PRICES Lines of Regular 3.50 to $7.00 Walk-Overs Cut Deep to 95c, $1.45, $1.95, $2.45, $2.95, $3.45 Monday Special! 223 and Oxfords, $3.50 to All These Walk-Overs Are High-Grade and WALK - OVER BOOT? 146 Broadway Eilers Block OSUFSLIHKD Of Hart Schaffner & Marx Summer , Weight Suits at 4 Off Regular Prices - This sale embraces our entire stock of the newest in Summer Clothes. Every conceivable style and pattern to select from. Blue, Black and Tuxedos Included. Prices Quoted Below Are Genuine Reductions. $20 Hart Schaffner & Marx Suits $15.00 $25 Hart Schaffner & Marx Suits $18.75 $30 Hart Schaffner & Marx Suits $22.50 Furnishing Goods at Clearance Prices Arrow Shirts Reduced $1.50 Shirts S1.15 ?2.00 Shirts S1.35 $5.00 Shirts S3. 55 Odds and Ends 50c Silk Ties 25d Sam'! Rosenblatt The Men's Shop for Quality TEACHERS GO TO FRONT KXiLAM) AMD WALKS II4VK CVM ON KIGHTING 1.1 K. Knowledge .1 (iysaaaatlca Creates De mand for fchoolaaastera aa Kaa ('nmlwlawd Officers. LONDON. June 20. Fifty-five hun dred school teachers from England and Wales have Joined the British fighting forces since the besTlnnlns; of the war. The proportion Is larnest In London, where the free public schools have pro vided 1100 schoolmaster recruits and 250 more have obtained permission to Join soon. The educational authorities arrant an enlisting teacher a leave of absence for the duration of the war and guar antee his reinstatement without detri ment to his 'status, salary Increases and professional prospects. Moreover, while serving: In the army, he receives his full school pay, lesa army pay and allowances. The schoolmasters, accustomed to command and thoroughly familiar witn the sj Mem of Swedish gymnastic, which forms, an Important part of tlm traininc of the new armies, are in treat demand as drill Instructors and large numbers have promptly attained noncommissioned rank or accepted commissions. Substitute teachers have mostly been provided from women who left the pro fession on marriage and have now re turned to fill what are called "war service vacancies." In hundreds of cases, where a woman teacher has married a man teacher, the wife has returned to the classroom, thus filling the gap caused by her husband's enlist ment. This has leJ to thousands of older boys being taught for the first time by women. Wife Has Mill Owner Jailed. CKNTUALIA. Wash.. July 17. (Spe cial.) On the complaint of his wife that he threatened to shoot her. J. K. Keller, who operates a sawmill on pairs Women's Pumps QCp $4.00 regular JJ (Contract Goods Excepted) Bathing Suits Sacrificed $1.25 Bathing Suits.. S1.05 $1.50 Bathing Suits. .81.125 $2.00 Bathing; Suits. -SI. 70 $2.50 Bathing Suits. .812.05 $3.50 Bathing Suits. -S12.95 50c Porosknit Underwear 35 a garment. and Service. Jackson Prairie, whs arrested yester day at'Napavine. Keller hid from the sheriff's force for M hours and was apprehended when he went into Napa vlne nfter food. He pleaded not cullty and Is lodged In the Iewts I'ounty Jail In default of 5uo bail. FAIR PLANS . EXTENSIVE Southwest Washington Sliow in Be on tirrater Neale This Year. CKSTRALIA. Wash.. July IT. (Spe cial.) The 1915 Southwest Washington Fair, which will be held the la.-t week In August, will be the best in history, according to predictions nmd- at a luncheon of the Commercial Club Mon day by tieorge Walker, secretary of the fair board. Kace proitpect ar. espe cially bright, according to Mr. Walker. on of the early closing events having 23 entries. Plans were laid at the luncheon to draw big crowds to the fair this year from Tacoma. Seattle and Portland. The efforts of the local Kagles to ob tain the location of a state home for Kagles In this city were Indorsed. Centralis Company Off to Camp. CEXTRALI A. Wash, July 17. (Spe cial.) Company M. Second Regiment. Washington National Guard, will leave for American Lake tomorrow morning. 60 strong, for the annual encampment of the State Ounrd. Captain Living stone received a letter yesterday from the Adjutant-General Instructing him to report all cases wherein employers violate the state law In refusing to allow guardsmen In their employment to attend camp, but Centrnlia business men. as a whole, have shown a will ingness to Rive their employes a vaca tion. 400 Sco Ilcll at Midnight. MERLIN. Or.. July 17. (Special.) The special bearing the Liberty Rell passed through Merlin at l!:Sa yes terday morning. About 400 persons were waiting at the depot. While the special did not make a stop yet it passed slowly giving all a good op portunity to view the bell. 120 pairs Men's High Shoes, "I lace and button,, at. JLm!7 J F. C. Underwear Reduced $1.00 Union Suits. . $1.50 Union Suits.., $2.00 Union Suits. . $2.50 Union Suits.., 75d S1.15 S1.50 S1.S5 $1.50 Rosenblatt's Label Shirts 95d. & Co. Northwest Corner Third and Morrison INQUIRY UP TO OREGOtl Ft M I.ACKINti TOR FKDF.Btl, I. M ;ra-t HKARINK. Only Way ta laaisee Caaaaslttee Frai areas Make Trl Waala Be far Mate fmr F.iram. CRKltO N IAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash ington. July 14. The suggestion that Speaker Champ Clark, of the National House of Representatives, designate a suh-t'ommlttee of the public land com mittee to visit Oregon this Summer to investlcnte all phases of the Oregon California land grant, is not hkelv be acted upon, chiefly for the reason that there Is no way by which such a trip could be financed. Such trips are first authorised by resolution of the House or Senate, as the case may be. and the resolution provides for pay ing the expenses out of the "contingent fund" of the House or Senate. There is no other way that funda can be taken from the "contingent fund." Recausn of this Important obstacle. It Is unlikely that a committee repre senting the public land committee of the House will visit Oregon this Sum mer. The Speaker, of course, could ap point the committee, but It Is not prob able that members so appointed would undertake the trip at their own ex pense. They might, however, be in duced to visit Oregon if their expenses were paid by the state or by the citi xens of Oregon. The rivers and harbors committee is soon to visit California and several other states to Inspect river Improve ments, and the expenses of that trip are being paid by Callfomiaas, no authorisation of the trip having been made by the House. If some similar schema should be put through In Ore gon, whereby the expenses of the pub lic lands committee, or a sub-committee of that committee, could be paid, the trip no doubt would be undertaken. The Hnrporui at Its widest potnt measures S::s fo.i. or on. and four-flftha miles, kl.e--h:r it narrows to as litti as on.-slxth Reliable SHOP STEIDLE, Manager v 9