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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Oct. 18, 1914)
THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, OCTOBER 18, 1914. FIGHTING Mfi t'.MPZ--o-, J i I IZJk I I ill ' lsiPft - . . v 0 - V . . . SZs iSrVG "v? 'iJiii-"' f i" ; f AUSTRIAN "If ' Al ' Mh ;" sS -V - I '".vr.!.",, . mi 7 V7 sW HW NfKi 'mTCa b:p$m (CTS' iff m. . -- ls: M (-Mf 1 7 V v . pirn 9 fr 5.w ; Count Laev. an Aus trian General of Irish Ancestry. BY BJCHAJRO Q. CONOVER. FOR generations the soldier of Aus tria has been the military martyr of Europe. His lot and his role In the present great war may demand a repetition of his martyrdom. Fate n&a made him the foil of glory In the past the flint upon which the rival na tions have struck their steel for battle spark. Re has fought and fought, and will fight again; but the records show that he has suffered defeat much oftener than the fighting men of the other great states and has profited far less from his lean list of victories. And this defeat distinction is not de serving of gibe. To suffer overthrow one must engage in battle. Austria has never slipped out of a fight and her soldier has ever marched forward and never murmured. His endurance and .perseverance mrougn aecaaes ox con flict, when not a single star of past victory gave a hope-gleam toguide or cheer, make him well worthy of epic His marital optimism has made him the ever rallying point and faith-center of war. If the Austrian soldier had not been a valiant fighter, then many of the battle results that have so puffed up the nations of Europe would be but tinkling cymbal chronicles. But the fact is. whenever any nation clashed with Austria it was kept flghtingly busy. Foemen worthy of steel they al ways were. And whenever the Aus trian soldier was trounced so that the victor's heel was hard on his neck, and he seemed battered and shattered Into at least a decade of demoralization, bing! news came that he was in bat tle array a few miles off and marching to take another drubbing. What has sustained the patriotic in spiration of the Austrian soldier? A far search and a deep analysis might have to be made for adequate answer. He fights for a country in which reside at least 10 different races or classes of people. There are Germans, Czechs, Slovaks, Ruthenians, Poles, Magyars. Blevenes, Croats, Italians and Rou manians. Four nationalities unite for the fighting man to defend. Austria, Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, have, each, their separate histories, and have hud their separate rulers. Such a poly- Andreas Holer, Who Led the Rebellisa Against the French. glot blend la enough to puncture pa triotism beyond repair. Still the Aus trian soldier Is there with the fight." At home curbing outbreak, and abroad trying to uphold national prestige, be has been kept busy. And he has no pivotal conquest point from which to date an animating Impetus. Austrian accessions come in a great measure from wedding bargains, marriage in heritances and diplomats connivances, and; not through the sword. There is connected with gaining them no mar tial epoch around which-shines the In viting light of battle incentive no memorable struggle for independence, no building up of a nation from noth ing through brave deeds and sacrifice. Instead there is a constant slipping away, or dwindling, and a, loss of the few fruits of valor. It has been so now for at least 175 years. Still the Austrian soldier has fought on. His defense against Turkish invasion is un derstandable, but his aggressive bat tling In the face of continued defeat Is not. The fighting man of Austria rises to his knees at the bugle call, grips his musket, gets on his feet and mutters Tm ready!" In turning the glass on the battling accomplishments of the Austrian sol dier it must bs borne in mind that he has done a great deal of fighting while blended with his German-apesk- ing kinsmen of the Holy Roman or German Empire, of which be was but a part- When the empire waged war as a whole was .impossible to 'segre gate his deeds from those of the other states. For this reason, although the fighting man of Austria has performed valiantly for centuries, it is only since 1741, or at the beginning of the war of the Austrian succession, that his national militancy has stood out to world notice. During the period between 1741 and 186 the soldier of Austria engaged in seven periods of conflict and was whipped eo often that it seemed a habit. In the war of the Austrian succession, waged to decide whether or not Maria Theresa of Austria was to succeed her father on the throne of that country. he was well trounced at Molwitz. Ho- henfriedberg, Sorr and Kesselsdorf. He captured Munich and Prague from their defenders, but in ths end all his Queen got for his fighting was an. acknowl edgment of the legality of her suc cession to her father's kingdom. Aus tria was obliged to relinquish the en tire province of Silesia to Frederick the Great of Prussia, as well as her tem porary war conquests in Italy, and to yield the duchies of Parma. Flacentia and Guastalla. But the Austrian sol dier fought well through it all. espe cially at Molwitz, the victory won by Prussians after Frederick bad galloped from the field, thinking his army beaten. The seven years' war found the fighting man of Austria lined up against the great Frederick again. On October 1. 175S. the Austrian took his Deating once more at lowtsttx. sear the Saxon frontier, although he fought valiantly. Then ha was whipped again under the walls of Prague, but at Ko lln. under Leopold. Count Daun. he made a memorable dent in the fighting record of the great Frederick by beat ing him badly, with -a loss of 14,000 killed, wounded and prisoners, 43 pieces of artillery, 22 standards and a great amount of small arms. Daun bad two horses killed under him. was twice wounded and showed himself a worthy antagonist of the celebrated war cap tain. This was the battle where the laconic Frederick cried to his eavslry after their sixth repulse: "Charge again! Would you livs forever?" But It was an Austrian day and one of the "big" few of which her soldier was destined to be proud for many years. This was In June. 17ST. At Leathea. shortly afterward, Frederick beat the Austrian soldier again. But bo came back at Frederick, at Kunersdorf somewhat. being " aided by a large Russian army. At Lelgnits one more the Austrian soldier suc cumbed. The war ended with the Prus sians keeping Silesia and Glats. over which the conflict bsd been waged. Generals Count Daun. Count Lacy and Gideon Loudon were Frederick's fa mous opponents. Count Lacy, an Austrian General of Irlsb ancestry, made himself famous during the Seven Tears' War by his brilliant manipulation of his army In tight places. At Leignlts, where bs formed a junction In record time with the armies of Daun and Loudon, had his plan been followed, the great battle would more than likely have gone against Frederick. He was famous for always wishing to make the opening attack. No Austrian General aroused the same enthusiasm with his men by his personal bravery. In the campaign about Torgau he escaped death by the merest chance many times. He was made a Field Marshal for his conspicu ous ability. , The pre-Napoleonic or revolutionary lights with France, as well as the Na pbleonte wars themselves, found the Austrian soldier steadily taking his beating. October 23, 172, he was well trounced at Jemxaappes by the conven tion army of Franc onder Domouriez. At Rouremonde General Jourdan beat the Austrian again. October t, 1794. Napoleon's Italian campaign of 179 brought ths defeat of the Austrian sol dier at Lodl. Brescia, Castlgllone, Ro verdo and Baesano. Again be was beaten by ths young conqueror at Ar eola and completely routed at Rlvoli. Mantua and 20,004 Austrisna fell Into Napoleon's bands as a consequence. The treaty of peace stipulated that France . acquire all ths Austrian Netherlands. In ms the combined armies of Rus sia and Austria won a number of minor successes on Italian battle grounds, the French Generals Moreau and Joubert being the losera. In 104 Generals Soult and Massena ware also defeated, and the tally for the Austrian soldier in these affairs raised his hopes. However. Napoleon, having settled ths political situation after bis return from Egypt, turned, bis attention to Italian con ditions. June 14. 1180, after a surpris ing march across the Alps, be defeated the Austrian army In ths famous bat tle of Marengo, regaining for France all Italian territory lost during two years of piecemeal losses. And Na poleon's army was but little more than ' half that of Austria. General Moreau Inflicted another crushing defeat on the Austrian soldier at Hohanllnden. De cember . MOO. On October 31, 1201. the Austrian sol- 11 dier was badly beaten at Ulra by Na poleon In a series of engagements that led to the surrender of ths place with 20,000 men. Again, on December ' 2. 120S, the Austro-Russian army was cut Xo pieces at Austerlitz. one of the most famous ef famous battles, the allies losing 10,000 killed, 20,000 prisoners and ISO pieces of cannon. April 22. 1809. the Austrian soldier put up a hard tight against Napoleon at Eckrauhl. but was beaten, and again on his retreat at Ratlabon. But May 21 and 23 he came back under Archduke Charles and at Essling and Aspern caused the great Na poleon to retire. July 0, however. Bona parte having been reinforced the Aus trian fighting man went down to defeat again at the celebrated battle of Wag ram. At Leipzig, the Austrian soldier Joined with the Russian and the Prus- ConcIud4 od Pm 3- 0?"D;bwri the Swift Rogue River In A Kowboal ' " ; - v ..-- - .i rff tff"t . ; 93? a7-gVNj-CvVaw "-f'KrMr,m f, a.,- ... .-1 - , ,. T -S4 . V3- C.. i iie . . - ' 3 little mors than 20 or 35 feet across. In it would turn all the wheels and many placea Once" In this gorge, there move half the traffic of this state. as the Rogue from Grants Pass to the ascend, but a little too much for a row- la no turning back, no stopping, no The Rogue has been rightly termed boat to safely descend. The portage pausing. It Is then a oold-blooded prop- "the power of a million horses. Such. There was only one stretch of the was msda In a few hour's time, how- osltlon of getting through or going to Indeed, It Is, If ths truth were known river where oars had to be used; this over, and from hers on to the mouth of the bottom. Gunnell and his obmpan- it would probably bs several million was from Grants Pass to ths entrance Muls Creek, or "navigation" on the ions got through! rather than one. Ths river remains of Hell's Gate. . Even over this stretch lower river, the adventurers wsrs on a There are many places In this nar- but little changed from what It was there are rapids that wculd make up- stream about as little known as Mr. "row gorge where It Is as dark as night; when white man first discovered It, stream going an impossibility. Hell's Roosevelt's fabled river of South and where the sun never penetrates but It represents a power that must Gate Is about IS miles below Grants America. ' save a few filtered rays at noonday, some day make that part of Oregon fa Pass and la the White Horse Rapids of shortly after leaving the falls, ths At another plac In that region th mous as a manufacturing csnter. the Tukon multiplied by 10. Even so, river cur sties, or rather bolls Into a river mskes a long horseshoe detour. Below the mouth of ths Illinois River about and coming back to the Rogu grows mors quiet. Tiiat part of It Is navigable to fishing boats. ing for ths trip a fishing boat, flat bottomed and of - very staunch build. type, believe most heartily In red- This tvno of boat was needed to carry lt proved very tame as compared with -accession of narrow, deen and tertu- circling blooded sport, and In running the rap- the load, and to withstand the hard "pld:a and cataracts struck lower down ou, .Uts that form ths passage-way within a few hundred yards of Its orlg S3i' Can LSOT7. w-- Ids. cataracts and breakers of this mad pounding of the rapids and rocka Mr. " "" . ". for the Rogue across the Coast Moun- courao. rauui n a rmju.u jauncnea ana ugni araxt sieamo. river, he found something that met this Gunnell declares that the Rogue is no typical of all lower Rogue River with tains. The walls ars tn many places tag down a mountain. Reaching this part, the adventurers BY DENNIS H. STOVALL. desire In every particular. , place to attempt a run on a Peter-boat sheer walla of stone, narrow, crooked 2000 feet high. And the river. In An Impenetrable rock barrier hurls sought aid of power craft, as rowing TO go down the raging Rogue River With him. on the trip, went a com- or a light canoe. Also, be would advise nd swift. places, is' so narrow that ths boat ths mad waters aslds. ana prevents ths was no part of thslr trip. They bad from Grants Pass to ths sea in a panlon another fellow who wanted Ino one to attempt the run unless ac- The only portage was round Reuben would hardly have run through had lt river from cutting through on tho passed through "Hell's Gate" and The little more than 13 hours' "run- sport of the real kind and a third companied by a guide who actually Falls, below Galice, and at a point got crossed broadsids. In fact, to have shorter course. Unlimited power is Devil's Stairs" and so were satisnea. nlng time" was the recent swift and man. , a balf-breed who knows tho knows the river. Aid In this regard, where ths Rogue cuts a shoulder off got crossed In ths "Devil's Stairs." as represented by the Rogue on this wild They are sorry for one taUig on ly: remsrkable feat of Alva Gunnell. a Rogue perfectly and who acted as gulds lt should be added, that there are few Mount Reuben. This fall Is bstween 13 tho lower gorge Is known, would moan courss of SO or 70 miles. Could this They couldn't go back ths way they mining engineer of tho Southern Ore- and general director of tho expedition, rivers In Oregon, and very few In and 14 feet high a sort of succession Instant disaster. For tho whole river power be harnessed and no doubt came. And It took a week to get back Bj-n olty. Mr. Gunnell, like men of his Tho trio outfitted at Grants Pass, tak- all America, that are as little known of falls, not too much for salmon to is confined to a passage that la but much of lt will b at some future time by horse, wagon and stage. f