The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current, December 21, 1913, SECTION FOUR, Image 50

The Sunday Oregonian., December 21, 1913, SECTION FOUR, Page 6, Image 50

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Newspaper Page TextTTTE SUNDAY OR EGO XI AX, PORTLAyD, DECEMBER 21. 1913. CUR WINS ON FARM OREGON KQTOBISTS NOW ON HOTJTE OF OLD SANTA FE TRAIL. ROAD TEST 'UNIQUE ROUGH AUTO TRIP TOLO BY WOMAN ONLY WOMAN GOOD ROADS BUILDER IN WORLD l ARKANSAS KESlDJiNT it -. . Horse and Motor Compared for Tractive Powers. New York Holds Remarkable ' ' Reliability Run. c- -'---W-r " - -it Mrs. W. R. Logus Has Decided Part in Return From Jour-r ney Through East. UTILITY MOTOR IS SEEN ALL PARTS ARE SCANNED Automobile Conceded to Have Kcst of Argument, However Consid ered, as Decreased Value of Equines Shows. Hoick Models -Make Good Showing In Contest Involving Almost Every 1'caturc of Anlouiobile Except Wind -Shield and Tops. s DESERT EXPERIENCES HARD :3 ; .-. . -- " - - '' .. .... ."H.-t i. - - -v - 4 - - J? V .-. .;.;- Husband Often Ile-lirved at Wheel and AsMstauce Glvea In Pulling Machine lYoni Holes and in Fording Streams. 1-art XI of the account of the double dasoootlnni-.l trip taken Or Mr ,'ius. of Oron City. In this P" Locus ukn up the story. Auto Editors BY MRS. W. K. LOGCS. Tor weeks my husband has been pre vailing upon me to write at leat one article for The Oregonlan of our double transcontinental trip, so reluctantly do 1 take the pen to describe a few hun dred miles of our tour west of Raton. My iinwillingnessness may be ascribed to timidity In attempting a newspaper ftory. While the tour was being discussed mil actual plans carried out I made up .rv mind that I would not be a mere ltstenger. but would do all that a mun could In making the trip a suc- Hardly a day passed that I did wi relieve my husband at the wheel. allow-In him to relax his muscles and enjoy his jimmy-pipe, and not a few' times did he actually slumber, which 1 considered a great compliment, as It showed his confidence In my driving. Of course. 1 was the commissariat of the expedition, purchasing all supplies and attending .to their preparation; kept the diary, book of expenditures, read the maps and road data to him as we sped along, besides being advisory mechanic and utility derrick In extract ing the car from difficult places, to say nothing of assisting at the power end of the block and tackle. Aula roiuilB Found. Leaving italon, X. M.. at 10 A. M, wo lay our route for I -as Vegas, a dis tance of 120.3 miles, and for the first 13 miles crossed and recrossed the Santa K railroad at frequent Intervals over a good natural prairie road, which led through ranch after ranch. W.iere the fences divided these ranches special crossings had been built for autolsts. which saved one the trouble of opening and closing gates, consisting of runways or troughs ten Inches in width right over the fence. As far as the eye could reach there was nothing but beautiful prairie, with high waving grass, upon which cattle by hundreds fattened themselves for market. Some ten miles to the right and far in advance were ranges oT low lying blue mountains and to the left .Maxwell's historical ranch. While crossing a deep arroyo we found a man In trouble. In attempting to pull out with a heavy load he had broken the double-tree on his wagon. After repeated efforts to fix him up It finally was agreed tPiat we should drive to his ranch, 15 miles out of our way, for assistance, which we did after get ting lost several tlmeB. this section of the road being extremely rough and making slow-going necessary. Mealeaa Village Reached. Toward late afternoon we reached Springer, a typical Mexican village, where were found adobe houses, mus tang ponies, the cowboy of the great Southwest that one sees In moving pic tures and some half dozen real Mex ican senorltas. Our larder replenished, we slowly followed a poor road Into Colmor Station, and thence to Nolan, where the road Improves. Rain had been threatening all day, but so far we have escaped it. As I glanced back, though. 1 could see the storm coming, and urging my husband to greater speed, we began a race with the oncoming storm. Lightning cracked all around us, and every second we were In danger of being struck.but the lit tle motor hummed bravely on, and we won, establishing camp at the foot of Wagon Mound, a small rocky mountain some 400 feet In height, where some 50 years previous a brave company of ;loneers had been encompassed by In dians and starved to death. River I FnrdrA' Just before reaching Watrous' ranch it was necessary to ford Mora Hiver, which had become swollen by the rains. With some misgiving, we put on all power, drove In and, luckily, made it without stalling. Passing through Kroenlg, Onava and Arriba, we finally reached Las Vegas, where gas was purchased. Then up, up. up, over some of the poorest roads of the entire trip, passing through many quaint Mexican villages, where the church Is the principal edifice, and the padre ruling all. After reaching an elevation of 800 feet we camped for the night near the Santa Fe tracks. Save for an occasional passing train, this wss one of the lonesomest camps of the trip. Surely here we were at the top o' the world, with no habita tion within SO miles. Engineers on the railroad had become quite well ac quainted with us by this time, and, see ing our little camp, would say. "Hello, good luck," by short blasts of the whis tle, with a waving of caps from the train crew. The road from here led along the backbone of the Glorteta Mountains, rocky and rough and necessitating care ful driving, until we reached the vil lage of San Jose. Houses, store and church are all built of adobe bricks, manufactured from mud and straw. None of these people spoke our lan guage, but with the aid of a few Mex ican words taught me by Mr. Logus I managed to obtain some supplies and water; in- fact, the little Mexican we knew stood us in good stead on many occasions. Mlaatoa Rmias Viewed. Following the Santa Fe and the can yon of the Pecos Klver. we soon reached the ruins of the old Pecos Mission, said to be more than SOU years old. Of this we took pictures and explored to our hearts' content, and thence on through the Apache Canyon, over sandy, heavy roads Into Santa Fe, one of the oldest cities in the United States, with Its narrow streets, for the most part prob ably 20 feet wide, boasting the oldest church In our country, and houses for the most part of adobe construction. Lunch, and we are off for Albuquerque, for 30 miles over an excellent highway, which ends at the edge of a high lava cHX. from the brink of which a most magnificent view of the mesa for 10 mries greets the eye. Down the steep sides of the cliff lay the route, over a convlct-bullt road, zigzagging back and forth, a most wonderful nit of en gineering. If the brakes failed a man i. ere he might as well say good by for good nd all, for some of the turns are so abrupt that backing Is necessary to make them. We are now in the Bad Lands of New Mexico. All streams must be ford ed, and to make fording more difficult, deep, clinging sand Is their only foun dation. Albuquerque we reached at 7:30 P. M.. thoroughly tired out and grateful to find a suitable hotel, after having trav ersed some of the worst roads of the entire tour. t ! j -gtg STABILITY IS SHOVy George E. Daniels Discusses Auto Conditions. STEADY PROGRESS MARKED K. K. Gcrllnjr, Vice-President of GrrliriBer Company, Receives Copy of Interview Given Ont hy OhUI:uk1 Vlcc-I'resldent. .-. . . .it.. n.A.M.nl nf the Gerllnger Motor Car Company, which handles the Oakland car for Oregon, received yesterday from the Oakland company an interview which its vice president. George E. Daniels, gave out to the Pontlac Press-Gazette, showing tbe stability or tne company m""--i ..in tr the automobile ln- UttO UU dustry and situation as It exists today. Mr. Daniels said: - When one analyses automobile conditions on finds that the present status Is not a .i - . 1 .- AnmnA but a COH- Oltlon that exists amonit a number of com panies. It has been said for some time that It would be a question of survival ot the fittest and we are Just beginning; to realise that this Is actually so and It 1 the weaker companies that are suspending business. One will find upon Investigation that there are good reasons why some of them have been unsuccessful. There are three vital essentials necessary to enable a manufacturer to market a mo tor car successfully. .First of all. the car must be meritorious; secondly, the material must b purchased at a price consistent with ouelltr and quantity: and lastly. It is absolutely necessary to have a distribution plan extensive enough to market the prod uct after It Is made. It Is one. two or all of these thlncs that the weak companies lacked. With one or two of the others it A i. ...LI mlimaniie nas oeen a iu" v. - ment. which was of tho brainstorm variety,. . . .li. ...... T An .nl h.v. a n V BY III - ana tor mis v - pathy at all. ' Gain In Business Shown. In (toln over a statement of our busi ness for the period extending from August 1 to pecemoer 1. l01 and H"S. I find that w snow a w - We have produced more cars this esr than we did during the corresponding pe riod of last xear. I find that In actual sales, we show sn Increase oJ 2 per cent and for the month of November, one ot 34 per cent. In the matter of gross re ceipts from the sale of cars trom August 1 to November 30. 1B1J, we find they total two and one-quarter millions of dollars, which Is atM.ut hslf a million more then . i . t. - mHimI last vearT wa mnT iv. ..... i - ,,, j ,. ...... r, . i n. mi n e healths I Ton mm iiiiii'i ' " ' V, . mrresse. There are employed today in our ' i . n . i. , .-.I manv men as last year but that Is hecausc we ran much heavier during the Sunimer months Have a good rupoly of orders for Immediate shipment. We are selling on an average 24 cars each working day. neeeraber Quiet Season. It Is 'true that we are approaching De cember. This Is the quietest month of the year, but there Is a reason for It. With the holiday season coming on. the people are centering their attention on Christmas and New years and there Is a certain class that cannot be interested at all this month, their minds being occupied with other things. However. I find that npon looking up our records, our llecsmber business U the best x.r have ever had. With the coming of the new v-sr we ex pect to g-est:v Increase our production, and by the first of February the factory wti: be running heavier than last year. We are aow manufacturing, in quantities, our Ughl-SIs- From the sdvance sales we are confident this model will prove to be the movt popular Light-Six en the market. -. . r AlA a hus!nesa of I nis comw"- ' ' j- - over f Irt.urt".!'1 and expects not onl to equal this amount this year, but to better It considereoly. Ha Kinds Washington Prosperous. "Handsome" Harry C. Hays, road man for the Howard Automobile Company CS "j&yt&f V - :.. . t ' . r is.- S, oo'esC. In the distribution of Buick cars throughout the Northwest, returned . 1. : .. fwnm a t a- n v.flkR' t T i D through Central and Western Wash ington. He reports Dotn tneso e- tions of the Hate of Washington as 1 : ..llv npnanATnila ft n H Wtl UC11IS, uiiuauaiij j . . - , particularly Impressed with the activ ity shown tnrougnoui tne mum ley and in the Grays Harbor country. BRITOXS ABE OXTT fOR BLOOD. KnglUh Enthusiasts Vrgo Bnilding of 12-Cylinder Sunbeam. English racing enthusiasts are urg ing the construction of a 12-cylinder Sunbeam, similar to the one that set a new world's hour record of 107.95 miles at Brooklands not long ago, to com pete in the next BOO-mlie race at In dianapolis. Jean Chassagne, who han dled the original during Its transcen dent flight, is named as driver. The Britons desire to avenge the de feat of Guyot In a Sunbeam last year at the hands of Goux. The wiping out of the latter'a record of. 106 miles In an hour at Brooklands recently they con sider a long step In the right direction. A l!-cyllnder car having accomplished that feat, they are prepared to pin their faith on machines of this type in the future. With proper preparation they are confident of winning. Last year- the English, like the French, came over comparatively In the .dark. Their gear ratios were all awry, and several other things were lacking. At the last moment the factory had to be cabled for information on several Important points. Next year, witheon ditlons known, a different result is looked for. France will have no walk over. - ATLANTA GETS COXYENTIOX American Highway Association Will Meet In Georgia. As a result of the contest among ten ot the leading cities of the United States for the 1914 convention of the American Road Congress, under which title the American Highway Association and the American Automobile Asso ciation hold their annual conventions. Atlanta, Go., has been selected as the next convention city. The convention will be held from October 19 to Oc tober 26. Fairfax Harrison, who succeeded the late W. W. Flnley, as president of the Southern Railway Company, was elect ed at the meeting to succeed Mr. Fln ley as vice-president of the American Highway Association and as a member of the executive committee. Mr. Har rison accepted theosltion and declared that he Intended to carry on the work for Improving highways in the South i through the association, as his prede cessor had done. It is likely that tne executive committee will elect Mr. Har rison chairman of that body. BOCK AGEXT OX WAY EAST Coos and Curry County Man Passes Day In Portlapd. Isaac R. Tower, Buick agent for Coos and Curry Counties. Oregon, with headquarters in Marshfleld, passed Tuesday of this -eek in Portland, while on his way East for a six weeks' visit. He will visit relatives through out the East, and will go as far as Boston, Mass. Upon his return trip he will stop over at tbe Buick factory to pay his first visit of inspection to this famous manufacturing plant. Tower is enthusiastic over the 1914 line of Buicks. and Is congratulating himself that through his ability to get early deliveries he already has sold and delivered six of the 1914 Buicks in his territory. He reports that the pros- 1 pecta for Spring business were never more encouraging, ana expressea tne belief that he would be able to make deliveries of 20 cars witt the opening of Spring. An unique reliability run brought to a close at New York, on December , provided one of the most remarkable teats In many ways ever held In this country, for not only ' were the cars penalized for lateness at controls and for chassis trouble, but also' for de fective equipment and work done on tho road. This Is the first time that cars entered in a reliability run have been -penalised for tbe electric starting and lighting defects, also the first time that blowouts have been taken into ac count In making up the score for a technical test of this nature. Besides these, other subjects of pe nalisation were speedometers, horns, springs, tire racks, baggage racks, shock absorbers, gas tanks, and In fact every bolt, nut and screw in the car, excepting tops, windshields and tire carriers. Technical Examination Rigid. . The day before starting the 600-mile Journey the 11 entries were subjected to a rigid technical examination by engineers, and all noticeable defects recorded. At the close of the three days' run the ears were again subject ed to the engineer's examination, and the results compared, the differences between them being made the basis for penalization for technical defects. Another feature of the contest was that at the close of the run each car was given a brake test and was re quired to stop on either set of brakes within a distance of 50 , feet, at the speed they were required to average In the contest, according to their piston displacement. On the clutch test the cars were brought up with the two front tires against a six-inch curb, the" low gear was engaged and the -motor speeded and the car required to spin thte wheels, stall the motor or climb the curb. There were no failures in this respect. On the gear set test the cars were required to show perfect performance on each speed forward and reverse. Electric Testa Made. Also. Every one of the 11 entries carried electric lights and all but two had electric starters. Each entry was com pelled to carry a full lampload for three hours each day. The electrical division of the tech nical committee made a most searching Investigation of the ignition, lighting and starting systems. The total mileage covered was 615 miles, of which 174 9-10 was made the first day, 178 3-10 the second and 16 8-10 the third. - The entry list, though small, carried many representative cars. There were five Buick entries, a 25-horscpower four-cylinder --roadster, two 25-horse-power four-cylmder touring cars, a 35 horsepower four-cylinder roadster and a six-cylinder touring car. Among the other six-cylinder entries were the Chandler, the Oakland, the Oldsmoblle and the Hudson. Buick Average High. The De Dion was tbe sole repre sentative In the eight-cylinder class and the National the only other rep resentative than the Buick In the four cylinder class. In declaring the results of the race, one of the four-cylinder Buick touring cars and the Buick six-cylinder tour ing car tied for first place with perfect scores. The Chandler was placed third with the penalty of 1 point, while the other four-cylinder Buick touring car finished fourth. Of great interest is the gasoline con sumption on the run. The average of the entire run for all the cars was 12 73-100 miles per gallon, and the highest average for any car obtained! in any run was the four-cylinder Buick roadster, whifh averaged 19 miles to the gallon. AUTOMOBILE CONTEST KEEPS DEALERS IN BUSTLE. Prises of 91000 Offered for Ooreet Lists of 12 Cars With Kame of One Live Prospect. "It's a good job this is what some people call the quiet season, that's all I can say." said C. H. King yesterday, botween talking to half a dossen peo ple in connection with the contest in augurated at the Keats Automobile Company offices, where the Chalmers Master Six Is on display. About a week ago Mr. Keats and Mr. King, his sales manager, started the competition whereby (1000 Is given away for what really amounts to a lit tie automobile education. Between them they drew up a list of cars showing the features that the Chalmers pos sessed as the line to go by, then left the names of the other 12 cars bianK, showing where these ears possessed the characteristics and where they did not. All that is necessary for any one is to fill in correctly the names of the cars and give a genuine prospect's name to the company and he wins tbe prize. "Anyone thinking of buying an auto mobile who could not in an hour or so fill in at least half ot the machines must be sadly in Ignorance of the ele mentary principles of modern cars,' said Mr. King, "and must need greatly the education that this study affords, because no man should buy any car at all without looking into and knowing about the main features of all cars in the class in- which he is going to pur chase. - - '"This contest, is not made a hard one. We all Inow that In picture puz. sles and so forth the Illustrations might mean anything or half a dozen things. Here, though, out of all the cars we name there Is only one that Is not sold by a dealer in Portland and that car was represented here until recently. The price, the shape of the motor, the fenders, in fact everything of impor tance Is given, and any man with the catalogues before him could deduce the cars merely, like Sherlock Holmes, by a process of elimination." While Mr. King was talking there were no less than ten people came in for blanks, three of them men who did not look in the least as though they would ever be able to afford cars or to know anyone who did. Two of them were pointed out. though, as men who own their own cars today and were personally known to tne Keats Arm. All they needed was a little Informa tion and this is keeping every one busy. A lor.sr distance has been covered every day In 1813 by airmen than the combined distance of all flights la the entire year i i .V'. si-ftieV!VJVy,-'tr1i- il It MRS. JOE ASHKU. Mrs. Joe Asher. wife of County Judge Asher, of Little Rock, Ark., is the only accredited woman delegate to tit in the councils of the Na tional Good Roads Association. Mrs. Asher has gained her knowledge of roadbuilding by accompanying her husband on his rounds during the past six years, and is now considered an expert on roa jbullding. She attends all county and state good roads meetings and is permitted to take part in the discussions. She has been appointed a delegate-at-large for Arkansas by the Governor. At the good roads conven tion in 1912, Mrs. Asher, merely as a compliment, was asked to make a speech. She made so favorable an impression that she was placed on the programme for the 1913 convention at Detroit. OUTPUT IS PLEASING HOWARD M. COVEY FINDS FACTOR IES RUNMNG FULL TIME Dealer Flads Policy of Regular Trip East One That Proves Broadening to Rimaelf and Hl Customers. Howard M. Covey, head of the Covey Motor Car Company, distributors for r..jm... ir, the state, returned re cently trom one of his numerous trips East; well pleased wnn cuuuh the factory, where the output has ex ceeded those of all preceding Novem bers in the history of tne Cadillac con cern. ........ j.-,.-. t Mr. Covey Is one oi tnooe rit. . : , :, j .i the value tne locai neiu .-c . of taking periodical journeys back not i i faorAPv hut also to only io "i v v - - - otners, ior iie 1 ca'"-w , ' course, the expense is no small item . Aneitr1atAr1 Vnn nP.L vet it is not to du uuHaiut.vu against the value of the noa"n that Is to be learned and of the safe guarding of his own interests, and more especially those of his customers in the West. . , i , . . nno running Tlie uaaiiiac i n i . ...... full time." he said. "In an effort to sup ply the demano tor mo its two-speed axle, which has met with such instantaneous success and re ceived the indorsement of engineers all over the world. It seems to have proved definitely that however much the 61x may be in demand among certain classes, there Is a still greater demand than there was before for a four-cylin-0"r car of the class of the Cadillaa There were men who prophesied that we must get a six or lose out. Results, which, after all. are better than all theories, have proved conclusively that the four is wanted just as badly as ever- in fact, even now signs are not wanting that the stampede towards a six has already led to a turning again to the four because the publicity they have received has served to show what we always have contended that no six can be run, from gas and oil consump tion standpoint, as cheaply as a four, which is otherwise identical in con struction. "The Ford and the Hupmobile were other factories running at full time while I was there." added Mr Covey "even though this is the time of the year when production naturally is not supposed xo do bl aua ",f "Good Roads ia the North west Are Told Of Herein. From the Auarnsf Iss'oe of "The Re view ot Rview.,, The farmers and the business men as well have at last come to realize the losses they suffer from bad roads, and the magnitude of the movement to better conditions is little appreciated by those whose interests have not brought them into contact with it. The cost of bad roads has long been known in a vague way. but recent scientific investigations have brought the mat ter home In tangible form to those who suffer from them. One of the most thorough Investigations of the subject ever conducted, thesresults of which are used as a text wherever the doctrine of good roads is preached was made by the Minneapolis Civic and Commerce Association. While the con ditions investigated were those of ter ritory tributary to Minneapolis, they are undoubtedly typical, to a greater or less degree, of those existing else where. " N A committee of the association se lected for investigating the farming district. 750 square miles in area, the tradl of which is tributary to Min neapolis. From a thorough canvass of the conditions .existing there It was found that the 4069 farmers In the district hauled 560,000 tons of farm produce to market in 1911 and sold it for $6,685,680. To do thiB they had to make S05.000 trips, the time spent equaling 800 years of eight-hour days and the distance covered 88 times the - ...... nf ths world TAii rnfld Iircuii'"-- " - ,couditions caused losses In time, part 'V-' ' : . -e s v ly due to slow progress, partly to the necessity of taking less direct routes and partly because smaller loads had to be carried. Detailed investigation showed that the losses in time were as follows: Due to not taking the shortest route, $62,000; due to slower progress, $75, 000: due to extra trips necessitated by smaller loads. $159,000 a total loss of $296,000. Losses from inability to reach the best market, from the spoiling of produce, and from injury to horses and wagons were found to aggregate $221, 000: from restricted ability to haul manure, $91,000. The total loss caused by bad roads was placed at $608.728. The committee made the following deductions: On account of had roads each farmer lost for the year $1.70 for every acre that he farmed: 13 cents every time that he carried a top- of farm produce over one mile of bad roads: 9 per cent of his total crop. He paid as much for bad roads as for labor, more than for food for his stock and 25 times as much for fertilizer. The total loss to the farmers for the year In this district from this cause would have bought all the corn pro duced in it, or all the wheat or the oat crop twice over, or all but 10 per cent of the potatoes, or all barley, rye, flaxseed, timothy seed, hay and forage combined. The losses would replace the farm Implements or the cattle every three years, the horse every four years and would pay off all mortgages In the district in three years with $100, 000 to spare. The farmers, moreover, were not the only losers from bad roads. The com mittee found that the worst sections of the roads they had to travel be tween their farms and the markets were within the city limits: that there were approximately 3600 business houses in Minneapolis, employing 6000 ... n .r. u-ln, Inss from bad roads was I S910.000 for the year. The combined loss of the farmers, merchants and manufacturers for one year was $1,618,000. As there are about 8000 miles of roads in the dis trict, which could have been kept In good condition for $300,000 a year, If properly constructed, In order to ascer tain what amount could profitably be Invested in good roads, the committee deducted this amount from the total loss, leaving $1,200,000. Capitalized at per cent, or 6 per cent, which is more than bonds would cost, the prin cipal is $22,000,000. If this amount were invested in good highways at 7000 a mile, the district would still break even on the Investment. EARL COOPER ALMOST WELL Road Race Driver. Not Permanently DisaTjled by Accident. Earl Cooper, "without a peer as a road-race driver for the' season of 1918," is well on the way to recovery from the injuries received in San Jose, Cal., Saturday, November 24. A cut in the face and two broken bones in his hand are the extent of his injuries, and his skill at the wheel will be in no way Impaired. One of the most prominent of the motor trade journals in America hails Cooper as the greatest of the road racing stars of the season, and cites his record of five firsts and one second in six starts as the reason for award ing the laurels. Throughout the year's campaign Cooper's car was shod with Firestone tires. The Californian's list of victories is as follows: Broke 200-mile record at Fresno, February 10; second in San Diego road race, March 1; drove relief in Indianap olis races, Decoration Day; won Gold en Potlatch at Tacoma, July-5; Monta mara Festo races at Tacoma. July 7: Santa Monica road races, August 9; first in Corona 450 class, September 9: first in Corona free-for-all, September 9: first In 100 free-for-all at Bakers field. September 28. and first in both 15 and 25-mile races at Fresno, Octo ber 4. Michigan Cyclists Organize. . Motorcyclists of Michigan are organ izing a state Federation of American Motorcyclists. A. R. Ketcham, of Ann Arbor, has been appointed as state commissioner and he expects to get the different clubs lined up In time to have a state convention next June. Members of the Bay City Motorcycle Club are working to have the conven tion held in their city. BY DENNIS H. 8TOVALI.. PHILOMATH, Or., Dec. 20. (Spe cial.) Both" in figures and facts the motorcar has the best of it in the matter of pulling power for work on . the farm. The writer Is a graduate of the State Agricultural College, whero economy and practice are niaao prlmo features Mi every method taught. This ha.s naturally led to an attempt at economy and practice on the farm. And this, in turn, tnrough the employment of a motorcar, has led to the con clusion that one good automobile is worth a number of horses If properly used. In college we were taught that the tractive power of the horse must diminish as his speed Increases: like wise does his Wklng ability decrease. With the motorcar, speed increases rather than diminishes its workiti? ability, when normal conditions exist. Three" things .cause the horse to .lose his working force: these are speed or length of time employed; bad roads, due to mud, deep ruts, stones and sand, and steep roads. Only two of these affect the motorcar, and these are bad roads and steep roads; for, tip io a certain, limit, speed makes no differ ence with the machine, and as long as it is supplied with fuel and oil, it may be employed for an indefinite period it does not have to "stop fo wind," or for rest. We were taught further and many of us have since learned by actual practice, that the average draft horse, traveling one mile per hour, has a pulling power of 250 pounds, for such time and distance, provided the road is good and practically level. This pull- . ing power does not mean load carried, but foot-pounds or tugging strain exerted on the load. Under the same conditions, but traveling, two mtler per hour, the horse will draw bu'. 12a pounds; traveling three miles per hour he v. Ill draw but 83 pounds, and at four miles per hour only 62 pounds. Such calculations are made on the basis of ten hours steady work. If the horse works for a smaller number of hours, his traction may increase as the hours diminish, down to a certain point, this being to about five hours per day. Attempt to increase his speed above four miles per hour, and the horse, so far as draft purposes are con cerned, is of but little service. Tractive Power 250 Pounds. So under the most favorable condi tions, .and for the shortest time, the tractive power of the horse is not over 250 pounds. The motor-truck, or even i a staunch touring car, low geared, will n.v mnr in the matter ot tractive ability; moreover, the horse can do his Dest worn, umj within the limits of five to eight hours, while the motorcar knows no working limit it works just as faithfully. Just as strongly at the end of 10 hours, or at the end of 50. as it did at the close of the first.. . , , As aforesaid, bad roads diminish the working power of the horse and of the mMorcar, placing them both at a dis advantage, but steep roads, with a hard, smooth surface, may be negotiated by a motorcar under full load, when a horse would be completely stalled. This is best shown- by comparison On a, level road a horse will draw a load including the weight ot the wagon, of one ton. Let him begin an ascent of 4 per cent, and he at once must ineas his tractive force or tugging ( "tram from 60 to 158 pounds, fii "addition to Jhe 67 pound, required to lift hi, own weight, or 223 pounds in all. The horse T may, for a short time, exert twice his regular tractive force without injury, but to persist in this for any length of time makes him unfit for any ""Thus it is seen, and is well known to all drivers of horses, that the latter have but scant pulling power for con tinuous service on roads that are steep. A motorcar will negotiate a g 10 20 or even 40 per cent under full load, taking all of them under 10 per cent at full speed, and those o' steeper . ringe at speeds of five to ten miles In hour. Unlike the horse, the motor car does not stop to rest Utility Machine Coming. So in both fact and figure, the motorcar has the-best of the argument when only the featU":,redP mifl strain and speed are considered, euu do?s it win when economy and practice are brought into the test. On farm the horse, if kept in fit condi- Stanntrrwheth inVervor X nrmuste ven daily .tt,tl u Tj. motorcar needs only to be sheltered riy Farmers, particularly tnosa whose farms are factories and ara managed and" operated on business principles, are beginning to worth of the motorcar as a machine Tor service. Though the writer does not claim to be a sr or a Prophet, the prediction is here offered that the time is not far ahead when the motor machine as a combination of tractor Tnd power plant, will be almost uni versally employed on the farm; that tol timer, instead of employing two w four draft teams, will have but on. swift roadster and possibly one utility or-family" horse. All hi. : harrowing, his seeding and harvesting will be done with the rnotot - And Jh xame motor will supply all needea power "or cutting silage, for chopp ng feed, for pulling stumps and clearirig Ud for sawing wood. or unrfng. for grinding tools and developing ectricity to light his home. "er ah,;eshnecsar ly crtd" the come Ev'U now. in the Willamette FTg Hritrw sa? Sir ih,renadhya!fhor fS ts cheaP but the motor will make it even cheaper. - Commissioners Are Named. President B. J. Patterson, of the Federation of American Motorcyclists has just appointed the following state commissioners for the ensuing year: W D. Gresham. Birmingham Ala.; I W Page. Moss Point. Mo.; J. D. Mil ler Atlanta, Ga.; R. L. Garrison. Mem phis, Tenn.: T. O. Wansleben. Wash fnrton. D. C: E. F. Hornie. Louisville, Kv- William Wood, Baltimore, Md., M""M. Counsel,. St. Johnsbury, t. ; Philip Kennard. Tampa, Fla.; A. R. Ketchum, Ann Arbor, Mich.; M. w. Hawkins, Honolulu. H. I.; M. D. Balrd. Minneapolis, Minn., and E. B. twell, Richmond. Va. Vfidnes. KnRland. sells gas to its con sumers at from 12 cents to 26 rents for NK-0 cubic feet. The town now wishes to sp.nd .-.0OO,cO0 enlarKir.R Its plant, as con sumption U increasing rayiiUj.