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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 9, 1908)
PORTLAND. AUGUST 9, I90S. t GOOD POINTS OP BALDWIN BALLOON Analysis by Ex'pert of Fea tures of Inventor's Latest and Best Work. IS LIKE ZEPPELIN'S NO. 4 Framing and Gas Bag Are In Simi larly Cloj-e Relation to Each Other and Two Craft Have Other Points in Common. (Carl Dienstbach. a Oerman aernautl cal engineer of reconnlxed ability, the American representative of Aeronftuliache Mitthelluniten of Berlin and foreign secre tary of the Aeronautical Congress, made the accompanying analysis of the Baldwin diri gible balloon for the Philadelphia Inquirer:) The recent flight of 12 hours, and at a epeed sufficient to show its heels to the train between Constance and Zurich in an almost dead calm, of Count Zeppelin's latest airship has aeain emphasised the value of air craft which depend for sup port on the buoyancy ot nyarojren anu employ mechanical power, and plenty of it at that, only for propulsion. It is now hardly any longer disputed that America has gained a substantial load In first perfecting: the lower sup ported aeroplane, with its wonderful Fpced possibilities, which were only ccntly so brilliantly vindicated by . an otherwise still Imperfect apparatus, the Bleriat machine, with its record flight of more than HfO meters at a speed of M kilometers an hour, and. by the way at an elevation of nearly 100 feet above the sround. But It seems much less known that in the same field where European Inventors have so far achieved their greatest sue cets there has also been a display of American ingenuity, and results have been attained which need so little fear the comparison with those abroad that the United States Signal Corps, when ready to add a motor propelled gas bag to Its equipment, did not need to imitate in any way European designs, but could fall back on the developments of a dis tinctly American type. The history of the case might be traced to the race between mechanically pro pelled air craft which followed the in ternational aeronautic cup race for drift ing balloon at St. Louis last October. The participation of the military element was a prominent feature at both of these events, and the writer was especially Impressed by the unmistakable display of enthusiaasm on the part of many army officers, especially at the second occa sion mentioned. However, another experience of his is very significant in throwing lteht on the real Importance of the air motor race. A German officer, who accompanied the German aeronautic team and who had before not only held an important com mission in the Empire's aeronautic serv ice but also had been in the closest of touch with the development of the powerful airships both of France and Germany, became bo deeply Impressed with the performance of these small American craft that he spoke of them as "his most enjoyable aeronautic experience in this country." He was surprised at their unexpected epeed and their maneu vering capacity. To the scientific observer the fact to become first apparent seemed that all of the' ship in the St. Louis race be-lrjna-ed to the same type. At the first glance they seemed, indeed, to resem ble the craft with which Santos-Du-mont had many years ago first demon strated the possibilities of "air motor ing" to the public at large. On closer Inspection, however, important and in genious differences were discovered which led materially to the quest after the origin of this distinctly Amer ican species. It would then be found that all of these balloons were imita tions of one certain type of airship, which made its first appearance as the only successful competitor for the aero nautical prizes that had been offered by the World's Fair at St. Louis. It made there many flights under good control, and was called by its designer. Captalai Thomas S. Baldwin, a professional aero naut of large fame, the California Ar row. Though provided with a motor of quite moderate power it seemed to obey the will of its pilot to perfection. Kigidlty of Structure. As a matter of fact, it really repre sented a great progress over Santos Dutnont's design, at that time consid ered the best. The gas bag was stouter and shorter and the frame larger. The gas bag was enclosed in a very fine net ting and the propeller placed In front. There was no basket for the operator, who Instead rode astride on the bare frame. The most notable difference was, however, placing the long frame very close to the gas bag. It takes all the science of present day aerial engi neering to explain why these various features were Indeed a source of per fection, and on the Inventor's part they prove, therefore, a wonderful practical Insight. A wonderful rigidity of the whole structure was thus attained. It could almost "stand on Its head" with out any harm, while with Santos-Du-mont's slight deviation from the hori xontal caused several times an accident. The design, contrary to Its sturdy ap pearance, was really rather favorable to speed. The modem remedy against that pitch ing which always prevents increasing the speed over certain limits was not yet known In those days, and therefore the seeming advantage of Santos-Dumont's slender pointed bag was lllusionary, be cause In flight it would cut through the air. Instead of with the sharp point. Just as often more or less with the whole elongated broad side. With Baldwin there was not so much difference in cross sec tion between the bags horizontal and lt inclined position, but principally he had means to counteract the pitching by changing Its position in the frame. The shortness of the bag would even make a slight shifting instantly efficacious. Steering up and down could, of course, be done In the same manner. Baldwin and his first pupil. Roy Knabenshue. whom he let operate his first ship, an aeronaut of light weight, acquired great skill in this steering and balancing. The rudder was worked by means of tiller ropes, and could thus be operated from any position on the frame. Government Awards Contract. Baldwin's airship was in turn imitated by h'.s several pupils when they left him to give exhibitions on their own hook. Gradually there was stronger motive power employed. The imitators finished by adding horizontal stabilizing surfaces adapted from the European designs which had In the meantime been perfected by scientists. These surfaces proved espe cially efficient in Baldwin's type, due to its own Inherent stability. Baldwin him self disdained to employ them, confiding in his skill. Though at St. Louis Lincoln Beachy, his own pupil, won the race, favored by his light weight, which per mitted him to use the same motive power on a smaller and less "draggy" balloon, the merits of the winning craft were eventually traced back to its originator, who was officially recognized when the men at the head of the Signal Corps of the United States Army awarded a con tract for the first American Government airship to Captain Thomas L. Baldwin. No easy task indeed was imposed by the conditions, any more than in the rase of the aeroplane contracts. A speed minimum required of 20 miles an hour for a balloon Just large enough to lift two men. for constructors on the European scale there were not funds enough, although the two most desir able qualities in an airship speed and endurance are principally a function of Ize. would tax the resources of the most skillful inventor Baldwin, who had not bcfi satisfied during the five years follow lng the first practical ap plication of his design for exhibition purposes unless each succeeding season found him with a new and better equip ment, wns equal to this occasion as well. He planned improvements which would not change any of the essential features, but which would eventually result in Increased speed and also em body ail the achievements of modern Eu ropean aeronautic science in his Amer ican design. Looks Like Zeppelin's. "Tils new ship reminds the expert strongly of the Zeppelin model. Fram ing and gas bag are almost in equally close relation to each other. With a length cf 9 feet for the latter, the former extends over 84 feet, and the two are separated by only four feet distance, bringing the load . almost fully as much up .to the center of sup port as Ztppelm's cars, an excellent stabilizing feature. The shape of the bap resembles that of Zeppelin's hull. There is the same long cylindrical part with two pointed ends. The diameter of that cylinder Is, indeed, 19 feet In front and two feet less In the rear, re sembling French designs in this fea ture, which, according to the careful measurements of Professor Zahn in Washington, favors speedV though it Is also more difficult to stabilize. Baldwin seems, however, to have Just struck a happy medium.. There is a tine strong netting, which not only in creases the rigidity of the whole struc ture wonderfully, making almost one piece of gas bag and frame, but also increases the ship's range of action. The latter depends, as Is well known, on the capacity of the balloonette. a "balloon within a balloon," that makes up for gas losses by being extended with air and thus preserves the much needed stiffness of the balloon. Baldwin's arrangement ot netting will to some extent perform the same service automatically. It causes the sides of the bag simply to flatten out with gas losses, decreasing the capacity of the space within and preventing flabbines. In his former ships Bald win could thus dispense with the bal loon net altogether; the one added in the Government design will then be come twice as efficient. The one dis advantage of a net has been greatly eliminated by making its meshes only four Inches wide and using a very fine, strong thread. A Slender Hull. A ratio of length to greatest diam eter of 96 to 19 gives a much mure slender hull than any Baldwin ever constructed before. The speed require ments necessitated that change, which in turn called for an extensive applica tion of scientific stabilizing devices. Consequently the vertical rudder In the rear has been provided with large hori zontal steadying surfaces, equaling it in size (50 or 58 square feet). As In Zeppelin's ship, a few comparatively small stabilizing planes were found to be fully sufficient. In Baldwin's new craft, with Its equally high center of gravity there will be no difficulty whatever In preventing that pitching motion which requires a large extent of pendulum swing, caused by a low center of gravity and of propelling effort. In the framing the triangular con struction of the Santos-Dumont was dropped in favor of a quadrangular, well-braced design of the modern giant. Vllle de Rus. which has proved more commodious and equally strong and light. Baldwin's is Indeed a sin gularly graceful construction. It car ries two stands as cars for two aero nauts one for the engineer, directly behind the motor, the other far enough back to Just equalize the load, as longi tudinal trimming by moving along the frame became thus restricted, the ver tical steering Is now principally done by two separate sets of superposed horizontal rudders disposed fore and aft. exactly as in the Zeppelin craft. In accordance with the general merle of the design, these rudders may be expected to be quite as instantly effi cient. A specially good polr.t sems the po sition of the motor, well ahead, direct ly below the maximum support, doing away with extended shafting and mak ing the action of the propeller very positive. The latter will be made of laminated wood, two bladed, and have a diameter of nine feet with the same pitch. The former will be coverd with cloth to facilitate propulsion. Steadying Surfaces. Besides the horizontal steadying sur faces there also will be a fixed vertical plane right in front of the rudder, which is. in fact, hinged to it. It is expected to Increase the iatter's efficiency, as it will form an "air pocket" if the rudder be set at a steeper angle. The neces sary equipment with maneuvering and safety valves the latter for both gas and air, in order to have the air of the balloonette blow off first in place of losing gao has been arranged in the most practical way. The ventilator feeding the balloonette is worked by hand, certainly the most re liable way, which suffices that size, and for which one of the men is always avail able. The balloonette Is disposed in the cen ter, where there is not" much load, nicely equalizing the lifting effort. The gas bag has a capacity of 18,600 cubic feet and a lift of 1160 pounds. The motor was developed from the standard Curtlss type, which, originally designated for motor cycles, has been extensively applied to airship propulsion. It has four cylinders. 4x3s. and will give more than 30 horse power at 1300 revolutions per minute. However, it was found that the regular air cooling device does not allow it to develop its maximum, and as high power is the principal requirement of the case, new cylinders of the same bore and stroke, with water Jackets of copper sheeting, are Just being substituted for those first employed. A remarkable novelty Is the material of the bag. All European dirigibles are made of the same layer of fabric with a sheet of rubber between, furnished by a factory in Hanover. German-, which was supposed to be the only one having fully mastered the technical difficulties in volved. Captain Baldwin, impressed by the materials, undeniably perfect, be came associated with the principal manu facturers of rubber goods in this coun try, and under his supervision thsre was finally a balloon fabric produced which seems even to surpass the Imported one. Not only the dirigible, but also the spher ical Army balloons are In the future to be made of It. It will thus be seen that America did not need to copy foreign designs for Its first Government dirigible, and that the design accepted, while distinctly Ameri can, will, for its size, not be- any inferior to the best ones abroad. IF YOU WANT TO KNOW WHAT SMARTLY DRESSED MEN WILL WEAR .THIS SEASON, ASK BEN SELLING .BEN SELLI ADVANCE STYLES COLLEGE CLOTHES We have received and placed on display a complete line of COLLEGE STYLE CLOTHES for young men very different from those heretofore shown. Take advantage of early choosing. On exhibition SECOND FLOOR take elevator Price $15 to $35 NG Leading Clothier MINDOFH NDOOS FULL OF REVOLT Recent Wars Destroy That White Race Invincible. : Belief Is SEDITION RIFE IN INDIA Native Newspapers Call for Blood of Englishmen and Appeal to People to Sacrifice Lives for Motherland. SUMMER J3RESSES half price at Le Palais Royal, 375 Wash ington street. Out of 5S7.7TT pron who left the fnltert Kingdom In 10O7. 338.612 went to the I'nited Stals and to British possessions. CALCUTTA. July 25. (Special.) Various causes have been assigned for the present agitation In Bengal and other parts of India. The Boer war no doubt taught the Indians that Great Britain was not so invincible as they had Imagined, and the defeat of a great European power like Russia by a smaller Asiatic one like Japan fur nished perhaps a still more striking object lesson in the same direction. But the effeminate m Bengali and the astute Poona Brahman would never have dared to flout the governing race as they have done were It not for the Impunity which for many years past has waited on and encouraged covert and even open sedition. There has been no peace in Bengal since Sir Bamfyl3 Fuller felt obliged to resign his Lieutenant-Governorship for want of support from higher au thority. English sympathizers with the latter In and out of Parliament at tribute all that has occurred to Lord Curzon's tyrannical partition of Ben gal, while others venture to think that, had Lord Curxon remained to give ef fect to this measure for a year or two with the support of a Unionist .government, the difficulties would never have arisen. The sacrince or a Lieutenant-Governor, with the advent to power of a government pledged to reward agitation in the Transvaal and Ireland, naturally stimulated the 'ex tremists of the Indian congress party. Fortunately, Mr. Morley soon stiffened his back against these gentlemen, but the mischief had begun. Honeycombed With Revolt. The whole country, with the excep tion of Rajputana and one or two other parts, is now more or less honey combed with disaffection towards Brit ish rule, and the government knows It. There have been riots in Tlnnevelly and some other places, but secret agi tation is rife everywhere. . When Lord Ripon repealed Lord Lytton's vernacu lar press act and encouraged Indian deputations to agitate for the attain ment of their aspirations, he laid the foundation of the Indian congress and opened a door to any editor who chose to spout sedition for the purpose of blackmail or In order to have his mouth stopped by government employment. The alumni of the schools and colleges, who wield for the most part the power of the press in India, are under no Illusions. They asperse the character of the rule to which they owe their education either because they are paid, or find it pays them, to do so. They would much rather have a regular sal ary In government employ which, they have not been slow to note, sometimes comes to those who make themselves disagreeable to the ruling powers. The example of the West, where a candid friend or able opponent has often a better chance of office than one of the trusty rank and file, is ever before them. Urged to Harden Hearts. Finally, the Legislature Council passed the explosives and newspaper acts and some salutary results have already fol lowed. At the meeting of the Council Sir Harvey Adamson quoted the following passage from the official translation of an article In the "Yugantar." which ap peared a few days after the attempt on an officer's life In Muzaffarpur resulted In the death of two ladies. An independent-spirited youth arrested in connec tion with the incident is reported to have said: "The work of the revolutionists, though progressing slowly, was very sat isfactory, but two innocent women hav ing met with violent death, all their at tempts have been foiled by a curse of God." Proceeding, the "yugantar" said: "If any youth aspiring to freedom has really said so. then he has not yet be come fit to obtain freedom. Hard-heart-edness is necessary to trample the enemy under foot. When, during the 'Treta Tugu' the Rakshasas were perpetrating frightful oppression In the Dandaska for est. Rama extirpated the whole race of the Rakshasas. Laksman Thakur cut off the nose, and ears of Surpanakha. the beautiful sister of Ravana, and then let her go. It is not necessary to give il lustrations. If in the attempt to destroy the enemy a woman is accidentally killed. then God can have no cause of displeas ure. Like the English, many a female demon must be killed in the course of time in order to extirpate the race of Asuras from the breast of the earth. There is no sin in this, no mercy, no af fection." Hindoos Cry for Blood. "Two days ago," added Sir Harvey Adamson. "I saw a telegram from Cal cutta, stating that the 'Yugantar,' which usually appears on Saturday, had unex pectedly appeared on Friday, that thou sands of copies had been struck, and that they were selling at a rupee a copy. The telegram gave some description of the contents, which in violence outvied any previous issue. Writings of a sim ilar type abound In other newspapers, not oniy In Calcutta, but throughout In dia. "One article, referring to the partition of Bengal, states that 'the ruthless knife of the butcher has severed In twain the throoblng body of the Motherland,' and makes frantic appeals to all 'sons of the soil to combine and avenge the atrocity.' Another makes insidious attempts to propagate the cult of Ramdas, who In stigated Shlvajl to revolt against Mos lem rule. Another Instigates Indians to 'sacrifice their lives and to teach the rulers a bitter lesson.' Another urges i the Bengalis and Goorkhas to Join hands and to rebel against the oppression of the bureaucracy. Another advises the Ben galls to resort to red as the color of re venge, and to sing the 'hymn of retalia tion' 4A hundred heads for one head to avenge the murder of the Motherland." Another states 'that 'a huge sacrificial fire should be lit and fed, not with glee, but with blood.' Another advocates that Indians should make use of blacksmith's tools, lathes, and slings and stones to overmatch the enemies of their country. Another says that 'if resorting to boy cott, we can gain our desires, we can also be said to postpone for the present our resolve to shed blood. Another says that 'If we desire independence we should be ready to be massacred by our rulers so that their swords may. become blunt. An other exhorts to die after killing, as therein the glory of dying will he en hanced. Another urges the sacrifice of life and liberty, 'for Is it not a fact that Kali will not be propitiated with blood? Another advocates the methods of Nihil ists and the use of bombs." v h 1 Your Scalp Needs Vesciflora Vesciflora is an extract of flowers recently discovered by a famous chem ist and now used by many thousands of persons for the cure of dandruff, falling of the hair, Itching scalp, bald ness, etc. Vesciflora causes the hair to grow luxuriantly long, beautifully glossy and gives It a natural curl or fluffy appearance that Is so much sought for by all ladles of refinement It will positively grow hair where the roots are not dead, is not the least oily or sticky, and has a dainty, de lightful odor. No remedy In the world Is to be compared with this wonderful discovery for the successful treatment of all scalp diseases. Vesciflora is a recognized scientific preparation and has stood all necessary tests to prove Its value. Positive results are assured by the use of the first bottle and is guaranteed to give absolute satisfac tion. For sale at Llpman-Wolfe Co. The $1.00 size this week, 79 cents. GREAT PIANO VALUES Opposite Postoffice , Sherman. Clay 6 Co. A. B. Chase Player Pianos "The World's Best" Falling- 100 feet from a cliff. David QUI, a farm laborer, "met his death while en K,Bf,(i J" rehlng- for eggs in Aberdeen shire, Scotland. KERENS MAY BE SENATOR St. Louis Millionaire Flies Notice of His Candidacy. JEFFERSON CITY, Mo.. Aug. 8. Colonel R, C. Kerens, of St. Louis, mil lionaire owner of railroads, banks, mines and newspapers, filed with the Supreme Court of Missouri today a formal declaration of his candidacy for the Republican nomination for United States Senator. The amount of mowr In circulation pr capita in the United States Is a little over 3 INCREASE THE PURCHAS- ING POWER OF YOUR DOL LAR BY TRADING HERE NEW FALL GOODS ARE ARRIVING DAILY. THESE ORDERS WERE PLACED PREVIOUS TO OUR DETERMINATION. TO RETIRE. THIS IS YOU OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE YOUR PURCHASES AT NEARLY HALF WHAT YOU WILL PAY LATER. I AM RETIRING ER0M BUSINESS $20.00 Tailor-made Suits. . .$10.00 $25.00 Tailor-made Suits. $1&.UU $30 Tailor-made buits. .?lb.0 $35 Tailor-made S'ts. $20.00 $40.00 Suits $i:7.JU $45.00' Suits ....$35.00 LAWRENCE SHAN AH AN 144-146 THIRD ST., bet Morrison and Alder TAILOR-MADE SUITS $15.00 all-linen Wash Suits $4.98 $15.00 Voile Dress Skirts $10.00 $15.00 Panama Skirts $8.75 $17.50 Tailor-made Suits..., $9.98 $15.00 Tailor-made Suits $9.00 $35.00 black Silk Eton Suits $16.50 WE GUARANTEE A PERFECT FIT IN ALL OUR GARMENTS SILK PETTICOATS, EVERY ONE GUARANTEED all colors $3.9i $0.00 ones, all colors $4.50 tl 50, nnps. all colors $4.9o 7flfl nnp?. hlack onlv $6.00 $8 00. all colors $6.50 $9.00, all colors. $7.00 $10.00, all colors. $8.00 . ji , . . i, n.nMj. nn wiinmi tliev are. If they are ours, most assurecuy uoes pay 10 rl."'ZlV.Z I i- Hizh anility backs it up. A strong SinXr newness of style Immense stocks mSficent assortment Glittering bargains. Such are the pleasant conditions which fA; Time and attention are free commodities here. s SILK AND DRESS GOODS 20-inch colored Taffetas, all shades, including white and cream; 75c value, yard 48 20-inch Black Taffeta, extra heavy and splendid for lining purposes; 65c value for, yard 39 36-inch Black Taffeta, strictly guaranteed, pure Ly ons dye; regular $1.50 value for 98 36-inch Black Taffeta, guaranteed best Swiss make, the kind we sold for $1.75, now ..$1.19 54-inch Chiffon Broadcloth in black, brown, navy and tan; beautiful luster; sold for $1.65; retiring price, yard , , $1.00 52-inch Broadcloth in black, navy and brown only; elegant luster that will not spot; regular $2 value, retiring price $1.35 UNDERWEAR AND HOSIERY 15c Ladies' Ribbed Vests . 8 1-3 20c Ladies' Ribbed Vests 12V2 25c Ladies' Bibbed Vests 16 35c Ladies' Corset Covers 19 35c Ladies' Muslin Drawers..'. 19? 75c Ladies' Skirt Chemise 38? 15c Children's Hose 8 1-3 20c Children's Hose lit? 25c Children's Hose 16 35c Children's Hose 19 15c Ladies' Hose 9 20c Ladies' Hose . 11 25c Ladies' Hose 15? 50c Ladies' Hose 22 1? NEW PALL COATS AT HALF PRICE Ladies' Covert Jackets, $10.00 value ..$5.00 Ladies' Long Coats in tan and black, braid-trimmed, $12.50 and $15.00 values ...$8.50 Ladies' Coats, 50 and 52 inches long, made from fine broadcloth, in all the popular shades; $20.00 and $25.00 values $12.50 Ladies' fine Plush Coats, all new Fall styles, brown, black, gray; handsomely trim'd; $25 vals. $12.50 Ladies' Silk Rubberized Raincoats, all new Fall styles; $25.00 and $35.00 values; special as long as they last ....$14.50 HOUSE-FURNISHING GOODS Turkey Red Damask, per yard 19 German Mercerized Table Damask 29 Heal Irish Table Linen , 42 Sanitary Diaper Cloth 7 Napkins, 5-8 size, per dozen 49J Hemmed Napkins, per dozen 50? Barber Towels, per dozen 60 11-4 Gray Blankets, pair 89? 10-4 Grav Blankets, pair 79? Sheets, 72x90, each 39? Feather Pillows, 3 pounds ...49? Lace Curtains, $1.00 kind, each '. ..35t Marysville Woolen Blankets, pair $3.95 LACES AND EMBROIDERIES 7c Hamburg Edge and Insertion, per yard 4$ 10c Hamburg Edge and Insertion, per yard 6'it 20c and 25c Embroidery, per yard 9 50c Embroidery and Insertion 19? 8c Val. Lace and Insertion 2J 10c Val. Lace and Insertion, yard 4t 12V2C Val. Lace and Insertion, yard 6j 15c Val. Lace and Insertion, yard 8t 20c Val. Lace and Insertion, yard 11? 25c Val. Lace and Insertion, yard 13M; 50c Val. Lace and Insertion, yard 25J 65c Corsets, all sizes 42 $1.00 Corsets, all sizes 68 $1.50 Corsets, all sizes.. 88? MEN'S FURNISHING GOODS $1.00 and $1.25 Mt. Hood Shirts 49 65c Men's Working Shirts 43? 50c Men's Working Shirts 39? 50c Boys' Shirts 35 40c Men's Shirts and Drawers '. 21 50c Cotton Mesh Underwear 3o? 35c Men's Ties 19 35c Men's Suspenders 23 ? 80o Waiters' Aprons 29? 75c Men's Golf Shirts '. 49 75c Men's Black Sateen Shirts ; 43 $1.75. Men's Soisette Shirts $1.25 $2.00 Men's Soisette Shirts $1.59 WHERE YOUR DOLLAR HAS TWICE ITS PURCHASING POWER LAWRENCE SHANAHAN 144-146 Third Street Bet. Morrison and Alder s.
