The Sunday Oregonian., November 27, 1904, Page 4, Image 4

THE SUNDAY OKEGONIAN, POBTLAKD, ttOVEMISJSg 2T, 15W.
Entered at tie Postofflce at Portland, Or.,
as second-class matter.
REVISED SUBSCRIPTION KATES.
By sail (postage prepaid ,1a advance)
Dally, with Sunday, per month 5 .35
Sally, "vrlth Sunday excepted, per year. . 7.S0
Sally, with Sunday, per year 9.00
Sunday, per year 2.00
The "Weekly, per year. .......... 1-50
The Weekly. S months .50
Sally, per week, delivered, Sunday ex
cepted -v. 15c
Sally, per week, delivered, Sunday In
cluded 20o
POSTAGE KATES.
United States, Canada and Mexico
10 to 14-page paper .lc
16 to SO-page paper .....................2c
32 to 44-page paper ............... .3a
Foreign rates, double.
EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE.
(The S. C. Beckwlth Special Agency)
New Torlcj rooms 43-50, Tribune building.
Chicago: Booms 510-512 Tribune building.
The OregOBiaa does not buy poems or
stories Xrom Individuals and cannot iinder
take to return any manuscript sent to it
without solicitation. No stamps should be
inclosed Xor this purpose.
KEPT ON SALE.
Chicago Auditorium Annex; Postofflce'
Mews Co.. 173 Dearborn street.
,'Deaver -Jull us Black. Hamilton & Kend
rlck. 800-012 Seventeenth si. and Frueauff
Bros.. 605 16th st.
Kansas City, Mo. Klcksecker Cigar Co.,
Mnth and Walnut.
Los Angeles B. P. Gardner, 259 Stfuth
Spring, and Harry Srapkln.
Oakland, CaL W. H. Johnston, 14th and
Franklin st.
Minneapolis M. J. Kavanaugh, CO South
Third; L. Kegelsburger, 217 First avenue
South.
New York City L. Jones & Co., Astor
House.
Ogdea IT. K. Godard and Myers & Har
rcp. Omaha Barkalow Bros.. 1612 Farnam;
2Iageath Stationery Co, 1308 Farnam.
Salt Lake Salt Lake News Co.. 77 West
Second South street.
fit. Loula World's Fair News Co.. Geo. L.
Ackerman, newsboy. Eighth and Olive sts.,
and Excelsior News Company.
San Francisco -J. K. Cooper Co., 740 Mar
ket, near Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear,
Ferry News Stand; Goldsmith Bros., 236
Butter; L. E. Lee. Palace Hotel News
Stand; F. W. Pitts, 1008 Market; Frank
Bcott. 80 Ellis; N. Wheatley, 83 Stevenson;
Hotel St. Francis News Stand.
Washington. -D. C. Ebbltt House News
Stand.
PORTLAND. SUNDAY. NOV. 27. 1001.
THE SOCIALISTS BOUND ABOUT US.
Several hundred thousand votes were
thrown for the Socialist candidate for
President, in the recent election. It is
but a small percentage of the whole,
and the proportion is not likely to grow
very much in this country, where own
ership of property is so universally dif
fused. Tet The Oregonlan has recently
published several articles on the ap
pearance of this new force in politics
small as it is. Possibly, however. The
Oregonlan has taken, the thing too seri
ously. So at least it may suppose, from
the fact that its articles have brought
to it a flood of letters, intended for
statement, argument and reply, from
Socialists in a dozen or twenty states.
The Oregonlan. cannot print these let
ters; first, Because even if they were
well written they are too numerous;
second, because by far the greater
number of them could not be re.
printed without rewriting them and
putting them into some kind of
form, so they might make decent ap
pearance. For most of them are prodi
gies of Illiteracy, and all are rambling,
all are Incoherent, and all come from
writers who have a grievance against
the constitution of society, wish to up
set it utterly, and evidently have noth
ing to lose, yet, as they seem to hope,
something to gain.
The Oregonlan has attempted to state,
briefly, the objects and alms of Social
ism. It has shown that It would make
the state supreme in ownership of the
means of production and of distribu
tion; that it would make the state the
director of industry, and reduce all
fortunes and all living to a common
level. No more would the Individual
man exist. No man could rise above
the common level. No man could have
more or be more than every other man,
Socialism, therefore. Is the passion
for equality; and that would mean
equality on the lowest level, with con
tlnual tendency further and further
downward. It could not rest, till there
were no man in Better position or
higher fortune 'than another. It would
take out of each and every man's hands
the means of improving his own posi
tion or condition, and would place the
state over' all, charged with the duty
of seeing that no superior man .should
have the right or power to the fruits
of his own talents or labors. Needless
to say, this will -not "go."
Socialists at this point will deny, of
course. But their passion is for equal
lty of conditions and of fortunes, and
they see the consequences 6f their own
principles more clearly than they admit
Tet perhaps they do not see them so
clearly as they feel them; but they are
true to their instincts. Their idea, deny
or disguise how they may, Is to reduce
mankind to a common level. Then, in
their jargon, "there will be no classes";
then we shall have the common level on
which the natives of Oregon were found
by Liewis and Clark.
But they say Socialism would not go
so far as this;' that It would, however.
give the masses of the people the best
of everything. Then we should all fare
sumptuously, ride in carriages, array
ourselves in purple and fine linen and
drink champagne when we wanted it
Either that, or nobody should have
any.
How far. then, would Socialism go?
As far as it is allowed to go, for it is
the destructive force, the negation of
general progress, yet essential no doubt
as a force of resistance. It will go as
far as it maybe allowed to go; for there
is a theory of it, and even a principle
In it. But the theory cannot go far
and must (he checked; even the prlnci
pie cannot be allowed much latitude.
for there is an altruistic force in It that
runs to extreme. Even benevolence
may be overdone, and "goodness, grown
to a plurlsy, dies In its own too-much.'
Hence the necessity of check. The
check is the resultant of the forces that
come into play through practical life,
and through the operations of human
nature that make all institutions what
they are.
The passion for equality is one of the
necessary forces of the life of man in
society; but to make it the sole ruling
force Is to upset everything and to
arrest all progress. It is through in
eauallty only through inequality of
talents and of opportunities that ad
vancement is made by the human race.
Hen must be left free to fly with their
own wings, and to outsoar others If
they can.
The agitation for Socialism does not
emanate chiefly from the working- class.
Its prophets, in the main, are those who
live, or try to live, not by the work of
their own hands, but by exhortation of
the workers to discontent; by urging
them to seek resources elsewhere than
in their own Industry and prudence
where alone their resources are to be
found. The agitators of Socialism
therefore are Its parasites; and very
often they get rich.
In each man there Is a natural desire
to Improve his circumstances; t6 reap
the full reward of his superior talent If
he have it; to make the most of his own
energy and thrift and to possess and
enjoy the fl-ftlt. This Is the very main
spring of the production of the "world.
No man who has -anything in. him -wants
to sit down as the slave of the state,
set to his tasks under "social" author
ity. Take the motives of action away;
persuade men that by superior work
they will obtain no superior reward; cut
off all the hopes that stimulate among
ordinary men .ambition, enterprise, In
vention-and self -sacrifice, and the whole
level of "effort and of result will rapidly
and inevitably sink. The thought or
desire of it can come only from such
as have parted with hope and with am
bition.
Because there are few of these the
thought and the movement will not go
very, far. Any way, In our country.
the notion is exotic; where oppor
tunity is so great each and every
energetic -human being feels that
he or she can "go it alone,"
The exceptions are those who lack the
nerve and the vigor of life. They are
our fellow-beings, and as such are enti
tled to our kindness; but they must
excuse the energetic people of this
world, If they decline to allow human
activities to sink to the low plane of
action involved in. the proposition that
government must do everything fir
everybody. A fine indication of a
healthy public sentiment In our country
is the recent and tremendous triumph
of Theodore Roosevelt, who is the moat'
conspicuous and powerful exemplar of
the individual man the man of vigor
and energy and self-reliance, of faith
in the people and of faith in himself
that the country has known In our time.
To the socialistic spirit such a man Is
contrast; and the stupendous vote
cast for him on the issues of this pres
ent time shows that the heart of the
country is vigorous and sound.
A CONCEPTION OF "SOCXETT."
Speaking before the "Woman's Club on
Friday, Mr. C. E. S. Wood said:
Socialism may or may not be the beet pos
sible condition for the state, yet many people
believe society Is rapidly trending that way-
trending toward the common ownership of all
wealth by the state. I do not say that So
cialism is the best soluUon. though it may
be. My own tendencies are anarchistic. I be
lieve in that condition of society which allows
any man the freedom to help himself to and
make the best use of that which so one else
using or which another is not uslnc
properly.
Mr. Wood is very unconventional in
his views and statements; often, in
deed, as his best friends remark, eccen
tric and even erratic By his original
ity and force he Is carried Into state
ments of this kind, which he would be
as far as any one from approving in
practice or action.
For "the condition of society which
would allow any man the freedom to
help himself to and to make the best
use of that which no one else is using,
or which another is using Improperly,"
would, It might be feared, be favorable
neither to the safety of Individuals nor
to the safety of society. And It might
be feared that "peace. Justice, truth,
domestic awe, night-rest and neighbor
hood, instruction, manners, degrees, ob
servances, customs and laws" would
"decline to their confounding contrar
ies" very quickly. What If the man who
was claiming a thing yet not using it.
or, in the judgment of his neighbor, not
using it properly, should reply as he
certainly would with the shotgun to the
man who undertook to "help himself
to it? And this would be general. For
the claimant or owner is his own judge,
within the limits of law, whether he Is
using It properly or not, or whether he
will make any present use of it. At
least he deems himself as well qualified
to judge as the man who might wish
to "help himself" to it and with better
right to judge.
We think Mr. Wood's scheme would
be a bad basis for society. Indeed the
word "society" should not be used In
such relation at all. The result would
be universal dissolution of society.
every man's hand against his neighbor.
the eloquent speaking-tubes of the
shotgun constituting the law, the Judge
and the Jury.
Mr. Wood's temperamental utterances
are corrected habitually. In action, by
reason and Judgment, of which he has
large stock. He therefore Is a very ex
cellent citizen; not at all the man whom
the stranger, on reading the excerpt
from-his speech at the Woman's Club,
would Imagine him. This Is one of
those pleasantries jylth which he so
often regales his friends. He would
not at all like to see his "vindication
of natural society," or his experiment
in it, attempted.
THE ROOT OF THE DEMAND.
Senator Mitchell, The Oregonlan
thinks, mistakes when he says that the
people of the Pacific States would not
favor or approve tariff changes, but
would have the schedules remain as
they are at present preferring to "let
well enough alone." The Pacific States
are not far advanced in special lines
of manufacture; hence many of the
schedules do them no good, and some
of them, since they obstruct trade and
play directly Into the hands of the great
manufacturers in other states, positive
harm. Advantage doubtless is had in
our Pacific States through protection
of certain of their products, as wool
In Oregon and fruits In California; but
on the whole protection In these states
is a burden as well as a profit, and the
two perhaps nearly balance each other.
It Is not strange, however, that judg.
ment differs on this subject according
to the point of view; so we find
who believe that the present protective
system is the beneficent thing that
gives us all the prosperity we have,
while others hold It to be downright
robbery and a check upon a prosperity
that arises from the bounty of nature,
which prosperity therefore would be
much greater than it is were protection
utterly discarded.
In our present status of development
or evolution the truth lies between
these extremes; and therb is a belief
on the part of many that the tariff
schedules as they stand incline too
much toward the protection of special
interests, and therefore ought to be re
vised and readjusted. These opinions
are entitled to consideration. From the
political point of view such action also
would be suggested by prudence; for
the time will come when. If such ac
tion be very long denied, there will be
a violent revulsion from present con
dltions; and the pendulum now at one
extreme will swing very far toward
the other. The demand for revision will
not be suppressed by trampling upon it
In the long run that will only make it
' stronger.
If the country is cot going to free
trade, on the one hand, it will not much
longer be satisfied with present pro
tective schedules, on the other. The
country was willing to tax itself and for
long: has been taxing itself, for the sake
of testing and developing the latent ap
titudes of its land and its people. Good
has come of It, in our case; because we
have learned to make many things
more economically than we could make
them formerly. Thus also we have car
ried development of machinery and mo
tive power to a high degree, have been
working up our materials at home, have
paid wages, and have had the profits
of distribution. Yet it is Incontestable
that the system results In enormous
benefits to the comparatively few who
are in position to take fullest advantage
of It- It 1s believed not to be right to
allow the law to stand as It is. or to
be manipulated further, so that these
may continue to make excessive profits.
This is the root of the demand for re
vision and reduction of certain impor
tant schedules; and the demand will
have to be considered. It ought to be
considered in time, before It carries the
party down, that Identifies itself with
obstruction. Conciliation of opponents,
within reasonable limits is a wise policy
always for a party strongly established
in power.
NEW STUDY IN ECONOMICS.
If the announced plans of Mr. T.
Furushlma, Japanese purchaser of a
shingle mill at Sumas, are carried out.
the shingle business on Puget Sound is
in due season bound to present a new
study in economics. The capitalist from
the land of the Mikado will not close
his shingle mill when times are hard
and the demand Is poor. Instead he
will proceed on his commercial voyage
under shortened sail by reducing the
wages of the employes and storing the
stock that cannot be disposed of. Mr.
Furushlma says that he will not draw
the color line, but that white men will
be given an opportunity to work If they
will accept the same wages as are paid
the Japanese. He also Announces that
for the present about the same wages
will be paid as are paid by the mills
now operated by the white men when
the demand Is good.
For the present this new arrival in
the industrial field will operate but one
mill, but as rapidly as green hands can
broken into the work the syndicate
which is supplying the funds for the en
terprise will purchase more mills, em
ploy more Japanese and make more
shingles. Japanese labor, wherever it
has been utilized on the Pacific Coast,
has been secured at a much lower cost
than white labor, and the fact that
there are none of the entaglements at
tendant on unionism to be reckoned
with in employing the Japanese has
tended to popularize It In many lines of
industry, to the detriment of white la
bor. At the same time, the Japanese
has in certain lines failed to "make
good" when compared with the white
laborer. Size, weight and intelligence
count against him in many places
where the two classes of labor have
been tried, and to make up for his
shortcomings he has to his credit only
a willingness to work longer hours for
less money than will be accepted by the
whltcman.
The Japanese have for many years
been extensively employed In the lum
ber business in British Columbia, and
the low schedule of wages paid them
has been a popular complaint of the
American lumbermen In their demands
for protection against the Canadian
lumber. Their advent In the shingle
business on the American side of the
line, where they will come In direct
competition with the American laborers
and shingle manufacturers, cannot well
do otherwise than create quite, a dis
turbance in the business as soon as
they secure a foothold. Unionism
among the shingle workers on Puget
Sound was at one time sufficiently
strong to prevent the manufacture of
shingles or the marketing of them un
less they were turned out by union la
bor. It Is possible that the unions are
still strong enough to ward off this new
danger that seems destined In the end
to play serious havoc with union prln
clples and methods. It Is not alone the
laborer who seems slated to .suffer by
this foreign Invasion of a protected
field, but, if Mr. Furushlma proceeds
on the plan he has outlined, he will be
in a position eventually to defy the
shingle trust and sell the product of hjs
mills at any price he is willing to ac
cept, regardless of what It may cost his
white neighbors to turn out the goods.
Viewed from the most liberal stand
point. It is aparent that the appearance
of the Japanese as shingle manufactur
ers savors greatly of the "yellow peril"
In a form where it may prove unpleas
ant for a large number of white men
engaged in the shingle business.
CHILD-SAVING.
If the decrease In the American birth
rate, of which we hear so much and see
so little, may fitly be denominated "race
suicide," It is equally appropriate to
denominate the neglect of chlldren-
whether leading to their moral or phys
leal death, or both "race murder.'
Acting upon the principle underlying
this belief and hailed as philanthropy,
humanity, charity or social economy,
organizations have been formed
through which .earnest, intelligent men
and women have sought to save to the
race and the country children who were
born of Irresponsible parents. Every
progressive community supports insti
tutions of this class. And while the
contributing public regards with utter
reprobation the fact that these children
were brought Into the world only to be'
cast upon Its mercy, philanthropy ac
oepts the obligation that Is thus thrown
upon it, in order'that enlightened minds
may not be accessory to the type of
child murder that results from parental
neglect, or from the far lesser mlsfor
tune of actual orphanage.
In our own community this purpose is
represented by the Boys' and Girls' Aid
Society, the Children's Home, the Baby
Home and by a number of Juvenile
shelters and training schools under the
direction of the Catholic Church, and
finally by the State Reform School.
With the "history and endeavor of one
or more of these chlld-favlng instltu
tlons, all observant citizens are to some
extent familiar, and many of them, at
least, regard .the work for which such
Institutions stand as of prime import
ance.
Henry Dwight Chapln. M. D., tells us
in a late number of the Outlook some
thing of the child-saving effort, cover
ing a period of half a century, that has
been made In New York. City through
the New York Juvenile Asylum. This
work, he says, has shaped for greater
usefulness the lives of thirty-nine thou
sand little street waifs, committed to
its care during its long day of endeavor.
He tells us further that It has now-
reached an epoch-making period in Its
long career, by doing away with the
congregate system and developing the
cottage system. This plan Is regarded
by the directors of the institution to
be as much in advance of the old re
gime which necessarily comprised the
herding of the children together as the
original plan was In advance of the
stre4t home for the neglected waiL
The cottage plan has not been a sud
den development; it represents a long
riod of growth, during which its pro
moters have watched and worked It
with care. For nearly a decade the cot
tage colony system has been under con
struction, so to speak, with the result
that a miniature village has been
founded near Dobbs' Ferry, which, It Is
felt, will serve as a model for similar
Institutions for child-saving not only In
the great cities of the United States,
but upon the Continent.
This colony equipment consists of fif
teen attractive cottages, each of which
will accommodate twenty inmates on
the family plan. For the benefit of the
300 children thus brought under the
influence and discipline of home life
all of the essential public service sys
tems. Including a power-house and a
schoolhouse, have been Instituted. It
Is believed that the percentage of neg
lected children that will be returned
from these cottages, to the state in due
course of time as useful citizens and
Intelligent home-makers will be rela
tively as great as that from average
homes In which large families are
brought up, and from which children
are sent out to success or failure in the
world.
Dropping the philanthropic and hu
mane purpose which underlies the ef
fort denominated "child-saving," its
economic feature commends itself
strongly to the consideration of prac
tical men. The cry of a diminished
birth rate is in the nature of an alarm,
and, judging from the evidence present
ed by the public school enrollment f
the country, of a false alarm at that.
The plea for child-saving Is made In the
Interest of humanity and of political
and social economy. The one Is the re
sult of baseless anxiety the other the
response of the public conscience to the
call of duty.
INDIANS AND EDUCATION.
Bev. Dr. Madison, who chanced to see
twelve Indian girls of the Fort Shaw
Indian School in Montana at work in
the Government school In St. Louis, has
offered to take these students to New
York City and have them finish their
education In a high-class school there.
The Government Is not averse to the
proposition, but the parents of the girls
reservation Indians strenuously ob
ject, and the matter is now being in
vestigated In the hope of obtaining their
consent.
It Is easy to understand the feelings
of these Indian parents. Knowing
nothing themselves of the benefits of
education and never having felt the
need of it, all of their traditions and
prejudices are against a plan that they
feel will rob them utterly of their chil
dren. It has frequently been found dif
ficult to secure the consent of such
parents to the placing of their -children
In Industrial schools in the West. They
look upon the learning thus obtained
with great contempt, and seldom are
willing to have It applied to the home
life of the family after the return of
the boys and girls from school. At
least they do not encourage such appli
cation. It la not strange, therefore.
that the good Intent of this earnest
minister is not appreciated. The wishes
of the pupils will not be consulted In
the matter, but, having spent the Sum
mer at the St. Louis Fair, it is probable
that they would not object to the pro
posed change. The rights of the par
ents will, however, be respected, even
though the philanthropist is convinced
that their opposition Is but Ignorance
standing in the way of enlightenment.
HAS HOMICIDE INCREASED?
Under the caption of "Lawlessness In
the United States," S. S. McClure de
votes considerable space in the current
issue of McClure's Magaaine to the In
crease of crime In this country, the par
ticular crime for which statistics are
given being manslaughter And the
statistics presented are alarming
enough, especially at first sight, Mr.
McClure showing to his own satlsfac
tion that there are now four and one-
half times as many murders and hornl
cldes for each million of people as there
were In 1881. Such a statement as this
demands consideration. Before dealing
with the statistics brought forward by
Mr. McClure, it is interesting to note
the conclusions he draws from them
Dealing with the "causes of this appal
ling Increase In crime," he says:
I was led to consider the prevalence of
crime by the results of the investigations
made by this magazine. It seemed to me
incredible that legislators, Mayors, Alder
men. policemen even Justices of the Peace
and sometimes Police Judges selected by
the methods described in Mr. Steffcns ar
ticles, could fully protect life and property.
Here is food for thought. Few will
doubt that a -high purpose prompted
the beginning of the articles which Mc
Clure's has made Its "specialty," and
few will doubt that they have accom
pllshed good. There Is, however, a tend
ency to work a good vein for all that
It Is worth, and the task of keeping a
series of monthly articles up to a sen
satlonal standard Is not a light one, and
leads to such things as classifying Sen
ator Spooner among the "enemies of the
Republic" Facts must be twisted to
fit a theory. The McClure theory In
this case Is that our political procedure
leads to crime, and the number of mur
ders and homicides Is accordingly held
up as a proof.
To Mr. McClure it Is incredible that
policemen "selected by the methods de
scribed In Mr. Steffen's articles could
fully protect life and property." But
tressing this belief are two excerpts
from Chicago newspapers on murders In
that city and In Londdn. In 1903 Lon
don had twenty-four murders, and all
the murderers, except four who com
mltted suicide, were arrested. Chicago,
with less than one-third of Ixm
don's population, t)a.& 128 homicides.
Out of this number 106 were left for the
police to work upon. ' Thirty-four con
vlctlons were -obtained, fifty-three ar
rests did not result in conviction, and
In nineteen cases no arrests were made.
This would seem to show that a mur
derer In England was particularly cer
tain to be apprehended, but what do we
find orf glancing at more general sta
tlstlcs? Official records for ten years
show that in England and Wales but
672 persons were tried for this crime.
whereas 1765 murders had been commit
ted.
The table which Is the main feature
of Mr. McClure's article shows that
in 1881 there were -in "the United States
1266murder3and. .homicides, 24.7 for each
million of people- Jn 1895 the respective
figures were 10,500 and 152.2; and in 1903
they were 8976 and 112. These figure?
are aufflclemtly startling. Examination
shows that from 1S81 the number of
murders -and homicides mounts annu
ally by fairly regular gradations to
1S93, the year of financial depression,
when it jumps suddenly from S15 to
9S0O In 1834 and to 10.552 in 1896. In 1897
there were 9520 murders and homi
cides, a greater number than in, any
year since recorded, and "the annual
number has not greatly varied since.
These figures are from the statistics
compiled by the Chicago Tribune, and
they are admittedly taken from the re
ports of crimes In the press. This
leaves'a wide margin for error, and the
rapid increase from 18S1 is probably due
to more careful and skillful compila
tion. Since the "hard times" there has
been no such Increase, and the com
parison of 1S93 with 1881 is not fair.
For 1S9S the number of murders per
million of the population and It must
e remembered that the population can
be merely guessed at was 151.3, and
for the following years up to and In
cluding 1903 the numbers were 132.S,
107.2, 83.6, 103.4, 100.9. 111.7 and 112.
These disclose no startling Increase.
Even aside from the fact that In a
country where revolvers, are frequently
carried, murders do not afford a fair
Index to all crime, the table presented
by Mr. McClure is not nearly so alarm-
ipg as he would have us believe. In so
great a country as this the absolute
figures are astonishing enough; rela
tively they are hardly sensational
enough for the requirements of fire
cracker journalism.
R. Strutt, the son of a British noble
man, claims to nave constructed a
clock which will run approximately 2000
years, by means of energy derived from
radium. He does not pretend to have
solved the problem of perpetual motion,
but if his contention Is true he has
certainly come near enough to its solu
tion for all practical purposes. Sir
William Ramsey, a noted radium ex
pert, In referring to this Invention says:
Two thousand years Is a limited period
of time. Just as much as is twenty-
four hours." The thought that will
arise In every Inquiring mind when the
limit of the long period of activity of
the radium clock is fixed is, 'Why 2000
ears?" Apart from thl3 query, how
ever, and from the skepticism that in
spires it, the radium clock Is in itself a
most wonderful triumph of human in-
genulty. A small piece of gold leaf Is
electrified, by a small quantity of ra
dium salt. It bends away from the
metal and keeps on moving under this
Influence until It touches the side of
the vessel. At the moment of contact
It loses its electrical charge, springs
tack and Is again electrified. Such a
clock, according to the estimate of the
expert mentioned, could be constructed
for 5100. Relief from winding the clock
for the period of an ordinary lifetime
would be cheap at that price.
A monument to the memory of Pres
ident William McKinley was unveiled
at the main entrance to Golden Gate
Park, San Francisco, on the afternoon
of Thanksgiving day. The monument.
from the description, seems at first
thought rather grotesque than signlfi.
cant of the life or death of the mur
dered President. A bronze figure on a
granite pedestal Is that of a woman of
heroic size, with a drawn sword in one
hand and a palm In the other. Inter
preted, however. It Is a symbolical
statue of the Republic, and represents
at once power and conciliation the
ability to strike and the disposition to
spare qualities that were characteris
tic of William McKinley as soldier and
statesman,
It is a glorious thing to be Czar of
all the Russlas and father of five beau
tiful children at 36 years of age. Nich
olas has a start In life that even an
unfettered citizen of the United States
might envy. But the Job has its draw
backs. If any one can contemplate
without pity the terrible dilemma of the
poor autocrat at the present moment.
with an unsuccessful war using up his
people and bankruptcy his treasury,
and with a revolution apparently Immi
nent at home, he must have steeled his
heart against the sorrows of any poten
tate. If the Czar will take it Into his
head to abdicate and come out and see
the Lewis and Clark Exposition he will
stand a chance of being a happier man.
Landlubbers, It is said, man the Baltic
fleet. There is practically no doubt of
this. The North Sea Incident attests its
truth. From all reports the United
States Navy, were it called suddenly
Into action, would not be in better
plight. There Is a dearth of men In the
Navy all along the line, and there are
i"v.uv. , "."v-w.. "
js true, pic up me luiumcutc icnuutu
to man battiesmps emcienuy more
quickly than do Russians, but an emer-
cencv call would have to be met by the
enlistment of "landlubbers" to man our
magnificent battleships. This is short
sighted, and It represents a condition
that should not be allowed to continue,
Once Portland had a pennant-win
ning baseball team. But through vari
ous vicissitudes it has been at the tail
end of the procession for something like
three years. It would perhaps be un
wise to fix the blame for this lament
able situation. It may have, been bad
luck, or it may have been bad judg
ment on somebody's .part; ox perhaps
ment on someDOdy s part; ox pernaps
the team could not lay good enough
ball. Now there Is another change.
and we. shall hope It will be for the
better. We know It cannot be for the
worse.
Handshaking of a President Is
nuisance, a bore, a hardship and a dan-
ger; and it .seems to nave Deen propeny
omitted for the ceremony of, the- re
ception to President Roosevelt at St.
Louis. If the President Inaugurates
during his present term a needed reform
by declining td shake hands at any
public reception, he will be sustained
by sentiment. The popularity of the
handshaker is not necessarily lasting.
anyway.
Letson Balliefs excessive energy in
accumulating victims of fraudulent
mining schemes is to be repressed for
three months by a sentence In JalL But
we shall probably hear from him again.
It is not always easy to keep a mining
shark in his proper element, which is
the wholesome atmosphere of a prison.
Folk's exact plurality over Walbrldge
for Governor of Missouri was 30,100, ahd
he was the only Democratic state offi
cer elected. Now the Republican Leg
islature threatens to investigate the
patronage of his offloet which amounts.
to $150,000 per year. Mr. Folk as the ob
ject of a Legislative Inquiry ought to
be a highly Interesting spectacle.
They took Roosevelt to Missouri and
they showed"" him.
LAWSON ON THE "GRAFT."
Thomas W. Lawson's chapter of "Fren
zied Finance" In the December Issue of
Everybody's Magazine, relates mainly to
the manipulation of stock In the Boston
Gas Company, the effort being made by
agents of the Standard Oil Company to
gain control of the combined interests In
the hands of Addlcks, Lawson and oth
ers. Early In the proceedings Addlcks
was squeezed out, or at least rendered
harmless by being shoved Into the back
ground, and In order to save the enter
prise from entire wreck Lawson united
with the Standard Oil people to form a
new company. Whitney, the Standard Oil
agent and a brother of the late William
C Whitney, claimed to have knowledge of
process by which cheap Canada coal
could be converted into gas which could
be sold for 50 cents a thousand feet, and
asked a legislative franchise. In order
to force bis hand, Lawson offered to
pay the State of Massachusetts 51.000,000
for such a franchise and to bind himself
to do all the things Whitney would agree
to do. As Whitney really had no secret
of manufacture and could not carry out
any such franchise, be was forced to make
terms, the result being the formation of
a new company. A franchise was needed
for this, aad the most Interesting part of
the story is that relating 'to the bribing
of the Legislature. Mr. Lawson had never
had any knowledge of this sort of thing
before, and was quite shocked when he
learned the extent of corruption necessary,
but his scruples did hot lead hlni to inter-
lere witn tne process oi Dnoery. air.
Whitney had tho reputation of carrying
the Massachusetts Legislature la bis vest
pocket, and the working of the franchise
Tilfi-n wn loft - him nnH n ! o nttnrnur
xf- ttoi
"I do not hesitate to say," he asserts,
In a oarajrraDh printed In capitals, "that
the Massachusetts Legislature Is bought
and sold as are sausages and fish at the
markets and wharves. That the largest,
wealthiest and most prominent corpora
tions la New England, whose affairs are
conducted, by our most representative citi
zens, habitually .corrupt the Massachu
setts Legislature, and the man of wealth
among them who would enter protest
against the Iniquity would be looked on
as a 'class anarchist.' I will go further
and say that if In New England a man of
the type of Folk, of Missouri, can bo
found who will give over six months to
turning up the legislative and Boston mu
nicipal sod of the past ten years, who
doe3 not expose to the world a condition
of rottenness more rotten than was ever
before exhibited In any community In the
civilized world. It will be because he ha3
been suffocated by the stench of what he
exhumes." .
Here Is a picture of the Legislature
being bribed to grant the votaries of fren
zied finance for nothing those things
which should and do belong to the people,
and i0T wnich the system's votaries would
willingly pay millions of dollars it they
were compelled to do so.
Headquarters for Whitney's Massachu-
co(tc Pnn TlnA 3 4. V
Hotel, parlors 5, 10 and 11. rooms 6. 7. 8.
second story front. Parlors 9 and 10 were
tho general reception rooms, while 11 was
ror the commander himself and the hold
ing of important and "touchy" Inter
views. The rooms 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 were
used for educational purposes.. In the
morning the place was deserted, but at
noon the parlors began to fill up with the
different members of the "machine" and
their friends, trustworthy members of
the Legislature. A little later an elab
orate luncheon would be served, the su
pernumeraries eating in one room, Towle
and his chiefs and the Legislators in the
other. The gossip of the morning session
was exchanged and the work laid out for
the afternoon legislative and committee
sessions. Another interval of silence and
peace until 5:30 the real business of the
day began. Mr. Patch was generally on
the ground first, carrying the books in
which the bribery records were kept, for
be It remembered that the efficiency of
the Whitney machine was largely due to
the thoroughly systematic manner In
which its operations were conducted,
Nothing was left to chance or to any
one s memory. In turn, the subordinates
presented careful reports of the day's
transactions. At 6:30 Mr. Towle would go
over these documents, "sizing up" the
actual results for submission later to the
"chief himself. Between 7:30 and 8:30 the
"machine" dined; the remains of the
feast having been removed, the doors
were locked and the books brought out
If an outsider could possibly have ob
tained the entry to the headquarters of
the Whitney Massachusetts Pipe Line,
say at 9 o'clock any evening during the
session, he might easily 'have Imagined
himself at the Madison Square Garden,
or at Tattersall's on the night of the first
day of an international horse sale. This
Is what he would see: In Parlor 10,
seated at a long table a dozen of Mr,
Towle's chiefs, all in their shirt sleeves,
smoking voluminously; before each
sheet or paper on which was printed a
list of the members Of the Legislature;
against every name a blank space for
memoranda; at the head cf the table
Tnwlei himself frownlne severelv nvpr a
similar sheet having broader memoranda
spaces, une alter another tne cniers
would call off the names of the Legls-
lators. reporting as iney went along. Tne
ly: " from not any man:
from my man and.....-.'-s man: seen
today, stood same as yesterday; from
raised, price S. making it $150:
agreed; 510 paid on account, total of 530
due; raised because told him that he
had got 5a) more from...
as eacn man reportea, tne otner cmeis
and Towle discussed the details, and
when a decision on disputed points was
arrived at, Towle would make a memo
randum on his blank, and the chief con
cerned recorded the order in the little
note book which each carried, i .
Was there no opposition to this whole
sale corruption? Certainly. "There were
public meetings In Boston," says Mr.
Lawson. "Good - government clubs
throughout the state met and resoluted;
citizens' organizations howled robbery
and malfeasance. For a few weeks Mas
sachusetts seemed all wrought up."
The day finally came, the Legislature
obediently voted. Tbe measure was
pa
obediently voted. The
finance, however rejoicing was brief. A
bomb fell and consternation reigned. The
bill providing for tho franchise was un-
expectediy vetoea by tne Governor.
bujuuj cul uunu uii.ci iuai winj. iituJ
gone up. tiveryDooy, mciuamg Legls
lators. had speculated, and ruin stared
them Jn the face Mr Towle wa3 forced
to flee the country.
This chapter ends quite In the way of
fiction, with large measures of poetic Jus
tice meted out to the evil-doers. There
are other Interesting and dramatic Inci
dents, notably Lawson's excited Inter
view with Rogers, of the Standard Oil
Company, on one occasion, but perhaps
the part of the installment which will be
read with most interest by business men
has to do with the part taken by the
New Tork Life Insurance Company, the
Mutual and the Equitable Companies.
This Is in a supplementary chapter In an
swer to correspondence and inquiries on
the subject and contains some remark
able assertions.
Codd's Curious Defenses.'
Tha Sneciator.
An Interesting book might be written on
the subject of "Curious Defenses."
One excellent Instance Is suppUed Here
Codd was defending client accused
steallnjc a duck. Ha set up seven de
fenses: (1) The accused bought the duck
and paid for it; (2) he found It: (?) it was
glven to Ua: K flew tato his garden;
fTJtS?
curiae sucsrested that there never was any
duck at all. The accused was acquitted,
"not' because tney cnose any parucmar
defense, but because they did not know
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Magazine Stories a ia Mode.
SnlfTler's heart beat like a steam
hammer. " Yarvard. was two points be
hind Pennston and there remained but
two minutes In which to score. Sud
denly, he knew not how, he found the
ball in his hands. A shrill voice from
the grandstand how well he knew that
voice rose above tho din. "Sick 'em.
Sniffy," it cried. Snlffey his pet name
and from Her! He gritted his re
maining teeth, and steering by the eye
that stIU remained open, he went madly
down the field. Five yards and his last
rib was stovo in. Ten yards and his
other leg was broken. Twenty yards
and his neck was broken. He fell
across the line and fainted. From the
grandstand a shriek rang out. "Dol-
gurn it: cried a lovely voice, u
they've hurted rhy Sniffy I'll " Then
Snlffler knew he had won Her.
The Game Strenuous.
Too bad about Genemulfs tackle
losing the game for his team."
"How did It happen?" - .- :1-
"He went all to pieces in the 'first
scrimmage."
Father Time on the Staff.
J. R. Olden is hauling lumber from Aardman
for some kind of a building; time will tell
what for. Liberty Notes In lone Proclalmer.
And of course It won't be the Trail of
the serpent.
Even the Czar knows better than to
press the lid down on a boiling Ketue.
Negotiations tor tne peace congress pro-
gress almost as uneventfully as the war.
Some of Oregon's National Guard of
ficers are . Just awaiting their cues to
serve China.
And the critics should remember that
Kuropatkin made hi records without
the aid of windshields.
More pens are made than pins, says a
Philadelphia manufacturer. And all the
editors will back him up.
It's all very well to boost for an ally,
think Englishmen; but when Russia Is
Serine- such bhr nrlces for coal
It is not so bad to have anarchistic
leanings If one has common sense but
tresses to prevent a toppling over.
President Roosevelt is said to have
given up using the word "dee-lighted." No
I wonder; it must haveiseemed so inade-
quato of late.
.
San Francisco art students hazed a com
panion so successfully that he is now
paralyzed. But then, Art Is long, while
Life Is fleeting.
Why do none of the Generals ever get
back at the correspondents by writing a
book called. 'With Richard Harding Davis
In Corea" or
Mukden?"
'With Frederick Palmer to
Tho Turkish government allowed the
destitute in the Mush district a cent a
day, each, for food. With such a sum
one might buy a postal card and try eat
ing that.
Some of the papers are giving advice
"How to .Make Home Cheerful for
the Winter." The most practical .way
is for the husband to make a million
dollars In a business: deaL"
A Chicago man wants to have laws
passed against football. He should re-
flectj that laws against football were
enacted nunareus ol years agu, auu n.
where are they todSy? .
A headline in the Whjatcom Reveille
lead to the belief that Jeffries had given
up Davy Crockett for another role. The
line read, "Jeffries as Rip Van Win
kle." However, it was Jefferson
all through the rest of the story.
With apologies to tho original, we
must remark that some of the publish
ed sketches of C E. S. Wood's hair ap
pear to have been drawn from Mr. Bar
ber's description of those "improved
homesteads near Mount Jefferson.
One of the persons brought over by the
Korea was a former policeman at Shang
hai, sentenced to a term In San Quentln
fnr kleklncr a Chinaman to death.- And
nrfsnn Is a man's reward for upholding
I Anglo-Saxon supremacy in the Orient:
I jn Chicago a saloonkeeper placed
Q nf mMttv Wo a customer and
ht that the latter coldn t drink It.
The customer won tne Det ana ai wm-
ow Is now suing the saloonkeeper for
510,000 damages. Evidently the fact
that her husband must have died a
happy death won't Induce the woman
to abate a cent from her demands.
Editors are far braver than soldiers.
although they get much less credit for
reckless daring. The editor of the
Jacksonville (I1L) Journal recently took
400 children to the St Louis Fair. He
had no assistance, managed, the whole
bunch himself and brought them back
without losing a single head" not even
his own. What soldier would dare an
adventure like that?
According to a paragraph that Is going
the rounds, of the press, a Japanese auc-
. . conducted on very different lines
country, There no
screeching auctioneer and the bidders do
I not yell out their offers. Instead, the
article to be sold Is exhibited, and tnen
the blds are marked on pieces of paper
and put into a box. The auctioneer ex
amines the slips and thanignest bid taxes
the lot. 1 It It only were the custom in
this country for spielers, shouters and
barkers to write their remarks on pieces
of paper and, distribute them among the
crowd!
The burden Imposed by. civilization upon
the white man grows heavier every year.
In the interests of civilization it Is nec
essary for the white man to sell rifles
and gin to the black man, thereby gaming
money to spread still further the blessings
of civilization. It is also necessary at
times for the white man to shoot down
The black man quite extensively, when
the latter displays any reactionary spirit
In the way of refusing to buy gin- or to
bay taxes. And now mark the predica
ment Into which these duties' have led
Portugal. Having sold the Africans living
I i mhm of Influence a considerable
. - --pitpnt mndorn rifles. Por-
of tugal now finds it necessary to decrease
- Lthe native population a uiue. uuc wnen
she serais out an expedition for the pur-
poset what do we find? Why, the un-
ateul black man Is actually turning
Se modem rifles against the white map
from whom they were purchased. Conse-
quently Portugal Is ia the embarrassing
t to say perilous position of having to
t , ., , .v wl-