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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (June 7, 1903)
6 THE STOJDAY OKEGOIAN, POETLAND, JUNE 7, 1903. Entered at the Postoffice at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mall (postage prepaid. In advance) Dally, with Sunday, per month 0-3 Dally. Sunday excepted, per year v.... .50 Dally, with Sunday, per year v.00 Sunday, per year ..... 2.00 The weekly, per year. . 1-M The Weekly. 3 months K To City Subscribers Dally, per -week, delivered. Sunday excepted-lGc Dally, per week, delivered, Sunday lncluded.200 POSTAGE RATES. United States, Canada and Mexico 30 to 14-page paper.-.. . lc 26 to 30-page paper ... 2c 82 to 41-pago paper ... .3c Foreign rates double. News or discussion Intended for publication In The Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the name o any Individual. Letters relating to adver tising, subscription, or to any business matter should be addressed dmply "The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories xrom Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to It without solici tation. 2fo stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. Eastern Business Office, 43. 44, 45, 47, 48, "49 Tribune building. New Tork City; 510-11-12 Tribune building. Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth Special Agency, Eastern representative. For sale In San Francisco by I E. Lee. Pal ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros., 238 Sutter street; F. W. Pitts. 1008 Market street: J. K. Cooper Co., 740 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry news stand. Frank Scott. SO Ellis street, and N. Wheatley, 813 Mission street. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner, 250 South Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. 05 South Spring street. For sale In Kansas City. Mo., by Ricksecker Cigar Co., Ninth and "Walnut streets. For sale in Chicago by the P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald. 63 "Washington street. For sale in Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1G12 Farnam street; Mcgeath Stationery Co., 1308 Farnam street. For sale In Ogden by "W. G. Kind, 114 23th street; Jas. II. Crockwell. 242 25th street. For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. 77 "West Second South street. For sale in Washington, D. C, by the Ebbett House new stand. For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & Xendrl-k. 006-012 Seventeenth street; Louthan & Jackson Book & Stationer Co.. Fifteenth and Lawrence streets; A. Series, Sixteenth and Curtis streets. TODAY'S WEATHER Fair and continued warm. Northerly winds. YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem perature, S8 deg.: minimum temperature, 00 deg . no precipitation. PORTLAND, SUNDAY, JUNE 7, 1903. A TROUBLE THAT AWAITS US. "Whether the treaty formulated be tween representatives of the United States and representatives of Colom bia, as to the Panama Canal, will be ratified by the Colombian Congress, or not, it is not possible to say. There are reasons why all parties in Colom bia oppose it; and probably the only reason that could have any weight or effect in securing Its ratification Is the imperative need of the country for the money the United States is to pay. In Colombia political parties if such bodies really exist are split into fac tions, more or less in revolutionary commotion. The Liberal or popular party, much the most numerous, has too many leaders and statesmen in it to permit a government on any policy. In much the same condition is the Con servative party, one faction of which is in possession of the government, and, of course. Is cordially hated by all other factions. Yet on one point there Is sub stantial agreement among them the "ins" and the "outs." Each and all hold that Colombia, as a "sovereign state," ought not to cede any territory for the canal, nor even to let It on long lease. Colombian statesmen of pro phetic soul are saying that the United States, If once allowed a footing, never will be dispossessed; and more, that ac quisition of territory for the canal by the United States will be but a begin ning, which will lead to absorption of the entire country. They see what Great Britain has done and Is doing wherever she can get a foothold; and they have no more confidence In the "American Anglo-Saxon," but even re card him as a more strenuous "ab sorber" than the English themselves, "Local statesmen would decline in Influ ence and importance in the presence of the authority of the United States, and revolutionary opportunities would be much abridged or cut off altogether. But how could the country fall Into the hands of the United States, if we should construct the canal? Only through the factional violence of the people of Colombia. "We should want peace; we should keep our obligations and should expect Colombia to keep hers. But the people of Colombia are so rent by the violence of revolutionary spirit that they are unable to maintain a government. Such government as they have is in the deepest pit of bank ruptcy. One dollar in gold will buy one hundred of its currency. The gov ernment is wholly unable to make war upon the revolutionists who are trying to overthrow it; and the revolutionists on their part declare they would have succeeded in their recent attempt but or the Interposition of the United States and the measures feeble as they were that our Government undertook for maintenance of peace on the isth mus. This incident has much increased the fear and distrust jof the United States. Tet the country is. so much In need of money that the Congress may p-atlfy the treaty and great effort doubt, less will be made to induce it to do so "Very probably, however, the ratification will be challenged by the opposition, even after the event; and trouble to the United States may arise from that quarter. It is asserted freely in Colom bia that the country will not receive any benefit from the millions paid by the United States, but the money will go to the enrichment of a favored few who have "claims" of various kinds, and who will see to it that the treaty shall not be ratified unless they first ob tain assurance that they will get the money which they claim the govern ment owes them. From these statements some inkling may be had of the "mess" we are likely to get into through our enterprise at Panama. In all probability we shall awake after & few years to a realization that we have on our hands one of these fermentations classified as "Spanish American republics." The basket-ball girls of the Fort Shaw (Mont.) Indian School are to be taken on an excursion to their homes on the Fort Belknap Indian reservation, where they will play an exhibition game be fore their parents and friends. The te pee Indians, as a rule, take very stolid ly the educational equipment which the Government bestows upon their chil dren, and make very little of it, but It Is thought that this exhibition will arouse the most indifferent among them to a realizing sense of the benefits of the system by which their daughters are inducted into the ways of clvlllza- lion. The domestic and social graces jEhlch- lhft-Jn ri fan . .girls acquire -during the four or more years spent at a Gov ernment industrial school may fall away from them when they are once more confronted by life and Its limita tions In the parental tepee, but It Is pretty safe to say that they will con tinue to play basket-ball for the edifi cation of the hapless members of their race who have been deprived of educa tional advantages. THE AN'TI IX RELIGIOX. The superior being to whom the ard ent patriot and the earnest saint are alike objects of patronizing commisera tion is not often rebuked to his facev His cult is select, his audience never large; and within those sacred precincts of self-sufficiency the enthusiastic be liever In anything at all seldom ven tures. Should he chance to hear in what low esteem he is held In the eye of the political or religious mugwump, he would .doubtless retreat in agitation. unhappy in the unfamiliar surroundings and hostile air. Not so, however, the Brooklyn Eagle, orthodox as to expan sion and the Evangelical faith. It takes umbrage at a recent clever utter ance of the New Tork Evening Post, reproduced in these 'columns, rebuking the "theological credulity." The Eagle refuses to be rebuked; and it makes bold to rebuke the rebuker, who with his fellows it terms "sons of unrest," and fearlessly asser.ts that the agnostic antls "would be happier, if they could believe more, or if they could cease from suspecting the sincerity or seren ity or intelligence of those who differ from them in religious views." And It emits this note of defiance: The assertion Is justified that orthodoxy Is far more liberal in its concessions to others than liberalism is to orthodoxy. We have met with more Intolerance in the name and In the camp of self-styled advocates of toleration than anywhere else. If not the property, it Is the propensity of much liberalism to be illib eral, of rrtany toleratlonlsts to be intolerant. Those who have observed the sweet ness and light with which orthodoxy was regarded by Thomas Paine and Colonel Ingersoll will be compelled to admit that there is some truth in this arraignment Fierceness of assault. however. Is not the agnostic's usual mood so much as pitying disdain; and it may be profitable to recall the fact that all fights worth while in this' world are "won by enthusiasts, and not by critics. "When a man arrives at the stage of civilization where it is appre hended that one's native land may not necessarily be the best on earth in all respects, and may in some aspects be even Inferior to others, then he is not the best material for the firing-line. No higher critic that we can now recall ever preached the gospel to the heathen or lambasted his rich but voluptuous pewholders from his pulpit? "Who would dare assert that the oversophlsticated cosmopolite is preferable to the un taught and untraveled gunner in his grime? "Who shall say that the agnos tic, with profound disbelief In anything but the lack of truth In the creeds and folly of religious zeal. Is happier than the poor widow giving in her mite, or the priest, at his living death among the lepers? It is the misfortune of the critic, In dispensable though he be, that he Is prone to be concerned too much with the blemishes of the altogether excel lent world in which we live. The sun Interests him chiefly for its spots. He can see nothing in the army in the Phil Ipplnes but the few errors of haste or Impatience. The wonderful book of Job Is nothing to'him except the complaint that it may have been drama instead of history. The- splendor of Isaiah is lost upon him in the reflection that more than one genius contributed to its lm mortal pages. The church is a human Institution, humanly imperfect, it is to be feared, humanly misguided at many times, humanly learning In 1903 that It didn't know everything In 1643. But theirs is a great mistake who fancy that its errors are all of the Bible, or that true religion is exemplified In the hypo crite. PASSING OF A LEGE.ijJ. There are yet persons who continue to assert that "Whitman saved Ore gon. with tnenv it is a matter or reel ing or sentiment, - not of historical evi dence. "Whitman was a pioneer. He came to the Oregon Country In 1836 He went back over the plains in 1842, making that famous "Winter ride," and returned to the Oregon Country with the great migration of 1843. To that migration his knowledge of the plains was an essential service. From these facts, and from the further fact that while in the East he spoke for Oregon, did all In his power to Interest Eastern people In Oregon, and urged the Government at "Washington to es tablish a chain of military posts on the plains for the protection of emigrants to Oregon, It is asserted that he "saved Oregon." "Whitman made these efforts; there is no question. But did he "save" Ore gon? That is, would Oregon have been lost to the United States but for "Whit man? But for "Whitman, would the united states nave surrendered or abandoned Oregon? On any historical basis there Is no reason to believe or to suppose anything of the kind. So far as the evidence goes, "Whitman's object In undertaking the "Winter ride" was to prevent aban donment by the missionary board of its work In Oregon. And against the as sumption that the Government at Wash ington was about to abandon Oregon, or even contemplated such step, the evidence is conclusive. On this subject there was no need of anxiety, for there was no danger. Even if Whitman be lieved there was danger, the case was not altered; only In that case we should give him credit merely for patriotic in tent, not for achievement The "Winter ride" was a performance of extraordinary courage and endur ance. Whitman doubtless thought It necessary. It was not so, but he thought It was else he wouldn't have undertaken It Was It for the mission? Whether the mission was important or not would depend on the way one looked at it or thought about it Was it to "save the country to the United States"? Then It was a misconception for there was no danger whatever that the United States would give up the country. Whitman, with all his courage and fortitude, was not a man of rational judgments. To this defect of his na ture himself and his family were finally sacrificed. On the roll of our pioneers his name has a high place and a per manent one; but the Whitman legend. that began to take form more than twenty years after his death, and has had a remarkable run, is fading away. For a while It contended for a place In history, but no longer holds Its ground. Historical writers throw it out of their recent editions. It Is held now only by persons fond of the marvelous, who are devoted to rlagaod and 2iero-worsbip, lack or put aside the historical spirit and refuse to revise their opinions. But as against history, the legend will not outlast the lives of those now de- otedto it FIRE ENGINES JUSTIFIED. j Every patriotic heart must rejoice that upon the President's return to "Washington the fire engines turned out to do him honor. "What would a Presl rentlal parade be. Indeed, without the fire department on Its shiny equipages, or the platoon of police at the head of the column to preserve order by Its very dignity? After having" seen so many fire engines, trucks and hosecarts on his trip, President Roosevelt and the secret-service men with him would have felt slighted not to have been re galed with the sight of the fire engines at the Capital City. If any have hesi tated at the good taste of trotting out fire engines for the edification of the President, and entertained misgivings at Its possible provincial character, they may now be reassured by the "Washing ton incident They had fire engines at the St Xiouls reception also, if we may believe the moving pictures; so that's all right "Washington has also set the seal of official approval, as It were, upon dis plays of the rising generation. The High School cadets turned out so that the President could see how well they could march. The dispatches do not inform us on this head, so we are left to the Inference that their deportment like the deportment of each and every participant in all these unpremeditated and guileless greetings to the Presi dent, was above reproach. Doubtless the commanding officers of our noble orders (off for the day by hiring a sub) were resplendent in scarlet and gold lace. "Woodmen carried their axes with Incredible grace and skill, to the pro found edification of the President Strong faces lit up With manly smiles as they thought of the appointments they might soon receive, and women rejoiced with great joy at the thought that the President had smiled on their child, and undoubtedly thought It the finest he had seen since he left "Wash ington. The success of the trip as a whole abundanly justified the enthusiastic and representative "Washington wel come. In the two months he was out the President traveled 14,000 miles and made 265 speeches. We betray no con fidence when we say that in this "length of time he participated in approximate ly 180 separate and distinct meals. viewed with Interest 7215 fire engines, smiled SSOS times, adverted to "substan tial oneness of the American people," 264; photographs collected, 10,233; grace fully acknowledged rough-rider yell, 654; joke about lrrigratlon (available only in the rain), 16; "very pleased to meet you," 82,709. Now that the "Wash ington people have all seen the Presi dent and satisfied themselves that he is the same man they have been accus tomed to see every day, let business go on as before. Time will heal the heart burnings caused by the fact that 1000 prominent citizens cannot all occupy the two seats reserved In the Presiden tial carriage. Time will dim the mem ory of button shoes lost to usefulness by an hour of dalliance In mud and water and Prince Alberts disfigured by Involuntary plunges down the sloping banks. IS INSANITY INCREASING! The bustle, the stirring, the noise In which we live, the anxieties that beset us and the microbes that menace; the stimulants that we use and the night reVels that we keep are these and kin dred attributes of modern life hurling us as a race and people into mental un balance which is the stepping-stone to insanity and the gateway to the lunatic asylum? Insanity, we are often told. Is increasing. Is this really true? And if true, is it due to the causes briefly summed up In the term "modern con dltlons of life"? Perhaps so, but it is a pleasure to doubt this statement and deny its premises. Looking about us, we find, it is true, that Insane asylums are crowded. But looking back, can we not recall the existence in every neigh Dornooa, mty years ago, oi persons who were adjudged "queer," who in the accepted language of the time and place had a "screw loose," or who had "wheels in their heads"? And do not the Insane asylums In their capacity as hospitals for the treatment of the mind diseased literally teem with insanity of this type? It is true that in the mass people use their brains more than they did in the less active stage of business competition and industry. This is unavoidable. since It requires more thought to run a combined reaper and thresher than to use a sickle, and after that a flail; greater development of intellectual pow ers to run an electric light plant than to mold tallow candles, and a larger degree of Intelligence to operate a creamery than to move the churn dasher up and down. But after all, the effect of use Is to strengthen, and not to weaken, and this may be held to ap ply to the brain as well as to the muscles. Take the typical farmer's wife in the more isolated districts of this state. Is it not the unvaried monotony of her ex istence, the general, lack of mental stimulus, combined with physical strain, sameness of diet and unrelieved ailments peculiar to her surroundings. that cause her to be represented so nu merously and hopelessly In the Insane asylum? If not these things, what Is it that causes so large a preponderance of farmers' wives in the female wards of the asylum? The strain of modern life In the great cities is tremendous. There is no doubt of that It is possible that this leads to the large addition to the list of nerv ous disorders in the wake of which has followed' an army of specialists who study and treat them. It is also pos sible that by making much of these disorders, naming them, classifying them and warning people against them that they have been" multiplied in im agination, if not in fact It is a famil iar saying that it is better to wear out than to rust out The exactions of modern life "are popularly supposed and by specialists declared to be ex hausting to the vital forces of mind and body. At the first glance we are inclined to coincide with this opinion but a little reflection induces doubt about the matter. Here is a woman well preserved at 60, who belongs to a Shakespeare class, reads Emerson, cod dies her grandchildren, is always at home to her husband, two years her senior- and still active In business; who Is president of a Lewis and Clark Club and Who Is In all ways companionable. There away back In the years Is her mother, drawing water out of a deep well to do the family washing, and doing it with many & monotonous rub, j shut out from social or intellectual life old at 40, "queer" at 50, tiresome and querulous five years later, and dead at 60, thus fortunately escaping consign ment to the Insane asylum. No doubt the first will in due time "wear out" since that Is the course of Nature, but the chances are more than even that she will at last serenely close her eyes. happy In retrospection and fearless of the future, while the last literally 'rusted out" so far as the exercise of her Intellect went and In dread of the beyond clung to the last to the poor subterfuge that had been "life" to "her. Against the assumption that insanity due to the conditions of modern life Is on the Increase is the fact that erratic members of the family are brought to the attention of physicians more fre quently than they used to be, and that many persons are now sequestered In, asylums who were formerly permitted to go at large.' Again, reliable statis tics showing the proportion of Insane 100 years ago are not obtainable, and a grand army, so to speak, of cranks, en thusiasts and simple-minded were then permitted to live outside of asylums who are now sequestered by their friends and the state. ' It Is reasonably certain that a return to old conditions, were that possible, would through the very tameness and monotony that would result be more disastrous to sanity through the discon tent engendered than Is the combina tion known as "modern conditions" and arraigned as the cause of mental mala dies. THE TAIL OF THE EMERSON KITE. The memory of Margaret Fuller and A. Bronson Alcott Is recalled by the re cent Emerson centennial. These per sons have no permanent place In Amer ican literature. They were both warm admirers and Intimate friends of Em erson, and are sure of enduring noto riety, because they were among the particolored rags that were include In the dragging, dusty tail of the Emerson kite. Nobody but Emerson could see anything in particular worthy of ad miration in Alcott, who was a tiresome old visionary. Nobody but Emerson could see anything In Margaret Fuller save scholastic arrogance and egotist ical pedantry. Alcott was so tiresome to Carlyle that he expostulated with Emerson for his extravagant estimate of him as a genuine seer. Margaret Fuller was educated by a father who was a thorough-going crank, and who, naturally enough, died Intestate and in solvent At the age of 6 Margaret Ful ler was studying "Latin; at 15 Greek, Italian and French; at 23 she was read ing Goethe, Uhland and Richter In Ger man. Of course, this forcing process gave the young girl more erudition than she could carry and digest and all her literary work Is crude, in thought and destitute of excellence In expression, There Is nothing in Margaret Fuller's published literary remains that Indi cates any notable Intellectual superior lty. There Is certainly no sparkle of genius In her work; no trace of a fine poetic imagination. She writes like a hard-working school teacher who was using acquirements in producing "pot boilers," so dull and so commonplace in their Information that work of her quality would not be accepted as a gift today by a leading American magazine like the Atlantic or the North Ameri can Review. She worked industriously on the New York Tribune under Horace Greeley, and he evidently did not re gard her as a person of superior liter ary gifts and powers. He thought her an honest, Industrious woman, fearless and sincere In both thought and expres slon. Nathanlal Hawthorne never con cealed his opinion that Margaret Fuller was a scholastic, pedantic woman, whose aspirations were supported by very moderate ability, and years after ward, on visiting Rome, he wrote com passionately of Margaret Fuller and her marriage to a cook who had the right to sport the title of Count OssolL James Russell Lowell laughs Inces santly at Margaret Fuller In his "Fable for Critics," and altogether, at this dis tance of time, there does not seem to be any adequate explanation of the en durance of Margaret Fuller's fame ex cept the fact that In life and death Em erson was always her friend, if not al ways her admirer, as he was of "Old Daddy" Alcott The explanation of Emerson's regard for her Is found In the fact that few men fail to surren der to the man or woman who at all times and seasons is their devout and sincere worshiper. Emerson, like his fellow-men, was not without his share of human weakness. Ho liked those who fondly accepted him as their one altogether lovely oracle, chief among ten thousand. He did not like Margaret at first but was naturally re pelled by the manner of a woman who averred that she "knew all the people worth knowing In America, and could find no Intellect, comparable to her own." But Margaret laid siege to Em erson, and did not conceal her good opinion of him until he surrendered, as he had to the worship of Alcott and Thoreau. Emerson never liked Haw thorne, because he saw that Hawthorne did not accept him as a teacher or oracle or defer to him as ah apostle. Hawthorne confessed that he did not care specially for Emerson's company, because to a man of Hawthorne's high er genius Emerson had nothing to offer. Such attachments are not without precedent In literature. Boswell, with out talents or learning or fine charac ter, captured Dr. Johnson because of his sincere admiration and reverence for that great man. Johnson's vanity was not proof against the ceaseless as saults of Boswell. The sincerity of Boswell captured Johnson, even as the sincere admiration of the Boston school mistress, who patronized Haw thorne and Lowell, captured Emerson. Emerson and Margaret Fuller first met In 1836, when he was but 33 and she was about seven years younger; but she did not become his devout disciple until a later date, when Emerson, through his famous address of 1837, became the prophet of transcendentalism. When the Brook Farm community was formed Parker and Emerson kept out of ft Parker had no faith in It because of his sturdy practical common sense, and Emerson had too fine a sense of humor to affiliate with such a nondescript col lection of reformers and candidates for reformation. Margaret Fuller had no sense of humor, but she took her cue from her great master and teacher. Era erspn, and kept out of the Brook Farm fiasco. In 1846 she went to Europe, and in Rome abruptly married after short acquaintance a handsome young Italian eight years her junior. Neither could speak the other's language, and Mar garet was about 38, a very plain, tact less woman. Her husband could legally claim the title of Count but his voca- tion was that of a cook. It was a stupid marriage, not because of the difference of age, but because her husband yould cava been in America, a social cipher In education, brains and tastes, compared with herself, and out of such a marriage not much could have been obtained, a fact that served some thing to soften the grief of her friends when she, with her husband and child, were all drowned in the wreck of the ship Elizabeth on Fire Island Beach In July, 1850. Had she arrived safe In America, she would have been obliged to support her husband and child, for he was Ignorant of our language and master of no calling save that of an ordinary cook. She Is a historical and literary figure of consequence only be cause Emerson graciously patronized her when she worshiped him. Her scholarship was exceptional among young women of her day; but in our day there are hundreds of American women who know more about Latin and Greek, Italian, German and French than did Margaret Fuller. The best American translation of Plato's version of the discourses of Socrates was done by a young woman, who earned this praise from Professor Goodwin, of Har vard. Pedagogue, egotist enthusiast, Margaret Fuller, measured by her liter ary remains, was nothing1 but an indus trious school teacher, who mistook mere scholastic learning for knowledge, aspi ration for ability, mental unrest for strong thought and who was not even master of a decent English style. But this comparatively commonplace wom an Insisted on taking the arm of Em erson all her days and posing as his sister In spiritual genius, and he felt too flattered to refuse her homage, but accepted It, saying by way of compen sation: "Thank you, Margaret; you're another." NOT AN ADMIRER OF JEFFERSON. A Democrat, in a three-column letter to the New York Sun, seeks to explain the fact that President Roosevelt, In hl3 discourse In St. Louis on the opening of the exhibition to celebrate the cen tennial anniversary of the cession of Louisiana, mentioned President Jeffer son only in an incidental and perfunc tory way, by saying that Mr. Roosevelt had expressed opinions as a historian that were embarrassing to him In his discharge of his recent function as President In his biography of Ben ton, Jefferson Is set down by Mr. Roose velt as "a scholarly, shifty and timid doctrinaire." In his sketch of Gouver- neur Morris he wrote that "excepting Jefferson, we have never produced an Executive more helpless than Madison when It came to grappling with real dangers and difficulties." In his "Winning of the West" Roose velt Insists that the Jay treaty of 1794 was necessary because of the refusal of Jefferson to advocate and stand by "a strong, efficient, central government, backed by a good fleet and a well-or ganized army." He asserts that "for the Incidents of shame and disgrace to America that attended the War of 1812 Jefferson and Madison have never re ceived a sufficiently severe condemna tion." Mr. Roosevelt further says that "the winning of Louisiana was due to no one man or set of men, and least of all to any statesman or set of states men." This quotation makes ?t clearly, evi dent that Historian Roosevelt did not like Thomas Jefferson; that he is dis posed to regard the cession by France of the great West beyond the Missis sippi as something which Jefferson never sought nor contemplated; that he only sought for New Orleans, and asked for It under pressure; that Napoleon thrust on Jefferson for a money price the whole of Louisiana; that so far as Jefferson is concerned the treaty of ces sion was only a "scratch"; that is, he played for the white ball and made the red, as they say In billiards. Granting that Historian Roosevelt still holds these opinions of Jefferson and of his responsibility for the cession of Louisiana, how could President Roosevelt do otherwise than allude to Jefferson in an incidental and perfunc tory way? He was not yet prepared to eat the words of Historian Roosevelt and yet he could not in courtesy to the people of St Louis and the whole Mississippi- Valley, on .a nonpartisan oc casion, revive a historical controversy. He compromised the difficulty by saying nothing that could be construed into partisan depreciation of Jefferson's au thorship of the cession of Louisiana. He preferred as President to be courte ous rather than controversial; and now the Democratic lawyer, falling to ap preciate the fact that the President could not afford to be disingenuous pr discourteous, and therefore was silent when he could not admire or approve, asks: Why have the unhampered Democratic edi tors and war horses of the country tolerated such putting aside of Jefferson when celebrat ing the centennial anniversary of the signa ture of his treaty of cession of Louisiana? Where are the Democratic societies and their orators "who keep Jefferson's birthday? Where are the Inheritors and vindicators of Jeffer son's fame? THE RULING STOCK. The ruling stock at the East mean ing by that the North Atlantic seaboard states has been chiefly of New Eng land origin; that Is, it was either New England born and bred or of New Eng land ancestry by one remove. The great inen of business affairs, of polit ical genius, of judicial learning, of pul pit eloquence, In New England and the Middle States, have been natives of New England or the sons of natives of that section. The ablest representative of Pennsylvania In public life during the last half century was Thad Stevens, a New England Yankee, who persuaded that sluggish state to put its free schools .firmly on their feet The ablest editor In the high intellectual sense of that term that New York City ever pro duced was Horace Greeley, a New Hampshire Yankee. New York's most gifted poet and man of letters fifty year ago was William Cullen Bryant a Massachusetts' Yankee. The leader of the bar of New York in his prime, Will- lam M. Evarts, was a New England Yankee; and if we go back to the earli est days of the Republic, Benjamin Franklin, of Pennsylvania, and Rufus King, of New York, were New England born and bred. Aaron Burr was the grandson of New England Yankees, Silas Wright was New England born and bred, of quite as humble birth and antecedents as Daniel Webster, the New Hampshire born and bred Yankee who became the brightest rose in the chaplet of fame of Massachusetts. It may not Te denied that Nefr Eng land born and bred men, or men of New England born and bred parent age, have been the most powerful in tellectual force in the civilization of the North Atlantic seaboard states, and It would not be difficult to prove that the strongest men in the civilization of the Middle West have been men of New England birth and breeding or have been ckildrea of men of New England -birth and breeding. So powerful for good or evil has been the Intellectual force of New England that able for eigners who have visited the United States have said that the most power ful force In the civilization of the United States Is New England, which has been to the whole country what Paris Is to France. But this was said fifty years ago, when the Nation was of smaller population and of less high ly developed civilization. If It was ever true,, it is not true today; and, even if we grant that it may still be true to day, It Is sure not to be true tomorrow. Why? Because the New England Yan kee has emigrated to the Middle West, the Rocky Mountain States or the Pa cific Coast, and the Yankee, as a dis tinct, peculiar Intellectual force. Is be coming fast replaced by men of foreign birth of various nationalities. The Yankee farmer's place is gradual ly being usurped by Poles, who are everywhere In evidence, underselling the Yankee farmer at every point. These Poles, who have bought farms, work well, live cheaply, and are able to undersell every Yankee farmer, who has been raised to live well and employ help at good wages. Clarence Deming, of Connecticut, writing In the Independ ent, confesses that the old Yankee farmers are being replaced rapidly by people of foreign stock brought hither by Immigration. The resuscitation of New England Is approaching, but it In volves the building up of a "new composite-form race." The flight of the New England farmers to the West cut down the price of their abandoned farms so low that thrifty foreigners bred to agriculture have been attracted to these cheap lands, have acquired them by purchase, and are now prov ing that New England farming can be made prosperous again by renewal of the old-time Industry, thrift and self- denial, the old economy and hard work which originally made New England's hard soil, when "tickled by the hoe, laugh with a harvest" Swedes, Ital ians, Germans and Irishmen are begin ning to reclaim these old farms, but the most recent Immigrant to enter upon these "abandoned" farm lands Is the Russian Hebrew. The Swede Is the most successful farmer of all these na tionalities; he is industrious, Intelligent and religious. The Italian comes next. but he Is oftener-a "truck" and sub urban farmer than he Is an upland ag riculturist The German 13 industrious, but a free liver; while the Irishman is often as successful as the Swede in re claiming the run-down farm. Roman Catholic churches are growing rapidly In many New England farm towns where once were found only Protestant churches. The old Yankee farmer, a man of energy and elevation of character, Is becoming extinct In New England, and the natural question is whether the new race of New England farmers of other blood will prove worthy success ors. Why not? Americans of great eminence and patriotism have been for eign born and bred or have been the children of foreign born and bred pa rents. Albert Gallatin, the ablest financier of our Republic under Jeffer son and Madison, was a Swiss. The fa mous orator and jurist, William Wirt was born of Swiss parents. Alexander Hamilton was born and bred in the British West Indies; Carl Schurz was born In Germany. One of the Senators from Minnesota is a Scandinavian; ex Governor Llnd, of the same state, is a Scandinavian; Thomas Addis Emmet was an Irish political exile. Of the ability of the Irishman, the German, the Swede or the Hebrew rapidly to afHliate with American political Insti tutions and social life there Is no doubt The assimilative quality of the Italian and the Hungarian has yet to be proved, but there Is no doubt that they will easily conform themselves to new political and social environment The New England stock will then no longer rule the political life of the North Atlantic seaboard states. It no longer rules the great New England city of Boston or the great City of New York. This means that in another cen tury the ruling stock of the North At lantic States will be Catholic rather than Protestant In religion, and demo cratic rather than conservative In polir tics. The New England stock will con tinue to rule for the present, as it does today, in the great states of the Middle West Nevada, for years scorched by bitter sarcasm and hot winds, Is said to have entered upon an era of marked develop ment Its mineral output has shown a substantial Increase In recent months, Its population Is Increasing, and large areas of Its arid lands are being made productive by means of Irrigation. It is one of the states that offers Induce ments to capital only, and has no place for the man looking for a homestead or for work, skilled or. unskilled, outside of Its mines. The soil Is fertile when wa tered, but barren of everything except sage and cacti under the hot sun and blasting winds of the desert It cannot be doubted that, "properly devised and applied, irrigation will make this wil derness blossom as the rose, and it Is pleaslrig to note that some Teally com prehensive Irrigation schemes are now In prospect 1 Et In progress, in the state. Now that the legal path is cleared, let the promoters of the Hillsboro electric road show that they are In earnest If the men behind It are really the Indiana lnterurban railroad-builders, as has been seml-officially announced, Port land is likely to profit by their enter prise. These men are certain to extend the road wherever there Is traffic In sight In this case they cannot stop south of Corvallls. Every farm within three miles of the road will have added value. The "only interest to be adverse ly affected Is the Southern Pacific, and its earnings will Increase "in the long run "by reason of added development Light is occasionally thrown upon the domestic problem by experiments In ad vertising. An example of this was cited recently by the Memphis Commercial Appeal, as follows: "A Westerner who advertised recently for a cook and music teacher got nine answers to the former and 3S9 to the latter. The natu ral Inference Is that anybody can teach music, while It reauires ability or a high order to cook victuals." Says the Phllipsburg Mail: "When the robber Instinct is once fastened upon a man, It Is mighty hard to jar it loose." In evidence of this well-proven fact Is cited the announcement that Cole Younger will run a restaurant in St Louis during the great fair. At Pendleton the other day Judge Ellis adjourned the State Circuit Court so that all hands could witness a base ball match. Interest in the National game in Umatilla may fee said ta have reached the acute stage. NOTE AND COMMENT. A Tragedy la One Act. Smart youth--duck. pants Sprinkling cart. Wet youth goes home Tot so smart. In Jane. The happy Jone-tld days have come. The gladdest of the year. They're not too warm for whisky punch. And warm enough for beer. "Hon- Would Yoa Like to Be the t Dante descended into the 215th pit of torment; and stood wondering at the as tonishing spectacle that was bared be fore his eyes. There, chained to base ball bleachers, to street cars, to telegraph poles and to a thousand other things, were countless human beings, in the last stages of collapse from the great heat They were striving and rending their chains In vain efforts to break loose from their fastenings, and all seemed to bo endeavoring to reach a central point 4n the pit Dante gazed at the central point for a moment and his mystification was in creased. There were counters covered with glasses of lemonade, beer. Ice water, iced tea and countless other cool , and re freshing beverages. In fact, this point seemed to be a representation of every thing that was cool and sparkling. Dante was awed at the punishment in flicted on the human beings, chained as they were, and he inquired, with bated breath, what had been the enormous crime which merited such punishment - The guide pointed to a large sign on the wall. It read: Here Are Chained Those "Who Always Ask: "Is It Hot Enough for You?" Our 100.1 Exposition Stnmps. WASHINGTON, D. C, June 6.-(By Tireless "Telegraph.) Despite the multi tude of reports that have been sent from this city concerning the present condition of affairs In the Postofflcc De partment there has been some work ac complished during the past few weeks beside looting the public treasury. Cor ruption and scandal have not entirely blocked the wheels of Uncle Sam's depart ment though this is an assertion that will doubtless cause a feeling akin to surprise among those who are less familiar with the real existing-conditions. The most important piece of postofflco work that has been finished since the be ginning of the year has been the com pleting of the designs for the special series of stamps to be Issued for the 1903 fair at Portland in commemoration of the memorable trip of Lewis and Clark to the Oregon country. These stamps will be beautiful to a degree that will surpass anything that the Government has ever heretofore attempted In the sticker line. The 1-cent stamp will be a delightful sea green in color, and will bear a mag nificent portrait of Dan McAHen in all his glory. Mr. McAlIen has ordered an advance supply of 100,000 copies, which he will distribute to his friends on the day the Exposition opens Its doors. The 2-cent variety will be embellished with an etching of the Portland flre boat, done in some characteristic "fire color, probably red. The picture will represent tne DOUt 1H !U.UV cuBOStmciit t-ki""- gulshlng a blaze at Mount Tabor. Owing to the scarcity of water In the locality l -lVi lnnnr m fin f ntlH Irm- blllty of any boat to ever reach the spot without aid, the flreboat has been equipped with wheels in the painting. The 3-cent value will portray the Port land Browns and the Greengages en gaged In mortal combat At the top In vignette will be small portraits of Jack Marshall and Jack Grim, in loving em brace. The color will be yellow, to char acterize the quality of ball played by the teams. The 4-cent stamp will show President Roosevelt laying the cornerstone for the Lewis and Cark monument The stamp will be done In water color. The 5-cent will be graced with a life sized portrait of Hon. John Barrett, done in oils. Color, pearl gray. Above Mr. Barrett's head will be placed a golden halo. The G-ceut denomination will have a pic ture of the firebug. This will also be done in red. The 10-cent stamp will show Portland's magnificent system of street sprinklers, and will be printed in a dusty brown color. The 12-cent will show Hon. Jefferson Myers, of Salem, in a true Democratic attitude. In case Mr. Myers declines to be portrayed, Colonel Frank Parker, of Walla Walla, will be shown.- The 13-center will show a panoramic view of Seventh street In mid-Winter, with sportsmen shooting ducks In the background. The color will be funeral black. Many other attractive designs .were furnished to the department for the se lection, and it was only after great diffi culties that a proper array of like nesses and pictures was decided upon. In view of the fact that more values may be decided upon, the department do signer Is at work on more subjects, which may be announced at any moment The Deadly PI Line. Inland Printer. Some fiendish printer is my secret foe. On the top floor. He has a trick that fills me up with woo And oaths galore. I wrote a sonnet to my lady's hair. And said that "only with It can compare etaoln 6hrdlu cmfwyp vbgkqj xrflfltcm This made me sore. A thrilling romance, too. I penned one day. On the last page The villain told why he did seek to elay Sir Durivage. "I sought his life." quoth he, "not in the fray. But helmet off. because he once did say: at,.lr( fgalfllrxs9m3g. llgaimhtcelunlflr ga That made me rage. And forthwith to the editor I wrote. With angry pn. Correcting the mistake in a brief note Of how and when Twas printed; yet an added horror smote. As over the correction I did gloat: MUST All Eds A J T Bury on Inside page I was mad then. Could I hut have this wretch to work my will For one short hour. I'd boll him In hot pitch, or. better still. Had I the power. Above the fiery furnace have him grill. Able alone to shriek In wordless will: vbgkqj cmfwyp shrdl etaoln shrdlu tao," Forevermore. Oh! That We Two Were Maying". Charles Kjngsley. Ohl. that we two were Maying Down the stream of the soft Spring breeze; Like children with violets playing In the shade of , the whispering trees. Oh! that we two sat dreaming On the sward of "soma sheep-trimmed do"vn. Watching the white mist streaming Over river and mead and town. Ohl that we two lay sleeping In our nest in the churchyard sod. With our limbs at rest on the quiet earth's breast. And oar souls at home wtUr Coil