The Sunday Oregonian., August 17, 1902, Page 4, Image 4

THE SUM) AY OKBGONIAN, POETLA AUGUST' 17, 1902.
Entered at the PoatoBlce at Portland. Oregon,
as second-class matter.
REVISED SUBSCRIPTION' RATES.
By Mail (cos tare prepaid, in Advance)
Iall', with Sunday, per month $ 85
Eaily, Sunday excepted, per year......... 7 50
Daily, with Sunday, per year.. 9 00
Sunday, per year - 2 00
The Weekly, per year.. ...... ............. 1 50
The Weekly, 3 months 50
To City Subscribers
Dally, per week, delivered, Sunday excepted.ISc
ally, per week, delivered, Sundays included.20c
POSTAGE RATES.
Tnlted States, Canada and Mexico:
10 to 14-page paper..' .r.-i..lc
14 to 2S-page paper -. 2c
foreign rates double.
News or discussion intended for publication
In The Oregronlon should bo addressed invaria
bly "Editor The Orcgpnlan." not to the name
of any individual. Letters relating to adver
tising, subscriptions or to Any business matter
should bo addressed simply "The Oregonlaa."
Eastern Business Office, 43. 44. 45, 47. 48, 40
Tribune building, New Tork City; '510-11-12
Tribune building, Chicago; the S. C. Beckwith
Special Agency, Eastern representative.
For salo in San Francisco by L. E. X.ee. Pal
lace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros.. 235
Butter street; F. W. Pitts. IOCS Market street;
J. K. Cooper Co., 740 Market street, near the
Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry news
'stand; Frank Scott. .80. Ellis street, and 2.
.Wheatley. 813 Mission street.
, For sale in Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner,
C59 South Spring street, and Oliver & Haines,
(B05 South Spring street.
For sale In Kansas City, Mo., by Bicksecker
Cigar Co.. Ninth and Walnut streets.
For sale In Chicago by tbo P. O. News Co.,
217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald,
63 Washington street.
For sole In Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1012
jFaraam street; Megeoth Stationery Co., 1808
iFarnam street.
I For sale in Salt Lake by tho Salt Lake News
' Co., 77 West Second South street.
For sale In Minneapolis by R- G. Hears ey &
:Co., 24 Third street South.
I For sale in Washington, D. C, by the Ebbett
(House news stand.
For sale In Denver. Colo., by iiamuwn a
feendrick. 000-912 Seventeenth street Louthan
& Jackson Book & Stationery Co., 10th and
Lawrence streets: A. Series. SUteenth and
Curtis streets.
TODAY'S WEATHER Partly clondy, .with
tshowers. Slightly warmer. Westerly winds,
pair and warmer Monday.
, TESTERD AT S WEATHER Maximum tem
jperature, C5 deg.; minimum temperature, C3
jdeg.; precipitation. .42 inch.
PORTLAND, SUNDAY, AUGUST 17.
J THE BLACK MAN'S OPPORTUNITY.
A convention of "educated negroes"
(held last week at Atlanta so far
'confessed the failure of education as
'a panacea, for the grievances of the
! black race in America as to call for
'new and expanded, schemes of intel
lectual culture and to protest against
the attitude of the country toward the
Educated man of color. There were ad
dresses innumerable before this con
vention, which ran. in several sections
through several days, but, as we find
the proceedings reported, there was but
a single suggestion md that cold
ly received that the better fortune of
the black race in this country Is not to
come through its entrance Into the
higher spheres of life, but through ac
ceptance of an Industrial career, with
increasing efficiency In It as the result
of experience and training. This is the
view of the negro question taken by
Professor "Washington and reasserted
by him at Atlanta for the hundredth
time, but it finds small favor among
the "educated" section of the black
race, whose ambitions still turn toward,
the unattainable.
The failure of intellectual education
to Improve practically the condition and
status of the negro is due to two gen
eral causes. First, the negro, broadly
speaking, has yet to acquire the foun
dation of moral qualities which would
enable him to make head in competi
tion, with the white race, even If social
conditions and traditions did not raise
an impassable barrier against him. No
race taken from barbarism and carried
through the stress of several genera
tions of slavery can have the qualities,
moral and mental, required to meet
successfully in general competition a
body of people like the Americans. The
thing is out of reason. Now and again
there rises among the negroes a superior
man, like Fred Douglass or Booker
Washington, but this proves nothing,
since the capabilities of a race are not
to be measured by its exceptional, but
iby its average man.
But If the negro were entirely capable,
If in every way he measured up to the
quality of the white man, he would still
fail in the so-called higher spheres of
effort by reason of the social bar im
posed by his color. There is, in truth,
no place In our system for the educated
negro. The professions are closed to
him, for not even his own people will
employ a black lawyer or a black doc
tor. A general business career la closed
to him becausebuslness men will not
tglve him fellowship or the credit which
Is essential to a successful career In
tousiness. No employment involving
authority over others is open to him,
lnce white men will not take orders
ifrom a black man. The large field of
the salesman is closed against him be
cause no storekeeper would risk putting
black men behind his counters. The
mechanical trades at least In the
North are prohibited to him because
.white workmen will not accept him as
an associate. It Is easy to say that there
is no justice in all this, that it ought
not to be. that a man's a man for a'
that But this does not alter the fact,
Jt does not open doors that stand closed,
it does not make a place for the black
man. And, curiously enough, there Is
practically least room for the negro in
that part of the country where talk of
Justice and abstract rights is loudest.
New England, always ready to defend,
the rights of the black man on paper,
debars him from all but the so-called
menial pursuits; and the very philan
thropists who denounce the, carpenter
and the plumber for not making place
in their own ranks for him would be
shocked and Indignant if It were pro
posed to employ a; black professor in
Harvard College.
And, since there is no place In the
so-called higher occupations for the
black man, it is manifestly a mistaken
policy to prepare him by education and
the cultivation of his tastes for these
occupations. To go on year after year
turning out classes of black men and
women trained for professional duties
and ambitious in professional lines
when there is no work for them to do,
no possible chance for them to exercise
their skill or find response to their
hopes. Is both ridiculous and crueL And
yet this is precisely what a mistaken
philanthropy is doing in many -parts
of the South. The Southern people, who
know the negro best and who have to
bear directly the burden which his
presence creates, have counseled and
protested against this folly In vain; the
bigoted and willful Northern philan
thropist heeds not this protest, but per
sists in a course which Increases the
pretensions of the negro while doing
nothing to enlarge his opportunities.
Booker Washington alone is on the
right track. His aim is not to make
a scholar or a professional man of the
negro, but to qualify him for the work
which lies Immediately at his hand.
The road to public respect and consid
eration, he says, lies through individual
efficiency. No man and no race, he
points out, will stand longvdlecredlted
and unrecognized If it is able to give
to the community in which It lives
something requisite for Its comfort or
well-being. And upon this basis' of the
ory he urges the negro to learn and
practice the simple domestic arts which
make men black as well as white
useful and necessary, even- though hum
ble, members of society. His advice to
his own race is to abandon pretensions
of social equality which can yield noth
ing but disappointment and bitterness,
and to be content-with the privilege of
earning a livelihood by such labors as
fall to their hands, taking care that
thoroughness and fidelity shall mark
every day's work. Better counsel than
this could not be conceived. It Is found
ed, upon a sound understanding of the
character and position of the black
man and upon a wise consideration of
his opportunities and his welfare.
AGNOSTICS AND ESTHETES.
The Protestant world seems to be di
vided between the drift to agnosticism
and an increasing tendency toward me
dievalism. The great scientific investi
gator and teacher. Professor Huxley,
coined the word agnostic, one who docs
not know, to express his attitude toward
orthodox religion. Neither affirming
nor denying the existence of God or the
validity of the claims made for Christ
and his miracles, Huxley held that faith
in God or Christ is without foundation,
inasmuch as it is incapable of positive
proof. Beplylng to a letter written to
him by Charles Kingsley, Huxley said:
... To begin with, tho great doctrine you
discuss, I neither deny nor affirm tho immor
tality of man. I see no reason for believing
In It, but on the other hand I see no means
of disproving It . . . The longer I live the
more obvious it Is to me that the most sacred
act of a man's life Is to say and feel, "I
believe such and such a thing to be true,"
. . . The universe is pne and the same
throughout; and if the condition of my success
in unraveling some little difficulty In anatomy
or in physiology is that I shall rigorously
refuse to put faith In that which does not
rest on sufficient evidence, I cannot believe
that the great mysteries of existence will be
laid open to mo on other terms. It is no uso
to talk to mo of analogies and probabilities.
In spite of this letter, Huxley re
tained all his life the warm friendship
of Canon Kingsley and Dean Stanley,
of the English Church. He opposed the
burial of George Eliot in Westminster
Abbey on the ground that "those who
elect to be free In thought and deed
must not hanker after the rewards
which the world offers to thoso who put
up with Its fetters." Huxley's standard
of life was expressed In his epitaph
upon Henslow: "He had Intellect to
comprehend his highest duty distinctly,
and force of character enough to do
it" It is clear from this description
of Huxlej that the great agnostic was
in no sense identified with epicurean
sensualists, who are mere indifferents
so far as religion isconcerned, for Hux
ley was the most upright most humane
and'unselfish of men at home or abroad.
"If I am to be remembered at all," he
Bays, "I should like to be remembered
as one who did his best to help the
people." He loved art, music and lit
erature, and, although the child of no
college, he could read Homer and Dante
in the original, and Shakespeare, Milton
and Shelley were as familiar to him as
household words.
So great and beneficent a life is suffi
cient answer to those who speak con
temptuously of the great agnostic as a
man without faith; he had faith enough
in the worth of all noble things that
are difficult but he would not pretend
to affirm what he could not prove, nor
deny what he could not disprove. Thou
sands of thoughtful men, both within
and without the ranks of churchgoers,
doubtless stand today with Huxley, rev
erently confessing that they do not
know. Such a thinker as Huxley Is in
valuable when, in his controversy with
Mr. Gladstone about the story of the
devil's entering the swine, he said It
was not a question of the swine, but
whether men of the nineteenth century
were to adopt the demonology of the
first century as divinely revealed truth
or as degrading falsity.
The influence of Huxley, Darwin,
Spencer and Tyndall in developing the
drift to rationalism within the Protes
tant Church during the last half cen
tury has been very great, and Is not
yet nearly exhausted. It Is offset some
what, however, by an Increasing tend
ency toward medievalism within more
than one of the Protestant Churches.
Bishop Huntington, of the Episcopal
dlosese of Central New York, in a
recent letter rebukes his clergy for their
rising sympathy with the so-called rit
ualistic party, or the party in the
church which is approximating to Rome
in its doctrine and practice. This rit
ualistic party holds to the doctrine of
the real presence, believes in the admin
istration of the .viaticum and use of
incense. The Roman Catholic clergy re
proach these ritualists with inconsist
ency, insincerity and self-stultification.
These ritualists hold that the holy com
munion described in the thirty-nine ar
ticles is a veritable sacrifice, and not
a mere commendation of Christ's
death. That Is, they believe In the real
presence, "the body of our Lord Is a
true object of worship." Their numbers
and relative strength in the church Is
increasing. The popular drift too. Is
toward a splendor of ritual. The Ro
man Catholic critics condemn these
ritualists as religious outlaws from the
Episcopal Church, and bluntly tell them
that If they want to be Catholics they
will have to go over to the Church of
Rome without reservation.
The Rev. Dr. Da Costa, who a few
years ago left the Episcopal Church for
that of Rome, holds to the same view,
but the great body of the increasingly
numerous ritualistic-clergy remainand
defend their position as sustained by
rules, doctrines, usages and traditions
of the Epicopal Church. Doubtless
these clergymen are sincere enough, but
the increasing popularity of the splen
dor of ritualism shows a seeming re
ligious tendency to medievalism whdse
impulse Is probably drawn largely from
esthetlcism. A sincere theological stu
dent might be as sincere a ritualist as
Pusey or Keble, but ritualistic features,
which have been introduced even in
Baptist, Methodist and Presbyterian
churches, are popular with a great
many persons who are more sensitive to
the appeal of estheticlsm than they are
to the stir of any new and deep relig
ious convictions. It Is a noteworthy
fact that not only 19 ritualism growing
rapidly in power and social prestige In
this country, but so Is the Roman
Church. The sanction of wealth and
fashion is already with ritualism In the
Episcopal Church, and Is coming- rap
Idly to the Church of Rome in America.
The prediction of Cardinal Newman
Is coming true; Protestantism Is becom
ing divided Into agnostics and ritual
ists, and the sincere ritualists are sure
ultimately to go over to Rome.'The
Insincere ritualists, who are onjy es
thetes or religious Indifferents, will
maintain 'gilded pagodas for the enter
tainment of rich and, fashionable congregations.
THE 3IODERN CIRCUS.
The modern circus In Its size, variety
of entertainment excellence of organ
ization and admirable transportation
arrangements is a gradual evolution
from very small beginnings. The ex
hibition of wild beasts matched in com
bats with wilder men was a kind of
popular entertainment greatly relished
by the brutal populace of Rome, and Its
modern survival Is found In the bull
fights of Spain. Chariot races were of
very great antiquity in Greece and
Rome. . The Illuminated books of the
Middle Ages include dancing bears, and
in more than one of his plays Shakes
peare refers to "the dancing horse"
whose intelligence seems to have
equaled that of the "learned pig" seen
so often at rural fairs in our own day.
Shakespeare makes Trinculo In "The
Tempest" say that If he had Caliban
in England every holiday fool would
give him it piece of silver to see him,
since there the people, "when they
will not give a doit to relieve a lame
beggar, will lay out ten to see a dead
Indian."
At the court of Philip, Duke of Bur
gundy, in the sixteenth century, on holi
days the spectacles Included .wild beasts
from Asia and Africa belonging to the
Duke. There were giants and dwarfs
and clowns, too, in the sense of profes
sional jesters, like Costard in "Love's
Labor Lost," like the clowns in "As
You Like It" and "Twelfth Night," and
the fool In "Lear." Tricks of sleight-of-hand
and legerdemain were per
formed at these old-time fairs; acro
bats and contortionists were common.
There was hardly any single feature of
the modern circus that was not dis
played to the public, but there was no
combination, no aggregation of won
ders of all sorts, such as we find In a
first-class modern circus.
The modern circus In its organization
and variety of detail belongs to the nine
teenth century. England's first great
modern circus was displayed by Astley
in the years following the 'close of the
Napoleonic wars, and Franconl was the
first to .glye Pars a circus of modern
variety of excellence. The exhibitions 1
of animals and circus performances
were small and trivial In America until
about 1830, when the first American cir
cus of modern quality began to travel
over the country. Of course, the best
American circus of even Barnum's day
was not equal to the best American cir
cus of tho present date, for the vast
improvement in railway transportation
makes a more finely appointed circus
organization possible, and the stocking
or restocking of a menagerie is a thing
of far easier accomplishment
The popularity of the circus Is due to
the fact that it is attractive to all.
classes of people, from the top to the
bottom of the social ladder. The pious
and sedate delight In the menagerie; the
volatile and profane find comfort In the
feats of horsemanship, in the acrobatic
and gymnastic feats and. In the horse
play, wit and humor of the clown. Peo
ple are always seen at a circus that
never visit a church, or a political
meeting, or even a theater. The expla
nation is found in the fact that it is
much easier to persuade a man to pay
a shilling for amusement than it Is to
make him pay-a penny for Instruction
or information. This Is due something
to the frivolity of human nature, but
quite as much to the desire of weary
people for pure diversion which does not
oblige them to think hard. Something
of the charm of the circus Is due to the
passion of humanity to see the unusual,
the unexpected; to see something done
that only the exceptional man can do;
the passion for the circus is akin to
the interest taken in wonder books, sen
sational stories, eta Everybody goes
to the circus. People that have not
been seen in Pprtland for a year will
be as numerous at the circus as toads
ia the grass after a rain. The circus
is a magnet that draws the most con
firmed hermit of the woods out of his
hut and persuades him to make an
annual pilgrimage to the canvas palace
that seemed to him In his youth a
wonderland Inhabited by. rough riders
witching his eyes with noble horseman
ship. Everybody admires a fine horse
and fine equestrianism, and so the cir
cus appeals to moro sides of humanity
than any other form of entertainment.
It doesn't, take any learning 'to ap
preciate and enjoy a circus; the most
Illiterate as well as the most Intelligent
man can enjoy it. Pious or profane,
good or evil. Ignorant or intelligent,
young or old, man or woman, the circus
by Its versatile combination of amuse
ment with Instruction manages to please
them all. Its universal 'popularity Is
proof that in the wisest and oldest of
men there always survives something
of the child.
AN OUTRAGEOUS INFLATION JQB.
In this day of expansion in capital
ization great things are looked for,
but the financial readjustment of the
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad
Is a little In advance of any other ex
pansion deal yet suggested. Here was
a railroad system with a face capital
of $75;000,000. By recent manipulation
the price of the stock was pushed up
to 200, though It would not stay there.
Taking this extreme valuation as a
basis, the real capitalisation of the Rock
Island could be counted at $150,000,000.'
It would not have been regarded as
much out of the way If an adjustment
had been arranged recognizing the true
value of trie property at something like
$150,000,000. But even that would have
represented a great amount of Inflation
arioa heavy discounting of the future.
The people who control that ad
mirable railroad, however, conceived
and carried into effect the audacious
plan of putting the property on a bads
of $202500,000 a clean lift of $127,500,000.
To do this they organized a holding
corporation in New Jersey, the political
effect of which move will Inevitably be
to weaken the railroad in the consider
ation of the governing forces of the
states in which it does business. It will
no longer be regarded as a local enter
prise, but as a foreign trust The new
adjustment Is so planned that the old
owners of the railroad will retain con
trol, even after selling the property as
represented in stocks and bonds for
more than they paid for It, for owner
ship of but $27,001,000 of the total face
capital of $202.500,0PO will be sufficient
for control. Aside from the exorbitant
Inflation represented In the new ar
rangement the most notable feature is
the ease with which It enables the old
owners to sell the road, and still retain
it Of course, the Immorality of the
device Is not permitted to weigh against
it provided the public can be induced
to buy the stock and securities.
THE IMPENDING COAI FAMINE.
There Is sure to be a coal famine on
the North Atlantic seaboard this Win
ter. The Pennsylvania state inspect
ors report that, a full resumption
of coal mining is not possible within
this year, even should the .strike
close at once. The tendency of
coal prices will be upward Instead
of downward far Into the Winter, for
the mines as a rule will be able to
produce little coal for at least two
months after the resumption of work.
Some of the mines will require four
months of repairing before coal can be
turned out The coal operators refuse
to recognize the union, and refuse to
arbitrate through the Civic Federation.
The public call upon the operators to
start up the mines, but the mines con
tinue idle. for the operators rely on
the needs of the men to bring the strike
to an end. These combined coal operat
ors are In possession of the fuel supply
needed by millions of people in the cities
of the Northeastern States. They have
refused to arbitrate their dispute with
their miners; they have forced the pres
ent strike; they make no effort to re
sume the mining of coal.
The present situation is most deplor
able. The people are helpless before
this- private mbnopoly of a necessary of
life, and the Government state and
National, Is powerless to relieve the peo
ple from the tyranny of corporations
which the Government has created. And
this situation Is likely to continue arid
to be repeated until .the people have
pluck and brains enough to assert the
paramountcy of the public welfare and
enact compulsory arbitration. When
both parties to a great labor quarrel
refuse to favor compulsory arbitration,
It makes the public ejaculate, iA plague
on both your houses."
The very latest news from New Zea
land is that its compulsory arbitration
experiment is being extended, so that
the act now Includes labor engaged In
the distributing trades, such as sailors,
cartmen, tramdrlvers, etc As the re
sult of this extension, some eighty-five
industrial unions have been registered
the past eight months, the workmen
In the distributing trades hastening to
entitle themselves to the privileges- af
forded by the enlargement of the scope
of the compulsory arbitration law.
This action fit the worklngmen of New
Zealand, where compulsory arbitration
has had eight years of legal life, ought
to be an instructive lesson to the labor
leaders In the United States, "who are
hostile to this method of settling Indus
trial disputes. The corporation that
has a private monopoly of an article
of fuel refuses to arbitrate, refuses to
work its mines; the miners, who are
being starved Into surrender, suffer; the
public welfare, which is paramount
suffersj)y the refusal to mine coal, and
the only effective cure for this situation,
both for the workmen, whose offer to
arbitrate has been refused, and for the
public, who are threatened with a coal
famine this Winter. Is compulsory ar
bitration. If English-speaking workmen wel
come compulsory, arbitration after eight
years' experience in New Zealand, sure
ly American miners need not fear to
give it a trial in a land where the work
Ingman's ballot creates directly or Indi
rectly the judiciary, high and low. The
corporations will always be successful
despots and extortioners In their atti
tude to the worKIngman and the public
until they are forced by law to arbitrate
their Industrial disputes with their em
ployes. SOLDIER AND JESTER.
A, notable man died cn- the 6th Inst
In Brattleboro, Vt. in the person of
Colonel George W. Hooker. He was not
without distinction in military or civil
life. He was In every great battle of
the Army of .the Potomac, from Antie
tam to- the final operations before Rich
mond, In April, 1865, when, as Lieutenant-Colonel
on the staff of General Dev
ens, he organized the Union column
that occupied the city; he had previ
ously served on the staff of General
George J. Stannard at Gettysburg and
Cold Harbor. The notable thing about
Colonel Hooker during his four years of
service In the Army was 'that he was
always at his- place- on the firing line;
was not seldom wounded, and always
came up smiling, no matter what hap
pened. He was a perennially light
hearted, bubbling Jester; a splendid sol
dier In action.
Good fighters are not seldom" men of
keen wit and bitter jest, but Hooker
was a kindly, tender-hearted, amiable
man bubbling over with pure fun from
morning to night; he never took any
thing seriously' In peace or war, except
the happiness of his wife and child, to
whom he was devoted. He never quar
reled with anybody; never uttered words
that wounded anybody; he was a gen
erous man of open hand and lovable
nature. When there wasn't any fight
ing that called him into battle, he"4 was
tho Irrepressible jester of his army
corps. At Cold Harbor June 3, 1854,
Colonel Hooker, who had recklessly
ridden a white horse all day, fell, struck
by five bullets. While lying on a
stretcher waiting to be transferred to
the cars. Hooker was recognized by a
part of passing officers, who Inquired
"How are you?" "All right, boys; three
years in the service and only just got a
benefit" This allusion to his five
wounds being like an actor's first ben
efit night illustrates the elastic and
irrepressible humor of the man, which
was his salient characteristic In the
dread business of war or the calm
world of peace. In this respect he
seemed more like a gay French Cap
tain of the sixteenth century, such as
Dumas loved to delineate, than like a
modem New England Yankee. Shakes
peare's supreme jester, Falstaff, is al
ways first at a feast and last at a fight
Mercutio is the only one of Shakes
peare's heroes who Is always a keen
fighter and always an Irrepressible
jester. The combination Is rare, and
because Colonel Hooker fully represent
ed it he seems to us to be a notable
man.
After the Civil War, business success
and political prominence came to Colo
nel Hooker, but he was still the same
man, the same laughing philosopher.
Everybody, high .and low, laughed at
his sallies, and everybody, high and low,
loved him for his warm, generous heart
and open hand, and his sweet gentle
spirit for there was never any sting In
his- speech. He was a member of the
Republican National committee, mem
ber of the State Legislature and ser-geant-at-arms
of the House In the
Forty-seventh Congress. Whatever he
earnestly desired he generally obtained
i
because few people could resist the
fascination . of ris fine temper and de
lightful, charming humor. His reputa
tion and acquaintance was national
through his official political association,
and his several years' residence in New
York and Washington. In war he rose
to popularity and preferment first
through his captivating mercurial tem
perament, and then his. smiling courage
under fire enabled him to hold his
ground and win promotion, but he owed
nothing to superior military aptitude or
taste for tactics. Had he remained In
the line, he had neither the patience
nor the military aptitude that would
have enabled him to have risen to. a
field officer's place. He was a man of
joyous, brave, free spirit, who was ready
to chaff King Death if time and place
was given him, but he was like one of
Charles Lever's gay young Irish dra
goons, to whom life In war or peace
was nothing but a frolic, a subject for
constant laughter rather than for tears.
And in peace Colonel Hooker won his
way as he did in war, by his social
talents. Hooker was never severely dis
appointed nor unduly elated, no matter
what happened, even If it happened to
him. He got a great deal of pleasure
out of life, and he always wanted to
make It pleasant for his fellow-men.
If brilliant courage makes a hero, he
certainly was a heroic soldier, and If
the capacity to go Into battle with a
good-humored Jest on your Hp and. to
come out of battle still jesting makes
a humorist, he was a remarkable and
exceptional humorist He will be
mourned and missed by many who have
enjoyed his cheerful personality and
merry humor, by many who knew his
worth as a soldier, and most of all by
those to whom he was a kind and gen
erous friend in sunshine and storm for
the sake of old comradeship In the Army
of the Union.
'.
A SOUND AND GRACIOUS PRACTICE.
With two exceptions, every one of the
President's appointees of principals and
alternates to the West Point Military
Academy was the son of an Army offi
cer. The exception among the princi
pals was the son of Senator Harris, of
Kansas, who was an eminent Confeder
ate engineer officer under General- Lee,
and the exception among the alternates
wa3 the son of a Washington pension
agent This action of the President de
serves hearty commendation. Qther
things being equal, the son of a vet
eran Army officer will make a good
soldier. He "belongs to a military fam
ily and feels a natural .pride that the
record of his father should be fairly
well sustained by his own conduct and
career. The son ofs. gallant General.
Worth, of the Mexican War, sustained
his father's reputation for gallantry In
the assault upon the enemy's lines be
fore Santiago, and the sons of General
E. "V. Sumner made admirable officers.
The gallant General Guy V. Henry was
the son of an Army officer, and many
other Instances could be cited. One of
the sons of General Ord was killed in
the assault on San Juan Hill. In order
to keep the-Army full of good military
blood, there Is no better way than to
appoint to the Military Academy the
worthy sons of gallant veteran officers
of the- Army. In the ashes of the
fathers generally glow the children's
Area Furthermore, it Is impossible, for.
an Army officer, unless he marries a
rich wife, to make much provision for
a large family, and the appointment of
a son to West Point Is a sensible relief
to a father anxious to see his son well
settled for life.
A material faljing off In the- salmon
pack of Alaska and Puget Sound is re
ported colncldently with the news of
an exceptionally large pack on the Co
lumbia River. While the figures for the
Columbia are not yet reliably settled, It
seems reasonably clear that the large
catch of this season Is due to the prop
agation that has been a part of the fish
policy of Oregon and Washington for
several years. The very decided losses
at Puget Sound and In Alaskan waters
may be partially ascribed to overfishing,
but other factors contributed to the
unsatisfactory result The season has been
generally unfavorable there. It Is grat
ifying to see the Industry doing some
what better than holding Its own on the
Columbia River. There is no fish like
the royal chlnook of the Columbia.
At last the Republic mining district
of Washington is to have rail transpor
tation, for the want of which It has
been languishing for five or six years
past. The mineral formation of that
country is such that the ores must be
taken out and treated in connection
with ores of another character, and it
was Impossible to do this before theTe
should be adequate transportation facil
ities. The Washington & Great North
ern, giving direct connection between
Republic and Spokane, will be fbrmally
opened for traffic today, and we may
expect a healthier development In the
Republic camp hereafter.
Alaska may now be regarded as defi
nitely installed at the Government ap
propriation trough. The first harbor
work In that territory is to be done In
Wrangel Narrows, a survey of which
has been authorized. The commerce of
Alaska is of sufficient magnitude to
Justify Government attention to the
navigation channels, and it will pay to
remove some of the dangers that
menace ships In those waters. Alaska,
which has already become a political
factor of some pretensions, may be ex
pected to come up for regular rations
hereafter.
"On the Iowa Turnpike" is the title
of a cartoon in the Minneapolis Journal
which represents Speaker Henderson In
a light road wagon driving an elephant,
tho latter exhibiting every mark of
panic over the appearance of an auto
mobile marked "Tariff Revision," with
Governor Cummins at the lever. "HI,
there!" shouts Henderson, "you're scar
ing my elephant" Cummins shouts
back as he goes blithely- ahead, "The
elephant'll have to get used to it" All
of which Is very much to the point.
John W. Mackay's will Is chiefly
notable for Its entire lack of charitable
bequests. It Is said that his charities
during life were large, and that he di
rected them personally. This Is prefer
able for many reasons to post-mortem
benefactions. Still, it Is so unusual for
a man of Mr. Mackay's vast wealth to
leave absolutely all of which he dies
possessed to his family that his will ex
cites some surprise and much comment.
Alblna offers timely and reasonable
protest against the plan to-' put .the
tanks of the Standard Oil Company
where they will be a menace to private
property. Surely some place can. be
found where the tanks will not put
other property In hazard and reduce Its
value.
-5
THINGS LOCAIaAND OTHERWISE.
-s
It Is more than surprising that Portland,
with all the opportunity In the world, did
not create one- distinctly handsome resi
dence street for example, like Summit
avenue in St PauL To those whose
business or pleasure carries them east
over either of the northern lines running
into the Mississippi River terminus let
me commend, without reservation. Sum
mit avenue. If you take the favorite
trains, you Will have nearly four hours In
St Paul before you can proceed to Chi
cago and you can dodge carriage hire it
you are fond of walking, after thetrolley
car has set you down within a squlrrel'3
leap of James J. Hill's mansion. Three
days' of cramped existence on "the rail
makes walking a keen enjoyment
Bayard Taylor, who- devoted saveral years
to .foreign travel, went on recocd about a
generation ago with the statement that
Euclid avenue in Cleveland was the hand
somest strest in the world. This ante
dated tho creation of St Paul's finest
street Were the author of "The Song
of the Camp" alive today, he would with
no hesitation pin the blue ribbon on Sum
mit avenue. In architectural beauty
-Portland could not hope to have a street
equal to Summit avenuo- for the reason
that our dwellings, with few exceptions,
are, of wood, but if only one-half of the
handsome homes in Portland were
stretched for a distance of a mile and a
half along a broad, well-paved street
which commanded a distant- view, wo
would have a wealth of scenta beauty
that St Paul cannot match.
We have had too many Independent
residential "movements" In the past 30
years to permit of concentration. There
were a dozen localities, each more advan
tageous than the other, in one or more
qualities, involving comfort convenience
and pride. Each was seized and im
proved. Twelve years ago came the
electric car, practically annihilating dis
tance, and new ideal situations for homes
presented themselves. After Portland
outgrew village proportions, Fourth street
north of Stark, became the fashionable
residence section. This year we see its
transformation into a wholesale business
district after two decades of characterless
existence Joe Holladay's mule-propelled
bobtail car line on First street, poor as It
was, opened South Portland for occupa
tion by tho well-to-do .and the rich, as
witness the residence of the late S. G.
Reed, now used as a sanitarium. For
commanding view of the river as well as
tho incomparable landscape to the east
and the north, this district can not be
matched. Fifth street, south of the Post
Office shows well today where another
early "movement" began, while the not
able residences on Jefferson street mark
the limit of 23 years ago. West Park
street south of Yamhill, has been in great
favor for 20 years. If, when the late
Bernard Goldsmith was mayor, his recom
mendation that tho seven occupied park
blocks between Salmon and Ankeny be
bought by tho city, had been heeded.
Portland would now have one streetn
whose pralse3 would bo on the lips of
every observant stranger. A parked
highway 200 feet wide and two miles long
might have been, with a little fore
thought, our peerless possession now.
It is less than 20 years since the big
movement began north of "Washington
street and' west of Sixteenth street Elec
tric railroads- carried It to the foothills
about St Vincent Hospital and a few
years later one man's enterpriso pushed it
across a canyon to Wiliametto Heights.
Every dwelling, but one, on King's
Heights, Is of recent construction. Port
land Heights Jias enough pretentious
houses to make a considerable street If
they were placed side by side. All the
while the district west of West Park and
south of Morrison to the hills was filled
up by hundreds of handsome homes with
out any particular "movement" A long
chapter could be written on the "move
ments," old and new, on the East Side of
the river where activity Just now Is very
marked. A newcomer, who has $10,000 to
$20,000 or over to put into a home, will
be pointed to at least seven residence dis
tricts, each one the very choicest, all
things considered.
Perhaps it is best, after all, that Port
land has no residence section, like Summit
avenue, which overshadows all other
neighborhoods. Though they are not en
tirely free from "ragged spots," the. rec
ognized desirable locations are certain to
improve in "tone" as time advances. It
may not be long before a Summit Avenue
shall be laid out on the wooded crest of
the northwestern range of hills. Nature
has done her work. An electric railroad
to parallel the future avenue, say 300
feet away, and a "movement" are all that
Is necessary. Maybe we shall see it
started Within 10 years.
The tragic death, in France, of Charles
L. Fair, who had lived an Idle, dissipated
life, is another reminder that only two of
the noted rich Callfornlans were suc
ceeded by useful sons. Charles F.
Crocker, vice-president of the Southern
Pacific, who died five years ago, felt tho
responsibility of great wealth and rose to
it James D. Phelan, ex-mayor of San
Francisco, is now the one young man of
that state who inherited a very large for
tune and put it to good use. He is a good
all-round man, clean In every way and
ts the confidence, of all classes. He has
racing stables, operates no steam yacht.
jports no country houso In Newport,
.otes no time to fashionable fads;
courts no celebrities and wastes no time
in foreign lands, wherein he differs from
other young Callfornlans who were born
with golden spoons in their mouths.
L.
The Lessons or Nature.
William Drumraond.
Of this fair volume which we World do name
If we the sheets and leaves could turn with
care.
Of him who It corrects, and did It frame.
We clear might read the art dnd wisdom rare;
Find out his power which wildest powers doth
tame.
His providence extendlns everywhere,
Hla Justice which proud rebels doth not spare,
Ixr every page, no period of the eame.
But silly we. like foolish children, .rest
Well pleased with colord vellumj leaves of
gold.
Fair, dangling ribands, leaving- what Is best.
On the great "Writer's sense ne'er taking hold;
Or If "by chance w.e stay pur minds on aught.
It. Is some picture on the margin wrought.
To ihs Love.
William Shakespeare.
When ra the chronicle of wasted time
I see descriptions of the fairest wights.
And beauty making beautiful old rhyme
In praise of ladles dead, and lovely knights.
Then In the blazon of sweet beauty's best
Of hand, of foot, of Up, of eye. of brow.
I see their antique pen would have exprest
Ev'n such a beauty as you master now.
So alltheir praises are but prophecies
Of this our time, all you prefiguring;
And for they look'd but with divining' eyes.
They had not skill enough your worth to sins.
For we, which now behold these present days.
Have eyes " to wonder, " buf lack tongues to
praise; '
WHERE ROLLS THE 0REG0X.
Random Xotes from Lewis and Clark's Journal.
No treasury of human achievement has
richer stores than the Journal of Lewis
and Clark. This is said advisedly, for the
writer realizes it is a sweeping assertion.
But we may go over the entire record
that the past has left us and not find a
story of courage and devotion, abounding
in such wealth of anecdote, episode, and
nature study.
For the scientist in all the ramifications
of his study, for the historian, for the
fiction and romance weaver, for the poet
and for everybody, from the merchant
to the scholar and the statesman and
the diplomat the Lewis and Clark Journal
Is a thesaurus which has to be tapged
only with the wand of admiration to pour
forth its streams of wisdom, knowledge
and fancy.
Lewis and Clark will be unique in all
annals. No man will ever do again what
they have done, partly because he will
never have opportunity, and mostly be
cause their pre-eminent genius belongs to
an age that is past We may say confi
dently that no two men ever carried moro
intelligence and self-posses3lon through
equal hazard.
Lewis and Clark were not scholars; but
they were better than scholars. All our
modern, technical education will never
produce their peers. They were learned
in courage, and In nature's works. As
such,, let us call them what best accords
with the dignity of their fame men la
the truest and highest sense.
We shall build a monument to Lewis
and Clarke We shall place It on tho
western slope of Portland, where it will
look out upon all Oregon; Old Oregon, the
Western land of promise, which they, tho
harbingers of a race to come, were first
to trace with white man's art
Although Lewl3 and Clark were the
first whites to penetrate the Oregon coun
try, they found here frequent evidences
of Indian intercourse with the superior
race. These were trinkets and utensils
which had come from tradere from the
East and South and West Such things
always preceded tho advent of the white
man in tho expansion of the Nation west
ward. In he trade of tho Indians among
themselves these objects often traveled
hundreds and thousands of miles. And
although a few Oregon Indians. had seen
white men before Lewis and Clark came,
the explorers were entirely new creations
to the native tribes.
Among the Chlllucklttequaw3, Indians
living below tho dalles, was one who
wore his hair in a queue, and had a
round hat and a sailor's jacket Thesa
articles, he said, he had obtained from
natives below the rapids of the Columbia,
who had bought them from the whites.
In one of tho houses of this tribe tho
explorers found a British musket a cut
lass and several brass kettles! These
houses, by the way, were the first that
Lewl3 and Clark had found west of Il
linois. The explorers ate a midday meal on an
Island near the mouth of the Willamette
River, November 4, 1805. They were vis
ited by a number of Indians, who dis
played scarlet and blue blankets, sailors'
jackets and trousers, shirts, hats, mus
kets, pistols and tin powder flasks. Hera
Lewis, and Clark ate their first wappa
toes, a famous article of food In early
Oregon history.
The journal says the Indians were not
agreeable companions. "While we were
eating, they stole the pipe with which
they were smoking, and the greatcoat of
one of the men. We immediately
searched them all, and discovered the
coat stuffed under the root of a tree,
wherp they were sitting; but the pipe wo
could not recover. They showed their
displeasure in the only way which they
dared. by returning in an ill humor to
their village."
The aboriginal natives of Oregon, liko
the natives of today, had poor teeth. The
explorers record that decay of teeth was
peculiar to Inhabitants of the Columbia.
Some natives had teeth worn down to
the gums, and many of both sexes had
lost them entirely. Lewis and Clark as
cribed as a probable cause the way they
ato their food. Oregon Indians were
great root-eaters, and not particular
whether the roots were free from sand
or grit or not Mastication under thesa
circumstances may have worn the teeth
away. The explorers' were not aware of
the absence of calcareous matter in Or
egon soil.
Four miles above the mouth of the
Kllclkat River dwelt an august chief. Ha
was lord of the Chlllucklttequaws. Ho
was a big warrior, and he had a great
medicine.
This medicine was a bag hung In tho
middle of his lodge. It was very sacred:
so sacked. In fact, that nobody dared
touch it. save the chief himself. But the
great medicine was really Inside the bag.
Did he object to showing tho medicine?
Not at all, and Lewis and Clark saw It
Was It mysterious as It looked? Well,
no; It wasn't, but It was far more dis
gusting. Inside the bag were roots, pounded dirt
etc., and 14 human forefingers.
The chief withdrew the fingers with
great exultation. This ceremony was ac
companied with a monologue and a har
angue. In praise of his own great ex
ploits. He said the fingers were relics of
the same number of enemies whom he
had killed In battle. Then he replaced the
grewsome trophies among the valuable
contents of the bag.
When Xenophon and his 10,000. after
their long, painful quest, saw the goal
of their hopes, they cried: "The sea!
The seal" When Lewis and Clark and
their men saw the Pacific Ocean, they
cried: "The sea! The sea!" And the
journal itself bubbles over with happi
ness, for it says: "Ocean in view! O!
the joy!"
Captain Clark was not an emotional
man, but his pen betrays his feelings:
"Great joy in camp. We are in view of
the oclan, this great Pacific Octian which
we have been so long anxious to see,
and the rorelng or noise made by the
waves brakeing on the rockey shores may
be heard distinctly."
This was November 7, 1S03. Shall wo re
member it November 7. 1S05?
Love's Omnipresence.
Joshua Sylvester.
Were I as base as Is the lowly plain.
And you. my love, as high as heaven above.
Yet should the thought of me. your humble
swain.
Ascend to heaven. In honor of my love.
"VVere I as high as heaven above the plain.
And you. my love, as humble and as low
As are the deepest bottoms of the mala.
Wheresoe'er you were, with ycu my love should
go.
Were you the earth, dear love, and I the skies.
My love should shine on you like to the sun.
And look upon you with ten thousand eyes
Till heaven wax'd blind, and till the world
were done.
Wheresoe'er I am. below, or else above you.
Wheresoe'er you are, my heart ehall truly 1ot
you.