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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 10, 1902)
THE SUNDAY OBEGONMN, PORTLAND, -AUGUST 10, 1902. Entered at the Pcstofllce at Portland. Oreron. as coad-cln matter. RETCHED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mall tpostege prepaid )n Adranee) Dally, with Sunday, per teonth 3, Dally, Sunday excepted, per year - J Dallr. with Sunday, per year g J Sunday, per year - J The "Weekly, per year 1 5? The Weekly. 3 months w To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered, Sunday escepted.Ws Dally, per week. dellveredBundays lncluded.30o POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: , 29 ! Ii-ptce PPer 2 i to CS-pac paper................. - Foreign rates double. News or discussion Intended for publication In The Oregonlan should be addrsed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name of any Individual. Letters relating to adror ttolag. subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." Eastern Business Office. 42. 4.'. 43 Tribune building. New Tork City; 810-11-13 tribune building. Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlih Epedal Agency. Eastern repreeentattra. For sale In San Francisco by L. E. Lee. Pal ace Hotel new stand: Goldsmith Bros.. 233 Sutter street; F. TV. Pitts. 1O0S Market street: J. K. Cooper Co.. 748 Market strent. near the Palace Hotel: Foster & Orear. Ferry news stand; Frank Scott. 80 Ellis street, and 2f. Wbeatley. 813 Mission street. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. i9 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Halnea. 305 Co. Cprlng street. For sale In Sacramento by Sacramento News Co., 420 K. street. Sacramento, Cat. For sale In Chicago by the P. O. 2Cews Co.. 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald. CS "Washing-ton street. For tale In Omaha by BarValow Ero.. 1012 Famam street; Mcgcath Stationery Co., 1203 Farnam street. ' For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. 77 W. Second South street. For sale In Minneapolis by R. G. Hearsey .& Co.. 24 Third Ftreet Eouth. For eal In "Washington. D. C., by the Ebbett House aewff stand. For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & Kendrlck. 808-012 Seventeenth street; Louthaa & Jackson Book 4b Stationery Co.. 16th and Lawrence street; A. Series. Sixteenth and Cur tis streets. TODAY'S "WEATHER Increasing cloudiness. possibly followed by showers by Sunday night cr Monday morning: cooler. Northerly winos. shifting to southerly. TESTERDAT'S "WEATHER Maximum ten uerature. 03 dec minimum temperature. CO deg.; no precipitation. PORTLAND, SUXDAY, AUGUST 10. THE BRITISH THRONE. Fixed as It stands in the organic life and the traditions of the nation ana in the affections of the people, the British throne does not escape challenge as to its right of continued existence. TJtill tarlan and unimaginative statecraft lets no occasion pass to question the prac tical usefulness and the right to na tional support of an institution whose participation in the government of the realm is little more than perfunctory, to decry it as a relic of medievalism and an outworn survival of times and conditions before Englishmen were free men, to sneer at it as spectacular, triv ial, ridiculous. This attitude toward the British throne is not uncommon in America, where the stability of our Na tional character and the unexampled prosperity o2 our National and popular life are pointed to as Illustrations mark ing the practical superiority of popular as compared with traditional systems and institutions. But no conservative Englishman, no thoughtful American who has ever lived in England, no student of the world's life and affairs has ever been heard to voice these opinions or anything akin to them. And so far as England her self Is concerned, it Is certain that a serloua proposal to abolish the throne, if submitted to the popular judgment, would, outside the ranks of avowed so cialism and anarchy, meet with univer sal and overwhelming protest. The throne Is the foundation stone of Brit ish national sentiment the universal object of affection and devotion. There is bound up in it every sentimental in- terest and feeling which marks the" English character. No thoughtful man will consent that an institution so related to the patrl otio sensibilities of a whole people is a thing to be regarded lightly. From our National point of view it Is a useless thing, and, in truth, something of an absurdity; from the broad rational standpoint it Is a fiction, merely typify ing political dignities and powers which it no longer holds' In fact; but being all this, it is a thing of commanding power for It still reigns with undimin ished sway over the imagination of the English race, and to a very great ex tent of the whole world. And, though its effective particlpatlonin affairs of state long ago ceased, It Is still, as the English mind is constituted, a thing of practical political use. for It serves to lift the patriotic sense of the country above the vulgar level of partisanship and factionalism. It has this extraor dinary value, that it gives to the polit ical life of the Nation an exalted, defl- ov. nntrlntln lcnl tfVl!rVl Ttrfetln It . - .1 may not control political action, reacts tim,t to ivhirh r.nmii upon the sentiments to which political conduct must finally appeal for ap proval. "We have in our higher political literature In the Declara tlon of Independence, In the Fare well Address, in the greater speeches of Webster, in the immortal phrases of Lincoln something of the same sort, but it is not in such, form as to be Impressively and constantly before the public. It lacks the effect ive and continuing power which at taches to the British throne with its various and constant appeals to the public attention under conditions which emphasize and magnify its ideal sug' ge3tlons. It is, however, In the social sphere- a sphere vastly more Important in an old country like England tnan in a new one like our own that the powers of the British throne are greatest and most conspicuously displayed. How ef fective these powers may be when wisely exercised has been illustrated by the career of the late Queen in many ways. "When Victoria came to the throne the princely and aristocratic world of England was, broadly speak ing, a world of debauchery. Every vice that can be named decently, and some that cannot flourished under the suffer ance if not the avowed protection of fashion. What changes were wrought by the example and the influence of this pure woman exercised through such powers as attach to the throne needs not to be recited, for they are part of the familiar history of the last cen tury. Through these changes the do mestic virtues wert made fashionable in England, while the forpe of English royal example spreading to the courts of the Continent and from the courts to the ranks below, did more in a few years for the morallzatlon of conduct than all the preachers of all the sects had been able to do In a generation. Valued and revered as the British throne is, it has no assurance of per petuity because it has no real and definite function essential to the na tional life. "So long as the su6cession cf respectable, presentable, complaisant Princes continues, so long as the throne remains a source of pride to the English people and no obstacle to their pur poses. It vril atand unquestionably. But let there come to It a race Qf shameless and intriguing Princes -of the Stuart type, let the throne take stand in oppo sition to some fixed national purpose, and there may happen something that will recall the misfortunes of Charles I and of the ill-starred James IL The English race, where privilege is con cerned, Is slow to wrath, but it has shown and shown again how terrible its wrath may be and how little, when its fiercer mood Is opce thoroughly aroused. It cares for' the restraints of tradition, how little It respects the princely rank. Any political institution whose hold upon existence rests upon tradition ,and sentiment, which serves no real and timely purpose, and which has no In herent powers of self-protection, is in some danger. This Is the case of the British throne. It is not In danger in any Immediate sense, for It rests secure in the undoubted affection and patriotic devotion of the British people; but cir cumstances may easily be imagined in which this foundation stone of a great nationality would be swept In an hour Into the limbo of departed grandeurs. CATHOLICS AXD FIIIARS. The convention of Federated Catholic Societies at Chicago did not act wisely In rejecting the resolution of Mr. Keat ing that the delegates dismiss the friars and the Philippine school ques tions with a mere expression of satis faction with the manner in which the subject is being handled by the Vatican and the Administration. Mr. Heating's resolution said all that was necessary to say. The resolutions which were substituted contain a good deal of verbiage without saying anything in particular that was necessary to say. Archbishop Ireland a few days ago said that the pope has a better under standing of the whole subject than even those who "will insist on telling him how to handle it" He is ready to pro ceed with the negotiations at Manila, "oyer which," he told Judge Taft. "I will watch personally." The pope has agreed that the friars shall not be sent back to their narlshes. "where their oresence would nrovoke trouble." and hag pr0mlsed that he will gradually introduce into the Philippines Catholic clergy of other nationalities, especlally Amerlcan. The act relating to the gov ernment of the Philippines includes this provision: That no law shall be made respecting an es tablishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, and that the free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and wor ship, without "discrimination or preference, shall be forever, allowed. The interests of the Catholics are fully guarded by the act The lands to be acquired from the friars under the right of eminent domain are to be paid for, and the Vatican notified Judge Taf t that "the apostolic delegate soon to be sent to the Philippines" will enter Into relations with the authorities con cerning the acquisition, and the Vati can, through Cardinal Rampolla, pro posed that "the Philippine Government shall buy the lands of the four relig ious orders concerned, the holy see act ing as intermediary." These' facts snow that Archbishop Ireland was right when he said that the .pope has a better un derstanding of the whole subjeot than 'those who Insist on telling him how to handle it". The question of the friars and their relation to the peaceful establishment of our authority is a question of fact which has been presented to the Vati can, which has intelligence and diplo matic skill ample to guard every inter est of the Catholic Church. , The pope Is a great statesman who knows that the peaceful establishment of our au thority is as Important to the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines as It Is to the Roman Catholic Church In the United States. The pope as a rule stands by the powers that be. Even In France he deprecates opposition to the Republic. A Roman Catholic priest writes the New York Sun that the opposition of the Filipinos, Catholic and non-Catholic, to the Dominican and Franciscan fath ers Is largely a case of landlordism and tenancy; that the Filipino people are firmly attached to their native priests, to the Jesuits and to any and all Catho lic clergymen who do not belong to the landlord class. The Filipinos cannot forget that the Dominican and Fran ciscan friars have for a century acted as .the political agents of the Spanish Government Even the secular clergy of the Philip pines clamor for the withdrawal of the Spanish friars. The Rev. Father Hart now military chaplain at Fort Meade, South Dakota, after having served two vnara n'itVi niir fnrrva In tnf Tnllln- Pines, says: "The native priests are In- tensely opposed to the members of those orders, for the special reason that they are never Intrusted by the friars with responsible positions. All the bishops of the Islands were members of the re ligious orders. The orders had a mo nopoly of religion, and, however well Intentloned the directors of a monopoly are, it will always, in the long run, and necessarily so, induce opposition and hatred." TIMELY SUGGESTIONS. Members of the Oregon Humane So clety should be on the alert these days. The tendency of the Inconsiderate and the brutal to overload horses Is not checked by the heat, which reduces greatly the animal's powers of endur ance, nor do such men take into con slderatlon the increased thirst Induced by hot weather, except to quench It in themselves by increasing their beer sup ply. It is one of the most common sights at this time to see horses stand ing at the noon hour in the blazing sun. their harness on their backs, munching their oats from unventllated gunny bags, stamping and fighting files, while their drivers are lolling in the shade hard by, their coats off, restfully partaking of their noonday meal. This represents the most inexcusable care lessness of the comfort of horses, and from the standpoint of economy in force, it is wasteful. It requires but a few. minutes to remove the harness from the tired, panting, perspiring brutes, and where shade Is so abundant there Is no excuse whatever for expos- ing them to the hot sun while they are resting (?) and eating their noon oats. Ventilated nosebags are a necessity for noon feeding, If the comfort of the anl mals is to be regarded. These are little things, but they .contribute .largely to the sum total of comfort for heavily worked horses in hot weather. Owners are more apt to regard these little things In the care of horses than are teamsters hired to work a street oon tractor's plant, or woodhaulers driving teams belonging to their employers. The latter are to blame in this case if their teams are not provided with feed ing bags and their proper care In all respects insisted upon. It becomes members of the Humane Society to walk abroad with their eyes open, to the end that these details In the care of workhorses are not overlooked during the heated term, and that suffering teams are not overloaded. It may be hoped that all of the members of this organization are not absent on their vacation, since there Is but one other period In the year in which their efforts In behalf of dumb creatures are-so greatly needed as in midsummer; that, of course. Is at midwinter, if at that time heavy storms prevail. The mem bers of the Humane Society have proved that they are earnest and charitable men and women. Possibly their efforts have not received the financial support that they deserve. It would be well if the sympathy of other men and women who have not yet been attracted to the society could be enlisted. The surest way to do this is to call public atten tion to the need of vigilance that will at once instruct the Indifferent in the care of animals and compel the cruel to observe the law of kindness In their treatment. SAVING HOYS FIUOI CRIME. A question which, confronts the wise men of the present age with great seri ousness is that of preventing turbulent boys from becoming criminals. This question is one of growing Importance in every urban community, wherein Idleness combines with evil associations and too often with lack of home ex ample and training to lead boys Into mischief, then Jnto skulking misdemean ors, and so on Into crimes of greater or less magnitude, of which, for the pro tection of society, the law must take cognizance. What to do with boys up to the age of 18 or 20 years, who are haled before the preliminary courts upon charges of theft of defacing build ings, of stoning Chinamen, of brutality to boys younger than themselves, upon all of which charges lads under the ages mentioned have been before the minor courts In this city within a few months, Is a question that It has per plexed magistrates, distressed parents and taxed the resources and power of the Boys' and Girls' Aid Society to the utmost to solve. As yet no regular plan has Been formulated which promises satisfactory solution, even In a majority of cases. Every suburban section of the city has Its "gang," composed of boys ranging in years from 10 to 20, members of which are not infrequently arrested for malicious mischief or petty crimes. The utmost vlsrllance on the part of the police I is required to locate these incipient criminals, who are In training for the convicts' ranks. Arrest and conviction secured, what then? The Boys' and Girls' Aid Society assumes charge of the younger and less flagrant cases; the Reform School and the PenI tentlary yawn for the older and more flagrant, but with all that has been done seemingly with all that can be done along present lines, the "gangs" thrive and their members multiply. New Tork City, after struggling In a desultory way with this problem for many years, at last settled down to the parole system as furnishing the best results in dealing with Juvenile offend ero who are on the high road to crlmin ailty. Humane, reformatory, at once scientific and sympathetic, the workings of this system are profoundly Interest Ing. On a specified day In each month the Court of Special Sessions hears the reports of the parole class from Mr. David Wlllard, who, as special agent of the court, has them in charge. The class Is summoned one at a time to listen to the reading of the reports Upon the character of these reports each made out after personal investi gation by Mr. Wlllard depends the re newal of the paroles, the suspension of sentences, or imprisonment and punish ment for tjie misdemeanors for which the lads were originally convicted. Each lad as his name Is called comes forward arid takes his place at the bar. There aro always three of the five Judges on the bench. In cases where the parole has lasted two months with conduct satisfactory to the boy's em pioyer employment being a necessary feature of the parole the court sus pends sentence and the presiding Judge gives the lad his freedom and his chance to become an honest citizen. In cases where one month's parole shows satisfactory results the term Is renewed for another month, with the promise of freedom at its end. In such cases the lad is counseled by the presiding Judge in earnest tones to remember how much depends upon himself. In cases where the reports show boys to have been Idle, thriftless and chafing under restraint admonition In words suited to the case is given, the court becoming at once a counsellor and guide and Impressing upon the lad the fact that he Is being kindly but firmly helped to help him self. There is shown here, not stern Justice, inexorable In Its mandates, but a wise and benignant principle that cares more lor the welfare of human lty than for the technical enforcement of the law. It Is only when the boy has refused to work, has been stubborn and bent on evil ways, that he Is conducted from the court by a policeman under sentence for a term In prison or in some penal Institution, where he may be said to enter upon a life of perpetual crlm Inality. Mr. Willard is authority for thetate ment that as a result of this system out of 130 cases brought up for trial 105 will be kept out of prison. Out of this number, at least 85 will prove them selves worthy and will enter upon self-respecting career. The other 20 will go to Jail. The saving to the state of boys with good possibilities; the sav Jng of boys to themselves, the ultimate making of good citizens, are the prime objects In view. The substitution of prevention for punishment Is the far wiser course In dealing with the young. Beyond a cer tain age that varies in Individuals ac cording to temperament and early asso ciations, prevention is not possible and resort must be had to punishment. At this point followed by the association In prison with older and more hardened criminals, hope may well abandon "the field and leave the young man to the restraints and penalties that the law, for the safety of society, must Impose. There Is co color line In St Thomas. Intermarriage between the whites and blacks is very common. The Dance do not appear to have any strong preju dice against intermixture of whites and blacks. The "color line" Is much fainter in these islands than it is in Cuba or Porto Rico. One of the most cultivated Englishmen on the Islands has a wife of mixed blood. In social relations color makes no appreciable difference. People choose their friends regardless of everything save conduct and intelligence. The majority of the Colonial Council is black, and are, of course, admitted to Government House levoes and dinners and dances. Intel ligence, manners and money fix a per son's place In St. Thomas society. The census takes no account of white or black, but only of male and female. In making Its classification. There are some exceedingly well-educated young black women whose father Is the son of negres3 and a Brooklyn Irishman, and is so white and so charming in his manners and character that nobody would suspect that he was a half-blood. This man and his family, and others like them, are under present conditions In St Thomas Just what they would be If they were white. If we should finally purchase these islands, the "ne gro problem" now absent would prob ably appear. THE OREGON SUMMER. The Springfield Republican, in a re cent Issue, had a beautiful article de scriptive of the peculiar charm of the New England Summer. It was. written by one who possessed not only the" po etic temperament which Js quickly ap prehensive of the outward beauty of Nature, but who had a field botanist's knowledge of the wild flora of the At lantic Coast It was an attractive and accurate picture of all that is charming to the eye of the tourist who Bpends the Summer months In the Berkshire Hills of Massachusetts, the Green Mountains, of Vermont the White Hills of New Hampshire, or the woods of Maine. And yet to an Oregonlan who 13 familiar with the finest scenery of his own state, this tale of the charm of New England scenery. Its mountain outlook. Its beautiful "wild flora, that illuminate its dark bogs and decorate its fields and forests, would seem qhlef ly to remind him that Oregon was better endowed In all these respects by Nature than New England. We have often talked over this ques tion of the beauty of Oregon scenery and the blandness of its climate, com pared with. the best and brightest pic tures of New England's face and cli mate with Eastern born and bred men, and they have without exception ad mitted that every mountain-bom or hill-bred young man from New Eng land nails the sight of our peaks after crossing the plains as a thirsty trav eler halls water In a desert land. From Chicago to the Rockies and the Blue Mountains of Oregon the country 13 flat and treeless, but when the Eastern tourist reaches Ore gon he finds the hills of New England swelled to Impressive mountains; he finds the trees of New England grown to giant forests; he finds the Connecti cut' a feeble mountain stream compared with the mighty Columbia; he finds the Catsklll Hills of the Hudson lifted to the dignity of the Cascade Mountains. If he comes in July, he finds no Sum mer days and nights made wretched and reposeless for humanity by the torrid temperature that is common in July in the North Atlantic States; If be Is an angler, he can find trout with out being wrapped in a cloud of mos quitoes as with a garment; if he Is fond of mountain climbing, the beautiful snow-white peaks of Hood, Adams and St. Helens are a perpetual challenge. If he Is a hunter, he can soon fill his bag; if he is a botanist he will find hundreds of beautiful wild plants new and strange to a collector from the At lantic Coast He will miss some of his favorites, but their absence will be more than made up for by the presence of quite as beautiful representatives of the same tribe. He will not And the New England clethra, which whitens the thickets of New England In July, but he will And a far more beautiful shrub In our splraea-ariaefolla; he will miss the purple bog orchids of New England, but he will find an orchid aulte as beautiful In the habenarla leucho-stachys; he will not find the same wealth and variety of goldenrod that is found in New England, but he will find an army of wild lilies that surpasses the coarse wild field lily of New England. So charming Is the cool Summer of Oregon and so mild Is its short Winter that more than one Eastern critic after granting all that was claimed for Its natural attractiveness of climate, soli and scenery, said: "Yes all that Is claimed for Oregon Is true, and sometimes I think it is a pity It Is true. Your Summers are cool; your Winters are short and mild; your climate and soil permit the easy culture of all the vegetables, grain and fruit of the temperate zone; you are in easy reach of the California market and Its seml-troplcal fruit; you have plenty of timber and fuel; your woods are full of game, and jour waters, both Inland and marine, are full of excellent food fishes; you are too well 'fixed,' too for tunately furnished by Nature for your own good. You need a harder soil, more difficult situation, to make you develop Into a very energetic, pushing, adventurous, ambitious, people." This criticism Is specious, plausible, but not profound. The StateB of Ore gon, Washington and California are on the rim of the circle, and of course no such rapid development can be ex pected of them a9 of the great states of the Middle West and the North At lantic seaboard, that are close to the great trade heart of the country. No man as a rule works any harder than be is obliged to; the Pacific Coast States have always risen to the level of their opportunity, and It Is not their fault, but the fault of the East, that the Isthmian Canal Is not yet built When that canal is built something of our disadvantage for catching a fair share of the world's trade will be removed The promptness with which the people of Oregon and Washington braved the perils of goldseeklng In the Klondike Is proof that they are as hardy, as dar ing and adventurous as the people of the East. We do not believe that the bland ell mate of Oregon and the comparative ease of existence indicates any deter ioration in the stock of its people, When the Civil War broke out It was freely predicted that the Northern sol dler would not endure the Summer heats of Louisiana and Mississippi, and that the Southern people would be dell dent not in valor, but in manufactur ing energy and . mechanical. Inventive skill. Experience proved that the Northern soldier fought as well in July at Port Hudson and VIcksburg as did the Confederates, and that the South was as energetic In war and as much distinguished by Inventive, mechanical skill as the North. Today the children of the listless poor whites of 18p0 are Industrious and energetic cotton factory operatives. There is no clear proof that a mild climate, a fertile soli In a land well timbered and well watered ever .made Its Inhabitants Indolent, unambl tious arid luxurious. The most lndom liable, energetic soldier of antiquity, Hannibal, was born and bred in North Africa; the most energetic, athletic and gallant race In South Africa are the Zulus. Climate, easy environment doe's not destroy the native force of a vigor ous race; they always rise with their opportunity TAKING ACCOUNT OF LOSSES. In taking account of the losses Inci dent to the coal miners' strike, the dam age to the collieries, more or les3 per manent but in all cases calling for ex tensive and expensive repairs, have not until recently been Included In the esti mates. The report of William Stein, State MJne Inspector, gives in detail upon this point conditions and figures that are appalling. He finds that five mines In the Shenandoah district have been rendered useless by flooding and permanently abandoned by the compa nies. These mines have approximately a value of $1,500,000. In case the strike were ended tomorrow, only fourteen out of the thirty-Bbc mines In his Jurisdic tion would be ready to resume work at once, while the five above noted are. for all practical purposes, permanently disabled. This latter fact alone means that at least 2000 miners would have to seek employment elsewhere, which It would probably be very difficult for them to find. This situation illustrates forclblj' the familiar proverb about kill ing the goose that laid the golden egg. It confirms the belief in certain quarters that a full resumption of coal mining will not, under the most amicable and speedy settlement of differences, take place this year. This showing aside. It is stated that the cost of the strike for the first eleven weeks was about 560,000,000. Of this vast sum, $27,000,000 Is assessed to the operators In loss on coal that would have been mined during the Idle period and nearly $13,000,000 to the men to cover the wages they would have been paid, had they kept at work. These are monstrous sums.and they represent es timates mat are largely prooiemaiicai. It is certain that the loss Is enormous, ana that it falls heavily on ail con cerned, Including consumers who. sooner or later, will have to make good at least the operators' share of it. A feature that promises some relief Is the migration of many of the strik ers, large numbers of whom have gone from the anthracite to the bituminous fields, and at least 15,000 of whom, from the foreign colony, have returned to Europe. This Is a feature of the situa tion that deserves hearty encourage ment. The departure of Idlers -slmpli fles the problem of distributing relief. It conduces also to peace and order In region where heretofore labor dis agreements have led to grave infrac tions of the law. That large numbers of men are able to seek work elsewhere speaks well for them, for the operators and for the public. It should conduce materially to the early ending of this expensive struggle. Some confusion has arisen in the pub 11c mind as to the purposes of the Wash ington Pilot Commissioners In their op orations at the Columbia River bar. and through somebody's interested ac th'lty it has been given out that the outcome of the Washington movement is to be a close combination among pilots, with rates higher than before. The Oregonlan has reason to believe that this prophecy will not be fulfilled In the course of a recent talk with an Oregonlan writer, Governor McBrlde said that his Interest ln matters at the bar was purely to promote the service. To that end he had put one Board of Pilot Commissioners out of office and substituted a new one; "and," added the Governor, significantly, "If one change falla to bring the right result, it will be easy to make another." The Gov- ernor stated with special emphasis that the fact that an old statute allowed a rate higher than that charged by the Oregon pilots would not control in the operations of the Washington men. The whole purpose of the Washington move ment, he declared, was to aid the com merce of the Columbia River, in which Washington is as directly interested as Oregon. The growth of the sheep Industry in the Rocky Mountain States In the past quarter of a century has been enor mous. It has. In fact, been created In that section within that period, this be ing especially the case in Montana which state, as will be showD by spe clal reports soon to be published by the Department of Agriculture, now leads In sheepralslng and the production of wool. About twenty-five years ago the first band of sheep was taken into Mon tana, and this small flock has Increased until now, according to the department': figures, there are over 6,200,000 sheep in the state. In the year 1901 8,000.000 lambs were added to the flocks of Mon tana, and 14,000,000 pounds of wool were produced at an average of 13.48 pound. Prosperity speaks in facts like these. They are wholly outside of the domain of politics, except as any Intel ligect people may be expected to rec ognlze and approve by their votes at the right time a National policy by which expansion of Industry is promoted and prosperity Is assured. Vermont begins today her celebration of "Old Home Week," frbm the 10th to the 16th Inst Up on Stratton Mountain, near the spot where Daniel Webster spoke to a mass Whig convention In the famous Harrison campaign of 1840, a memorial celebration will be held, The event will mark the 50th anniver sary of Webster'3 death, and initial steps will be taken to erect a suitable monument on the spot where Webster spoke. A careless camper, whose name, for tunately for himself. Is not known, who did not extinguish the embers In his campflre before moving on, Is reaponsi ble for the alarm, the hard work and the damage that has resulted from the fire that has run wild In the woods and undergrowth near Mllwaukle In the past few days. It Is a pity Chat he can not be apprehended and brought to proper punishment Goldwin Smith, who took a first class both In classics and mathematics Oxford, who won both the Ireland and the Hertford classical scholarships, and who was made regius professor of mod ern history at Oxford, does not hesitate to' say that in his opinion as good an education Is obtainable at the best American universities as at either Ox ford or Cambridge. Mr. Dosch shows not impatience, but wisdom born of experience In such mattera when he urges our people to be up and doing in the matter of the Lewis and Clark Fair. There is no time to lose., yet in his Judgment valuable time is being lost CONDITIONS IN CUBA. New. York Commercial-Advertiser. The " failure Of a well-known exporting and commission firm of this city yesterday was evidently caused by the failure of. a Havana firm with whose business it was closely connected. Under ordinary circumstances such a failure would not excite unusual comment. The general stagnation of business at Havana is. however, in a peculiar sense the concern of Americans. In this case, according to report, it was not a sugar firm In that city that failed, but as sugar and tobacco are the staple Industries of Cuba it Is fair to presume that their precarious con ditlqn Is largely responsible for that of all other Industries dependent upon them. Besides, whatever business, connections New York has with Havana and other Cuban cities must suffer from the paraly sis of trade and commerce which is rap Idly overtaking the Island! What would be under ordinary .circumstances a busi ness incident not calling for special notice Is In this case, we repeat a symptom from which additional failures In the near future may be inferred. The reliable and abundant testimony as to Cuba's Industrial condition has obviated the necessity of adding in stances. With the planters selling at loss, the collapse of practically all business activity there is assured as firmly as if the United States had con- pired to bring it about an event which this country alone has the plenary power to do." The refusal of reciprocity Is, therefore, once more emphasized from the point of view of the helpless condition of Cuba. As to the responsibility for this. there Is Just as much need now for fixing it accurately as there was when the struggle between beet-sugar Senators and congressmen ana loyal .Republicans was at its height Senator O. H. Piatt in an article In the August North American Review tries apparently to convince his readers that the people of this country began to entertain suspicions about Cuba, as If the beet-sugar legislators had gath ered their inspiration from a popular re vulsloa of feeling against our political ward. Nothing could be more emphat ically contradicted by the mere facts, Senator Piatt doubts wnether 1 per cent of our people, before the assembling of Congress, would have tolerated the Idea of neglecting Cuba, but says that there developed during the Winter and early Summer a sentiment, founded on misap prehension ana prejuaicc, wnicn was Etrong enough temporarily to defeat rec iprocity. Developed where and among wnom7 Simply at the resort of beet- sugar men, whether in their offices, fac tories or the Congressional lobby, and no where else. Senator Piatt Is sound enoutrh on the question of public feeling In regard to Cuban reciprocity. But he has no right to say that public feeling veered for a moment from the true course. What has It done upon the first opportunity? Turned cown lour Congressmen In Michigan, af firmed the President s views in several state conventions, and In one or two cases ha3 unsettled the political prospects of those who in Republican districts have tried to stand by the letter of tho beet- sugar Interests. Mr. Piatt can say, therefore, with unwarrantable assurance that tho people will let their voice ba heard when tho betrayal of Cuba comes to be voted on this Fall, and that the pledge of the United States Is not to be violated cither In letter or in spirit V SAYS CHILDREN NEED SLANG. College President Declares It Aids Them to Ifcconie Fluent. "Boys and girls need slang. It's .good for them. Let them use It. It keeps them from becoming tongue-bound. If a young ster tells you of a 'hunch,' or a 'straight tip,' or a 'pipe don't correct him and give him a stiff substitute. He has found the right word." Five hundred prim schoolma'ams and masters gasped with astonishment when these words were spoken by Professor G. Stanley Hall, president of Clark Univer sity, In an open lecture to the Summer school at the University of Chicago re cently. He Is considered one of the fore most educators in America. Nearly all tho Summer, students arte teachers. They stopped taking notes and waited for the speaker to explain himself. "Slang aids the young man or young woman of 14 to 19 yeara of age to acquire fluency," asserted Rrealdent Hall. "When the emotional side of a boy or girl is being developed during adolescence, mid way between tho period when speech comes slowly and they lack the power of expres sion, and the time when they begin to express themselves more freely and easily, the use of slang is esoential and ought to be allowed frco play." Young men and young women during the period of adolescence havo greater pow ers of perception, according to President Hall, but what they gain In perceptive power they lose In the ability to express what they sae and feel. A new world opens before them, and they have no words with which to express themselves. It is at this time, he said, that slang is of most use. It helps growing boys and girls because It provides them with an easy means of expression, and at the same timo a very emphatic means. Parents, teachers and ministers nre charged by the speaker with paying too little attention to the child at this .period. 'Howa nation treats adolescence," he said, "Is the best proof of Its civilization. The use of slang at this time by the boy and clrl is natural, ftet them use slang. It la valuable to them." Many of President Hall's listeners re called the fact that the use of slang la not unknown, even In the college class room, Professor Oliver T. Thatcher is one of those Instructors at the .university who find that they can Impress" facts upon the minds of their students by using slang facts that would otherwise fall from the ups or tna teacner unoDservea. Georgia's Colonels. Chicago Record-Herald. Tho people of this country have here tofore regarded Kentucky as our greatest Colonel-producing state, but the census bulletins show that the honor now be longs to Georgia. Unofficially, of course. every man In Kentucky Is a Colonel, but when we consider those who actually pos sess the title. Georgia easily stands first. Governor Candler's staff consists of 63 Colonels and one Brigadier-General. These Colonels the Governor has appointed all by himself since he went into office four years ago, and it Is expected that no will make material additions to the list before his present term expires. Turning from Kentucky, therefore, we readily acknowledge the greatness of the staff of the Governor of Georgia, as far as the mere number of Colonels on It Is concerned, but when It comes to splendor we must Insist that both of the states named are left far In the rear by Illinois. To the best of our knowledge and belief Governor Yates still has the most bril liant, the most gorgeous, the most re splendent and altogether the most lovely- staff of Colonels that the eyes "of men have ever gazed upon. Coal Waste. "London Telegraph. British returns show that the export of coal has been greater this year than last so far, despite th shilling a ton'duty. If scientific workers as a bod7 could be polled It Is pretty certain fhey would not oniy vote for the continuance of the tax,- but for Its Increase. Thus general to the awakening to the fact that, so far as thi3 country is concerned, the exhaustion of its coal Is a matter of the deepest con ccrn. Mr. Dixon, of Glasgow, presiding over the Institution of Mining Engincera the other day. estimated Scotland's output of coal at 32,36,C0O tons, at the same time remarking that the waste of fuel at the collieries themselves wa3 terrible. By the application of inferior kinds to generate electricity by high-pressure steam and Im proved engines, from 8.000.000 to 10.000,000 tons a year might he calculated, be saved. But when the best is done we get out of coal not more than 10 per cent of its heat Ing and power-producing capacity. THINGS LOCAL AND OTHERWISE At the corner of Morrison and Lowns- dale streets -the Scottish Rite Masons are building a temple that will ornament the city as well as rve the special pur pose of its erection. But it is situated where it will not "show off" as it should to the observant stranger. Was it by de sign or did ' it just happen that all the public and semi-publle buildings In Port land, except three, were placed where they do not naturally attract the atten tion of visitors? Did Portland's proverbial con3ervatism Influence private citizens, business concerns, religious organizations. secret societies and public functionaries against taking advantage of situation to jmxlic architectural display? Are we al ways going to put handsome buildings where they will be halt hidden? St Vin cent's Hospital, the postoffice and High School are the exceptions to Portland's rule, and. stretching a polpt for illustra tion, the Children's Home in South Port land. St. Helen's Hall on King's Heights. and Columbia. University down St Johns way. Not one visitor In a hundred) unless his attention Is specially called to It knows that Portland has the second finest Fed eral Building west of the Missouri. It cost a million and would attract more than a glance in Paris or Rome. They put it on Park street at Flanders, or is it Everett? Maybe It is Davis or Gllsan. I asked several men about town who told me they had. never seen the buildln?. Only residents know of the existence of the First Presbyterian Church, a stately edlflce of stone that embodies the best in cathedral architecture, a perfectly pro- portioned structure that will stand for centuries. The City Hall Is a handsomo building in anybody's town, yet visitors who are whisked by the rear "front" as they ride to Portland Heights have small conception of Its interior beauty. There's the Marquam Building with its 200 feet frontage, nine stories high, and the only way to see It Is to stand at the Morrison- street side of the Portland Hotel and bend your head back as far as you can. Its environment on the same block is not impressive. The little beauty of the post office Is soon to be spoiled by "Improve inonts." Unless he should inquire the visitor will not know that we have a beautiful house for our library- Where the ground is level and the streets are narrow, opportunity for "dis- play" Is limited, but great height gives a building, prominence. None of the sky scrapers fall to attract the stranger's observation and all visitors Inquire after a big brewery situate In a hollow be cause It has a very tall smokestack painted red. With the notable exception of tho new . Custom-House, Portland in putting up her buildings made utility the paramount consideration and did not like Seattle, for example, have in view the strangers' admiration. At the Puget Sound metropolis the Imposing publlo houses are set on hills. To reach tho Courthouse from the business district you take a cable car to an elevation equal to the last turn at Portland Heights. The observant stranger. If he has visited Seattle first, notes that Seattle looks "livelier" than Portland, though Seattle's population is smaller and her business far less. There are crowds every evening on the two level streets that constitute the principal retail district. Ten Idlers are to be seen there where one Is seen in Port land. This is accounted for by the largo proportion of men and women who live In rooms and lack the wholesome attrac tion of the round table and the evening lamp. At this season of the year after sundown In the two retail streets with their broad sidewalks, there Is & jam of pleasure-loving, happy-faced youth, to gether with roughs. No line of demarca tion between the decent and the aeml- crimlnal "loafing grounds" like Ankeny street, east of Fifth, exists. Portland's after-dinner idlers scatter over a dozen or more streets, the "tough" element gen erally confining, Itself to the tenderloin. as they say In New York. Another reason why Portland's business streets are not ordinarily crowded of an evening is that two-fifths of the popu lation have homes on the east aide of the river. If the retail district of Port land were embraced in three-quarters of a mile on. say. Fifth and Sixth streets, and all the "promenading" folk on both sides of the river assembled there, the sidewalks could not accommodate tho pe destrians. To see assembled crowds on Portland streets one must take them on Fourth of July. In Seattle. It's the Fourth every day. Ed Lyon remarked on hl3 return from a trip to Puget Sound at the time of the first Klondike boom: "In Portland when a man makes a half dol lor he lays low and makes another hair. In Seattle when a man makes a half, ha gets out on the street and hollers." J. J. Montague has carried his talents to a larger field the largest In the coun try. So flattering an offer came from tho New York Journal that he could not de cllno It and he will join the staff of that paper this week. He did not make a permanent engagement but limited Its term to six months with implied promise for Its Indefinite extension provided "things suited him." I predict that ho will stay in New York. He is only S3 years old and hse just begun to grow. His success here did not disturb his poise and he wears the same size hat now that he did when he was the "cub" reporter of The Oregonlan seven years ago. He Is a natural humorist and all his work Is spontaneous. Many things that he has written in prose and rhyme are worthy of permanent remembrance. A large and goodly company of Oregonlan readers, I feel sure, will Join me In regret at hl3 going and well wishes for new laurels. A Bachelor's Confession. Philadelphia Press. At twenty I most deeply loved A maid whose witching way Captured my heart completrly As she coached me at croquet. Alas! Sho's now a grandmother "With snowy pompadour. "Who. through her lorgnette, watches sa Glide o'er the dancing floor. I felt at thirty In my heart A deeper feeling dawn For one with whom I constantly Played tennis on the lawn. A matron dlsnlfled Is now This early flame of mine. I still admire her fervently. Her dinners are so flne. At forty on the golfing links. A pace qur? often breathless. I followed one for whom my heart Beat with a passion deathless. This later love Is married, too. And grown a trifle stout. "Who, when we meet, most tenderly Inquires about my goau At fifty now my heart is stin In perfect preservation. Although the doctors claim It has Fatty degenaratlon. But yet It feels the self-same thrill "Which It has known so long. When she. the very youngest bud. Is teaching mo ping pong.