THE SUNDAY OBEGONMN, PORTLAND, -AUGUST 10, 1902.
Entered at the Pcstofllce at Portland. Oreron.
as coad-cln matter.
RETCHED SUBSCRIPTION RATES.
By Mall tpostege prepaid )n Adranee)
Dally, with Sunday, per teonth 3,
Dally, Sunday excepted, per year - J
Dallr. with Sunday, per year g J
Sunday, per year - J
The "Weekly, per year 1 5?
The Weekly. 3 months w
To City Subscribers
Dally, per week, delivered, Sunday escepted.Ws
Dally, per week. dellveredBundays lncluded.30o
POSTAGE RATES.
United States. Canada and Mexico: ,
29 ! Ii-ptce PPer 2
i to CS-pac paper................. -
Foreign rates double.
News or discussion Intended for publication
In The Oregonlan should be addrsed Invaria
bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name
of any Individual. Letters relating to adror
ttolag. subscriptions or to any business matter
should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan."
Eastern Business Office. 42. 4.'. 43
Tribune building. New Tork City; 810-11-13
tribune building. Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlih
Epedal Agency. Eastern repreeentattra.
For sale In San Francisco by L. E. Lee. Pal
ace Hotel new stand: Goldsmith Bros.. 233
Sutter street; F. TV. Pitts. 1O0S Market street:
J. K. Cooper Co.. 748 Market strent. near the
Palace Hotel: Foster & Orear. Ferry news
stand; Frank Scott. 80 Ellis street, and 2f.
Wbeatley. 813 Mission street.
For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner.
i9 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Halnea. 305
Co. Cprlng street.
For sale In Sacramento by Sacramento News
Co., 420 K. street. Sacramento, Cat.
For sale In Chicago by the P. O. 2Cews Co..
217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald.
CS "Washing-ton street.
For tale In Omaha by BarValow Ero.. 1012
Famam street; Mcgcath Stationery Co., 1203
Farnam street. '
For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News
Co.. 77 W. Second South street.
For sale In Minneapolis by R. G. Hearsey .&
Co.. 24 Third Ftreet Eouth.
For eal In "Washington. D. C., by the Ebbett
House aewff stand.
For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton &
Kendrlck. 808-012 Seventeenth street; Louthaa
& Jackson Book 4b Stationery Co.. 16th and
Lawrence street; A. Series. Sixteenth and Cur
tis streets.
TODAY'S "WEATHER Increasing cloudiness.
possibly followed by showers by Sunday night
cr Monday morning: cooler. Northerly winos.
shifting to southerly.
TESTERDAT'S "WEATHER Maximum ten
uerature. 03 dec minimum temperature. CO
deg.; no precipitation.
PORTLAND, SUXDAY, AUGUST 10.
THE BRITISH THRONE.
Fixed as It stands in the organic life
and the traditions of the nation ana in
the affections of the people, the British
throne does not escape challenge as to
its right of continued existence. TJtill
tarlan and unimaginative statecraft lets
no occasion pass to question the prac
tical usefulness and the right to na
tional support of an institution whose
participation in the government of the
realm is little more than perfunctory,
to decry it as a relic of medievalism
and an outworn survival of times and
conditions before Englishmen were free
men, to sneer at it as spectacular, triv
ial, ridiculous. This attitude toward
the British throne is not uncommon in
America, where the stability of our Na
tional character and the unexampled
prosperity o2 our National and popular
life are pointed to as Illustrations mark
ing the practical superiority of popular
as compared with traditional systems
and institutions.
But no conservative Englishman, no
thoughtful American who has ever lived
in England, no student of the world's
life and affairs has ever been heard to
voice these opinions or anything akin
to them. And so far as England her
self Is concerned, it Is certain that a
serloua proposal to abolish the throne,
if submitted to the popular judgment,
would, outside the ranks of avowed so
cialism and anarchy, meet with univer
sal and overwhelming protest. The
throne Is the foundation stone of Brit
ish national sentiment the universal
object of affection and devotion. There
is bound up in it every sentimental in-
terest and feeling which marks the"
English character.
No thoughtful man will consent that
an institution so related to the patrl
otio sensibilities of a whole people is a
thing to be regarded lightly. From our
National point of view it Is a useless
thing, and, in truth, something of an
absurdity; from the broad rational
standpoint it Is a fiction, merely typify
ing political dignities and powers which
it no longer holds' In fact; but being
all this, it is a thing of commanding
power for It still reigns with undimin
ished sway over the imagination of the
English race, and to a very great ex
tent of the whole world. And, though
its effective particlpatlonin affairs of
state long ago ceased, It Is still, as the
English mind is constituted, a thing of
practical political use. for It serves to
lift the patriotic sense of the country
above the vulgar level of partisanship
and factionalism. It has this extraor
dinary value, that it gives to the polit
ical life of the Nation an exalted, defl-
ov. nntrlntln lcnl tfVl!rVl Ttrfetln It
. - .1
may not control political action, reacts
tim,t to ivhirh r.nmii
upon the sentiments to which political
conduct must finally appeal for ap
proval. "We have in our higher
political literature In the Declara
tlon of Independence, In the Fare
well Address, in the greater speeches
of Webster, in the immortal phrases
of Lincoln something of the same
sort, but it is not in such, form
as to be Impressively and constantly
before the public. It lacks the effect
ive and continuing power which at
taches to the British throne with its
various and constant appeals to the
public attention under conditions which
emphasize and magnify its ideal sug'
ge3tlons.
It is, however, In the social sphere-
a sphere vastly more Important in an
old country like England tnan in a
new one like our own that the powers
of the British throne are greatest and
most conspicuously displayed. How ef
fective these powers may be when
wisely exercised has been illustrated by
the career of the late Queen in many
ways. "When Victoria came to the
throne the princely and aristocratic
world of England was, broadly speak
ing, a world of debauchery. Every vice
that can be named decently, and some
that cannot flourished under the suffer
ance if not the avowed protection of
fashion. What changes were wrought
by the example and the influence of this
pure woman exercised through such
powers as attach to the throne needs
not to be recited, for they are part of
the familiar history of the last cen
tury. Through these changes the do
mestic virtues wert made fashionable
in England, while the forpe of English
royal example spreading to the courts
of the Continent and from the courts to
the ranks below, did more in a few
years for the morallzatlon of conduct
than all the preachers of all the sects
had been able to do In a generation.
Valued and revered as the British
throne is, it has no assurance of per
petuity because it has no real and
definite function essential to the na
tional life. "So long as the su6cession
cf respectable, presentable, complaisant
Princes continues, so long as the throne
remains a source of pride to the English
people and no obstacle to their pur
poses. It vril atand unquestionably. But
let there come to It a race Qf shameless
and intriguing Princes -of the Stuart
type, let the throne take stand in oppo
sition to some fixed national purpose,
and there may happen something that
will recall the misfortunes of Charles I
and of the ill-starred James IL The
English race, where privilege is con
cerned, Is slow to wrath, but it has
shown and shown again how terrible
its wrath may be and how little, when
its fiercer mood Is opce thoroughly
aroused. It cares for' the restraints of
tradition, how little It respects the
princely rank.
Any political institution whose hold
upon existence rests upon tradition ,and
sentiment, which serves no real and
timely purpose, and which has no In
herent powers of self-protection, is in
some danger. This Is the case of the
British throne. It is not In danger in
any Immediate sense, for It rests secure
in the undoubted affection and patriotic
devotion of the British people; but cir
cumstances may easily be imagined in
which this foundation stone of a great
nationality would be swept In an hour
Into the limbo of departed grandeurs.
CATHOLICS AXD FIIIARS.
The convention of Federated Catholic
Societies at Chicago did not act wisely
In rejecting the resolution of Mr. Keat
ing that the delegates dismiss the
friars and the Philippine school ques
tions with a mere expression of satis
faction with the manner in which the
subject is being handled by the Vatican
and the Administration. Mr. Heating's
resolution said all that was necessary
to say. The resolutions which were
substituted contain a good deal of
verbiage without saying anything in
particular that was necessary to say.
Archbishop Ireland a few days ago
said that the pope has a better under
standing of the whole subject than even
those who "will insist on telling him
how to handle it" He is ready to pro
ceed with the negotiations at Manila,
"oyer which," he told Judge Taft. "I
will watch personally." The pope has
agreed that the friars shall not be sent
back to their narlshes. "where their
oresence would nrovoke trouble." and
hag pr0mlsed that he will gradually
introduce into the Philippines Catholic
clergy of other nationalities, especlally
Amerlcan. The act relating to the gov
ernment of the Philippines includes this
provision:
That no law shall be made respecting an es
tablishment of religion or prohibiting the free
exercise thereof, and that the free exercise
and enjoyment of religious profession and wor
ship, without "discrimination or preference,
shall be forever, allowed.
The interests of the Catholics are
fully guarded by the act The lands to
be acquired from the friars under the
right of eminent domain are to be paid
for, and the Vatican notified Judge
Taf t that "the apostolic delegate soon
to be sent to the Philippines" will enter
Into relations with the authorities con
cerning the acquisition, and the Vati
can, through Cardinal Rampolla, pro
posed that "the Philippine Government
shall buy the lands of the four relig
ious orders concerned, the holy see act
ing as intermediary." These' facts snow
that Archbishop Ireland was right when
he said that the .pope has a better un
derstanding of the whole subjeot than
'those who Insist on telling him how
to handle it".
The question of the friars and their
relation to the peaceful establishment
of our authority is a question of fact
which has been presented to the Vati
can, which has intelligence and diplo
matic skill ample to guard every inter
est of the Catholic Church. , The pope
Is a great statesman who knows that
the peaceful establishment of our au
thority is as Important to the Roman
Catholic Church in the Philippines as
It Is to the Roman Catholic Church In
the United States. The pope as a rule
stands by the powers that be. Even In
France he deprecates opposition to the
Republic.
A Roman Catholic priest writes the
New York Sun that the opposition of
the Filipinos, Catholic and non-Catholic,
to the Dominican and Franciscan fath
ers Is largely a case of landlordism and
tenancy; that the Filipino people are
firmly attached to their native priests,
to the Jesuits and to any and all Catho
lic clergymen who do not belong to the
landlord class. The Filipinos cannot
forget that the Dominican and Fran
ciscan friars have for a century acted
as .the political agents of the Spanish
Government
Even the secular clergy of the Philip
pines clamor for the withdrawal of the
Spanish friars. The Rev. Father Hart
now military chaplain at Fort Meade,
South Dakota, after having served two
vnara n'itVi niir fnrrva In tnf Tnllln-
Pines, says: "The native priests are In-
tensely opposed to the members of those
orders, for the special reason that they
are never Intrusted by the friars with
responsible positions. All the bishops
of the Islands were members of the re
ligious orders. The orders had a mo
nopoly of religion, and, however well
Intentloned the directors of a monopoly
are, it will always, in the long run, and
necessarily so, induce opposition and
hatred."
TIMELY SUGGESTIONS.
Members of the Oregon Humane So
clety should be on the alert these days.
The tendency of the Inconsiderate and
the brutal to overload horses Is not
checked by the heat, which reduces
greatly the animal's powers of endur
ance, nor do such men take into con
slderatlon the increased thirst Induced
by hot weather, except to quench It in
themselves by increasing their beer sup
ply. It is one of the most common
sights at this time to see horses stand
ing at the noon hour in the blazing
sun. their harness on their backs,
munching their oats from unventllated
gunny bags, stamping and fighting files,
while their drivers are lolling in the
shade hard by, their coats off, restfully
partaking of their noonday meal. This
represents the most inexcusable care
lessness of the comfort of horses, and
from the standpoint of economy in
force, it is wasteful. It requires but a
few. minutes to remove the harness
from the tired, panting, perspiring
brutes, and where shade Is so abundant
there Is no excuse whatever for expos-
ing them to the hot sun while they are
resting (?) and eating their noon oats.
Ventilated nosebags are a necessity for
noon feeding, If the comfort of the anl
mals is to be regarded. These are little
things, but they .contribute .largely to
the sum total of comfort for heavily
worked horses in hot weather. Owners
are more apt to regard these little
things In the care of horses than are
teamsters hired to work a street oon
tractor's plant, or woodhaulers driving
teams belonging to their employers.
The latter are to blame in this case if
their teams are not provided with feed
ing bags and their proper care In all
respects insisted upon. It becomes
members of the Humane Society to
walk abroad with their eyes open, to
the end that these details In the care of
workhorses are not overlooked during
the heated term, and that suffering
teams are not overloaded. It may be
hoped that all of the members of this
organization are not absent on their
vacation, since there Is but one other
period In the year in which their efforts
In behalf of dumb creatures are-so
greatly needed as in midsummer; that,
of course. Is at midwinter, if at that
time heavy storms prevail. The mem
bers of the Humane Society have proved
that they are earnest and charitable
men and women. Possibly their efforts
have not received the financial support
that they deserve. It would be well if
the sympathy of other men and women
who have not yet been attracted to the
society could be enlisted. The surest
way to do this is to call public atten
tion to the need of vigilance that will
at once instruct the Indifferent in the
care of animals and compel the cruel to
observe the law of kindness In their
treatment.
SAVING HOYS FIUOI CRIME.
A question which, confronts the wise
men of the present age with great seri
ousness is that of preventing turbulent
boys from becoming criminals. This
question is one of growing Importance
in every urban community, wherein
Idleness combines with evil associations
and too often with lack of home ex
ample and training to lead boys Into
mischief, then Jnto skulking misdemean
ors, and so on Into crimes of greater or
less magnitude, of which, for the pro
tection of society, the law must take
cognizance. What to do with boys up
to the age of 18 or 20 years, who are
haled before the preliminary courts
upon charges of theft of defacing build
ings, of stoning Chinamen, of brutality
to boys younger than themselves, upon
all of which charges lads under the
ages mentioned have been before the
minor courts In this city within a few
months, Is a question that It has per
plexed magistrates, distressed parents
and taxed the resources and power of
the Boys' and Girls' Aid Society to the
utmost to solve. As yet no regular plan
has Been formulated which promises
satisfactory solution, even In a majority
of cases. Every suburban section of the
city has Its "gang," composed of boys
ranging in years from 10 to 20, members
of which are not infrequently arrested
for malicious mischief or petty crimes.
The utmost vlsrllance on the part of
the police I is required to locate these
incipient criminals, who are In training
for the convicts' ranks. Arrest and
conviction secured, what then? The
Boys' and Girls' Aid Society assumes
charge of the younger and less flagrant
cases; the Reform School and the PenI
tentlary yawn for the older and more
flagrant, but with all that has been
done seemingly with all that can be
done along present lines, the "gangs"
thrive and their members multiply.
New Tork City, after struggling In
a desultory way with this problem for
many years, at last settled down to
the parole system as furnishing the best
results in dealing with Juvenile offend
ero who are on the high road to crlmin
ailty. Humane, reformatory, at once
scientific and sympathetic, the workings
of this system are profoundly Interest
Ing. On a specified day In each month
the Court of Special Sessions hears the
reports of the parole class from Mr.
David Wlllard, who, as special agent of
the court, has them in charge. The
class Is summoned one at a time to
listen to the reading of the reports
Upon the character of these reports
each made out after personal investi
gation by Mr. Wlllard depends the re
newal of the paroles, the suspension of
sentences, or imprisonment and punish
ment for tjie misdemeanors for which
the lads were originally convicted.
Each lad as his name Is called comes
forward arid takes his place at the bar.
There aro always three of the five
Judges on the bench. In cases where
the parole has lasted two months with
conduct satisfactory to the boy's em
pioyer employment being a necessary
feature of the parole the court sus
pends sentence and the presiding Judge
gives the lad his freedom and his
chance to become an honest citizen. In
cases where one month's parole shows
satisfactory results the term Is renewed
for another month, with the promise of
freedom at its end. In such cases the
lad is counseled by the presiding Judge
in earnest tones to remember how much
depends upon himself. In cases where
the reports show boys to have been Idle,
thriftless and chafing under restraint
admonition In words suited to the case
is given, the court becoming at once
a counsellor and guide and Impressing
upon the lad the fact that he Is being
kindly but firmly helped to help him
self. There is shown here, not stern
Justice, inexorable In Its mandates, but
a wise and benignant principle that
cares more lor the welfare of human
lty than for the technical enforcement
of the law. It Is only when the boy has
refused to work, has been stubborn and
bent on evil ways, that he Is conducted
from the court by a policeman under
sentence for a term In prison or in some
penal Institution, where he may be said
to enter upon a life of perpetual crlm
Inality.
Mr. Willard is authority for thetate
ment that as a result of this system out
of 130 cases brought up for trial 105
will be kept out of prison. Out of this
number, at least 85 will prove them
selves worthy and will enter upon
self-respecting career. The other 20 will
go to Jail. The saving to the state of
boys with good possibilities; the sav
Jng of boys to themselves, the ultimate
making of good citizens, are the prime
objects In view.
The substitution of prevention for
punishment Is the far wiser course In
dealing with the young. Beyond a cer
tain age that varies in Individuals ac
cording to temperament and early asso
ciations, prevention is not possible and
resort must be had to punishment. At
this point followed by the association
In prison with older and more hardened
criminals, hope may well abandon "the
field and leave the young man to the
restraints and penalties that the law,
for the safety of society, must Impose.
There Is co color line In St Thomas.
Intermarriage between the whites and
blacks is very common. The Dance do
not appear to have any strong preju
dice against intermixture of whites and
blacks. The "color line" Is much
fainter in these islands than it is in
Cuba or Porto Rico. One of the most
cultivated Englishmen on the Islands
has a wife of mixed blood. In social
relations color makes no appreciable
difference. People choose their friends
regardless of everything save conduct
and intelligence. The majority of the
Colonial Council is black, and are, of
course, admitted to Government House
levoes and dinners and dances. Intel
ligence, manners and money fix a per
son's place In St. Thomas society. The
census takes no account of white or
black, but only of male and female. In
making Its classification. There are
some exceedingly well-educated young
black women whose father Is the son of
negres3 and a Brooklyn Irishman, and
is so white and so charming in his
manners and character that nobody
would suspect that he was a half-blood.
This man and his family, and others
like them, are under present conditions
In St Thomas Just what they would
be If they were white. If we should
finally purchase these islands, the "ne
gro problem" now absent would prob
ably appear.
THE OREGON SUMMER.
The Springfield Republican, in a re
cent Issue, had a beautiful article de
scriptive of the peculiar charm of the
New England Summer. It was. written
by one who possessed not only the" po
etic temperament which Js quickly ap
prehensive of the outward beauty of
Nature, but who had a field botanist's
knowledge of the wild flora of the At
lantic Coast It was an attractive and
accurate picture of all that is charming
to the eye of the tourist who Bpends
the Summer months In the Berkshire
Hills of Massachusetts, the Green
Mountains, of Vermont the White Hills
of New Hampshire, or the woods of
Maine. And yet to an Oregonlan who
13 familiar with the finest scenery of his
own state, this tale of the charm of
New England scenery. Its mountain
outlook. Its beautiful "wild flora, that
illuminate its dark bogs and decorate
its fields and forests, would seem qhlef
ly to remind him that Oregon was
better endowed In all these respects by
Nature than New England.
We have often talked over this ques
tion of the beauty of Oregon scenery
and the blandness of its climate, com
pared with. the best and brightest pic
tures of New England's face and cli
mate with Eastern born and bred men,
and they have without exception ad
mitted that every mountain-bom or
hill-bred young man from New Eng
land nails the sight of our peaks after
crossing the plains as a thirsty trav
eler halls water In a desert land.
From Chicago to the Rockies and
the Blue Mountains of Oregon the
country 13 flat and treeless, but
when the Eastern tourist reaches Ore
gon he finds the hills of New England
swelled to Impressive mountains; he
finds the trees of New England grown
to giant forests; he finds the Connecti
cut' a feeble mountain stream compared
with the mighty Columbia; he finds the
Catsklll Hills of the Hudson lifted to
the dignity of the Cascade Mountains.
If he comes in July, he finds no Sum
mer days and nights made wretched
and reposeless for humanity by the
torrid temperature that is common in
July in the North Atlantic States; If
be Is an angler, he can find trout with
out being wrapped in a cloud of mos
quitoes as with a garment; if he Is fond
of mountain climbing, the beautiful
snow-white peaks of Hood, Adams and
St. Helens are a perpetual challenge.
If he Is a hunter, he can soon fill his
bag; if he is a botanist he will find
hundreds of beautiful wild plants new
and strange to a collector from the At
lantic Coast He will miss some of his
favorites, but their absence will be
more than made up for by the presence
of quite as beautiful representatives
of the same tribe. He will not And the
New England clethra, which whitens
the thickets of New England In July,
but he will And a far more beautiful
shrub In our splraea-ariaefolla; he will
miss the purple bog orchids of New
England, but he will find an orchid
aulte as beautiful In the habenarla
leucho-stachys; he will not find the
same wealth and variety of goldenrod
that is found in New England, but he
will find an army of wild lilies that
surpasses the coarse wild field lily of
New England.
So charming Is the cool Summer of
Oregon and so mild Is its short Winter
that more than one Eastern critic after
granting all that was claimed for Its
natural attractiveness of climate, soli
and scenery, said:
"Yes all that Is claimed for Oregon
Is true, and sometimes I think it is a
pity It Is true. Your Summers are cool;
your Winters are short and mild; your
climate and soil permit the easy culture
of all the vegetables, grain and fruit
of the temperate zone; you are in easy
reach of the California market and Its
seml-troplcal fruit; you have plenty of
timber and fuel; your woods are full
of game, and jour waters, both Inland
and marine, are full of excellent food
fishes; you are too well 'fixed,' too for
tunately furnished by Nature for your
own good. You need a harder soil,
more difficult situation, to make you
develop Into a very energetic, pushing,
adventurous, ambitious, people."
This criticism Is specious, plausible,
but not profound. The StateB of Ore
gon, Washington and California are on
the rim of the circle, and of course no
such rapid development can be ex
pected of them a9 of the great states
of the Middle West and the North At
lantic seaboard, that are close to the
great trade heart of the country. No
man as a rule works any harder than
be is obliged to; the Pacific Coast States
have always risen to the level of their
opportunity, and It Is not their fault,
but the fault of the East, that the
Isthmian Canal Is not yet built When
that canal is built something of our
disadvantage for catching a fair share
of the world's trade will be removed
The promptness with which the people
of Oregon and Washington braved the
perils of goldseeklng In the Klondike
Is proof that they are as hardy, as dar
ing and adventurous as the people of
the East.
We do not believe that the bland ell
mate of Oregon and the comparative
ease of existence indicates any deter
ioration in the stock of its people,
When the Civil War broke out It was
freely predicted that the Northern sol
dler would not endure the Summer
heats of Louisiana and Mississippi, and
that the Southern people would be dell
dent not in valor, but in manufactur
ing energy and . mechanical. Inventive
skill. Experience proved that the
Northern soldier fought as well in July
at Port Hudson and VIcksburg as did
the Confederates, and that the South
was as energetic In war and as much
distinguished by Inventive, mechanical
skill as the North. Today the children
of the listless poor whites of 18p0 are
Industrious and energetic cotton factory
operatives. There is no clear proof that
a mild climate, a fertile soli In a land
well timbered and well watered ever
.made Its Inhabitants Indolent, unambl
tious arid luxurious. The most lndom
liable, energetic soldier of antiquity,
Hannibal, was born and bred in North
Africa; the most energetic, athletic and
gallant race In South Africa are the
Zulus. Climate, easy environment doe's
not destroy the native force of a vigor
ous race; they always rise with their
opportunity
TAKING ACCOUNT OF LOSSES.
In taking account of the losses Inci
dent to the coal miners' strike, the dam
age to the collieries, more or les3 per
manent but in all cases calling for ex
tensive and expensive repairs, have not
until recently been Included In the esti
mates. The report of William Stein,
State MJne Inspector, gives in detail
upon this point conditions and figures
that are appalling. He finds that five
mines In the Shenandoah district have
been rendered useless by flooding and
permanently abandoned by the compa
nies. These mines have approximately
a value of $1,500,000. In case the strike
were ended tomorrow, only fourteen out
of the thirty-Bbc mines In his Jurisdic
tion would be ready to resume work at
once, while the five above noted are.
for all practical purposes, permanently
disabled. This latter fact alone means
that at least 2000 miners would have to
seek employment elsewhere, which It
would probably be very difficult for
them to find. This situation illustrates
forclblj' the familiar proverb about kill
ing the goose that laid the golden egg.
It confirms the belief in certain quarters
that a full resumption of coal mining
will not, under the most amicable and
speedy settlement of differences, take
place this year.
This showing aside. It is stated that
the cost of the strike for the first
eleven weeks was about 560,000,000. Of
this vast sum, $27,000,000 Is assessed to
the operators In loss on coal that would
have been mined during the Idle period
and nearly $13,000,000 to the men to
cover the wages they would have been
paid, had they kept at work. These are
monstrous sums.and they represent es
timates mat are largely prooiemaiicai.
It is certain that the loss Is enormous,
ana that it falls heavily on ail con
cerned, Including consumers who.
sooner or later, will have to make good
at least the operators' share of it.
A feature that promises some relief
Is the migration of many of the strik
ers, large numbers of whom have gone
from the anthracite to the bituminous
fields, and at least 15,000 of whom, from
the foreign colony, have returned to
Europe. This Is a feature of the situa
tion that deserves hearty encourage
ment. The departure of Idlers -slmpli
fles the problem of distributing relief.
It conduces also to peace and order In
region where heretofore labor dis
agreements have led to grave infrac
tions of the law. That large numbers
of men are able to seek work elsewhere
speaks well for them, for the operators
and for the public. It should conduce
materially to the early ending of this
expensive struggle.
Some confusion has arisen in the pub
11c mind as to the purposes of the Wash
ington Pilot Commissioners In their op
orations at the Columbia River bar.
and through somebody's interested ac
th'lty it has been given out that the
outcome of the Washington movement
is to be a close combination among
pilots, with rates higher than before.
The Oregonlan has reason to believe
that this prophecy will not be fulfilled
In the course of a recent talk with an
Oregonlan writer, Governor McBrlde
said that his Interest ln matters at the
bar was purely to promote the service.
To that end he had put one Board of
Pilot Commissioners out of office and
substituted a new one; "and," added the
Governor, significantly, "If one change
falla to bring the right result, it will
be easy to make another." The Gov-
ernor stated with special emphasis that
the fact that an old statute allowed a
rate higher than that charged by the
Oregon pilots would not control in the
operations of the Washington men. The
whole purpose of the Washington move
ment, he declared, was to aid the com
merce of the Columbia River, in which
Washington is as directly interested as
Oregon.
The growth of the sheep Industry in
the Rocky Mountain States In the past
quarter of a century has been enor
mous. It has. In fact, been created In
that section within that period, this be
ing especially the case in Montana
which state, as will be showD by spe
clal reports soon to be published by the
Department of Agriculture, now leads
In sheepralslng and the production of
wool. About twenty-five years ago the
first band of sheep was taken into Mon
tana, and this small flock has Increased
until now, according to the department':
figures, there are over 6,200,000 sheep
in the state. In the year 1901 8,000.000
lambs were added to the flocks of Mon
tana, and 14,000,000 pounds of wool were
produced at an average of 13.48
pound. Prosperity speaks in facts like
these. They are wholly outside of the
domain of politics, except as any Intel
ligect people may be expected to rec
ognlze and approve by their votes at the
right time a National policy by which
expansion of Industry is promoted and
prosperity Is assured.
Vermont begins today her celebration
of "Old Home Week," frbm the 10th to
the 16th Inst Up on Stratton Mountain,
near the spot where Daniel Webster
spoke to a mass Whig convention In
the famous Harrison campaign of 1840,
a memorial celebration will be held,
The event will mark the 50th anniver
sary of Webster'3 death, and initial
steps will be taken to erect a suitable
monument on the spot where Webster
spoke.
A careless camper, whose name, for
tunately for himself. Is not known, who
did not extinguish the embers In his
campflre before moving on, Is reaponsi
ble for the alarm, the hard work and
the damage that has resulted from the
fire that has run wild In the woods and
undergrowth near Mllwaukle In the
past few days. It Is a pity Chat he can
not be apprehended and brought to
proper punishment
Goldwin Smith, who took a first class
both In classics and mathematics
Oxford, who won both the Ireland and
the Hertford classical scholarships, and
who was made regius professor of mod
ern history at Oxford, does not hesitate
to' say that in his opinion as good an
education Is obtainable at the best
American universities as at either Ox
ford or Cambridge.
Mr. Dosch shows not impatience, but
wisdom born of experience In such
mattera when he urges our people to be
up and doing in the matter of the Lewis
and Clark Fair. There is no time to
lose., yet in his Judgment valuable time
is being lost
CONDITIONS IN CUBA.
New. York Commercial-Advertiser.
The " failure Of a well-known exporting
and commission firm of this city yesterday
was evidently caused by the failure of.
a Havana firm with whose business it
was closely connected. Under ordinary
circumstances such a failure would not
excite unusual comment. The general
stagnation of business at Havana is.
however, in a peculiar sense the concern
of Americans. In this case, according to
report, it was not a sugar firm In that
city that failed, but as sugar and tobacco
are the staple Industries of Cuba it Is
fair to presume that their precarious con
ditlqn Is largely responsible for that of
all other Industries dependent upon them.
Besides, whatever business, connections
New York has with Havana and other
Cuban cities must suffer from the paraly
sis of trade and commerce which is rap
Idly overtaking the Island! What would
be under ordinary .circumstances a busi
ness incident not calling for special notice
Is In this case, we repeat a symptom
from which additional failures In the near
future may be inferred.
The reliable and abundant testimony
as to Cuba's Industrial condition has
obviated the necessity of adding in
stances. With the planters selling at
loss, the collapse of practically all
business activity there is assured as
firmly as if the United States had con-
pired to bring it about an event which
this country alone has the plenary power
to do." The refusal of reciprocity Is,
therefore, once more emphasized from the
point of view of the helpless condition of
Cuba. As to the responsibility for this.
there Is Just as much need now for fixing
it accurately as there was when the
struggle between beet-sugar Senators and
congressmen ana loyal .Republicans was
at its height Senator O. H. Piatt in an
article In the August North American
Review tries apparently to convince his
readers that the people of this country
began to entertain suspicions about Cuba,
as If the beet-sugar legislators had gath
ered their inspiration from a popular re
vulsloa of feeling against our political
ward. Nothing could be more emphat
ically contradicted by the mere facts,
Senator Piatt doubts wnether 1 per cent
of our people, before the assembling of
Congress, would have tolerated the Idea
of neglecting Cuba, but says that there
developed during the Winter and early
Summer a sentiment, founded on misap
prehension ana prejuaicc, wnicn was
Etrong enough temporarily to defeat rec
iprocity. Developed where and among
wnom7 Simply at the resort of beet-
sugar men, whether in their offices, fac
tories or the Congressional lobby, and no
where else.
Senator Piatt Is sound enoutrh on the
question of public feeling In regard to
Cuban reciprocity. But he has no right
to say that public feeling veered for a
moment from the true course. What has
It done upon the first opportunity? Turned
cown lour Congressmen In Michigan, af
firmed the President s views in several
state conventions, and In one or two
cases ha3 unsettled the political prospects
of those who in Republican districts have
tried to stand by the letter of tho beet-
sugar Interests. Mr. Piatt can say,
therefore, with unwarrantable assurance
that tho people will let their voice ba
heard when tho betrayal of Cuba comes
to be voted on this Fall, and that the
pledge of the United States Is not to be
violated cither In letter or in spirit
V
SAYS CHILDREN NEED SLANG.
College President Declares It Aids
Them to Ifcconie Fluent.
"Boys and girls need slang. It's .good
for them. Let them use It. It keeps them
from becoming tongue-bound. If a young
ster tells you of a 'hunch,' or a 'straight
tip,' or a 'pipe don't correct him and
give him a stiff substitute. He has found
the right word."
Five hundred prim schoolma'ams and
masters gasped with astonishment when
these words were spoken by Professor G.
Stanley Hall, president of Clark Univer
sity, In an open lecture to the Summer
school at the University of Chicago re
cently. He Is considered one of the fore
most educators in America. Nearly all tho
Summer, students arte teachers. They
stopped taking notes and waited for the
speaker to explain himself.
"Slang aids the young man or young
woman of 14 to 19 yeara of age to acquire
fluency," asserted Rrealdent Hall. "When
the emotional side of a boy or girl is
being developed during adolescence, mid
way between tho period when speech comes
slowly and they lack the power of expres
sion, and the time when they begin to
express themselves more freely and easily,
the use of slang is esoential and ought to
be allowed frco play."
Young men and young women during the
period of adolescence havo greater pow
ers of perception, according to President
Hall, but what they gain In perceptive
power they lose In the ability to express
what they sae and feel. A new world
opens before them, and they have no
words with which to express themselves.
It is at this time, he said, that slang is
of most use. It helps growing boys and
girls because It provides them with an
easy means of expression, and at the same
timo a very emphatic means.
Parents, teachers and ministers nre
charged by the speaker with paying too
little attention to the child at this .period.
'Howa nation treats adolescence," he said,
"Is the best proof of Its civilization. The
use of slang at this time by the boy and
clrl is natural, ftet them use slang. It
la valuable to them."
Many of President Hall's listeners re
called the fact that the use of slang la not
unknown, even In the college class room,
Professor Oliver T. Thatcher is one of
those Instructors at the .university who
find that they can Impress" facts upon the
minds of their students by using slang
facts that would otherwise fall from the
ups or tna teacner unoDservea.
Georgia's Colonels.
Chicago Record-Herald.
Tho people of this country have here
tofore regarded Kentucky as our greatest
Colonel-producing state, but the census
bulletins show that the honor now be
longs to Georgia. Unofficially, of course.
every man In Kentucky Is a Colonel, but
when we consider those who actually pos
sess the title. Georgia easily stands first.
Governor Candler's staff consists of 63
Colonels and one Brigadier-General. These
Colonels the Governor has appointed all
by himself since he went into office four
years ago, and it Is expected that no will
make material additions to the list before
his present term expires.
Turning from Kentucky, therefore, we
readily acknowledge the greatness of the
staff of the Governor of Georgia, as far as
the mere number of Colonels on It Is
concerned, but when It comes to splendor
we must Insist that both of the states
named are left far In the rear by Illinois.
To the best of our knowledge and belief
Governor Yates still has the most bril
liant, the most gorgeous, the most re
splendent and altogether the most lovely-
staff of Colonels that the eyes "of men
have ever gazed upon.
Coal Waste.
"London Telegraph.
British returns show that the export of
coal has been greater this year than last
so far, despite th shilling a ton'duty. If
scientific workers as a bod7 could be polled
It Is pretty certain fhey would not oniy
vote for the continuance of the tax,- but
for Its Increase. Thus general to the
awakening to the fact that, so far as thi3
country is concerned, the exhaustion of
its coal Is a matter of the deepest con
ccrn. Mr. Dixon, of Glasgow, presiding
over the Institution of Mining Engincera
the other day. estimated Scotland's output
of coal at 32,36,C0O tons, at the same time
remarking that the waste of fuel at the
collieries themselves wa3 terrible. By the
application of inferior kinds to generate
electricity by high-pressure steam and Im
proved engines, from 8.000.000 to 10.000,000
tons a year might he calculated, be saved.
But when the best is done we get out of
coal not more than 10 per cent of its heat
Ing and power-producing capacity.
THINGS LOCAL AND OTHERWISE
At the corner of Morrison and Lowns-
dale streets -the Scottish Rite Masons
are building a temple that will ornament
the city as well as rve the special pur
pose of its erection. But it is situated
where it will not "show off" as it should
to the observant stranger. Was it by de
sign or did ' it just happen that all the
public and semi-publle buildings In Port
land, except three, were placed where
they do not naturally attract the atten
tion of visitors? Did Portland's proverbial
con3ervatism Influence private citizens,
business concerns, religious organizations.
secret societies and public functionaries
against taking advantage of situation to
jmxlic architectural display? Are we al
ways going to put handsome buildings
where they will be halt hidden? St Vin
cent's Hospital, the postoffice and High
School are the exceptions to Portland's
rule, and. stretching a polpt for illustra
tion, the Children's Home in South Port
land. St. Helen's Hall on King's Heights.
and Columbia. University down St Johns
way.
Not one visitor In a hundred) unless his
attention Is specially called to It knows
that Portland has the second finest Fed
eral Building west of the Missouri. It
cost a million and would attract more
than a glance in Paris or Rome. They
put it on Park street at Flanders, or is it
Everett? Maybe It is Davis or Gllsan. I
asked several men about town who told
me they had. never seen the buildln?.
Only residents know of the existence of
the First Presbyterian Church, a stately
edlflce of stone that embodies the best
in cathedral architecture, a perfectly pro-
portioned structure that will stand for
centuries. The City Hall Is a handsomo
building in anybody's town, yet visitors
who are whisked by the rear "front" as
they ride to Portland Heights have small
conception of Its interior beauty. There's
the Marquam Building with its 200 feet
frontage, nine stories high, and the only
way to see It Is to stand at the Morrison-
street side of the Portland Hotel and
bend your head back as far as you can.
Its environment on the same block is not
impressive. The little beauty of the post
office Is soon to be spoiled by "Improve
inonts." Unless he should inquire the
visitor will not know that we have a
beautiful house for our library-
Where the ground is level and the
streets are narrow, opportunity for "dis-
play" Is limited, but great height gives a
building, prominence. None of the sky
scrapers fall to attract the stranger's
observation and all visitors Inquire after
a big brewery situate In a hollow be
cause It has a very tall smokestack
painted red. With the notable exception
of tho new . Custom-House, Portland in
putting up her buildings made utility the
paramount consideration and did not
like Seattle, for example, have in view
the strangers' admiration. At the Puget
Sound metropolis the Imposing publlo
houses are set on hills. To reach tho
Courthouse from the business district you
take a cable car to an elevation equal to
the last turn at Portland Heights.
The observant stranger. If he has visited
Seattle first, notes that Seattle looks
"livelier" than Portland, though Seattle's
population is smaller and her business far
less. There are crowds every evening on
the two level streets that constitute the
principal retail district. Ten Idlers are to
be seen there where one Is seen in Port
land. This is accounted for by the largo
proportion of men and women who live
In rooms and lack the wholesome attrac
tion of the round table and the evening
lamp. At this season of the year after
sundown In the two retail streets with
their broad sidewalks, there Is & jam of
pleasure-loving, happy-faced youth, to
gether with roughs. No line of demarca
tion between the decent and the aeml-
crimlnal "loafing grounds" like Ankeny
street, east of Fifth, exists. Portland's
after-dinner idlers scatter over a dozen
or more streets, the "tough" element gen
erally confining, Itself to the tenderloin.
as they say In New York.
Another reason why Portland's business
streets are not ordinarily crowded of an
evening is that two-fifths of the popu
lation have homes on the east aide of
the river. If the retail district of Port
land were embraced in three-quarters of
a mile on. say. Fifth and Sixth streets,
and all the "promenading" folk on both
sides of the river assembled there, the
sidewalks could not accommodate tho pe
destrians. To see assembled crowds on
Portland streets one must take them on
Fourth of July. In Seattle. It's the
Fourth every day. Ed Lyon remarked on
hl3 return from a trip to Puget Sound at
the time of the first Klondike boom: "In
Portland when a man makes a half dol
lor he lays low and makes another hair.
In Seattle when a man makes a half, ha
gets out on the street and hollers."
J. J. Montague has carried his talents
to a larger field the largest In the coun
try. So flattering an offer came from tho
New York Journal that he could not de
cllno It and he will join the staff of that
paper this week. He did not make a
permanent engagement but limited Its
term to six months with implied promise
for Its Indefinite extension provided
"things suited him." I predict that ho
will stay in New York. He is only S3
years old and hse just begun to grow.
His success here did not disturb his poise
and he wears the same size hat now that
he did when he was the "cub" reporter of
The Oregonlan seven years ago. He Is a
natural humorist and all his work Is
spontaneous. Many things that he has
written in prose and rhyme are worthy
of permanent remembrance. A large and
goodly company of Oregonlan readers, I
feel sure, will Join me In regret at hl3
going and well wishes for new laurels.
A Bachelor's Confession.
Philadelphia Press.
At twenty I most deeply loved
A maid whose witching way
Captured my heart completrly
As she coached me at croquet.
Alas! Sho's now a grandmother
"With snowy pompadour.
"Who. through her lorgnette, watches sa
Glide o'er the dancing floor.
I felt at thirty In my heart
A deeper feeling dawn
For one with whom I constantly
Played tennis on the lawn.
A matron dlsnlfled Is now
This early flame of mine.
I still admire her fervently.
Her dinners are so flne.
At forty on the golfing links.
A pace qur? often breathless.
I followed one for whom my heart
Beat with a passion deathless.
This later love Is married, too.
And grown a trifle stout.
"Who, when we meet, most tenderly
Inquires about my goau
At fifty now my heart is stin
In perfect preservation.
Although the doctors claim It has
Fatty degenaratlon.
But yet It feels the self-same thrill
"Which It has known so long.
When she. the very youngest bud.
Is teaching mo ping pong.