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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 25, 1900)
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAS, PORTLAOT, NOVEMBER 25, 1900. Wkt$ Qfrxsgomaxu Entered at the Postofflce at Portland. Oregon, as second-class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Rooms.. ..ie 1 Business Office... .607 REVISED SUBSCRIPTION KATES. Br Mail (postage prepaid), la Advance Ially, frith Sunday, per month ....$0 83 Sally, Sunday excepted, per jear .. 1 60 DJlr, -with Sunday, per rear 9 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 The Weekly, per year 1 B0 The "Weekly, a months W To City Subscribers Dally, per -creek, delivered, Sundays excepted.l5o 2ally. ptt week, delivered. Sundays lncluded-20o POSTAGE KATES. United States, Canada and Mexico: 20 to 16-page paper .......lc 28 to S2-page paper .......So Foreign rates double. News or discussion Intended for publication tn The Oregonlan should be addressed invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the name of any Individual. Letters relating to advertls lnr, subscriptions or to any business matter should bo addressed simply "The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to It -without solici tation. No stamps should be inclosed for this purpose. Puget Bound Bureau Captain A. Thompson, bfflce at 1111 Pacific avenue, Tacoma. Box SW. Taeomc Poetofflce. Eastern Business Office The Tribune build ing. New Tork City; "The Rookery," Chicago; the B. C Beekwith upccial agency. New Tork. For eal In San Francisco by J. K. Cooper. 740 Market etreet. near the Palace Hotel: Gold smith Bros 2M Sutter street; F. W. Pitts, 1008 Market street; Foster & Orear. Ferry Newsstand. For sale la Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. 859 So. Spring street and Other & Haines, 108 So. Spring street. For sale In Omaha by H. C. Shears. 105 N. Sixteenth street, and Barkalew Bros., 1812 Farnam street. For sale la Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. 77 W Second South street For sale In New Orleans by Ernest & Co., 215 Royal street. On file In Washington, D. C, with A. W. Dunn, 609 14th N. W. For sals In Denver, Colo., by Hamilton & Xendrick, 008-912 Setenth street. TODAT8 "WEATHER. Occasional rain, with brisk southerly wlads. PORTLAND, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER. 25. It is 270 miles by the Northern Pa cific from Wallula to Tacoma. It is only 214 miles by the O. R. & N. from "Wallula to Portland. Under present conditions the Northern Pacific is com pelled to haul grain this 270 miles to Tacoma over disadvantageous grades, for the same rate charged by the O. R. & N. for hauling it 214 miles over easy water-level grades to Portland. Now, if the Northern Pacific, by forcing "common-point" rates to Astoria, can compel the O. R. & N. to deliver grain 100 miles beyond Portland for the same charge now made to Portland, it will have nullified the important advantage the O. R. & N. now has over the North ern Pacific. Then the O. R. & N. would have to haul grain 314 miles to Astoria for the same rate the Northern Pacific gets for hauling it 270 miles to Tacoma. This is the point brought out by Mr. Ellis G. Hughes in his article printed elsewhere in today's paper. It offers a plausible explanation, hitherto lacking, for the Northern Pacific's interest in the "common-point" agitation. On his other point Mr. Hughes is not so conclusive. He undertakes to show that extension of the common rate to Astoria will not benefit the country, because, inasmuch as rail carriage is costlier than water carriage, an added expense will someh'ow belaid upon the producer or consumer. ""Whetner th"e granting of terminal rates to the mouth of the river would or would not benefit the country at large," he says, "de pends on whether the railroad or the sea-going vessel is the cheaper means of transportation between Portland and the mouth of the river." This Is far from clear. It is readily conceivable that if the O. R. & N. owned the tracks from Portland to Astoria It might make Astoria a common point and yet con tinue to load ships, at Portland because It was cheaper than to load them at Astoria. In other words, it is not proven that the extension of common rates to Astoria would compel the O. R. & N. to haul the grain there over the Northern Pacific and Astoria & Co lumbia River tracks, or even in Its own river steamers. All the Puget Sound towns below Tacoma have common- point rates; but ships continue to go up to Tacoma to load, for many and adequate reasons. So it might be on the Columbia River. But Mr, Hughes says that if we make Astoria a common point, whatever more it costs to haul the grain there by rail than by water will be a direct or Indirect charge on the consumer or pro ducer. This, also, he falls to prove, and, as it seems to The Oregonlan, he cannot prove. As to the consumer, we can dismiss him at once. The Liver pool price of wheat will not be affect ed by the common point. As to the producer, the argument also falls, be cause if the terminal rates now apply ing to Tacoma and Portland are ex tended to Astoria, there will be no added charge whatever on wheat from Portland to Astoria. The Portland or Astoria grain-buyer will have to give the Eastern "Washington farmer Just what the Tacoma grain-buyer will give. Such grain as goes by rail to Astoria will pay less to the O. R. & N. be tween Wallula and Portland than it would pay now. The O R. & N. would have to absorb the cost between Port land and Astoria, and doubtless it would haul the grain in the cheapest manner possible. From the Illustration Mr. Hughes gives from the experience of the Oregon Steam Navigation Com pany, it appears probable that even then the vessels would prefer to come to Portland. The fond dream or the Astoria publi cists Is that if Astoria were made a common point the ships would load there instead of at Portland. A while ago they thought all that was needed -was the railroad. They got the rail road, which helped Portland more than It helped Astoria, and now they move on a peg. New It is only the lack of the "common point" that Keeps them back. But it is not the most impossi ble thing in the world that Astoria should have the "common point," and then find, after all, that it must make Its own destiny rather than rise by taking over the business of some other place. The interests of the Northern Pacific and the Astoria road In the "common point" controversy are plain to alL They are in favor of it The attitude of the O. R. & N. in the con troversy is equally plain to alL It is opposed to it. So far, Mr. Hughes is correct in his reasoning. But when he assumes that the income account of the O. R. & N. and the progress of West era Oregon are Identical, he fails to poors. W-hat the Interests of tho state are in the controversy still remain to be disclosed. Among them are the lum ber districts of Western Oregon, which now have to pay a local rate to Port land, plus the through rate from Port land East. Rev. Dr. Kellogg takes high and Im pregnable ground when he argues that recognition of evoiutlon is important for the church as the basis of a broader, surer faith. Most ministers think it doesn't make much difference whether evolution is true or not. Some of them embrace it, others denounce it, but most are anxious to let It alone. Now, to let evolution alone is, from an evan gelical standpoint, about the worst thing they can do. If you teach a boy or glfl that the Genesis account of crea tion and the dates of annotators are Inspired and verbally infallible, the error will be discovered some day, and then faith is shattered in the whole fabric of religion and morals. If you teach a young man that the Bible is lnerrant as it stands, when he comes across the approved emendations and omissions of the revised version he will be apt to think the whole thing is a delusion and a snare. It is best to tell the truth about these things. It Is in the facts of -physical science and the demonstrations of historical criticism that the soundest basis of Christian ethics rests. To build upon them is to take a foundation on the rock. To de spise them is to build upon the sand. Wt is because the truths of 'science are bo contemptuously regaraea oy tneoio glans that doubts exist where religion should still be honored and cherished. You can't convert men with humbug and hypocrisy. FUTURE OP RUSSIA. 'English embassies sent to Russia in the latter part of the sixteenth century or early In the seventeenth, left narra tive describing the savage ignorance and the squalid poverty of the barbar ous country In which they had so journed. In Russia, they said, there was neither literature nor science, neither school nor college. The best educated men could barely read and write. The person of the sovereign was a blaze of gold and jewels, but filth' and misery ruled In his most splendid palaces. The truth of these narratives was established by the appearance which the Russian Legations made in England. "The strangers," says Ma caulay, "spoke no civilized language. Their garb, their gestures, their saluta tions, had a wild and barbarous char acter. The Ambassador and the gran- uees wno accompanied mm were so gorgeous that all London crowded to stare at them, and so filthy that nobody dared to touch them. They came to the court balls dropping pearls and ver min." The visit of Peter I, Czar of Muscovy, to London in January, 1698, was an epoch in the world's history. "To the polished nations of Western Europe," continues Macaulay, "the empire which he governed had till then been what Bokhara or Slam is to us." Since Pe ter's time centuries of growth have given Russia a -vast territorial extent. She has boundless resources, and im mense populations from which to re cruit armies. She is a first-class mili tary power. "Yet," says Edmund No ble, In "Russia and the Russians," Just published, "when we turn to her inter nal life we find that In respect of both political and religious institutions she is not only not modern, but that she is living at least 400 years en retard :is compared with Western Europe." Such has been the neglect of home prob-i lems that in portions of the empire, such as Great-Russia, the proportion of l'llteracy riBes to 94 per cent. Free po litical institutions are as unknown as In the reign of Ivan the Terrible. Her people accept the will of an autocrat, intrtnehed in the loyalty of the peas ants, as the supreme law. Not .ne of her 150,000,000 people has the slightest volco in determining home or foreign policies. Trial by Jury, elsewhere cen turies old, is denied to political and re ligious offenders. She supports in her iaea:eval church a "superstitious and unprogresslve religion, repudiated in form by millions of her uneducated, re jected in substance and outright by most of her subjects who have any claim to culture." Russia offers today perhaps the most striking example of prolonged empire the world has ever known. She is building a railroad which is the wonder of economic science. She has a sol diery which will brave any danger and run to rapine In the presence of spoil. But these are military achievements. She-poses before the world as a nation tolerant of creed, yet the edict of eccle slastlclsm throws millions of helpless Jews upon the mercy of the world. "In Asia," says Mr. Noble, "the semi barbarian finds his race life untouched. In European Russia cultured peoples are despoiled of the things they hold almost as dear as existence Itself; the Poles of their language, the Little Rus sians of their literature, the Baltic Ger mans of their religion, the Flnlanders of their constitution." The Czar sug gests a scheme for universal peace, pro poses that polished nations unlearn the art of war, while his Ignorant, almost barbarian horde continues to familiarize Itself with the bayonet and equip itself for further conquests. What of the future of Russia? We have on the one hand an autocracy, a narrow eccleslastlclsm which rules it, and an ignorant peasantry which gives it blind obedience and extends Its power. On the other hand, we have a new literature whose distinguishing note is realism, whose representatives, men and women, are for the most part still striving In the interest, "not merely of artistic ends, but of some transcendent purpose of social utility" whloh they wish to see realized. Which of these two forces will first bring Russia Into that association with the world which will open the eyes of the Russian to the liberty enjoyed by all civilized peoples, but unknown, both In name and in form, to him? Will the change be offered by the autocracy, or will it proceed from the people through a revolution? The answer to this ques tion will largely determine the char acter of the tremendous development on the threshold of which Russia la standing today. The tendency of the government Is, in the main, beneficent. The dangers that threatened 20 years ago have largely disappeared. Russia's future is bright, and pregnant with achievement through peaceful revolu tion. Applegrowers of the state ought to take courage. Devices whereby the ravages of the codlln moth and other apple tree pests may be overcome, and practically have been overcome, give with proper care a clean product, while j the demand for Oregon apples increases every year, both in the home and the. Eastern market "No crop," says the Lebanon Criterion, "is surer if prop erly handled, and no crop pays better than good Winter apples. Besides, the growing of apples does not interfere to any great extent with the ordinary farm work." It seems superfluous to add that "more apple orchards should be planted, and that at once." THE LATEST ESTIMATE OF NAPO LEON. Lord Rosebery is the author of the latest study of Napoleon, and he ex amines him closely by the light of the best material that was furnished in the six years that 'Napoleon spent at St. Helena. It is complimentary to the manliness and truthfulness upon which English character is bottomed that the most generous, just and discriminating esti mate of Napoleon, whether as a soldier, as a statesman or a man, has been formed by distinguished Englishmen, despite the fact that he was the ablest and most terribly costly enemy England had ever encountered. It Is in Napier's "History of the War in the Spanish Peninsula" tfiat we find the confession that Napoleon was the greatest master of the art of war that ever lived, for Na pier as a military critic was too noble minded to belittle the enemy of his country. It was the brilliant English literary critic, Hazlltt, that wrote a "Life of Napoleon" that is a partisan defense of his statesmanship; It was an English poet, Byron, that wrote The rocky Isle that holds or held his dust Shall crown the Atlantic like the hero's bust; And now it is an English statesman of the first rank that searches among Na Doleon's ashes and finds much more elory and far less shame than the Frenchmen, Lanfrey and Talne, who have dealt mercilessly with Napoleon's memory, both as a statesman and a man. Thp personal memoirs of Napoleon, dictated at St Helena, are not alwayB truthful, unbiased records of fact, but in those days truth was neither re quired nor expected in Conti nental statesmanship, and Napo leon's memoirs are certainly enti tled to as much credit as those of his detractors, Talleyrand and Met ternlch. Th, most truthful record of Napoleon's life and talk at St Helena In Lord Rosebery's judgment Is the private diary of General Gourgaud, written entirely for his own eye, which undoubtedly embodies the truth as It appeared to the writer from day to day. This diary, however, does not ex tend beyond March, 1818, and of the last three years of Napoleon's life to the end of May, 1821, we know nothing that la trustworthy, or next to nothing. Gourgaud's diary Is that of an hon est, truthful, gallant, loyal soldier, who loved Napoleon so passionately that he was always in a fit of jealous rage if the Emperor showed any attachment for any other member of his military family. It Is clear from Gourgaud's diary that when he was petulant, sulky and captious to the last degree Napo leon was gentle, patient and good-tempered, trying to soothe his touchy at tendant with something like the ten derness of a parent for a wayward child. Napoleon's own mental suffer ings were terrible; his physical suffer ings; were great and yet, he seems to VlClrA llAfmft nrUU .. . .1.. V. 1 ll uu.yc uuiuc wiiii icunu&auie patience and gentleness the ceaseless irritations and annoyances to which he was ex posed by the outbursts of temper and insulting criticism Indulged In by the moody and Irascible Gourgaud. Lord Rosebery says that "an Englishman must regret that his government ever undertook the custody of Napoleon, and must regret still more that the duty should have been discharged In a spirit so Ignoble and by agents so unfortu nate." It was needless to deport Napo leon to St. Helena, for his energies were exhausted, and so were those of France for a lifetime, but he could not have been left a free agent; his career and his overthrow had cost England and all Europe too much. Lord Liverpool wrote 'Lord Castle reagh that he "wished the King of France would hang or shoot Bonaparte as the best termination of this busi ness." But the King of France was afraid to shoot Napoleon as It had Mar shal Ney, so England reluctantly con sented to be his Jailer. Lord Holland, the nephew of the great English statesman, Charles James Fox, and the Duke of Sussex, one of the sons of George TJI, recorded their public protest against the course which was pursued. It was impossible, however, to have granted him to live as a country gentleman In England, as did Napoleon HI after his fall, for he would have been a danger to the governments of both France and Great Britain. He fascinated Captain Maltland, Admiral Hotham and the rest of the navy officers who met him, and forced Lord Keith to say if Napo leon had obtained an interview with the" Prince Regent he would have cap tured his friendship in half an hour. In his conversations at St Helena Napoleon was always Interesting, but sometimes inconsistent through his varying moods. In this respect he was not different from our General Sherman, who was a great letter writer and an Incessant talker. Sherman's letters Bhow that he had extravagantly praised and bitterly blamed at different dates Halleck, McClellan and Grant Napoleon could generally do Justice to Massena, Suchet, Soult and Davoust, among his marshals, but sometimes de clared that when he was absent his lieutenants always lost In religion Napoleon's real leaning was toward Mohammedanism. He was hostile to the papacy, and thought Francis I made a mistake In not adhering to the Reformation. As to man, .he pro claimed himself a materialist In re ply to the question, "Was Napoleon a great man?" Lord Rosebery says: If greatness stands for natural power, for predominance, for something: human beyond humanity, then Napoleon was assuredly great. Besides the indefinable spark which we call genius, he represents a. combination of Intellect and energy which has neter, perhaps, been equaled, never, certainly, surpassed. He car ried human -faculty to the farthest point of which we have accurate knowledge. Under the fiercest glare of modern scrutiny, he enlarged indefinitely the limits of human conception and human possibility. Till he had lived no one could reallre that there could be so stupendous a combination of military and civil genius, such comprehension of view united to such grasp of detail, such prodigious vitality of body and mind. Napoleon answers the description given by Macaulay of the great Italian statesman of the Middle Ages, Machia velll, as "an enigma, a grotesque as semblage of Incongruous qualities, self ishness and generosity, cruelty and be nevolence, craft "and simplicity, abject, illlainy and romantic heroism." Na poleon recalls Macaulay's description of Francis Sforza, the great leader of "the free companions," who ravaged Italy from Milan to Naples in the .four tetnth century, at once a warrior, a statesman and a freebooter, who "made his employers and his rivals alike his tools; who overpowered hl3 open ene mies by faithless allies and then armed himself against his allies with the spoils taken from his enemies; who raised himself from a dependent mili tary adventurer to the first throne of Italy. If his character was legraded by some crimes, it was on the other hand ennobled by public spirit and by honorable ambltlonr" Macaulay points out that habits of dissimulation and falsehood in an Englishman mark a man utterly worthless and abandoned, but in an Italian of the Middle Ages we frequently find those faults in com pany -with great and good qualities, wi.li generosity, with benevolence and disinterestedness. The medieval Ital ia:! statesman never hesitates at an oath when he wishes to Beduce, never wants a pretext when he Is inclined to betray. His cruelties spring from deep, cool meditation. He does not hesitate to deceive those whom he does not scruple to destroy. A dangerous en emy, lie could be a just and beneficent ruler. Wanton cruelty was not in Ms nature. Unfair In his policy, there was an extraofdlnary degree of fairness in his intellect. He possessed an ampli tude and BUb'tlety of intellect which would have rendered him eminent either in active or contemplative life, and fitted him either to govern or to in struct mankind. Ferocity and inco lence were not among the vices of the medieval Italian statesman; be might have recourse to barbarity as an expe dient, but he did not require It as a stimulant In his country's adversity he breathes all the spirit of those in trepid and haughty Roman Senators who listened with unaltered composure to the tremendous tidings of Cannae." Truly, this picture by Macaulay of the great Italian warrlor-statesm-in of the fourteenth century is a fal?ly good pic ture In its blend of repulsive vices and Roman virtues of Napo'eon, the great Italian warrior-statesman of the nine teenth century, a man born out of his time. A Russian vessel, the Yermak, de signed and constructed for the special purpose of cutting and breaking through the Ice fields that close so many Russian ports to navigation dur ing a portion of the year, has made a successful test of her capabilities as an lce-flghter. A wonderful craft, she has been made the subject of several illus trated magazine articles In this coun try, which have attracted considerable attention. Renewed Interest in the ves sel has been aroused recently by the statement that the Russian Govern ment has in contemplation an expedi tion to the north pole In which this vessel will be the chief factor. While the Yermak has demonstrated fully her power to force a channel through sol idly frozen packs of Ice in harbors cloBe to coaling stations, It Is conceded that an attempt to reach the remote pole would present a much more serious problem. The question of fuel is one upon which the efficiency of the most powerful vessel depends, and without an abundant supply of coal this formid able lce-flghter would be merely a help less mass of steel, to be crushed by instead of crushing the Ice packs. The experiment, however, If undertaken, will possess sufficient novelty to en gage public attention, and perhaps even arouse some expectation. The fact that what are to be the biggest steamships in the world are be ing built for the trans-Pacific trade Is full of significance to American com merce, since It points to a resolution in commercial business. "Heretofore," says the Philadelphia Ledger, "the At lantic Coast has had all except an In considerable portion of the trade, not only with Europe, but with Asia. It has sent Its vessels through the Suez Canal and around the Cape to all parts of the world, and never so much as thought of the Pacific Coast as a possi ble competitor for the trade of even the Pacific Islands." Old things, even Jn commerce, are passing. Here we have the promise of vessels of enormous car rying capacity, which are to ply be tween Pacific America and Pacific Asia. There can be but one result from this the building up of the trade of our Western coast to a rivalry with that of the Eastern. The journal quoted re marks further that if the Atlantic side wishes to combat this condition of things the -way to do so is to hasten the building of the Isthmian Canal. This is a proposition In which the Pa cific Coast can join heartily, without fear of retarding or curtailing Its own commercial prospects, but rather with the certainty of increasing them. It seems that the chief cause for ap prehension in the case of the Czar is from constitutional weakness. Typhoid fever of the type from which he Is suffering is not regarded as dangerous, especially when It Is possible to give the patient good nursing and proper nourishment Constitutional conditions render his system "good ground" for the germination of the seeds of tuber culosis, and It Is feared that the attack of fever which has weakened his pow ers of resistance may encourage the de velopment of this far more dreaded disease In his lungs or brain. His phy sicians, however, continue through offi cial bulletins to declare his condition favorable, and the progress of his dis ease satisfactory. A few days will probably decide the matter of life or death for him, and Incidentally, per haps, of war or peace for Europe. Queen Wllhelmina, gracious without being imprudent, congratulates ex President Kruger upon having accom plished his long voyage in safety, and Is happy to learn that he Is well. Less than this the young Dutch Queen could not do and be dutiful to a grand fatherly old man who is seeking her realm in search of sympathy; more than this the crafty old burghers her ministers will not at this stage of pro ceedings permit The young Queen can be polite; that is her province. It is theirs to be politic. Any old excuse will do if there are no good ones. The Panama route is now invoked to defeat the Nicaragua Canal, because other subterfuges have failed. No doubt all the transconti nental railroads are strong for the Pan ama route. Great Britain is said to be likelv to accept Secretary Hay's latest proposal gmuiy, j. uea e are tne aays wnen aoout every proposition going la sure of the clad hand at London. A PRINCE OF MERRY-MAKERS. It is granted to but few men to be moUrned by two nations, as Sir Arthur Sullivan is being mourned today. A man whose death chastens the thoughts of the sober university man In cap and gown, tho merry-hearted soubrette, the beery bandmaster, the turnip-faced call boy from the Savoy wings and the Arch bishop of Canterbury Is no ordinary man Today there is not a chorus girl but will drop her airy coquetries long enough to wine away a tear as she hums the "Three Little Maids From SchooL" There is not a white-robed bishop following his flock of singing choir boys and clergy today to the chancel but will sadden as the strains of "Onward, Christian Soldiers," brimful of manly English energy, fall upon his ear. There is no questioning the versatility of a man who could give the world vig orous, swinging church tunes, full of dig nity and rhythm, tender love songs for the drawing-room, cantatas, oratorios and orchestral works of classical purity of style, operettas so sparkling In their mel ody that they have -captivated a jaded, pleasure-weary world, bo original and fe cund in their creative genius that they have laid the foundation for a new-school of English opera. Tho Italian Instinct for melody that Sul livan inherited through his mother com bined with the Celtic Are and buoyancy of humor that was bestowed upon him by his father on Irish band-master will doubtless in a measure explain the hold his genius has on all kinds of humanity. Tho plaintive, caressing beauty of his songs appeals with peculiar power to the multitude. These are all honest and sin cere expressions of deep feeling. The most popular of these,. "The Lost Chord" (Miss Proctor), took shape while he was watching during three long weeks beside his dying brother's bedside; the death of this brother Frederick the same who, two years before had created the role of the pompous Judge in "Trial by Jury" was a great blow. Other songs written more or less In the ballad style, which have been received with remarkable fa vor, are "Will He Come?" (Miss Proctor), "O Ma Charmante" (Victor Hugo), "The Distant Shore," and "Sweethearts" (Gil bert). More beautiful still from the standpoint of the musician, but les3 popu lar, are "O Fair Dove, O Fond Dove" (Jean Ingelow), "Sweet Day So Cool, So Calm, So Bright" and "The Arabian 'Love Song," by Shelley; the Shake speare songs, and the series entitled "The Window," written for him by Tennyson. We are told that by the time the boy Sullivan had reached the dignity of 8 years, there was hardly a wind instru ment that he could not play with facility. He had a yast ambition even then, and resolved to be a choir boy cither In West minster AbBey or the Chapel RoyaL Ho used to practice in prlvato the great aria "With Verdure Clad," from "The Crea tion," and at last actually had the good fortune to sing It in the bishop's palace, having at the age of 12 achieved his pur pose of becoming a choir boy in the Chapel Royal. One cannot but admire the English pluck of this dark, curly haired, music-loving youngster, whose smiling face, sweet voice and persistence won the day against many odds This was the beginning of a sound musical education under English and German masters which later In his career enabled him to create works for the orchestra that may In the end prove the most en during monuments of his genius. But though Sullivan, in return for the aid he received as an aspiring cholr-boyy has left a rich leagcy to the Anglican church In the form of anthems and hymn tunes of stately rhythm and splendid en ergy, it is not through these that he won his way into the warmest corner of the English heart. A happy turn of fortune threw him Into the company of W. S. Gilbert, whose po-t culiar guts of humor, have, in the last 25 years, effected a complete revolution In fun-making before the footlights. The old form of burlesque, as Percy Fitzgerald tells us was to take some natural and accepted story and torture It into wldly grotesque shapes. Gilbert, adopting the opposite principle, which, about the same time, was presented with so much success by Lewis Carroll In "Alice In Wonder land" and "Through the Looking Glass," viz , to fashion an eccentric, super- earthly story Into shape, and deal with" It coherently and logically, so as to win our sympathies. In this way was born all those airy creations of the brain that Immediately carried the world by storm: "Trial by Jury," "Pinafore," "Pirates of Penzance," "Patience," "Iolanthe," "The Mikado," "Ruddlgore," and the rest Up to that time the chorus had been a helter-skelter crowd of stern-vlsagea, stiff-Jointed professional singers, who were plainly Intended to be listened to without being looked at It was Gilbert's fertility of invention that gave us tho picturesque groupings, shifting colors, and thousand and one coquetries in pan tomime and side play which make up the charm of the modern chorus. Sullivan en tered Into the spirit of all these changes with an exuberance of humor, grace of fancy and aplomb that Indicated his mis sion in life was not to write symphonies, but comic operas. Never, by any chance, was there any touch of vulgarity to his strains, as to those of his French proto type, Offenbach.' His melodies enchanted, but never offended. The Savoy Theater, London, has been the home of the Gilbert-Sullivan opera for a quarter of a century. The brilliant partnership that has given us such tri umphs of satiric wit has now come to an end; but the pompous Ruler of the Queen's Navee; the absurd Bunthorne, with bis sunflower and his troupe of adoring maidens; witching, fresh-cheeked Josephine, the Captain's daughter; gro tesque Pooh Bah who can take these from us? GERTRUDE METCALFE. a EngUsb. Inns Iiaek Good Cheer. Cosmopolitan. To us the very word "Inn" seems to promise good cheer and comfort. Com fort In England, however, usually means cleanliness and a good bed; of cheer there Is none. The evenings pass wearily. The bar Is a cold-blooded place, filled with tobacco smoke and political arguments. Tha proverbial barmaid has cheeks that are too red and hair that Is really too blonde. The coffee-room is tho only other refuge, and it lr occupied by a stately matron with her novel or two young ladies talking In undertones In the cor ner. One Is really afraid to smile. Th centertable Is adorned with a Bible, the Sportsman's Magazine and Burkes Peer, age. sFrench Society Cultivates Music Harper's Bazar. Music in Paris society has undergone a great change. While formerly on the pro grammes of soirees, muslcales and char itable concerts professional names only appeared, fashionable women now figure, and, so to speak, crowd out the artists. Countesses, Baronesses and the bearers of less resounding titles are beheld, who have stuqied singing correctly, are gifted with beautiful voices and lack, neither feeling nor powers of expression; these have com pletely displaced professional performers. This is less frequently the case in respect to instrumental work never. In truth; but In regard to singing the situation is Just as described. SLINGS AND ARROWS. Tragedy of Ye Turkey Coclc In a poultry yard down la a small country town Bid a chesty old turkey cock dwell. With his clothes and bis tile. Of the awaggerest style A regular latest-thing swell. He would side-step and stalk. With a ham. actor walk. Wheahe -thought of hla noble birth. And the-poultry could sea . , When ho passed them that ho ., Was the handsomest fowl on the earth. To a plebeian bird v He said never a word. An aristocrat proud was ho; v v Though he got the best food, s ,- . It was never too good For a fowl of his high degree. Oh! ho was the ace. In that little old place, A fact which thef others confessed, And ho often would say, -' In a fourflushlng way, 1 With a deeply Inflated chest: 'Tin the grandest old bird i That ever occurred. The whole world was built for me, Examine the cut Of my clothes, and my strut. They bespeak my gentility; Take a lamp at the red Of my cardinal head, , And mark bow my feathers tit; From my tail to my breast. I am stunnlnsly dressed, I anC most emphatically, IT." When tho fowls thereabout Saw that hot swell strut out, Their hearts with green envy were sore. For they knew that their clothes Were not In It with those Which this fashion plate on himself wore. And their, hours were spent In bright green discontent , That fortune had favored him thus; But he was o'erjoyed When he saw them annoyed. 9 (Ho was a malevolent cuss.) "Now what Is the use," Bald the rubber-necked goose, . "Of living tn such a cold worldt We all are outclassed When that gobbler stalks past With his tall and his wattles unfurled." "It's pretty rough luck." Observed the squat duck. "To see how he throws out his chest; Alas for the masses, . The opulent classes. Have got us ground down and oppressed!" Bo the malcontents growled. And they stormed and they howled That the government sure must be wrong. And would go to perdition If such a condition Was allowed to continuo for long. But one Autumn day There came strolling that way A small farmer boy with aa ax, And that flashy-clad swell A cold carcass fell, Upon tho receipt of three whacks. Now the moral of this Tou are likely to miss. Unless you will notice with can That jou can't always tell Of the luck -of a swell By the clothes that he happens to wear. And you need not feel bad If your neighbor Is clad In raiment that's strikingly gay For a plainly dressed duck. Is in far bigger luck Than a turkey on Thanksgiving day. Why They Are Thankful. To show that this Is not such a cold world as the Joyless narrators of hard luck stories would have us believe, the following communications from persons who might be expected to regard Thanks giving as a holiday in which they are not -entitled to participate, are printed herewith: Lincoln, Neb., Nov. 23. I am thankful that I carried Texas and escaped with a whole voice. W. J. BRYAN. Washington, Nor. 23. I am thankful I went over the side before tho ship of state went into action. George dewey. Little Rock, Ark., Nov.23. I am thank ful I did not set a bad example by betting on Bryan. JAMES K. JONES. Cavltlo del Luzono, Nov. 23. I am thankful I am dead. E. AGUINALDO. Wantage, England, Nov. 23. I am thankful for Bishop Potter's lively inter est in municipal reform not RICHARD CROKER. Paris, Nov. 23. I am thankful for what I did to them before I found It necessary to take a trip north for my health. P. KRUGER. Indianapolis, Ind., Nov. 23, I am thankful that I left my happy home in the nick of time. W. S. TAYLOR, Formerly of Kentucky. London, Nov. 23. I am thankful for that touching little poem entitled "Moth er Won't Be With Us Always." ALBERT EDWARD WETTIN. Hartford, Conn., Nov. 231 am thank ful that I did not write "Curfew Must Not Ring Tonight" MARK TWAIN. Blessings of Father Adam. Oh, most happy Father Adam, what a vast and goodly store. Of this life's subllmest blessings you had to be thankful fort Not a sealskin sacque to pay for, when tho Autumn winds blew chill. Not a coal collector sought you. nor a plumber with his bill, Never had to spend a morning shut up In a cell alone. Striving hard to call & friend Up on tho dread long-distance phone, Never found yourself wedged breathless In a crowded trolley car, Never breathed the awful odor of a candidate's cigar. All you had to do was wander 'round your garden plot and think. Never taking thought for clothing, or for what you'd eat and drink. Never smilingly applauded when some maiden would recite That most fierce and awful poem, "Curfew Shall Not BJng Tonight"; Never lent your last ten dollars to some whiaky-laden friend. For, most blessed of all mortals, you had not a cent to lend; Never played the festlvo races or upon elec tions bet. It would seem. Old Father Adam, you're the luckiest being yet s Not, a phonograph resounded as you ciamly walked along, The infernal composition known now aa "the latest eon g"; Never rode miles In the country on a base, de ceitful bike. Punctured tires, set out homeward, en a long and weary "hike"; Not a college yell aroused you when you sought to take your rest No suspicion of a burglar raised Its head within your breast Not a single yellow Journal laid Its vhorrors at your door. Not a "con" man gave you greeting, asking where you'd tnet before; Naught you knew of Indigestion, sever bad a smallpox scare; Never had appendicitis, never knew a pain or care, Calm, unruffled was your progress through the happy vale of life; f Didn't even have to hustle to support your kids and wife. Tou would think, oh. Father Adam, If you dropped 'around today. That your life down there In Eden was one Joyous roundelay. And when cam the next Thanksgiving yod would fetch a beaming ssiile, , Kill your fattest turkey" gobbler and observe the day tn style. J. J. MONTAGUE. , MASTERPIECES 0FK LITERATURE. XL. Lyrics of Thomas-Mooro. When He Who Adores Thee. When he who adores thee has left but ths name Of his fault and his sorrows behind. Oh! saV. wilt thou weep, when they darken the fame OZ a lite that for thee was reslgn'd? Tea, weep, and however my foes may condemn. Thy tears shall eSace their decree; For Heaven can witness, though guilty to them, I have been but too faithful to thee. HiVlth thee were the dreams of my curliest love; .Every thought of my reason was thine; In my last humble prayer to the spirit above, Thy -same shall be mingled with mine. Ohi blest are the lovers and friends who shall live The days of- thy glory to see. But the next dearest blessing that Heaven can give Is the pride of thus dying tor the. The Harp That Ouce Through Tara's Halls. The harp that osce through Tarn's halls. The soul of music shed. Now hangs as mute on Tara's walla As If that soul were ued. So sleeps the pride of former days, " So glory's thrill Is o'er. And hearts, that once beat high tor praise, Now feel that pulse no more. No mere to chiefs and ladles bright The harp of Tara swells. The chord alone, that breaks at night, . , Its tale of ruin tells. Thus Freedom now so seldom wakes, The only throb she gives la when soma heart indignant breaks; To show that still she lives. Rich and Rare Were the Gems She Ware. Rich and rare were the gems she wore, And a bright gold ring on her wand she bore: But, oh! her beauty was far .beyond Her sparkling gems or snow-white wand. "Lady, dost thou not fear to stray. So lone and lovely, through this bleak way I Are Erin's sons so good or so cold. As net to be tempted by woman or, gold!" "Sir Knight! I feel not the least alarm. No son of Erin will offer me harm; For, though they love women and golden store. Sir Knight! they love honor and virtue more." On she went, and her maiden smile In safety lighted her round the green Isle; And blest forever Is she who relied Upon 1100 honor and Erin's pride. The Meeting: of the Waters. There Is not In the wide world a valley so sweet. As .hat vale In whoso bosom the brigrt waters meet; Oh! the last rays of feeling and life must depart 1 Ere the bloom of that valley shall fade from my heart. Yet Is was not that Nature had shed o'er the scene The purest of crystal and brightest of green; 'Twas not her soft magio of streamlet or hill. Oh! 90 It was something more exquisite still. .'Twas that friends, the beloved of my bosom, were near, Who made every dear scene of enchantment more dear. And who felt how the best charms of Nature Improve. When we see them reflected from, looks that we love. Sweet vale of Avocal how calm could I rest In thy bosom of shade, with the friends I lovo best Where the storms that we feel In this cold world should cease. And our hearts, like thy waters, be mingled in peace. .. ,H She Is Far From the X,aad. She is far from the land where her young hero sleeps And lovers are round her sighing; But coldly she turns from their gaze, and weeps. For her heart In his grave Is lying. She sings the wild songs of her dear native plains. Every note which he loved 'awaking; Ah! little they think, who delight In her strains. How the heart of the Minstrel Is breaking. He had lived for his love, for his country he died. They were all that to life had entwined him; Nor soon shall the tears of his country be dried. Nor long will his lovo stay behind htm. Oh! make her a grave where the sunbeams rest When they promise a glorious morrow; They'll shine o'er her sleep, like a smile from the West From her own loved Island of sorrow. 'Tis the Last Rose of Summer, 'Tls the last rose of Summer Left blooming alone; All her lovely companion Are laded and gone; No flower of her kindled, ' No rosebud Is nigh. To reflect back her blushes. To give sigh for sigh. . I'll not leave thee, thou lone one. To pine on the stem;. ,j - Since the lovely aye I?9Plag,flu Go sleep thou with them. Thus kindly I scatter , Thy leaves o'er the bed, " v Where thy mates of the garden Lie scentless and dead. ' -' ' ", 4 So soon may X follow. When friendships decay. And from Love's shining circle - The gems drop awayl When true hearts lie wlther'd And fond ones are flown. Oh! who would Inhabit This bleak world alone! Come, Ye Disconsolate. w Come, ye disconsolate, where'er you languish. Come, at the shrine of God fervently kneel; Here bring your wounded hearts, .here tell your anguish Earth has no sorrow that Heaven cannot heat Joy of the desolate, light of the straying, Hope, when all others die, fadeless and pure. Here speaks the Comforter, in God's name' saying, "Earth has no sorrow that Heaven cannot cure." Go, ask the infidel what boon he brings us. What charm for aching hearts be can reveal. Sweet as that heavenly promise Hope sings us "Earth has no sorrow that God cannot heat Off la the Stilly Night. Oft in the stilly night Bre Slumber's chain has bound me, Fond Memory brings the light Of other days ground me; The smiles, the tears. Of boyhood's years. The words of love then spoken; The eyes that shone. Now dimmed and gone, ,. The cheerful hearts sow brokenl Thus in the stilly sight Bre Slumber's chain has bound met Sad Memory brings the light Of other days around me. When I remember all The friends so linked together, I've seen around me fall. Like leaves In wintry weather; I feel like one Who treads alone Some banquet-hall deserted. Whose lights are fled. Whose garlands dead. And all but he departedt Thus in the stilly night " Ere Slumber's chain has bound toe. Sad" memory brings the light Qf other days around me.