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About Portland observer. (Portland, Or.) 1970-current | View Entire Issue (Jan. 8, 1976)
Portland Observer Thursday, January 8, 1978 Paga 9 Third World Wrapup by Ray Harvey President Ford’s determination not to allow Secretary of State Henry Kissin ger to wreck detente over Angola is the most important development of the week (analysed elsewhere). Aa we go to press, the Organisation of African Unity (O AU) is meeting in Addis Ababa. Last week we reported that the O A U trsde ministers discussed a 26 year industrial program and projected a growth rate of eleven to thirteen percent. I t may be that the OAU meeting will go beyond the question of the recognition of the M P L A People's Republic of Angola (KPA ) - and go on to discuss African development and the new economic world order.' The Wash ington Poet notes that Zaire and Zambia may not attend the O AU summit, while the Ixtndon Daily Telegraph (January 3rd) says that South Africa will announce the withdrawal of its forces from Angola before the O A U conference, and has so notified its 'allies', counter gangs F N L A and U N IT A . The Sunday Times of South Africa -- which is tied to the 'liberal' Oppenheimer machine, maintains that South African involvement in Angola ia a key factor in “uniting Africa in support of the M P L A ." Apparently foreign policy in South Africa ia also made in secret - by Vorster, both a (Defense Minister) and Foreign Minister Muller, without the consultation of Parliament - or anybody else. Helen Suzman, member of the Progressive Party, has called for a parliamentary debate on Angola. U te press gnss after Henry on Angola While indications are that it ia Kissinger's policy to escalate the Angolan intervention into a southern Africa war, this week the press has in general reported is critical of Kissinger's telling Congress to go to hell. The New York Times (January 4th - Nairobi) quotes the Ghana People's Evening News as saying "The U .8. is now fighting tooth and nail to prevent (the People's Republic of Angola) from taking the reins of government, just as it used Tshombe to destroy Patrice Lumumba in order to prevent his socialist srlented party from taking power at indepcr.drrce in the Congo." The Washington Pest editoria lizes in effect: ‘so the Cubans are in Angola so what?* The Pest notes 'we've ' already economically blockaded Cuba for years, we did the Ray of Pigs thing (from which Alpha 08 was born), and we tried to kill Castro ten times....now who's going to take seriously the Kissinger authored economic sanction.! aga.nst Cuba over Angola? W illamette W -« k (January 5th) ran an article noting thct (even, 'Northwest Congressmen Oppose Fund ing Another Vietnam in Angola.' Senator Jacksor. takes the racist cake: “It's just tribal warfare...it's ridiculours for us to g *t involved." Actually, of course, Henry is right: it's his tribal buddy Henry K. and the NSC. The bdtim ore Nun states: “let the Soviets m u - their mistakes in Angola, but we should not get involved." And a question rarely posed in the press is touched by columnist Gary Wills (also in W illamette Week): "In Vietnam, we at least made a long show of caring about a particular regime ~r about the preference of the natives. Now, no one is even pretending that we care which of the three rival groups wins, so long as Russia does not get the credit for the win." Actually economic development of A n gola has been the main topic of People's Republic of Angola President D r. Agos- tinho Neto and PRA M inister Lopo Do Naacimento in lzvestia and other Soviet and European newspaper» and journals. Mercenaries ea tbe lam The January 5th Christian Science Monitor notes that the recruiting and training of American mercenaries to Fight against the People’s Republic of Angola forces has come to an abrupt halt in the U.8., and that the C IA mercenary recruitment « ¡ n t . has been moved U Europe. But or so America: mercenaries a - t in Angola, the Monitor reitereates. Linked to the El Kamas mercenary operation is another C IA connected group called Phoenix Associates. Both El Kamas and Phoenix Associates are “run by former Green Berets...the CIA's Operation Phoenix in South Vietnam, created by the (still lingering, though Fired, C IA head W illiam Colby, was designed to systematically terrorize the population and murder key communist leaders." New Solidarity notes that U N IT A 's recruitment of mercenaries is apparently on a larger scale than in other wars that involved mercenaries, “in such opera- tiona, the mercenaries have usually been the technicians and platoon and company commanders, or special guerrilla units, as ir. Katanga and Biafra,” while the U N IT A f' cees are composed of entire armies of raereenaries. One of the top mercenaries in Katanga (southern Congo copper belt) was Michael Hoare. Hoare has recently offered his ‘W ild Geese* army to the F N L A U N IT A , claiming that they are tse "best terrorists in the business" (his ’anguage). Several weeks ago CORE 'end Roy Innto, advertising his merce : try operation, said “Pound for pound, the Black man to the best soldier in the world." Innto and Hoare should have it out. They could host the match in Zaire. Get Ont ef tke Block Box D etroit Congressman Charles Diggs, a leading member of the Black Congres sional Caucus, in a statement on Angola (this issue, warns that Henry Kssinger intends to pursue his interventionist policy despite Congress, and stresses the 'nationalist' character of the Angolan struggle, calling for "all external forces to w ithdraw .” The weakness of the statement to that it plays softly into the hands of Secretary Kissinger, who has resorted to using Angela to force a confrontation with the Soviets. I t also lacks a recognition of program - of economic and cultural development that in fact characterizes the M P L A and the young PRA government. Some months ago the Caucus called for a debt moratorium for Third World countries, and the immediate ouster of Kissinger. Such leadership on world issues - not just Black' issues - resulted in an apparent FB I C O IN T E L P R O terror operation against Caucus members and their families and associates. But hiding in a black box, issuing cautious "Kissinger must be removed by some time next fall" statements won’t stop C O IN T E LP R O operations (going after the source of it will) nor to it providing essentia) leadership. Of course this does not apply to Caucus members alone. |f {j Sffi|^ CATALOG OVERSTOCK SALE) Wards Bargain Center Save 15% - 94% President Ford reaffirms detente Speaking before the American Farm Bureau in St. Louia - and then to a closed m eeting w ith eig hteen M id w e s te rn newspaper editors President Ford ruled out the use of grain as a weapon. The President significantly diatinguishes himself from Secretary of State Kissin ger. whose policy has been to use Angola to sabotage detente. The use of food as s weapon has been a main topic in policy making circlea. The W all Street Journal December 29th featured an article 'Agri culture Secretary’a Role ia Eroding as Food Becomes Major Policy Tool', which attempts to justify the National Security Council'a usurpation of Agricultural Secretary Earl Butz' authority when the NSC blocked Soviet grain purchases last year. Agricultural Secretary Butz is a strong proponent of East West trade, as ia the Midwest industrial group (based in Chicago,, which gave President Ford the basis to hold out against initially bailing out New York banks (in which the Rockefeller group is hegemonic) and now against the use of food as a weapon. Even within the Rockefeller circles, the use of food as a weapon was debated. W riting in the January issue of Foreign Affairs, Emma Rothschild writes that food control ideologue Ie s te r Brown's notions of 'food power' are deluded and ineffectual. The fight going on over food control as a weapon is hearly over. The credits for the Third World countries -- wracked by indebtedness to the New York banks - to purchase available U.S. wheat have been stalled. The primary block to long-term low interest credits to foreign buyers of wheat and feedgrains comes from the National Advisory Council on Interna tional Monetary and Financial Policies. The policy of Henry Kissinger has been to use whatever international hotspot makes itself available to him to force a showdown with the 3oviets. Such detente wrecking policy is aimed at allowing bankers - in particular the New York banks to collect and finance debt on a bilateral (one-to-one, basis. Kissin ger's extention of the Monroe Doctrine to Africa has been rejected by President Ford, and the majority of Congressmen. While the President is using the same language ('G o v e rn m e n t of N atio n al Unity*, about Angola, it is apparent that the motivations of the Secretary of State are coming into focus for him - with the aid of Midwest industrial and banking sector. Concomitant with the President's moves, which encourage economic de velopment. B usiness Week in its lead SAVE ’39 VERSATILE LOUNGER-SLEEPER editorial (January 4th, outlines a four point program of economic recovery: 1. moves must be token to solve the energy problem through the development of thermonuclear fusion power technology (not to be confused with fission,; 2. immediate efforts must be made to raise the standard of living of the working class; 3. export of capital goods (ma chinery etc., to the Third World sector in return for raw materials; and 4. expan sion of cooperation with the Soviet bloc. Such a program resembles closely the Interntional Development Bank authored by the U.S. Labor P arty candidate Lyndon LaRouche - in all but one important detail: debt moratoria. Mora tor ia on debt payment is a key feature of the ‘new world economic order' advanced leading Third W orld countries, and Japan. Super-plump foam and full-bodied H erculon* combine to give you an attractive, comfortable couch th a t quickly converts to a comfy queen size bed! Bolsters w ith zip cover. SAVE »5 VINYL LINED CYCLE JACKET 7 97 Terry Herndon, in a speech at a Commonwealth Club luncheon in San Francisco, said the tests follow the technical/industrial model in which tea chers are treated like assembly-line foreman and students are treated like cars. “It's time to get the children out of the factory and back into the classroom where they belong," the former Michigan teacher declared. Herndon explained he was talking about such things as college board tests, achievement testa given to elementary and secondary school children, graduate record exams, and the so-called IQ tests in fact, any test that compares perfor ma nee to predetermined norms and is administered in identical form to large numbers of students. The speaker said that current public dissatisfaction with the schools indud ing test scores - relates to the public mood wlych tends increasingly toward fear, cynicism, and frustration. "Apparently, it's a mood that, in the absence of a unifying national leadership, moves a great many of us to lash out indiscriminately, taking insufficient care to identify the enemy," said Herndon. He pointed out that polls show a loss of confidence in business and government, and to only a slightly less degree in virtually every other institution of authority. Teachers' strong feeling that stondar dized testing has come to constitute a serious threat to their ability to perform as professionals in the classroom was dramatized this year in East W hittier, California, wh^re, for the first time anywhere, standardized testing became the central iasue at bargaining between school teachers and school management. The board instituted dismissal proceed ings against 300 teschers, but withdrew them after the teachers struck. The explanation of the teachers' deep feelings lies partly “in the emergence of a new dynamic In the American workplace - the professional union,” Herndon told the California group. "Professional employees...not only care about the product - they are willing, if need be. to strike for quality,” Herndon asserted. "And this, believe me, is what is at the heart of teacher unrest in this country." It is the concern for quality education that has caused the N E A to call for a moratorium on standardized testing - in East W hittier and across the nation, the executive director noted. Declaring that "standardized testing must go," he offered the following reasons: • Education is a very complex process - entirely too complex for the moat involved standardized test to measure. For example, in Michigan it was found that 45 separate factors or objectives were required just to describe math skills. • People disagree on tbe goals of education. Some parents want job preparation; some, college acceptance; others, mere custodial care or something else. Yet stondsrdized tests take for granted that everybody places equal value on whatever skill is being tested. • Testing fosters big brotherism. “The assumption behind the tests," Herndon explained, "is that kids don't know what is good for them, parents don't know what is good for their children, and even teachers can't be trusted. Such testing works against parent-teacher derision making and toward control by outside authorities." • Testing encourages conformity at the expense of creativity. The only child to benefit is the sbsolutely average child - with testmakers defining average. Tests can dictate what a child must learn, obligate a teacher to concentrate on certain subjects at the risk of his or her job. Standardized tests fail to do what to claimed for them. He explained why they are ineffective, or even harmful, as a basis for allocating resources, in provid ing data for intelligent decisions about students' education needs, in saving money, or in evaluating teacher perfor mance. Herndon underscored the "enormous expense” of testing programs, the product of a $200 million a year industry. "To assume that the testing industry would improve scores to the point where it would put itself out of business is like believing that the Soviet state is actually going to w ither away," he remarked. Pointing out that the 118-year old N E A was formed on the concept of account ability to professional standards, he noted reasons why the association objects to evaluating teachers, or accountability, on the basis of standardized test results. Among these, he said, is objection "to being required to teach to the minimum performance level permissible on a test rather than to the maximum achievable through the individual capability of the child." ’4 OFF REG. 1 1 » It's leather-look, with warm quilt lining and zip pocket detail. Cleans with damp cloth. In brown or black, sizes S .M X .X L NEA director hits standardized tests Standardized tests are "like a lock on the mind, a guard at the factory gate," the executive director of the National Education Association said, noting that "the only beneficiaries, aside from the test marketers themselves, are insecure school managers striving for comfort in their relations with school boards, legislators, and governors." 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