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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 9, 1918)
THE 3IORXIXG OREGONIAN, MONDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1918. LEAGUE OF NATIONS MAY BE LEGISLATIVE KIRSCHBAUM CLOTHES For Men Coming Out of Khaki as Well as for All Others Washington speculates on Vital Features to Arise. i. iilli ) TWO CONFERENCES DUE Belief Expressed That Head of "-1 Hon Might Like to Write League' Cooslitotlon. OREGONIAN- NEWS BUREAU. Wash- Jnston. Dec (. That a legislative body, rather than a judicial tribunal, will be the essential featurs of the, League of Nations. Is coming to be more fully recognized In official circles as dis- cussion of the subject proceeds. Heretofore. International relations kjv been adjusted by commissions whose functions partook chiefly of the character of judicial bodies In which were vested the power of settling; con troversies that had arisen between the nations appointing representatives on the commission. The League of Na tions contemplates an entirely different purpose and will require an entirely different conference of representatives. if it shall be established with a view to governing international relations. The permanent court of arbitration of The Hague, provided for by the con vention signed at The Hague July 29, 1S33, was purely a Judicial body. Up to the outbreak of the war. when it ceased functioning. It had rendered 13 decisions, the most important of which. so far as the United States Is con cerned, was the controve-sy between the United States and Great Britain surer the North Atlantic fisheries. Ilsawe Oaveatloa Not Effective. The Hague convention of 1907. signed and later ratified or adhered to by nearly all the leading nations, though many of them cade reservations. somewhat in the nature of legislation. although more In the form of a treaty. Its sole purpose was to establish and define the rights and duties of neutral powers in naval war. It was perhaps a first step, though not a very long one. in the direction of international legislation. That it was not very ef fective has been demonstrated during the recent war. Now that the peace conference Is about to be held, with most of the leading nations of the world partlclpat fMtKKLli tVli i fi.ir ni.i .nil i w mv,mitnwmimuiiMMMmmtoti-?fK,- I "4 mttirHtrll 'll !BpWMWpWW.IWyWBWlwwws3WWWWSJWeW 11114a mm & i V - v 1 1 If - I :' P J .- U V) l if 1 Si " -l v " v i ; . I :.:.-:.:(0rP I vv L' V -''V 'lmI' mmimivt ' " " L. : . 1 TODAY'S FILM FEATURES. Sunset "The Fall of Barbary Coast." Majestic Clara Kimball Toung, "The Road Through the Dark." Liberty Charlie Chaplin, "Shoul der Arms." , Peoples Elsie FergHaon, "Under the Greenwood Tree." Columbia John Barrymore, "Raffles." S t a r Sessue Hayakawa, "The Cheat." Globe Vivian Martin, 'Ber Country First." Circles Theaa Bars, "Under th Yoke." 1! 'Barbary Coast" at Sunset. ONE of the most thrilling pictures of the week is "The Fall of Barbary Coast." which Is the attraction at the Sunset Theater. Every incident seen In. the picture is based on an actual happening during the fight waged by Rev. Paul Smith, against the Barbary Coast, of San Francisco. Rev. Mr. Smith, started the 'fight single-handed In San Francisco in an effort to abolish from the district whore his church was located every AVMne e.r rm r m A XT - nn Ing.. there Is a strong effort to bring po8ed by a rlnr of oowerltl Dollticliiia out of the conferences a League of Na- I who had grown wealthy through their CLARA KIMBALL TOUNG, "THE ROAD THROUGH THE DARK," AT THE MAJESTIC THEATER to be one of the most thrilling and instructive Installments of this great patriotic and educational series. It shows how, day by day. and night by night, the allies beat back the foe's depleted armies. Accompanied by the camera. Italian skirmishers dash through the shell- shattered villages in pursuit of the fleeing Austrian. Soon the hills held by the enemy are theirs, and they scat ter, and search for machine gun nests. The celluloid record shows a squad rushing an Austrian fortified cave, and the result is the capture of a number of prisoners. What has been declared to be one of the tensest and most impressive parts of the film shows Britain's battalions face to face with a key stone of the Hindenburg line, waiting for the signal to go "over the top." Another part of the film which shows the activities of the Yanks, is one morning when Marshal Foch sent Pershing's crusaders to clean up the St. Mihiel salient. The achievements of the four nations, shown in this pic ture, make it one of the most valuable thus far of the "Official War Review." DnAasaat totrrlsktm -li lt is a striking proof of the quality of workmanship done by these famous clothesmakers that tens of thousands of Kirschbaum-tailored uniforms should be worn by American Army officers while training, marching and fighting. The same qualities which Army officers require in their garments accurate fit, smart lines, long wear will also be found in Kirschbaum Clothes for civilians. Suits, Overcoats Moderately Priced at $20, $25, $30 and up to $55. PHEGLEY & CAVENDER Corner Fourth and Alder Streets lions, and. naturally, American states men have In mind a union of nations somewhat in the form of our own union of states, though with not so com prehensive and close a union, at the beginning, a least. There Is naturally formed In the minds of Americans a conception of a world-wide republic, founded upon a constitution to be formed at the peace conference and ratified by as many nationa as see fit to Join the .league. That constitution is expected to pro vide three branches of league govern raent legislative, executive and Judi cial. Ui.like our own legistative sys tern, the law-making body of the league would be. composed of but one house, although, probably, partaVIng of some of the characteristics of both of our ' houses of Congress. Plaa er Checks Made Kaowa. In the formation of the American system of legislation, the Senate, com posed of an equal number of members from each state, was Intended to pre serve a sort of equality between the states as separate sovereignties, while the House of Representatives, com posed of members apportioned accord ing to population, was expected to give to the people of a state a voice In na tional legislation commensurate with the number of people represented. This one part of the plan of checks and balances. Since discussion of the League of Na tions has become general, there has been much speculation as to the form the international legislative body prob ably will assume. It is readily ap parent that a nation like Great Britain, with a population of 4s.000.000 in the l. mted Kingdom alone and over 437.000.000 in the territory under the dominion of the -empire, would not be willing to become a member of a league of nations on an equality of representation with a nation like Switzerland with a population of less than 4.000.000. Neither, on the other hand, would Switzerland be likely to consent to membership In a league having legislative power. If the repre sentation were to be based upon popu lation alone. It is deemed probable, therefore, that any form of government that will be formulated for a League of Nations will provide for a minimum represen tation for each nation, with additional representation based upon population. Protection of the smaller nations could be assured in several ways primarily by reservations In the constitution of the league, but also by requiring the a.sen. of the representatives of a cer tain per cent of the whole number of nations, or by requiring ratification by the legislative bodies of the nationa separately. laefalaeaa Weald Be Destroyed. The latter limitation largely would destroy the usefulness of an Interna tional legislature, because of the delay, so that it seems more likely that pro tection of the smaller nations will be assured by consitutlonal limitation upon the powers of the League con Kress and the right of the representa tives of smaller nations to defeat legis lation that is obnoxious. In our own yatcm of government, the branches were enumerated, and de fined In the order of Legislative. Exec utive and Judicial, and this was de signed to be the order of their import -rare. It Is believed by many that the F-xecuttve has assumed the greater im portance in our Government, although there was some indication in the recent election returns that the people still place the legislative body first. How ever that may be, comment upon the l-robable form of a League of Nations usually places the Judicial after the legislative, with tho executive last, this jrobab'y beljiir due to the same appre hension that there will be need to pro tect the weaker nation. Under such an arrangement, before any nation could be coerced by force, there would b. In regular procedure, an appeal to the Judicial body before the executive could undertake to compel compliance with any act of the league congress. The Executive branch of the League, as It ordinsrly contemplated, would be ' largely a naval organisation, under the command of a board of several execu tives rather than a single Individual -occupying a position similar to that of j corruption. One of the most interesting scenes In the production Is when 400 of the un derworld storm Rev. Mr. Smith's church at the bidding of their masters. -The Fall of Barbary Coast" was written for the screen by Grance Mar bury Sanderson, from the detailed ac counts given her by Rev. Smith. "Path to Victory" Released. "The Path to Victory." number 24 of "Official War Review," which will be released by Pathe this week, is said Charlie Chaplin as a Rookie. The inimitable Charlie Chaplin never appeared in a better picture than "Shoulder Arms," which is being shown this week at the Liberty Theater. Charlie's experiences as a rookie in the Army are manifold, each one being Just a little bit more amusing than the other. His difficulties begin when his feet attract the attention of the drill sergeant, and he has difficulty in making them face the right direction. The manual of arms also causes a few complications, much to the discomfort of Charlie and his companions on the right and left of him. Several raids are participated In by Charlie, but the climax of his military career comes when ne volunteers lor special duty, and goes into the enemy's trenches. our own President and Commander-in- Chief. With an international fleet composed of ships manned by all the participating nations and under the command of men selected from the weaker as well as the stronger nations, there would be a minimum of fear ol unjust coercion. Such a fleet, of course, s one of the necessary prerequisites to a plan of disarmament such as has been advocated so strongly for many years. League President's Hope. There are many at the National Cap ital who consider the formation- of a League of Nations as a more important factor in the President's determination to go to Europe, than the terms of the treaty of peace. The well-known per sistency of the President in trying to make this a one-man government is not overlooked In discusiing his per sonal participation in the European conference. There are those who Bug gest that the President may have an abiding confidence that he is best able to write a constitution for the League of Nations and that he Is best fitted to be its first president. Having shown no lack of confidence in his ability to direct all the affairs of this nation in either peace or war, it would not be inconsistent with his past record If be entertained an ambition as great total of las this. As the convening of the peace con ference draws nearer. It Is more and more recognized that the terms to be imposed upon the defeated combatants are insignificant as compared with th possibilities of a League of Nationa restoration and reparation are im portant, and will impose some diffi cult tssk. But the payment of the debt, as demonstrated by liquidation of similar obligations imposed upon othei nations, will be a matter of a few years. The men who make up the peace conference and the parts played by the different participants, soon will be forgotten. But not so with the man who takes the leading part in the formation of a permanent League of Nations, and who, perhaps, will have the honor.of serving as Its first Chief Executive. The man who occupies that position will hot be bothered by any controversy as to his right to go beyond the borders of his own county to be entertained and honored by the peoples of other nationa No other man-outside of sacred history has ever occupied such a high position of honor as that which will be enjoyed by tne first president of the League of Nations. ised extensive alterations on military airplanes which the War Department Is turning over to it has no foundation except in your imagination," Mr. Bur leson said in his letter to Captain Lips ner. His assertion that novices are to be employed in the service, Mr. Burle son said, "is on a par with the other statements, since the two new officials appointed are aviators, which you are not." In connection with Captain Llpsner's retirement, Mr. Burleson announced the creation of two departments for the air mall service, one headed by Lieu tenant J. Clark Edgerton as chief of flying operations, and the other by Dr. L. T. Bussler as chief of maintenance and equipment. Both have been in the Army and postal service and take up the duties heretofore performed by Captain Llpsner. BURLESON DENIES CHAROE EX-AIR MAIL- HEAD SAID HAVE MISSTATED FACTS. TO Postmaster-General Asserts Novices Will Not Be Pat Charge of Aerial Post. That in WASHINGTON". Dec. S. Postmaster General Burleson wrote Captain Ben jamin Llpsner yesterday in accepting his resignation as superintendent of the aerial mail service that charges made public by him In leaving the office were "from beginning to end a tissue of misstatement upon matters of which you should have been fully conver sant." Captain Llpsner was quoted Friday night as saying he resigned because he had been informed novices were to be placed in charge of important branches of the service, and that special air planes are to be built for carrying mall. "The statement that the Postofflce Department had considered or author- PROJECT PROMISING ONE 3,000,000 ACRES IX TWO STATES EASILY IRRIGABLE. T AVIATORS KILLED MACHINE DROPS S000 FEET AT ROCKWELL FIELD. Accident While Looping the Loop Is Believed to Be Responsi ble for Deaths. x LOS ANGELES, Cal., Dec 8. Lieu tenant Herbert N. Chaffee, of Pasa dena, and Lieutenant Charles J. Drake, of Mankato, Kan., both pursuit pilots and instructors at Rockwell Field, San Diego, were Instantly killed today when the airplane in which they were riding plunged from an elevation esti mated at 3000 feet, falling into a back yard in the southern part of the city. According to military authorities the two officers, with Lieutenant Shaf fee as pilot, were returning to Rock well Field after a special detail when the accident happened. Inspection of the wrecked machine by Army aviators failed to reveal the cause of the accident. Observers of the field declared that the men apparently were attempting to loon the loop when they plunged to tne ground. KNOWLTON BROTHRS FINED Professor Landes Tells of Plans to "Water Qnlncy Flats and Falonse District. WENATCHEE. Wash., Dec. 8. (Spe cial.) Professor Henry Landes, of ye University of Washington is in We natchee attending to the harvest of his apple crop. Professor Landes prepared the maps for the 3,000.000-acre Irrigation project being promoted by Governor Lister, Mayor Hanson, of Seattle, and other prominent officials of the state, which Is designed to water the Quincy Flats and fouc or five times as much more land, including the Palouse district. Conditions at the point ot diversion and the topography of the country gen erally are especially favorable for the success of the project," said Professor Landes. "Government measurements along Clark's Fork show more than enough water in the river at all times to irrigate 3.000,000 acres. A dam which would raise the level of the water five feet above present average height would provide water fo 2.000.000 acres, which is all the land readily available for use, with a large surplus for power purposes, and still leave the minimum flow in the river, which would naturally belong to British Columbia. "As most of the land already has con slderable rainfall, not so much wate would be required for irrigation as is needed in the Wenatchee Valley, for tance. No exact estimates have been made as to the cost of the project, but feasibility is well established. As it is a Government project, or will be if adopted, the claims of the two states. Idaho and Washington, can be easily adjusted." cularly noticeable at the corner of Sixth and Main streets, one of the most prominent corners in the city, where three brick buildings, put up since the middle of the Summer, have worked a wonderful change for the better in the appearance of the street. The new Bristol building, although not yet finished, now has the roof on and upper windows in and gives an Uea of what its completed state will be. The white pressed brick and up-to-date mode of architecture promise to make it one of the handsomest buildings in the city. The new Lorenze building across the street is nearly ready for occupancy and will be a sub stantial improvement. WOOL CONTROL UNLIKELY GOVERNMENT NOT EXPECTED TO HANDLE 1919 CLIP. fiVlflTOR DELAYS RETURN STORM IS BREWING' ON MOUN TAINS, SAYS LIEUTENANT. Confessed Bootleggers Plead Guilty in Bend Courts. BEND. Or.. Dec, 8. (Special.) Jerry and John Knowlton, arrested In Portland recently on telegraphic ad vices from the local officers. Saturday pleaded guilty to charges of bootleg ging In the Justice Court and were fineed $100 each. George Knowlton, ac cused of a similar charge, was released. The Sheriff avers that the Knowlton brothers.-In company with John Liard, now held in Jail in Portland for killing Policeman Twombley, atempted to bring a cargo of liquor into Oregon from California for salable purposes. On the way north their automobiles were stalled In McKenzle Pass, and they were obliged to seek assistance. It was then that the Officers discovered their plans and confiscated the contra band. I WOUNDED SOLDIER HOME Klamath Falls Tarns Ont to Wei come Roy H. Lewis. KLAMATH FALLS. Or., Dec. 8. (Special.) Klamath Falls' first wound ed soldier to return from the battle fields of France, Roy H. Lewis, was greeted warmly on his return to the city last evening. A large crowd of enthusiastic cltl zens gathered at the depot to meet the train, and the hero of the trenches was giving a rousing ovation as he stepped from the coach. Escorted by his father on one side and his mother on the other, he marched under the Stars and Stripes, between two files of the Women's Re lief Corps, from the car steps to the depot platform, where K. B. Hall gave an inspiring address of welcome. Members of the Klamath Falls band, with patriotic airs, added largely to the success of the reception. Local Patrolmen Restrained. Patrolmen will no longer be allowed to hold women for the health bureau without consulting their captains, ac cording to an order issued Saturday by Chief of Police Johnson. The bulletin commands the captains to keep a rec ord of all arrests In moral cases, show ing whether the prisoners were held in Jail or released. - . . . . RELEASED MEN OUTFITTED Vancouver Merchants Sell Many New Suitcases and Overcoats. VANCOUVER, Wash., Dec. 8. (Spe clal.) When soldiers reported to Van couver Barracks in their civilian clothes, carrying suitcases and light baggage, merchants did a thriving business in buying civilian clothing. second-hand suitcases and overcoats. The articles were purchased at very low prices, as the men preferred a few dollars to their civilian clothing. Some of the men sent home their suitcases filled with clothing and the express of fice sentr away 600 suitcases daily. The merchants now are selling at low prices to the discharged men new suit cases brought over from Portland by the drayload. One clothing merchant advertised that he has 400 overcoats to pick from and he is outfitting many discharged soldiers. KLAMATH ADDS BUILDINGS Three Brick Structures Improve Business Section of City. KLAMATH FALLS, Or., Dec 8. (Special.) At hardly' any time during its "boom'" days of 1910, '11 and '12 has Klamath Falls experienced the building of substantial business struc tures which have been added within the last few months. This is parti- Growers Demand Protection From Marketing of Surplus Held by the Administration. OREGONIAN' NEWS BUREAU. Wash ington, Dec. 8.- Although the informa tion is of an informal nature. Repre sentative Sinnott has it; from what is deemed reliable authority that the Gov ernment will not in any way handle the wool clip for 1919, as the wool grow ers desire. A formal statement of the Adminis tration's plan is expected in a day or so. Growers are insistent that the Gov ernment shall take every possible step to protect' them from the disastrous effects of the dumping of the Govern ment holdings at the same time that there is a free market here for foreign wools. Mr. Sinnott is confident, from his talk with wool administration of ficials, that while the Government will not take over the 1919 clip, it will de vise a plan for marketing the large stocks It now holds, which will not re sult in a slump in market values. This will require two policies the exclusion of heavy imports and the gradual sale of Government holdings at fixed prices, probably slightly under the figures at which the wool was bought in the ab sence of an import duty on wool. The only method of preventing im ports will bo by arbitrary regulation as an incident of shipping control. It is lenown that there are large accumula tions of wool in South Africa, South America, Australia and New Zealand, awaiting shipment. The Government holdings are estimated at 450,000,000 pounds. The unlimited release of the Government holdings and the opening of markets to foreign wool would, the growers believe, make impossible profitable price for the 1919 clip. Second Test Flight Will Be Made This Morning to Determine Conditions. EUGENE, Or.. Dec. 8 (Special.) Lieutenant A. F. Hogland, Army avia tor, en route to Sacramento from Seat tle, who spent the night in Eugene, did not get away on the last lap of his flight this morning as he had planned, and will remain here until Monday, and perhaps longer. Lieutenant Hogland went up this morning at 10 o'clock to test the at mospheric conditions and circled and looped, volplaned and dived through the air for 35 minutes while the en tire city looked on. When he returned to Conger Field he announced that he would not attempt the flight to Mather Field today because of a storm brew ing over the mountains. He will make another test flight In the mprning and hopes to get away for the south at that time. largest cities of the state believe that a unified organization can help to solve many of the problems arising in the reconstruction period and bring about vital readjustment. Every city and town has been asked to join In the work. Commercial Club May Organize. TACOMA, Wash., Dec. 8. (Special.) Tacoma, Seattle and Spokane Com mercial clubs have united in a call to all similar organizations in the state to have delegates come to Tacoma De cember 16 to form a state-wide asso ciation of commercial clubs. Directors in the affairs of the three clubs in the 1) w w IS TODAY And All Week I I I I I I I I MY TWO DAYS LEFT I I I f lays Bart the Pitfalls of ComnfrcitliMd Vice Stark-Staring- Reality 15c Wfc-djy Mat. Never Before Shown t ThcM'Prkes . 20c Eve and SL 1 ) R- . . . U Jt FW K. Bf 2Kb f 3J Hf! If.:; ft -mtb, vt 2rX,-twwgjy 't. M M k3 I ft V -sW la fiPr -JMQgWsreqwUgii ::w fflra 'I " !!' n: mmii:U- Ungual Hi lliy" " ' 4) I-,. - r-.ini i.il. i. , 1 , ,u, FALL OF if'f H i in i I - i f i "Positively the Funniest CHAPLIN I Ever Saw" That's What They All Said Yesterday JOHN BARRYMORE :'RAFr-E3,M AMATEUR CDACKSHAN" I I I I I I IT'S THE CHAM PION OF 'EM ALL I I I I I I CHARLIE CHAPLIN IN "Shoulder Arms" A RIOT OF MIRTH AT THE r5? 3 LIBERTY OF COURSE GET IN EARLY