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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 28, 1918)
TIIE BrORNITG OREGOXIAN, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1918. USTICE TO ALL PRICE OF PEACE nemy Must Pay, Declares President Wilson in Loan Speech at New York. ECRET TREATIES BARRED liecutlve- Tells Audience That There Most Be bat One Standard of Right and Privilege for Weak and Strong. fContlnqed From Flrmt Par..) right and privilege for all peoples lid nations or shall the strong; do as ey will and the weak suffer without dress? "Shall the assertion of right be hap- lasard and by casual alliance or shall. Liere be a common concert 'to oblige Lie observance of common rights? He added: "No man, no group of men. I hose these to be the issues of the cxuggle. They are the issues of it." Ken mt Victory Arrives Shortly before the President started I peaking, news of the further successes If American. British and French of- ensives on the western front reached I-ie meeting at the Metropolitan Opera louse and this gave dramatic point to Ir. Wilson's peroration that " 'peace rives' can be effectively neutralized Ind silenced only by showing that I very victory of the nations associated gainst Germany brings the nations earer the sort of peace which will I ring security and reassurance to all heoples and make the recurrence of i not her such struggle of pitiless force Ind bloodshed forever Impossible, and I bat nothing else can." "Germany Is constantly Intimating Ihe 'terms' she will accept: and always rinds that the world does not wan terms," declared the .President. It rishes the final triumph of justice ind fair dealing." The text of President Wilson's ad Sress follows: "My fellow citizens: I am not here to promote the loan. hat will be done ably and enthua lastlcally done by the hundreds of ) housands of loyal and tireless me tnd women who have undertaken to present it to you and to our fellow itizens throughout the country; and have not the least doubt of their com lete success, for I know their spirit lind the spirit of the country. "My confidence is confirmed, too, by he thoughtful and experienced co pe rat ion of the bankers here and Everywhere, whn era lendinr their In Valuable aid and guidance. frnaoat Efforts Called Fer. "I have come, rather, to seek an op portunity to present to you some fioughts which I trust will serve to r ive you. in perhaps fuller measure lhan before, a vivid sense of the greet ssues involved, in order that you may appreciate and accept with added en fhusiasm the grave significance of the tuty of supporting the Government by 'our men and your means to the utmost point of sacrifice and self-denial. No man or woman who has really taken in-waat this war means can I hesitate to give to the very limit of what they have; and it Is my mission I here tonight to try to make it clear I once more what the war really means. Tou will need no other stimulation or I reminder of your duty. At every turn of the war we gain a Irresn consciousness or what we mean to accomplish by it. When our hopes and expectations are most excited, we I think more definitely than before o the issues that hang upon it and o I the purposes which must be realized by means of It. For it has positive and well defined purposes which we4 did I not determine and which we cannot .iter. "No statesman or assembly created I them; no statesman or assembly can alter them. They have arisen out of the very nature and circumstances of the war. The most that statesmen I or assemblies can do Is to carry them out or be false to them. They were perhaps not clear at the outset, but they are clear now. War Affair of People's. "The war has lasted more than four years and the whole world has been drawn into it. The common will of mankind has been substituted for the particular purposes of individual states. Individual statesmen may have started the conflict, but neither they nor their opponents can stop it as they please. "It has become a people's war and peoples of all sorts and races, of every degree of power and variety of for tune, are involved In its sweeping processes of change and settlement, "We came into It when its char acter had become fully defined and it was plain that no nation could stand apart or be indifferent to its outcome. Its challenge drove to the heart of everything we cared for and lived for. Our brothers from many lands as well as our own murdered dead under the ise a. were calling to us and we re sponded, fiercely and of course. "The air was clear about us. We aw things in their full, convincing proportions, as they were; and we have seen them with steady eyes and unchanging comprehension ever since. "We accepted the issues of the war as facts, not as any group of men either here or elsewhere had defined them, and we can accept no outcome which does not squarely meet and settle thein. Great laaaes Defined. "Those Issues are these: "Shall the military power or any nation or group of nations be suffered to determine- the fortunes of peoples over whom they have no right to rule except the right of force? "'shall strong nations be free to "wrong weak nations and make them subject to their purpose and interest? bhall peoples be ruled and dominated even In their own internal affairs, by arbitrary and irresponsible force, or by their own will and choice? "Shall there be a common standard of right and privilege for all peoples and nations, or shall the strong do as they will and the weak suffer without redress? "Shall the assertion of right be hap hazard and by casual alliance, or shall there be a common concert to oblige the observance or. common rights? "No man. no group of men, chose these to be the issues of the struggle. They are the issues of it; and they must be settled by no arrangement or compromise or adjustment of in terests, but definitely and once for all, and with a full and unequivoc l acceptance of the principle that the Interest of the weakest is as sacred as the interest of the strongest. "This is what we mean when we peak of a permanent peace, if we speak sincerely, intelligently and with a real knowledge and comprehension of the matter we deal with. All 'Bararalna Barred. "We are all agreed that '.her can be no peace obtained by any kind of bar gain or compromise with the Govern ments of the central empires because w have dealt with them already and have seen them deal with other gov ernments that were parties to this struggle, at Brest-Litovsk and Buchar est. "They have .convinced as that they are without honor andldo not Intend justice. They observe no covenants, accept no principle but force and their own interest. We cannot 'come to terms' with them. Tbey havs made It impossible. ' "The German people must by "his time be fully aware that we -.annot ac cept the word of those who forced this war upon us. We do not think the same thoughts or speak the same language of agreement. "It is of capital Importance that we should also be explicitly agreed thxt no peace shall be obtained by any Kind of compromise or abatement of the principles we have avowed as ihJ prin ciples for which we are fighrlnr- Theie should exist no doubt about that. I am, therefore, going to take the liberty of speaking with the utmoit frankr.e-ss about the practical implications that are Involved In It. All Mast Pay Price. "If It be Indeed and in truth the common object of the governments as sociated against Germany, and of the nations whom they govern, as I believe It to be, to achieve by the coming set tlements a secure and lasting peace, it will be necessary that all who elt down at the peace table shall come ready and willing to pay the price, the only price, that will procure It; and ready and willing, also, to create in some virile fashion the only instrumentality by which it can be made certain that the agreements of the peace will be honored and fulfilled. 'That price is impartial Justice In every item of the settlement, no matter whose interest is crossed; and not only impartial justice but also the satisfac tion of the several peoples wnose fortunes are dealt with. "That indispensable Instrumentality Is a league of nations formed under covenants that will be efficacious. Without such an Instrumentality, by which the peace of the world can be guaranteed, peace will rest in part upon the word of outlaws and only unon that word. For Germany will have to redeem her character, not by what happens at the peace table, but by what follows. "And.- as I see It, the constitution of that league of nations and the clear definition of its objects must be a part, In a sense the most essential part of the peace settlement itself. False Promises Cited. "It cannot be formed now. If formed now it would be merely a new alliance confined to the nations associated nirainst a common enemy, it is not likely that it could be formed after the settlement. It is necessary to guarantee the peace, an.d the peace can not be guaranteed as an afterthought. "The reason, to speak in plain terms again, why it must be guaranteed is that there will be parties to the peace whose promises have proved untrust worthy, and means must be found In connection with the peace settlement Itself to remove that source of inse curity. It would be folly to leave the guarantee to the subsequent voluntary action of the governments we have seen destroy Russia and deceive Rou manfa. "But these general terms do not dis close the whole matter. Some details are needed to make them sound less like the thesis and more like a prac tical programme.. ' No Favorites to Be Played. "These, then, are some of the par ticulars, and I state them with the greatest confidence because I can state them authoritatively as representing this Government's Interpretation of its own duty with regard to peace:' "First, the impartial justice meted out must involve no discrimination be tween those to whom we wish to be just and those to whom we do not wish to be Just. It must be a justice tnai nlavi no favorites and knows no stand ard but the equal rights of the several peoples concerned; Second, no special or separate inter est of any single nation or any group of nations can be made the basis of any part of the settlement which is not con sistent with the common interests of all: Third, there can be no leagues or alliances or special covenants and un derstandings with the general and com- ' mon family of the league of nations; Fourth, and more specifically, there can be no special, selfish economic com binations within the league and no em ployment of any form of economic boy cott or exclusion except as the power of economic penalty by exclusion from the markets of the world may be vested in the league of nations Itself as a means of discipline and control. Fifth, all international agreements and treaties of every kind must be made known in their entirety to the rest of the world. War Causes to Be Removed. . "Special alliances and" economic ri valries and hostilities have been the prolific cause in the modern world of the plans and passions that produce war. It would De an insincere as wen as an insecure peace that dii not ex clude them in definite and binding terms "The confidence with which I venture to speak for our people in these mat ters does not spring from our tradi tions merely and the well-known prin ciples of international action which we have always professed and fol lowed. In tho Ft me sentence in which I say that the United States will enter into no special arrangements or under standings with particular nations, let me say als- that the united btates is prepared to assume its full share of responsibility for the maintenance of the common covenants and unriei stand ings upon wnlsl i ece must hencefortn I est. We still read Washington's immortal warning against 'entangling alliances' with full comprehension and an an swering purpose. But only special and limited alli.-rces entangle; and we rec ognize and cccept the duty of a new day. in which we are permitted to nop" tcr a general alliance which will avo'd ei.langlemen's -nd clear the air of the world for con. mon understandings and tfct. mainten4r.ee of common rignta. Iteolute Frankness Necessary. I have made this analysis of the in ternational situiftion which the war h created, not, of course, because I doubt ed whether the leaders of the great nations and peoples with whom we are associated were, of the same mind and entertained a like purpose, but because the air every now and again gets dark ened by mists and groundless doubt ing' and mischievous perversions of counsel and it Is necessary once and again to sweep all the irresponsible talk about peace intrigues and weak ening morale and doubtful purpose on the part of those In authority utterly and, if need be, unceremoniously aside and say things in the plainest words that can be found, even when it is only to say over again what has been said before quite as plainly if in less un varnished terms. As I have said, neither I nor any other man In Governmental authority created or gave form to the issues of his war. I have simply responded to them with such vision as I could com mand. But I have responded gladly and with a resolution that has grown warmer and more confident as the is sues have grown clearer and clearer. Wllsoa Happy to Fight. It Is now plain that there are issues which no man can pervert unless it be wilfully. I am bound to fight for them. nd happy to fight for them as time and circumstance have revealed them to me as to all the world. Our enthu- iasm for them grows more and more rresistible as they stand out in more nd more vivid and unmistakable out- ine. And the forces that fight for them draw into closer and closer array, or- ' for Fall I The new shapes in H black, dark green, dark H $4, $5, $6 I New Velours I $10, $13.50 I Caps $1.50 to $2.5.0 H BEN SELLING I Leading Hatter Morrison " at Fourth 4 ganlze their millions Into more and more unconquerable might, a they be come more and more distinct to the thought and purpose of the peoples en gaged. "It is the peculiarity of this great war that, while statesmen have seemed to cast about for definitions of their purpose and have sometimes seemed to shift their ground and their point of view, the thought of the mass of men, whom statesmen are supposed to in struct and lead, has grown more and more unclouded, more and more cer tain of what it is that they are fight ing for. Common Purpose Supreme. 'National purposes have fallen more and more into the background and the common purpose of enlightened man kind has taken their places. The coun sels of plain men have become on all hands more simple and straightfor ward and more unified than the coun sels of sophisticated men of affairs who still retain the impression that they are playing a game of power and playing for high stakes. "That Is why I have Bald that this the people's war, not a statesmen's. Statesmen must follow the clarified common thought or be broken. "I take that to be the significance of the fact that assemblies and asso ciations of many kinds, made up of plain workaday people have demanded, almost every time they came together and are still demanding, that the lead ers of their governments declare to them plainly what it is, exactly what it Is, that -they are seeking in this war, and what they think the items of the final settlement should be. Plain People Wait Facts. "They are not yet satisfied with what they have been told. They still seem to fear that they are getting what they ask for only in statesmen's terms only in the terms of territorial ar rangements and divisions of power, named in terms of broad-visioned Just ice and mercy and peace and the sat isfaction of those deep-seated longings of oppressed and distracted men and women and enslaved peoples that sewm to them the only things worth fight ing a war for that engulfs the world. "Perhaps statesmen have not always recognized this changed aspect of the whole world of policy and action. Per haps they have not always spoken in direct reply to- the questions asked be- TODA Y You can buy Liberty Bonds at my store for one dollar first payment, and one dollar weekly for each $50 bond you buy; larger bonds in the same proportion. I CHARGE YOU NO INTEREST. When you have completed your payments I will deliver your bonds with ALL THE INTER EST COUPONS ATTACHED. ' Good Boys' Clothes Apply that either way to the boys or the clothes I believe in both. Cer tain it is that here is Portland's most wonderful most abundant stock of boys' clothes. I see troops of boys come marching in, their faces shining with eager anticipation; I see them passing out clad in new suits, or with their arms clasped around big, mysterious-looking bundles which, ten to one, contain new suits or overcoats. Here are suits of tweeds, cheviots, serges, cassi meres, stripes, checks, mixtures; fabrics chosen with great care, and as carefully tailored. Today will be a great boys' day here. Bring yours. $6.50, $8.50, $10, $12.50, $15, $16.50, $18, $20, $22.50, $25 Children's Overcoats, $6.50 to $20 Boys' Store, Second Floor Elevator C 11. enoenm Morrison momw n u cause they did not know how searching those questions were ana what Bort or answers they demanded. But I. fer one. am glad to attempt the answer again and again. In the hope that I may make it clearer and clearer that my one thought is to satisfy those who struggle in the ranks and are per haps, above all others, entitled to a reply whose meaning no one can have any excuse for misunaerstanaing, n he understands the language in which it is spoken or can get someone to translate it correctly into his own. Free Expression Invited. "And I believe that the leaders of the governments with which we are asso ciated will speak, as they have occa sion, as plainly as I have tried to speak. 'I hope that they win reel tree to say whether they think that I am in any degree mistaken in my interpreta tion of the-issues involved or in my purpose with regard to the means by which a satisfactory settlement of those issues may be obtained. Unity of purpose and or counsel are as imperatively necessary in this war as was unity of command in the battle field: and with perfect unity of purpose and counsel will come assurance of complete victory. It can be had in no other way. 'Peace drives can be effectively neutralized' and silenced only by show ing that every victory of the nations associated against Germany brings the nations nearer the sort of peace which will bring security and reassurance to all peoples and make the recurrence of another such struggle of pitiless force and bloodshed forever impossible, and that nothing else can. "Terms" Not Wanted. 'Germany is constantly Intimating the "tends' she will accept; and always finds that the world does not want terms. It wishes the final triumph of justice and fair dealing." Five thousand persons who filled the Metropolitan Opera-house to capacity heard the President speak. Five min utes before his arrival a guard of sol diers, sailors and marines seated at the rear of the platform were suddenly ordered to attention. They arose with mart click of rifles, the National colors were advanced and the great audience became silent. This dramatic quiet was maintained without interruption until the Presl dent, without other warning of his coming, walked out on the stage, es corted by Benjamin Strong, governor of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Then a tremendous burst of cheering broke loose, which caused the Presi dent, after taking his. seat, to rise three times in acknowledgment. President Joins in Singing. A sailor band played "America," the President joining with the audience in singing it. Mr. Strong read to the audience a summary of late reports showing American troops' advances during the day in France. Cheers greeted the news of the American success, particularly when Mr. Strong said the Yankee troops in their drive had reclaimed 100 square miles of territory for France. Patriotic fervor seemed to reach Its climax when the President arose to be gin his address, the audience rising and again cheering for several min utes. Mr. Wilson read from printed text. After resting, following his arrival In New York, the President, accom panied by Mrs. Wilson, Miss Margaret Wilson and Rear Admiral Grayson, left for Colonel House's residence, where they had dinner. Among the other guests were Attorney-General Gregory arid Jesse Jones, of the American Red Cross. After dinner the President went to the Metropolitan Opera House. Prune Pickers Are Excused. SALEM, Or.. Sept. 27. (Special.) Pupils in the Salem public schools who have a letter showing that they have been employed in assisting In the prune harvest wlH be excused from the first "week of school. This was the unani mous decision of the school board In declaring its willingness to co-operato in saving Marion County's great Industry. BLAMKETS T0BE TREBLED Warm Covers Furnished Soldiers Going Overseas. WASHINGTON, Sept. 27. Threo blankets Instead of one hereafter will be issued to each American soldier go ing overseas, the War Department an nounced today. Members of the Tank Corps will get heavy mackinaws instead of the ordi nary Army overcoat. Maxim Invents Unsinkable Ship Hudson Maxim has invented it for the United States Shipping Board. 'The gases from a torpedoare white hot and travel thirty miles a second. They rend everything in their path. But Maxim stops them with a barrage of pulverized coal, oil and concrete. He tells the story of his great invention in the October Popular Science Monthly. To keep up-to-date also read How Fighting Airplanes are Invented Shooting Barbed Wire at the Germans Machine that Fits Shoes to Soldiers' Feet New Tools and Machines How Electricity Cures Shell-Shock Shot Down from the Clouds an Aviator's Thrilling Escape What is a Soldier's Chance of Gettinj Back Uninjured Over 200 new ideas and 300 pictures in the October number Popular Science Monthly tells about, and pictures all the new inventions and discoveries in airplanes, automo biles, poison gas, submarines, machin ery, electricity and all branches of science. Keep up with the times. Get the October Popular Science MONTHLY 20 cents on all newsstands BUY TOBACCOS HERE 69c :25c Star, Home Shoe, Medium Climax- all eight- npace. Camel Cigarettes, two packages for. All leading- 6 Cfla-arsi 1'felfer. Lnion, Schiller's S m o k ers, V el in das. New Bachelors and many other 0 clicars, price OC Box -of 50 only $2.45 -FIRST, SECOND AND ALDER STS.- Rousing Saturday Shoe Specials Lowest prices on seasonable shoes fnr dim. wnmpn hnvs nnrl.o-irla mrnmi 7 ' ' fSSfl&iTii9 Women's Tan Calf Boots, with 9-inch WfiilSjiii-B lfhsilci tnna nnf ntlitir A 1 -k - mmb ' heeIs ; Litaa'k Women s Mahogany Kid Shoes, with cloth telll f"d only $4.yS &tW&f$&k Men's Black Leather Bluchers I0 no lvwar onerea at oniy Men's Solid Leather GA'AQ &??ffi)&L Button Dress Shoes V Mm, Boys Heavy Unlined School liCt?-.1. Shoes offered at, d0 Z lilWk'' the pair POSJ S- fe-'-'iSaw Girls' Gunmetal Button -"A'vMMSnnit shoes of- 0 OQ " '" , fered at.. P2 1 J Dress Goods $1.49 Attractive patterns in serges and plaids for school dresses, 36 and 40 inches wide. Various shades and patterns. Women's House Dresses $2.98 and $3.25 Made of the very best grade of ginghams in the late styles; short sleeves; wide all-round belt; large collars. Women's Lisle Hose 39 These come in either black or white, and they have garter tops, with reinforced heels and toes. Regular 50c values 39c. Children's Hose 35 Medium vrelKht "Bear" brand Rfbbrd Hoae for BlrU' anil hoy' chool wear; size 6's to lo, in black only. Children's Union Suits Mcrly made of pure white medium ribbed fleece-lined cotton. Sim - tcirv O SUealStofcl 1 f VOL lyrara...0XtVU 10 year. 16 years... OPENING SATURDAY Sheet Music Department Featuring All the Latest Song Hits. All Day Demonstration Come in and hear some of them played by our demonstrator: , THREE SELECTIONS 25 Cents Table Crockery White Dinner Plates, or 2 for -SOC Flowered Pie Plates 5 Fancy Dishes Platters, Bowls, Vegetable Dishes, Cake Plates, etc values to 75c, OP go at OC Lovely 42-Piece Dinner Sets $10.50 $9.75 Paint Up Now Be Ready for the Fall rains; They'll Be Here Soon Shingle Stain, 5-gal- &n O C Ion cans J0.nSO Shingle Stain, 1-gal- J - Af Ion cans J 1 tU House Paint, all col- C O 7 C ors. gallon Chi-Namel Varnishes, qt...50 Kalsomine, all colors, lb.... 8 Complete lines of Oils, Paints, Varnishes and Brushes. SATURDAY -SPECIALS FOR THE KITCHEN 12-qunrt Knamelcd ( (J llurketH ZJDC 14-qt. Knamcltdtf ff Bucketx 91UU One-arallon Aluminum Stew l'ota, cov- (1 Q C ered O 1 iOO Grocery Specials SAVE BIG MONEY ON THESE GRISCO ! GRISCO ! 1 !A lbs. 3 lbn. Alba. niba. 43c 87c $1.71 $2.57 WESSON OIL Small Itlrdlum Iiajpre 37c 75c $1.50 MAZOLA OIL Ptn. Qt. '4 Gala. lint. 31c 62c $1.15 $2.26 Crescent Baking Powder, special, 1 lb. 190 Booth Crescent Sardines 170 Guaranteed Eggs, dozen 500 Large pkg. Citrus Powder. .. .230 Crystal White Soap, 4 bars 220 Matches, 5 large boxes for. .. .200 U.Uvered Free With Other l'urchar. Tools for the Carpenter and Shipbuilder No.. 151 Stanley Spoke (!( Shaves UVTC 5C Bailey Planes for only 6C Bailey Planes for only No. 113 Stanley Iron Circular Planes No. 50 Sargent's Box nf- Srra ntra i-- " - -- -- -- -- No. 87 Saw Sets for only 50 - foot Luf kin Steel Tapes , 6 - foot Rustless Zig Zag Rules Auto Hammers for OC only .CiUC $4.10 $4.75 $4.50 50c $3.50 $1.75 Furnishings for Men and Boys Garments that you need right now, at prices the lowest Heavyweight Fleece - Lined Q J 25 '7 Interwoven Hose, natural, black, PA. .adimarfl nair : Vi Men's .and Bo vs L-aos. large IT o -Jji - m r if s . assortment, upwards from... -'-' E X T R A All-Wool Mackinaws, regu- fi larly $15 and $18, spe- IQ "7C cial at If yjd " wv i' f KihhoH h Ippro inHl I mn.Il 1 T'T.'0' &U11S WOp lO S- SPECIAL Painters' Overalls. Sat urday at $1.95 J I. f F r