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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 2, 1918)
TIIE MORNING OREGONTAN, 'TUESDAY, APRIL ' 2 1918. 5 nrnMuiv xnMii n IIIIU man i ami FOR TRADE WAR nicMltd br the American Chamber of Commerce is a most powerful And why. ir vara are to con after thia one, should we contrlhat German trade proftta and consequently to German preparations for another Dye Industry in America Will Be Object of Sudden, Fierce Offensive. TARIFF WALL WOULD AID Tcnton Goirrnmrnl to Have Prac tical Pari la Contest Bargains v 1-ipct'Wil to Extinguish Prej udices Against Germans. BT JAMK3 W. GERARD. Amrtraa Atr.baslor st the Ormtn Im perial Court. July S3. Is IS. to rVhroarr 4. 1SI7. Author of "My Knurs Year Ocrmsny " (Copyright. 117. by public Ledger Company. The war after the war. in trade and commerce, may be Ions; and bitter. The rivers of Germany are lined with ships of TvOu or oeo tons. many of toera ballt or completed since the war. and Germany design aa ber first play in this commercial war to seise the carry inr trade of the world. The German exporter has lost hi: trade for years. Alliances have already been made in great industries, such as the dyestuff industry, in preparation for a sudden and sustained attack upon that new Industry in America. Prices will be cut to far below the cost of production in order that the new Industry of America ns-htlns; sinaie banded against the single-head German trust may be driven from the field. The German government will take a practical hand in this contest, and only the combination of American manufac turers and the erection of a tariff wall of defense can prevent the Americans. If each fla-hta ginrle-handed and for his own end. from falling before the united, efficient and bitter assault of German trade rivals. Wasaea) St Farter. The war baa brought new power and aew responsibility to women. Armed with the franchise, they will demand not only equal rights but equal pay. In treat Britain alone, before the war. there were fewer than 500.000 women workers, where now more than S.OtfO.000 carry the harden even of the war Indue trira of the country. Unless the war ends with a victory so decisive for the allies that an era of nnusual peace shall dawn for the world, each nation will constitute itself an armed camp, fearing always that the German, with his lust for war and con quest, will aa-ain terrorize the world by a sudden assault. And a necessary sequence of thl preparation for war will be the desire of each nation to be self-sufficient to produce within Itself those materials Indispensable for the waging; of war. Capital will be wasted because each nation will store tap quantities of these materials necessary to war which It ta compelled to import from other coun tries. Ce-rasaay "Will Hoard Heavily. For Instance. Germany will always carry treat stocks of train and of fats, of copper and cotton and wool, all of the materials for the lack of which she suffered during the present war. In aiy first book I touched on the change In the Industrial system that will be brought about by the socialised baying and selling Introduced first by Germany and wbtch must be copied by the other nations if they desire to com pete on equal terms with that country. In Germany, for several years after the war at least, and perhaps aa a per manent regulation, the purchase of all luxuries outside of Germany will be forbidden because of the desire to keep German gold and credits at home. Germans have even stated to me that they do not fear in a trade way any prejudice created against them In other countries by their actions during this war. Uerssaaa Belittle' Prejudice. They say that a man always will buy where he can buy the cheapest and that however much a merchant may bate the Germans after the war. if he can buy the goods he wants for his use from Germany at a cheaper rate than anywhere else he will forget his preju dices In the interest of his pocketbook. Thia is a question which each reader will have to solve for himself. I'er- aonally. I believe that In England. In France and In America, too. if the war should last a long time, the prejudice against German trickery and brutality In war will become so great that many a merchant will prefer to lose a little money than to deal with German sell ers. However, the appeal of the pocket- hook is always so earnest and ao In sistent that the Germans may be right In the view that financial considera tions will weigh down the balance as against the prejudice cngenedered in thia struggle. Political Caaaae Necessary. And if there comes a chance of gov ernment In Germany, if the Hohenzol lerns no longer control, or if in a liber alized Germany the ministers are re sponsible to a popular Parliament, whlla Kings sink to the political posi tion of the Kings of Great Britain or of Spain, then the commercial preju dice certainty will not last long. The hovcott of Germany for 5ft years The nations of the allies must reck on too. with the bitter, bitter hate felt for them by the whole German people and only one who has been In Ger many since the war can realize lta In tensity. One great factor In forcing a change of government will be the desire of the Individual German after the war to say that the government of hla country existing then Is not the government that ordered the shooting of Edith Cavell. the enslavement of the women and girla of Northern France, the de portation of the Belgian workingmen, the horrors of the prison camps, the burning of Louvaln and all the other countless barbarities and cruelties or dered by the German military com manders. fierssia Will Cast Ota. Imagine after thia war In some dis tant Island, perhaps, a Frenchman, an englishman, an American, a Portu guese, an Italian all seated at the din ing table of a little hotel. A German comes In and seeks to Join them. Will he be treated on an equality? Will he be taken into their society? Or will he he treated as a leper and a pariah? 7 ne Germans will wish to be In position to say: "Why, gentlemen, I waa against an tnese cruelties. I was against the. sinking of the Lusitania and the murder of ita women and chil dren. I waa against the starving of r-oiana ana the slaughter of the Ar menlans and the crucifixion of prls oners, and we Germans have thrown out the government that was responsl bie for these horrors. ' Stronger than any other considera tion will be the desire of the German to repudiate these acts which have made the Germany of today a Cain among the nations an outcast branded with the mark of shame. m GERMANY RESORTS TO PAPER CLOTHING Nation Saved From Nudity by Makeshift Fabric Public Lacks Enthusiasm. MANY SHORTAGES EXIS Hosiery Famine Most Serious an Darning Is Becoming Lost Art. Empire to Great Extent Un washed, Due to Lack of Soap. 0h Anyone Can Sell You a Pair of Shoes, or a Pound of Sugar. But to have your eyes properly fitted with safe, comfortable glasses requires much study, skill and experience. I offer you these together with a sincere desire to make your glasses comfortable, stylish and efficient as it has been my pleasure to do for thousands of Portland people. Dr. Wheat 207 Morgan BIdg. Washington -at Broadway Stateassea Face Bis; Problem. The Russian author Bloch, whom I nave quoted, says, referring to the fu ture war: "Behind all conflicts of Interest be tween nations statesmen must balance the chancea of success of their nation, promised by the recourse to arms, against the terrible miseries of the victims caused by the war as well as the social peril which can be the con sequence of war. They who ask themselves when it will be possible to propose to the oeo- ple of any nation after the war a com pensation for ita enormous sacrifices forget that the conquered will be so exhausted that there will be no ques tion ot Deing able to draw from a con quered nation the least pecuniary in demnity. All that can be Imposed on the con quered will be the bandonment of some rags of frontier territory. 'In these conditions, up to what print can calm be counted on to reign among toe millions or men called to the colors, when In their ranks there is not more than a handful of old officers and when the command will be In the hands of those newly promoted from smong the non-commissioned officers that Is to say. men belonging to the working classes; "Will these workingmen surrender their srms in the states of Central Europe where the propaganda has spread already among the masses? "Will they alio wthemselves to be dia armed after the war and could there not come events more horrible than those which signalized the rapid tri umph of the commune of Farls?" Xatloaa Will Meet la the Markets. Just aa today it Is not Isolated armies but whole peoples In arms that Art op posed, so In the war of commerce after the war not single producers and ex porters, corporations or individuals, but whole nationa will meet In a market of the world. Germany haa favored trusts con trolling prices and unfair competition and we shsll encounter In buying and in selling the whole German nation ranked behind their central buying company in buying and their kartels In selling. Isolated firms and Individuals can not on our side cope with such an of fensive, but we are hampered in effec tiveness by the so-called Sherman law, a law from which England is free. The war will produce great and sudden alterations and President Wil son, in meeting new problems, has pursued a progressive course; witness his support of the Webb law, which enables our manufacturers to combine in export trade. Kvery sign points to a new era In business an era In which the Govern ment will permit even encourag lightened business combinations. The railroads of the country in the efficient hands of McAdoo have already bettered service and the rights of the savings banks and of other holders of the securities of ecah road have been secured. We must, on the one hand, permit the abolition of ruinous competition and on the other safeguard the public from high prices and the smaller firms and corporations from the unfair com petition of a powerful rival. Great changes are coming In the social structure of the world. We are on the threshold of a great readjust ment. Whatever else our entrance Into the war may accomplish, let us hope that It will have made of us a Nation with the throb of a single patriotism and the steady pulse of an energetic effi ciency that shall not merely seek in honest ' rivalry to compete with other nations, but In an enlightened and help ful way shall strive truly to heal a wounded civilization in the God-given days of peace. (Continued Tomorrow.) NEGROES RESIST DRAFT I CFRM1X MONEY FSED I SOUTH. SATS ISrKCTOR. Colored Preacher A ceased of Deliver ing Pre-Haa Seraaeas aad Urg ing Resistance. JACKSON. Miss.. April 1. Charges that German money Is being used encourage Mississippi negroes to evade the selective draft are made In report filed at the Adjutant-General's office today by F. M. Ethridge. state nspector of local exemption boards. The report declares It haa been al most impossible to get negro regts- rants to respond to the draft and that H. Mason, pastor of a negro charge at Lexington. Miss., known as "The Church of God in Christ." has been preaching pro-German sermons and ad vising negroes to resist the draft. The inspector's report said the "Church of God In Christ" has head quarters in Los Angeles. In August, last year, a 110.000 brick church was built at Lexington, for which local negroes furnished only a small part of the building fund, the report says, and also that the pastor, hitherto an obscure preacher, recently erected a t-j.000 residence in Memphis. LOS ANGELES Cai, April 1. Neither German money nor pro-German propaganda is being used In the "Church of God In Christ." It waa said here today by Rev. E. R, Driver, pastor of the Los Angeles branch church. Nebraska Honse Ratifies Prohibition LINCOLN. Neb.. April 1. The House of the Nebraska Legislature today voted In favor of ratifying the National prohibition amendment. The ratifica tion measurs now goes to the Senate. BY CYRIL BROWN. Copyright. 1918. by the Press Publishing Co. ruomnn Dy arrangement wim the Av York World. STOCKHOLM. March 2. Although no nonest oerman is reported as forced to go naked at the commencement of the 1918 season, there nevertheless is a shortage of new clothing In Germany. As In food, so In the matter of clothing, the army comes first. And In order to forestall the otherwise by no means ludicrous possibility of losing me war Dy Deing forced to fight in their socks or shirts, the Germany army has been covered by a providen War Ministry as to Us clothing re quirements for many years to come- for a war of unoverseeable length. as the Germans quaintly phrase It. This is made possible only by con fiscating all stocks of raw materials semi-finished and finished cloths, shirt ings, sheetings, linens, cottons and woolens even rabbit skins in any way adapted to the use of the army or convertible for ultimate army wear on the one hand, and on the other, throttling down the entire immense clothing Industry to a minimum of production except where working in the military interest, taking care only to prevent too precipitate wholesale unemployment. Cottoa Snpply Exhausted. The raw material situation is dis tinctly bad. It Is extremely doubtful whether there Is a single bale of raw cotton In all Germany in manufacturers hands. The conquered territories have been combed with military German thor oughness, and though big hauls were made, notably in Belgium and the Lodz manufacturing district in Poland, these stocks were used up long ago, while the home needs of the neutrals have prevented any cotton coming in, with America's embargo making assurance doubly sure. Germany s cotton problem for the bal ance of the war essentially is one of making old goods into new. of collect ing unwearable cotton clothing and put ting it through the mill again. Nor Is the wool situation much brighter. Austria has first whack at the fleeceable sheep of Hungary and Serbia, and Germany's own wool pro duction, added to all the other can- quered territories can be made to yield. covers but a fractional part of the army's requirements alone. Here, too, the solution can be only that of manufacturing Shoddy of ever ncreaslng shoddiness aa the wax lengthens. Hllk. Flax, Jute All Gone. The stocks of raw silks, though last to go, are exhausted, too. Despite the fact a well-organized propaganda succeeded in increasing Germany's acreage of flax and hemp. the yield is negligible compared with Germany's normal linen requirements. The lack of jute too has become a worry to the government. It does not exist today. That Germany Is in no danger of be ing threatened by an epidemic of nudity t some distant future stage of the war Is entirely due to the sensational turn in the development of the paper thread industry, culminating in the technical triumph of practical woven paper materials. What started as a seemingly vision ary emergency experiment nas Deen perfected into a process or permanent value. Thousand of Spindles Busy. Cotton spinners have evaded closing down. by adapting their plants to paper thread and paper yarn spinning, on which thousands of once idle spindles are running again. Cotton goods and jute makers alike have eagerly gone In for paper weaves from coarsest to finest qualities. In the opinion of experts the new industry still is only on the threshold of its de velopment. It Is prophesied that after the war the production of materials will assume such proportions that the Importation of cotton and Juto will be greatly lim ited, thus helping to restore Germany's unfavorable trade balance and boost up the fallen mark exchange. German manufacturers are even dreaming of its export possibilities, of conquering world markets with their paper fabrics In competition wun ine cotton goods of Kngiana ana America. There is no doubt that the new paper fabric Industry could turn out wearable substitutes for all necessary articles of clothing heretofore made of cotton. wool or linen. The public, however, has shied at the misnomer "paper clothes, and the public's prejudice against wear- ng "paper" has not yet been over come. Paper or Nothing W ill Be Worn. Nevertheless, the time is bound to come when Germans in large numbers will be forced to choose between wear ing paper or nothing. With the exception of a limited num ber of luxury articles and certain frills and furnishings, such as collars and neckties, not an outer or undergarment, not a piece of clothing can be bought in Germany today without a permit Issued on personal application to the police. There is a standard war wardrobe for both men and women. It entitlea a man to have and to hold, among other things, four pairs of socks or stockings and three undershirts four for women and the same number of underdrawers: three nightshirts or gowns, three outer- shirts for men and three blouses for women: two suits for either sex and likewise two overcoats or cloaks. Of the various clothes shortages the most serious is that of hosiery, which again la due to the shortage of darning cotton and thread, coupled with very Inferior quality. Darning is fast be coming a lost art among German women. Babies Staffer With Rest. The most Indispensable swaddling clothes and baby linen are so short that the charitable and social welfare work organizations of Frankfort and other large cities have had to Issue patrlottc appeals to the better situated mothers to donate all possible cotton and linen articles. The acute soap shortage must be re garded as a, serious secondary cause of the lingerie, hosiery and household linen shortages. There is hardly, a rake of good, pure laundry soap 'in Germany today, and the "ersatz" soaps and Imitation soap powders and nonde script chemical washing powders that have flooded the country are ruinous even to new clothing. Acute, too. Is the shortage of toilet soaps. The sensitive nose can measure thia condition in all crowded public TSlfilSlB are! m mmlK "0ar Boys- : f Soldiers, sailors, III .4v2JM fejliil? smoking tO JESi" W Makers of the HighestGrade O p:''-tTw- m Turkish and Egyptian CENTS " . r - Tw-J Mt Cigarettes in the World places. The aroma of the unwashed is steadily enveloping even those higher up In the social scale. There is a very nounsning snoe shortage, and a "throwing back to wooden shoes the fashionable foot gear of the German masses in 1918. Again the army must come first. Not less than 15.000,000 pairs of boots and shoes annually are needed for it. In the main the war shoe industry is specializing in turning out shoes of wooden soles and cloth tops, with nar row Imitation leather trimmings. Twenty-five factories are already able to turn out wooden soles at the rate of 100,000,000 pairs annually, and It is estimated that the consumption of wood in 1918 for this purpose will tlee-d 100,000 cubic yards. lhs shoe situation amounts to a rub ric calamity, aiid municipalities have had to take emergency measures to end the unhappy state. Berlin, for in stance, has set up a municipal shoe repairing institution, with more than 100 branches. Berllners can get their shoes repaired with wooden soles and heels within eight days at the low price of $1.50 for ladies' and J 1.7 5 for men s. (Continued Tomorrow.) You Can Think of Nothing More Desirable Than' This Victrola for $85.00 $5 Down and $5 Per MontK t.rii ftMl iigl if City, town or country, we will deliver' this Style X Victrola to your door, and allow you to pay for it as above. Or for $90.25 we will -include seven double faced records of your own selection on the same terms. Check the coupon below, sign and mail to us. 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