TIIE MORNING OREGONTAN, 'TUESDAY, APRIL ' 2 1918.
5
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FOR TRADE
WAR
nicMltd br the American Chamber of
Commerce is a most powerful
And why. ir vara are to con
after thia one, should we contrlhat
German trade proftta and consequently
to German preparations for another
Dye Industry in America Will
Be Object of Sudden,
Fierce Offensive.
TARIFF WALL WOULD AID
Tcnton Goirrnmrnl to Have Prac
tical Pari la Contest Bargains
v 1-ipct'Wil to Extinguish Prej
udices Against Germans.
BT JAMK3 W. GERARD.
Amrtraa Atr.baslor st the Ormtn Im
perial Court. July S3. Is IS. to rVhroarr
4. 1SI7. Author of "My Knurs Year
Ocrmsny " (Copyright. 117. by public
Ledger Company.
The war after the war. in trade and
commerce, may be Ions; and bitter. The
rivers of Germany are lined with ships
of TvOu or oeo tons. many of toera
ballt or completed since the war. and
Germany design aa ber first play in
this commercial war to seise the carry
inr trade of the world.
The German exporter has lost hi:
trade for years. Alliances have already
been made in great industries, such as
the dyestuff industry, in preparation for
a sudden and sustained attack upon
that new Industry in America.
Prices will be cut to far below the
cost of production in order that the new
Industry of America ns-htlns; sinaie
banded against the single-head German
trust may be driven from the field.
The German government will take a
practical hand in this contest, and only
the combination of American manufac
turers and the erection of a tariff wall
of defense can prevent the Americans.
If each fla-hta ginrle-handed and for his
own end. from falling before the united,
efficient and bitter assault of German
trade rivals.
Wasaea) St Farter.
The war baa brought new power and
aew responsibility to women. Armed
with the franchise, they will demand
not only equal rights but equal pay.
In treat Britain alone, before the war.
there were fewer than 500.000 women
workers, where now more than S.OtfO.000
carry the harden even of the war Indue
trira of the country.
Unless the war ends with a victory
so decisive for the allies that an era of
nnusual peace shall dawn for the world,
each nation will constitute itself an
armed camp, fearing always that the
German, with his lust for war and con
quest, will aa-ain terrorize the world by
a sudden assault.
And a necessary sequence of thl
preparation for war will be the desire
of each nation to be self-sufficient to
produce within Itself those materials
Indispensable for the waging; of war.
Capital will be wasted because each
nation will store tap quantities of these
materials necessary to war which It
ta compelled to import from other coun
tries.
Ce-rasaay "Will Hoard Heavily.
For Instance. Germany will always
carry treat stocks of train and of fats,
of copper and cotton and wool, all of
the materials for the lack of which she
suffered during the present war.
In aiy first book I touched on the
change In the Industrial system that
will be brought about by the socialised
baying and selling Introduced first by
Germany and wbtch must be copied by
the other nations if they desire to com
pete on equal terms with that country.
In Germany, for several years after
the war at least, and perhaps aa a per
manent regulation, the purchase of all
luxuries outside of Germany will be
forbidden because of the desire to keep
German gold and credits at home.
Germans have even stated to me that
they do not fear in a trade way any
prejudice created against them In other
countries by their actions during this
war.
Uerssaaa Belittle' Prejudice.
They say that a man always will buy
where he can buy the cheapest and
that however much a merchant may
bate the Germans after the war. if he
can buy the goods he wants for his use
from Germany at a cheaper rate than
anywhere else he will forget his preju
dices In the interest of his pocketbook.
Thia is a question which each reader
will have to solve for himself. I'er-
aonally. I believe that In England. In
France and In America, too. if the war
should last a long time, the prejudice
against German trickery and brutality
In war will become so great that many
a merchant will prefer to lose a little
money than to deal with German sell
ers. However, the appeal of the pocket-
hook is always so earnest and ao In
sistent that the Germans may be right
In the view that financial considera
tions will weigh down the balance as
against the prejudice cngenedered in
thia struggle.
Political Caaaae Necessary.
And if there comes a chance of gov
ernment In Germany, if the Hohenzol
lerns no longer control, or if in a liber
alized Germany the ministers are re
sponsible to a popular Parliament,
whlla Kings sink to the political posi
tion of the Kings of Great Britain or
of Spain, then the commercial preju
dice certainty will not last long.
The hovcott of Germany for 5ft years
The nations of the allies must reck
on too. with the bitter, bitter hate felt
for them by the whole German people
and only one who has been In Ger
many since the war can realize lta In
tensity.
One great factor In forcing a change
of government will be the desire of the
Individual German after the war to say
that the government of hla country
existing then Is not the government
that ordered the shooting of Edith
Cavell. the enslavement of the women
and girla of Northern France, the de
portation of the Belgian workingmen,
the horrors of the prison camps, the
burning of Louvaln and all the other
countless barbarities and cruelties or
dered by the German military com
manders.
fierssia Will Cast Ota.
Imagine after thia war In some dis
tant Island, perhaps, a Frenchman, an
englishman, an American, a Portu
guese, an Italian all seated at the din
ing table of a little hotel. A German
comes In and seeks to Join them. Will
he be treated on an equality? Will he
be taken into their society? Or will
he he treated as a leper and a pariah?
7 ne Germans will wish to be In
position to say: "Why, gentlemen, I
waa against an tnese cruelties. I was
against the. sinking of the Lusitania
and the murder of ita women and chil
dren. I waa against the starving of
r-oiana ana the slaughter of the Ar
menlans and the crucifixion of prls
oners, and we Germans have thrown
out the government that was responsl
bie for these horrors. '
Stronger than any other considera
tion will be the desire of the German
to repudiate these acts which have
made the Germany of today a Cain
among the nations an outcast branded
with the mark of shame.
m GERMANY RESORTS
TO PAPER CLOTHING
Nation Saved From Nudity by
Makeshift Fabric Public
Lacks Enthusiasm.
MANY SHORTAGES EXIS
Hosiery Famine Most Serious an
Darning Is Becoming Lost Art.
Empire to Great Extent Un
washed, Due to Lack of Soap.
0h
Anyone Can Sell You a
Pair of Shoes, or a
Pound of Sugar. But
to have your eyes properly
fitted with safe, comfortable
glasses requires much study,
skill and experience.
I offer you these together
with a sincere desire to make
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stylish and efficient as it
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people.
Dr. Wheat
207 Morgan BIdg.
Washington -at Broadway
Stateassea Face Bis; Problem.
The Russian author Bloch, whom I
nave quoted, says, referring to the fu
ture war:
"Behind all conflicts of Interest be
tween nations statesmen must balance
the chancea of success of their nation,
promised by the recourse to arms,
against the terrible miseries of the
victims caused by the war as well as
the social peril which can be the con
sequence of war.
They who ask themselves when it
will be possible to propose to the oeo-
ple of any nation after the war a com
pensation for ita enormous sacrifices
forget that the conquered will be so
exhausted that there will be no ques
tion ot Deing able to draw from a con
quered nation the least pecuniary in
demnity.
All that can be Imposed on the con
quered will be the bandonment of some
rags of frontier territory.
'In these conditions, up to what print
can calm be counted on to reign among
toe millions or men called to the colors,
when In their ranks there is not more
than a handful of old officers and when
the command will be In the hands of
those newly promoted from smong the
non-commissioned officers that Is to
say. men belonging to the working
classes;
"Will these workingmen surrender
their srms in the states of Central
Europe where the propaganda has
spread already among the masses?
"Will they alio wthemselves to be dia
armed after the war and could there
not come events more horrible than
those which signalized the rapid tri
umph of the commune of Farls?"
Xatloaa Will Meet la the Markets.
Just aa today it Is not Isolated armies
but whole peoples In arms that Art op
posed, so In the war of commerce after
the war not single producers and ex
porters, corporations or individuals, but
whole nationa will meet In a market
of the world.
Germany haa favored trusts con
trolling prices and unfair competition
and we shsll encounter In buying and
in selling the whole German nation
ranked behind their central buying
company in buying and their kartels
In selling.
Isolated firms and Individuals can
not on our side cope with such an of
fensive, but we are hampered in effec
tiveness by the so-called Sherman law,
a law from which England is free.
The war will produce great and
sudden alterations and President Wil
son, in meeting new problems, has
pursued a progressive course; witness
his support of the Webb law, which
enables our manufacturers to combine
in export trade.
Kvery sign points to a new era In
business an era In which the Govern
ment will permit even encourag
lightened business combinations.
The railroads of the country in the
efficient hands of McAdoo have already
bettered service and the rights of the
savings banks and of other holders of
the securities of ecah road have been
secured.
We must, on the one hand, permit
the abolition of ruinous competition
and on the other safeguard the public
from high prices and the smaller firms
and corporations from the unfair com
petition of a powerful rival.
Great changes are coming In the
social structure of the world. We are
on the threshold of a great readjust
ment.
Whatever else our entrance Into the
war may accomplish, let us hope that
It will have made of us a Nation with
the throb of a single patriotism and
the steady pulse of an energetic effi
ciency that shall not merely seek in
honest ' rivalry to compete with other
nations, but In an enlightened and help
ful way shall strive truly to heal a
wounded civilization in the God-given
days of peace.
(Continued Tomorrow.)
NEGROES RESIST DRAFT I
CFRM1X MONEY FSED I SOUTH.
SATS ISrKCTOR.
Colored Preacher A ceased of Deliver
ing Pre-Haa Seraaeas aad Urg
ing Resistance.
JACKSON. Miss.. April 1. Charges
that German money Is being used
encourage Mississippi negroes to
evade the selective draft are made In
report filed at the Adjutant-General's
office today by F. M. Ethridge. state
nspector of local exemption boards.
The report declares It haa been al
most impossible to get negro regts-
rants to respond to the draft and that
H. Mason, pastor of a negro charge
at Lexington. Miss., known as "The
Church of God in Christ." has been
preaching pro-German sermons and ad
vising negroes to resist the draft.
The inspector's report said the
"Church of God In Christ" has head
quarters in Los Angeles. In August,
last year, a 110.000 brick church was
built at Lexington, for which local
negroes furnished only a small part
of the building fund, the report says,
and also that the pastor, hitherto an
obscure preacher, recently erected a
t-j.000 residence in Memphis.
LOS ANGELES Cai, April 1.
Neither German money nor pro-German
propaganda is being used In the
"Church of God In Christ." It waa said
here today by Rev. E. R, Driver, pastor
of the Los Angeles branch church.
Nebraska Honse Ratifies Prohibition
LINCOLN. Neb.. April 1. The House
of the Nebraska Legislature today
voted In favor of ratifying the National
prohibition amendment. The ratifica
tion measurs now goes to the Senate.
BY CYRIL BROWN.
Copyright. 1918. by the Press Publishing Co.
ruomnn Dy arrangement wim the Av
York World.
STOCKHOLM. March 2. Although no
nonest oerman is reported as forced
to go naked at the commencement of
the 1918 season, there nevertheless is
a shortage of new clothing In Germany.
As In food, so In the matter of
clothing, the army comes first. And
In order to forestall the otherwise by
no means ludicrous possibility of losing
me war Dy Deing forced to fight in
their socks or shirts, the Germany
army has been covered by a providen
War Ministry as to Us clothing re
quirements for many years to come-
for a war of unoverseeable length.
as the Germans quaintly phrase It.
This is made possible only by con
fiscating all stocks of raw materials
semi-finished and finished cloths, shirt
ings, sheetings, linens, cottons and
woolens even rabbit skins in any
way adapted to the use of the army
or convertible for ultimate army wear
on the one hand, and on the other,
throttling down the entire immense
clothing Industry to a minimum of
production except where working in
the military interest, taking care only
to prevent too precipitate wholesale
unemployment.
Cottoa Snpply Exhausted.
The raw material situation is dis
tinctly bad. It Is extremely doubtful
whether there Is a single bale of raw
cotton In all Germany in manufacturers
hands.
The conquered territories have been
combed with military German thor
oughness, and though big hauls were
made, notably in Belgium and the Lodz
manufacturing district in Poland, these
stocks were used up long ago, while
the home needs of the neutrals have
prevented any cotton coming in, with
America's embargo making assurance
doubly sure.
Germany s cotton problem for the bal
ance of the war essentially is one of
making old goods into new. of collect
ing unwearable cotton clothing and put
ting it through the mill again.
Nor Is the wool situation much
brighter. Austria has first whack at
the fleeceable sheep of Hungary and
Serbia, and Germany's own wool pro
duction, added to all the other can-
quered territories can be made to yield.
covers but a fractional part of the
army's requirements alone.
Here, too, the solution can be only
that of manufacturing Shoddy of ever
ncreaslng shoddiness aa the wax
lengthens.
Hllk. Flax, Jute All Gone.
The stocks of raw silks, though last
to go, are exhausted, too.
Despite the fact a well-organized
propaganda succeeded in increasing
Germany's acreage of flax and hemp.
the yield is negligible compared with
Germany's normal linen requirements.
The lack of jute too has become a
worry to the government. It does not
exist today.
That Germany Is in no danger of be
ing threatened by an epidemic of nudity
t some distant future stage of the war
Is entirely due to the sensational turn
in the development of the paper thread
industry, culminating in the technical
triumph of practical woven paper materials.
What started as a seemingly vision
ary emergency experiment nas Deen
perfected into a process or permanent
value.
Thousand of Spindles Busy.
Cotton spinners have evaded closing
down. by adapting their plants to paper
thread and paper yarn spinning, on
which thousands of once idle spindles
are running again.
Cotton goods and jute makers alike
have eagerly gone In for paper weaves
from coarsest to finest qualities. In
the opinion of experts the new industry
still is only on the threshold of its de
velopment.
It Is prophesied that after the war
the production of materials will assume
such proportions that the Importation
of cotton and Juto will be greatly lim
ited, thus helping to restore Germany's
unfavorable trade balance and boost up
the fallen mark exchange.
German manufacturers are even
dreaming of its export possibilities, of
conquering world markets with their
paper fabrics In competition wun ine
cotton goods of Kngiana ana America.
There is no doubt that the new paper
fabric Industry could turn out wearable
substitutes for all necessary articles of
clothing heretofore made of cotton.
wool or linen. The public, however, has
shied at the misnomer "paper clothes,
and the public's prejudice against wear-
ng "paper" has not yet been over
come.
Paper or Nothing W ill Be Worn.
Nevertheless, the time is bound to
come when Germans in large numbers
will be forced to choose between wear
ing paper or nothing.
With the exception of a limited num
ber of luxury articles and certain frills
and furnishings, such as collars and
neckties, not an outer or undergarment,
not a piece of clothing can be bought in
Germany today without a permit Issued
on personal application to the police.
There is a standard war wardrobe for
both men and women. It entitlea a
man to have and to hold, among other
things, four pairs of socks or stockings
and three undershirts four for women
and the same number of underdrawers:
three nightshirts or gowns, three outer-
shirts for men and three blouses for
women: two suits for either sex and
likewise two overcoats or cloaks.
Of the various clothes shortages the
most serious is that of hosiery, which
again la due to the shortage of darning
cotton and thread, coupled with very
Inferior quality. Darning is fast be
coming a lost art among German
women.
Babies Staffer With Rest.
The most Indispensable swaddling
clothes and baby linen are so short that
the charitable and social welfare work
organizations of Frankfort and other
large cities have had to Issue patrlottc
appeals to the better situated mothers
to donate all possible cotton and linen
articles.
The acute soap shortage must be re
garded as a, serious secondary cause of
the lingerie, hosiery and household
linen shortages. There is hardly, a
rake of good, pure laundry soap 'in
Germany today, and the "ersatz" soaps
and Imitation soap powders and nonde
script chemical washing powders that
have flooded the country are ruinous
even to new clothing.
Acute, too. Is the shortage of toilet
soaps. The sensitive nose can measure
thia condition in all crowded public
TSlfilSlB are!
m mmlK "0ar Boys- :
f Soldiers, sailors,
III .4v2JM fejliil? smoking
tO JESi" W Makers of the HighestGrade
O p:''-tTw- m Turkish and Egyptian
CENTS " . r - Tw-J Mt Cigarettes in the World
places. The aroma of the unwashed is
steadily enveloping even those higher
up In the social scale.
There is a very nounsning snoe
shortage, and a "throwing back to
wooden shoes the fashionable foot
gear of the German masses in 1918.
Again the army must come first.
Not less than 15.000,000 pairs of boots
and shoes annually are needed for it.
In the main the war shoe industry
is specializing in turning out shoes of
wooden soles and cloth tops, with nar
row Imitation leather trimmings.
Twenty-five factories are already
able to turn out wooden soles at the
rate of 100,000,000 pairs annually, and
It is estimated that the consumption
of wood in 1918 for this purpose will
tlee-d 100,000 cubic yards.
lhs shoe situation amounts to a rub
ric calamity, aiid municipalities have
had to take emergency measures to
end the unhappy state. Berlin, for in
stance, has set up a municipal shoe
repairing institution, with more than
100 branches. Berllners can get their
shoes repaired with wooden soles and
heels within eight days at the low
price of $1.50 for ladies' and J 1.7 5 for
men s.
(Continued Tomorrow.)
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