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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 5, 1918)
THE 3I0RXTXG OKEGOXIAX, TUESDAY. FEBRUARY. 5. 1918. -3 TEUTON MASSES IN DESPERATE PLIGHT Slow Starvation Is Sapping Strength of People in Central Empires. MORTALITY RATE IS RISING Crate Condition Directly Traceable lo War Are Shown In Report Soon lo He Ixard by C 8. Bareaa of Labor Statistic. Feb. - (Special.) A report sooa to be Issued by the Vnlted Slates Bureau of Labor Stalls tlra will deal wita the food situation la 1T In the countries of the allied cen tral powers tGermany. Austria - Hon wxty, Bularla and Turkey). Thla re port, data for which have b.n obtained from leading newspapers In the coon trie, lee a general reelew of ths lood situation In aach of tn.m. what KMiinrfi the tOT. rnm.nl las adopted In the att.mpt to control tha food ! p plr ar.d to wean aa far aa poaelble It eiult.bl. distribution anions all classes vf th population, and In what aplrll m.M reauUtiona baire been received ar the people. Certnanr la shown to b confronted with a difficult problem, that of main taining; tha proper balance of food aup ptr amonc tha needs of tha army, of srlrullure. of Industry, and of tha ritrllian population. Interesting- In this connection, and significant at onca of tha anilely of tha authorltlea to obtal fata and of the general ahortaao foodstuff, la an announreinent In th t'rlln Lokal-An:r for October 117. that th collecting office i raying each or coup cuhea for frul kernels and melon seed, from which to ettract oil for margarine. Thla pay men! la leap cubes wtich are rated at tha caeh price of S " pfrnnlca (0 cent) per cob la a epeclal favor. In regard to th livestock and mea illation. Hrr von Waldrow. th new t-ecrstarjr of State for th war food bureau, said In a atatcmrnt to presa representatives: reed aet-r laadeaaat. tt la obvious that, besides metin th neds of tha army, wa moat have t'tird to tha malntenanca of agrteul tural production. Hence, befor all. acrtcultural draft animal muit be adequately fed. If. aa Is unfortunately probable, thla Is Incompatible with the provision of sufficient fodder for the fatlenlnc of rein and th maintenance of our present stock of cattle, we must proceed to a systematic reduction of our atock of pics and cattle. Naturally that will have Ita effect on th aupply of meat, milk and fat. In tha case of meat, a temporary Increase In tba ra- t!on would ba followed by a decrease. It wltl be particularly difficult this winter to keep up tha aupply of milk and butter. Inirlnc the past Spring and Summer rnany complaints hava been mada be cause of th Increasing occurrence of th so-called "food excursions. ily this was meant the practice among urban iw.Iers of going out to the rural dls trlcts to secure food Illicitly. Accord Ing to a proclamation Issued by thi commanding General of tha province of Krandenburg: "I'eople now ro out. not tnerelv to buy. but to steal food or take It forcibly; they hava the effrontery to kelp themaelvea to standing field and garden crops, often long befora thes ar rip. Th Injury lo tha farmera and to our future supply Is obvloua. Knhbtng the fields and damaging the rrtp I In wartime a crtrr.. and the atrongest masura must b taken aaainst H.- Th government regulations control ling each of the principal footatuffa meat, potatoes, fata and oils. ess, rotlk. butter, vegetables, fruit, sugar, etc are not always successful from all points of view. This Kali tha govern ment granted varloja bonuses for the speedy dellverv of potatoes. Th ob J"t of hastening the delivery was at tained. The potatoes poured Into the towna at a quit embarrassing rat. In some ptacea rations were doubled: In otnera two or three weeks" rr.lnns were issued In a sin si week. Tb potatoes wer arriving In such quan tities tht the communes cou" not ban- le them. retateea !ll la ran. Nevertheless the Imperial potato of ftc ordered that they b accepted. The conaiuenc was that, for want of rartvg facilities, the railroad cars rouid not be unloaded and stood In the -freight yards Im. Ing traffic. The potatoea deteriorated and had to ba aortd. Potatox-a of the first lat' va rl-My do pot keep well, so people could ttnl atnre them for V'ln'er use. and ).irge quantltlea wer therefor lost to the food supply. Th granting of th bonuses also aroused considerable criticism on the cor of th resultant high pricea to tha coneumer. According to th Let p- yiger olkssettung of September 1 11. th consumer's prlc must cover li basic prtc of production, agent's commission, speed bonus, loading bonus, and possibly a dispatch bonus alto gether about .i or ( marks tll.'l or l per centner I12 pounds). There will still remain cost of freight, carriage and storage, so that tha final prlc may amount to la marks tfi.ll) or more per centner. How tha food orders ar received In se-me instances Is shown by an article in th above-named newspaper oa th occasion of tha Increase In th bread ration which took effect August . 11, JM7- "" "Those entltd to the supply will quickly discover what this new regu lation means to them. Instead of th meat supplement. ro grams 1 pounds) of bread will be supplied till ix-tober 1. That this Is not sufficient compensation need not b pointed out. After tvtober 1 th Id grams of bread will be omitted and potatoes will be surplled Instead. It la Impossible to go on substituting one food for another In th hop of making th consumers t'illeve they ara being thus com pen - aulrO- All rat rrW. Mia. Ftcurea taken from tha same paper lowing tha prices of certain articles of food In August. 1917. aa compared with those prevailing at tb. outbreak of tha war. Indicate that along with th decreas In th food aupply baa gone an enormous rise In food prices. Thes figure show that tha Increases In prices of the principal article axe: Bread. T per cent; wheat flour. 10 per rent: lard. .i per cent: first-quality butter. Ill per cent: condensed milk. : per cent: eggs, J57 per cent; pota toes. J1 per cant, and aalad oil. 740 per cent. In one section of tha report ar shown, aa-far as data on thla point could be obtained, tha average weekly lood rations In It representative towns of Germany for the four weeks ending August . J 1 7. Although food ra tions are generally fixed by the Im perial war food bureau for the whole mplr. la practlc tb rations appor tioned to the civilian population vary greatly from locality to locality and ar dependent oa th actual aupply on band. Aa a atep toward making tha avail able food anfflce to feed tha whole populace, war kitchens bava been but St of the Sl v a population of A person fad at a u!rd to aurrender to tha kitchen a number of food tickets representing tba klnda and amounts of foods furnished him by tha kitchen. These food tickets ara Issued by tha authorities, and entitle th holder to purchaae the articles of food named. In the amounta specified. For meat and potatoes, tlcketa are required In nearly every town, but fat. puis, farinaceous roods and flour are mire often sup plied Irrespective of tickets. The war kitchens In most towns pro vide only midday meal, but where evening meala ara ae -ved allowances are mad from a fund provided by tha King of Bavaria. Thla fund applle to all Germany. raoel Kltrbeaa Popalar. Tba comparative popularity of war kitchens Is a good Index to tha actual condition of tha food supply. It Is In-i tereatlng. therefore, to find a statement In the Munchner Neueata Nachrlchtet of September It. 117. that In aplta the better barveat there 1 U accord Ing to aa off clal Intimation, probabb b an increase In th number of peo pi who us th kitchens tbls yea- a peclally if tb fat shortage should In crease. The question of grading food pricet according to Income has recently been much discussed in the German pr Twnty-on of th larger cltlea. how ever. bava. after Investigation, riven up the Idea because of the technics difficulties oT drawing a Just limit. The fluctuationa of Income within the year, the taxation according to tha prevtoo year's Income, th number t nd age of the children, social obligations all add to th difficulties. Ia Altona l per rent of tha population would belong to the poorer classes, who would bava to be privileged. In Berlin the number with a taxable Income of over tiooo marka (1142) forma only 1 per cent. In Elberfeld S per cent hava a taxable Income of less than it 60 marka 11571.20). In Saarbruekcn 17 per cent earn less than loo marka !714). The limited aupply of food and the wide as of substitutes seem to have bad an affect on the public health. During tha Hummer of 1017 numerous report of the prevalence of dysentery In Germany appeared. An article by Professor Schwalbe states: "Most of the cases must be considered aa a result of war conditions Indigestible or dele tertous foodstuffs, or fruit obtained In a less fresh condition than formerly. However, the general opinion la that the bread, badly milled and badly ukm. is toe cause. Dyaeatery Veer Coeaaaoa. The Berlin Voaslsche Zeltung of Sep- tsmber 7. 101 T. states: "According to current reports last month, one had the Impression that every third person was sutrertng from dysentery. But such was. In reality, not th esse. Th In fectious cases w.r limited to a small number, and qul'e a small percentsge fatal. The article ends, however, with the atatement: The total number of cases of dysentery for ITusrla dur ing the period August & to 11 was 35a. with 130 dealha" The Vorwa.rta for September 5. 1017. states that: "The Spring months of 1017. following the bad winter months, show great Increase In the number of deaths from phthlsts In Berlin. The monthly tables published by the Berlin statistical bureau for the time up to May record for the Spring months. Starch. April and Mar, 600. it; and 664 On all lio deatha from phthisis (In cluding laryngeal phthisis), against 311 and 17 tin all 103: death In the same montha of last year. The deaths from pneumonia also greatly In creased. In the three months 3t3, 3t: and 3.11 deatha tin all loo) were re ported, aa against 70. 103 and 170 (in all ::) last year. From other diseases of th lungs (Including pleurlsv) there died 10(, l:t and 103 'In all 337) per sons, aa against . 57 snd 47 (in all 10) last year. The death roll from the three above-named disease amount ed In tha Spring of 1017 to 1553 against 44 In tha Spring of 11. This In crease can only partly be explained by the Inclemency of the weather." !rtoaa Coadltloa bwra. The above figures, taken from the official report, ahow a starll'ng con dition of affaire. Comparing the mor tality figures for lung diseases for the hree Spring months of 1017 and lOlt. w find that deatha from phthisis ln-1 creased St per cent, from pneumonia tl per cent, from other lung diseases 7 per rent, and from all lung diseases t per rent. Tb observation that these nrreasrs -can only partly be explained by the Inclemency of the weather" is over-conservative. A more plausible xplanatlon la underfeeding and bad food. Much has been made In this country of the difference between eath from actual "starvation" and death from diseases which prove fatal oecaus or underfeeding and Improper feeding. Th dlstlnc len so laboriously mad la without a difference. Deaths hava Increased because food la Insuffi cient. Consumption and other diseases have merely accelerated death from "alow etarvatlon." The Infant mortality r-.te has alao Increased. The Vorwaerta states that "Infant mortality la unusuallr hiarh this year In Berlin. It la true that the ac tual number of deaths is below that of recent years, but thla Is explained br th extraordinary decline In the birth rat. Th proportion of th number of Infant deatha to the number of births is considerably more unfavorable thl year man last.- Thla organ aaya that there may be several causes for this lamentaoia increase In Infant mortality, but It should be Investigated how far ine deterioration In tha oualltv of milk la responsible. "Merchandise ofcJ Merit Only" 9.S jitri- - -r--jyiaan i 1 Leopold Godowsky In His Concert Last Night at The AUDITORIUM Used THE KNABE Piano "The World's Best" EXCLUSIVE DEALERS C'MsuxUrvd.aa of Merit Only" The Musical Floor The Seventh MATURING TOTAL BIG $741,631,653 Securities to Fall Due in Current Year. L0REE ISSUES ESTIMATE Amounts for Canada, Cuba and Mexico Combined With . Figure for Cnltrd States Brine Value Close l'p to Billion Dollars. NEW YORK. Teb. 4. The total value of securities of incorporations operat ing In the United States maturing dur Ing the year 118 amounts to $741,621.- S12. according to a statement by L. F. Ixree. president of the Delaware and Hudson Company, who has createa organization for compiling statistics of this kind- Including the securities of corpora tion In Canada. Cuba and Mexico, the grand, total aggregatea $799,247,282 Utilities led. maturing obligations of that class totaling $2:4. 1S6.6X3. against t:i4.1l.42$ for railroads. $!!::. a. .itv for industrials and $120.$73.971 for municipal Issues. All the railroad securities $53,553. (34. tepresents equipment trust bonds. the greater part of whlcn. Mr. uor-t belleves. will be taken care of through ainklng funds. WASHINGTON. Feb. 4. Virtually providing for control of private financ ing during tha war. the Aaministraiiun e Finance Corporation bill was .in troduced almultaneously today In the (Senate and the House. Financing of war Industries hampered by present conditions la the principal object. The bill would create the Federal War Finance Corporation, with $ '0u. uo.000 capital and power to Issue 1 1 ono aoo ouO In short term notes to afford "financial assistance, either directly or Indirectly, to persons, firms, rrrporatlons and associatlona whose operations are necessary or contribu tory to the prosecution of the war." PATENT SUIT TO BE HEARD Appealed Case of Butte Mlnlnr Com pmny to Be "Retried February 20. SAX FRANCISCO. Feb. (Ar,. ments In a mining suit Involving more than 250.0O0.SOO on alleged lr.t-rf . pf patent rights for extracting mln erala by the Butte at Superior Mining Company will be heard February SO by the United States Circuit Court nr ap peals. It was announced today. The suit vii brouaht h 'tha ! erala Separation Company In the Cntted States District Court at Butte, which warded th concern a verdict or tia. 0.rte. The decision was annealed h the Unite S'inerlor Cnmn... I TRADE SOUTH S. BrI4E!5 WITH LATIX AMER ICA IMPROVES. -experts t NrthCra Earopcaa Neutrals la 11T Cat Dm. Accord lag t Coaasaerce Report. WASHINGTON. Feb. 4. Increased trade with the Latin-American coun tries and decreases In exports to Northern European neutrals were the features of American 1917 foreign com merce as set forth in figures issued today by the bureau of foreign and domestic commerce. Imports from South America In creased from $427,000,000 to $599,000,000 and exports to South America Increased from $2:5.000.000 to $312,000,000. touth America ranked third In sales to th United States, following North Amerl can countries and Asia and taking precedence over Europe, Oceania and Africa In the order named. Europe continued to be the best customer of this country, buying- goodn worth $4. 045.362.029. followed by North America, Asia, South America, Oceania and Africa. Embargo restrictions acted to reduce Denmark's purchases from the United IStates to $32.0U0.000 as compared with $:, 000,000 in 191. Sweden obtained $21,000,000, a decrease of $26,000,000: Norway, $$2,000,000 aa compared with $66,000,000. and Holland, $90,000,000 as compared with $113,000,000. Exports to Greece reached the low figure of $8, 477,000 as against $33,685,000 In 1916. WOOL STOCKS DECREASED Department of Agriculture Reports Drop of 71,000,000 Pounds. WASHINGTON, Feb. 4. Wool stocks in the United States were about 562, 000,000 pounds December 31 last, the Department of Agriculture announced today In Its third quarterly report. That was a decrease of 71.000.000 pounds from stocks September 30, 1917, These stocks were hold by manufac turers and dealers, 262 of which re ported no wool on hand. Grease wool holdings were 329,000.000 pounds, a decrease of 69.000,000 pounds from September 30; scoured. 67,000,000 pounds, a decrease of 7,000,000; pulled, 21.000,000, a decrease of 3.000,000 pounds: tops. 23,000.000, no change noils, 21,000,000, a decrease of 2,000,000. With Spring Just Around the Corner, Here's f I t -a- - . St- a I Jti interesting sale j of New Spring' House Apparel ( 98c $1.19 $1.48 $1.98 $2.95 $3.49 I Apron Dresses, 98c New gingham apron dresses, in slipover style, with pointed yokes and front lacing:, in pink, lavender, blue and gray checks. Percale Aprons $1.19 Plain pink, blue-or lavender and awning striped aprons, made in slipover style, with pointed yokes, square or -round necks; also envelope style. Dresses and Aprons, $1.43 A new dress apron of heavy percale, in light colors and the popular Billy Burke dresses of light-colored percales. Mary Elizabeth Dresses $1.98 New Mary Elizabeth dresses, in plaid ginghams or striped galatea with white collars; also a new gingham envelope dress and new chambray dresses. Combination Dresses, $2.95 Lovely new house dresses of plaid gingham and plain colored chambray combined. They're just as neat and smart as can be! "Miss Sammy" At $3.49 More of those clever plaid gingham dresses, with large fancy pockets, full belts and combina tion sleeves that can be worn long or short. Fourth Floor Lipman, Wolfe & Co. CANNON SHEETS and Pillow Cases SHEETS 63x90 inches... $1 .SO 72x90 inches... $1.60 81x90 inches. . .$1.65 81x99 inches... $1.75 81x108 inches. .$1.85 These are made of the finest quality of long fiber cotton and absolutely free from dressing; the finest sheet on the market at the price. PILLOW CASES Made from tubing of the same fine quality as the sheets. 42x36 inches 37c 45x36 inches 40c Second Floor Lipman, Wolfe & Co. WOMEN'S NEW MOCHA CLOVES $2.75 New Spring arrivals in one and two-clasp styles; full pique sewn with fancy embroidery, in self or con trasting (hades. Gray, beaver, pearl, khaki and butter shades. Main Floor Lipman. Wolfe & Co. COMPANY FEE $2,000,000 Engineers of DuPont Powder Fac tory . Paid for Services. WASHINGTON. Feb. 4. For services in supervising the erection and or ganization of the new Government powder plant at Nashville, Tenn., the DuPont Kngineerlnir Company, a sub sidiary of the DuPont Powder Com pany, will receive a fee of approxi mately fz.ooo.ooo. Secretary Baker announced tonlrzht that a flat payment of 1500.000 will be made the company for preliminary engineering- services and an additional 3 per cent of the construction cost will he paid for executing- the contracts for the construction of buildings and the Installation of machinery nd processes. Pasco Pnplls Patriotic. PASCO. "Wash., Feb. 4. (Special.) The patriotic spirit of the pupils of the Pasco schools Is shown by the sales of thrift stamps to the children dur- In the Great. FEBRUARY SALE OF SILKS BLACK SILKS At $1.39 $1.59 $1.89 The newest black silks for Spring at WONDERFULLY LOW PRICES. Duchess satin, luster satin, satin stripes; grenadine, chiffon taffeta, messalines and all other staple black silks; widths from 35 to 40 inches. An immense variety. Silks for coats, dresses, waists, skirts; silks in all weights, and all are wonderful values! SILK BENGALINEVery Special, $2.19 Navy blue, black, brown, midnight blue. Oriental, Copen and reseda colored bengaline of remarkable quality! , Second Floor Lipman, Wolfe & Co. Sale of HURT Art ware At Savings of Two-Thirds to Three-Quarters More than 200 pieces of handsome art ware, all more or less hurt or shelfworn; some with the slightest of imperfections. mported Bisque Figures, Wedgewood Vases, Ornaments, Clocks, Cut Glass, Bohemian Glass, ' Dresden Figures, Flower and Fruit Baskets, Waste Baskets and Handsome Marble Figures. Regularly 50c to $50 Now Two-Thirds to Three-Fourths Off Sixth Floor Lipman, Wolfe & Co. A MAJESTIC HEATER will give just the right touch of warmth to that cold room, or make the bath a. little more comfortable in the mornings. They are easily carried and adjusted and throw heat out for a distance of eight feet.. Cost of operation about 2c an hour. Priced $7.50 Electric Corner, Alder Street, Main Floor. Pictorial Review Patterns Sold Here-They Are the Best Second Floor Lipman, Wolfe & Co. Ing the month of January. As shown by figures In the report of Superin tendent "W. T. Ricks yeBterday, the Cen tral School has accounted for $136.75 worth of the stamps, while the East Side School has to its credit sales amounting to 8L At the Central School Miss Brockway'a room leads with sales amounting to J57.75 and at the East Side School Miss Pierce's room heads the list with sales amounting to 130.50. GREAT REDUCTIONS ON AFTERNOON AND DANCING Praised By All "All of my customers praise Chamberlain's Cough Remedy," writes Albert Beard, Fowler, III. Try it when you have a cough or cold. SLIPPERS i SATIN AND PATENT PUMPS, $1.80 One hundred pairs of odds and ends of neat, timely made pumps, in patent leather and satin worth more than doubft the sale price go on sale today at $1.80. Mostly small sizes. FANCY BEADED KID PUMPS, $3.80 Women's one-strap slippers and pumps, with beaded vamps, very special at $3.80. . DANCING PUMPS, $4.80 Of silver cloth and dull and bronze kid, plain and with beaded vamps; reduced for this sale to $4.80. SHOE PRICES REDUCED ALSO No Exchanges or Approvals Second Floor. IcUpman&otSe & (2a1 cTMtKxUncW of of Merit Only j Between Times, : - jj Wg j Anytime f H You will find in a beverage that hits the spot, JP Tasty, rich in flavor, with plenty ilB, of body, it stands out as the individual among the various ' ' s )a (brews. , . . r ORDER A CASE NOW jfTTp t Your grocer, cafe or fountain ;- IgaP I j man has it. jr- . I Portland IL i i i i i i i i i I i i j i I j i i I MO