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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 11, 1916)
6 TTTTC arORNTXG OREGONIAX, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 11, 1916. PORTLAND, OK EG OX. Entered at Portland (Oregon) Postoffice as second-class mall matter. Subscription rates Invariably In advance. (By Mail.) Dally, Sunday Included, one year 8S Daily, Sunday included, six months i'o? Daily, fc'unday included, three months. . 2.25 Daily, Sunday included, one month...-. .5 Daily, without Sunday, one year. ....... 6.25 Dally, without Sunday, six months 3.25 Daily, without Sunday, three months... 1.75 Daily, without Sunday, one month. .... .60 "Weekly, one year 1-50 Sunday, one year. .................... . 2.50 Sunday and "Weekly 3.G0 (By Carrier.) Dally, Sunday Included, one year. 9.00 Daily, Sunday Included, one month .75 How to Remit Send postoffice money order, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk. Give postoffice address In full, including county and state. Pontage Rates 12 to 18 pages, 1 cent: IS to 32 pages, z centB; 34 to 48 pages, 8 cents; 60 to GO pages, 4 cents; ($2 to 79 pages, 6 cents; 78 to 82 pages, 0 cents. Foreign postage, double rates. Eastern Business Office Verree A Conk Hn, Brun&wlck building. New Tork; Verree & Conklln, Steger building, Chicago. San .iranctsco representative, R. J. Bldwell, 742 Market street. PORTLAND. MOXDil, SEPT. 11, .1916. THE BATTLE IV MAINE. The first real battle of the political Campaign will be decided in Maine to day. The state will not vote on the Presidency until November 7, but to day It elects two Senators, four Repre sentatives and state officers, and it will thus Indicate its preference be tween the two great parties. Experi ence has shown that as Maine goes In September so It is likely to go in No vember, hence the great effort of both parties for victory today. Interest Is added to the contest by the element of doubt Imparted by the result of the last Presidential election end by the new Issues which have arisen since that event. In 1912, for the first time since 1852, Maine cast its electoral vote for a Democrat, but many voters were cut loose from their ordinary political allegiance by ab normal causes. The Republican vote was divided between Taft and Roose velt, and Taft's championship of Can adian reciprocity turned many Re publicans against him. Those Causes suffice to explain the Democratic vic tory, but it was won by a margin of only 2618 over Roosevelt in a. total vote of 126,153 for the three leading candidates, only 2.07 per cent, while the combined Roosevelt and Taft vote exceeded that for Wilson by 23,927, or 18.96 per cent. In 1914 the presence In the field of the Progressive party alone prevented Republican victory. Comparing the aggregate vote for Representatives In that year with the vote for President In 1912, the Democratic vote grew from 51,118 to 60,683, an Increase of 9570, and the Republican vote from 26,545 to 60,818, an Increase of 33,773, more than doubling and coming with in 365 of the Democratic total, while the Progressive vote vshrank from 48,493 to 17,958, a decrease of 30,535. The inference is plain that, while the transfer of some Progressive votes may help to explain the Democratic gain over 1912, the vast majority went to the Republicans. The aggregate In crease in the Republican and Demo cratic vote combined was 4 3,343, and of this total the Republicans gained 78 per cent and the Democrats 22 per . cent. Applying the same percentages to the Progressive loss, 6717 of it went to the Democrats, and 23,818 to the Republicans. Had the Progressives who stood by the new party divided in the same proportion between the two old parties, 14,008 would have voted for the Republicans and 39 50 for the Democrats, swelling the Repub lican vote to 74,326, and the Demo cratic vote to 64,633. Thus arithmetio applied to the vote in former elec tions Indicates that elimination of the Progressive party should elect the Re publican ticket by a plurality of 9693. The increase in the combined Repub lican and Democratic vote of 1914 ex ceeded the decrease in the Progressive vote by 12,808. The Republican gain exceeded the Republican ratio of the Progressive loss by 9955, while the Democratic gain exceeded the Demo cratic ratio of the Progressive loss by 2853. This may be taken as the pro portion Wi which new voters divided between the two parties. : But the new Issues which have aFisen since 1914 may have interfered seriously with the trend of Maine voters to divide as the election of that year indicated. The principal Issues raised in the campaign are in foreign policy and the National defense, "duty first" by the Republicans, as against "safety first" or "kept us out of war" by the Democrats; and present pros perity es against preparedness for the economic struggle which will follow pea.ce. Which of these two appeals Is most likely to win the Maine voters? On foreign policy they have Bent to Congress some of the most stalwart champions of American rights abroad and of a prptectlve tariff Blaine, Reed, Hale, Frye, Dingley, Boutelle. They have been so firm in their adherence to . the protection policy that they severely punished Taft for what they considered a radical de parture frpm that policy reciprocity with Canada. . The stirring appeals of Mr. Hughes and Colonel Roosevelt to the people to place America and duty first are cal culated to move the native-born, whose forefathers fought In the Revolution ary and Civil wars, more deeply than" the foreign-born. Maine has a higher percentage of native-born people than any other North Atlantic stats except Vermont, hence is the more likely to respond to such appeals than are such states as Massachusetts and New Tork with one-third foreign-born. The superficial view that because pros perity has coincided with the Wilson Administration during the last year, that Administration should be con tinued, is more likely to bo taken by the foreign-born factory workers of the cities than by the native-born farmers, but Maine's population is nearly equally divided between urban and rural, while more than two-thirds of its foreign-born people live in -the towns.' The native-born half, which lives mainly in the country, is more apt to" recall the depression caused by the Underwood tariff before the war brought relief and to look ahead to the consequences of that tariff when peace returns. These are the chief considerations in forecasting Maine's decision in Judg ing whether the people will approve an Administration which boasts of having kept us out of war, without considering how this has been done; whether they will again trust the Dem ocratic party merely because we are now prosperous under Its rule, with out considering the preceding depres sion or the source of that prosperity or the possibility of Its continuance when peace re-opens the floodgates to European imports. , Even the Chinese of the Straits Set tlements, in Farther India, have turned their attention to the growing of rubber, in view of the constantly increasing demand for. this commod ity, associated with the development of the automobile. This has had a marked effect on other Important crops, such as sugar and spices, on the Malay Peninsula, and particularly In the case of spices may have a dis tinct influence on future markets. Cost of production of rubber In the Malay states is estimated, not includ ing interest on Investments, at 25 cents a pound, and It has been said that the rubber output of the world for 1915 was sold at an average of 67 cents a pound, which would Indicate a sub stantial basis for the boom In rubber now pervading the Far East. It Is a remarkable fact that the rubber -production in the East in 1915 "was 54 per cent larger than the entire pro duction of the world In 1906, which with its- possibilities for expansion would indicate that a rubber famine Is still a long way off. TH"E REASONS. - "Two considerations," we are told in an authoritative defense (the latest) of President Wilson's extraordinary and insoluble Mexican policy "two considerations have animated the President In the formulation of his Mexican policy and have compelled his adherence to It throughout- his ad ministration." These are: - 1. The firm conviction that mil nations, both the weak and the powerful, have the inviolable right to control their IntemeU troubles. Including the right to kill without reprisal or accountability all - for eigners, especially grtngoea, residing therein? . .The belief, established upon the hlsw tory of the world, that Mexico will never become a. peaceful and law-abiding nelg-hbor of the 'United -States until she has been permitted to achieve a permanent and baslo settlement of her troubles without outside interference.. Indeed! Then why did the Presi dent Interfere? A- NOTEWORTHY ANNIVERSARY. ' Names of men Inseparably associ ated wtth the life of the community and .with Its moral and spiritual devel opment are' brought to mind by the observance In Portland last week of the fiftieth anniversary of Centenary Methodist Episcopal Church. Living as we do now in : an age free from many of 'the struggles of the early pioneers, it is good for us to remind the younger generation of the things that counted in the earlier day. Such as these were the deep sincerity of purpose and the determination to overcome all obstacles that charac terized the founders of Centenary, as well as other churches that had their beginnings when the community was young. Some of the minor events recorded by J. D. Lee In his interesting his tory of this church are eloquent of endeavor. For example. It is told how Father Royal borrowed $100 to finish the church building, and how the building, when finally dedicated, cost $2037.06. These sums seem pitifully small, as we are prone now to meas ure outward values; yet the old-timers know how much self-denial they rep resent. Money was not as plentiful then as It Is now; but people, perhaps, were as generous in proportion to their means as ever In the history of our country. It Is not, after all, the sum given but the heart that Is put into the gift that makes it perma nently valuable. What Inspiration there was In the example set in those days cannot be measured by a book keeper. We must look for it among the Influences that -doubtless are felt as a direct consequence tc this day. It is interesting, toou to read of the time when Centenary w-as part of a "circuit," for the circuit-rider Is ro mantically associated with an impor tant period in pUmeer life. It is easy to read between the lines the story of mighty endeavors put forth to accom plish seemingly small temporal results. Tet these results were not small, as has been proved. The beginning so made has been mightily productive. Who shall guage by present standards the true value of the work under taken? The personal factor was then, as ever It Is, a mighty Influence. The list of truly distinguished men among Centenary's pastors of the past half century is an impressive one, and it will be noted that Mr. Lee does not fail to give credit to the "moral heroines" as well as the heroes who gave force to the undertaking. For the history of no church would be complete that did not take full account of the part the women played in it. It Is, Indeed, ex tremely doubtful If the churches would have survived except for that. Of the strong men who filled the pulpit, not all were distinguished alike as orators or as organizers; each had his own especial forte, and the church Is the richer for the work of all together. It is one of the Inspiring lessons that form our heritage of the pioneer days. LETT AGITATION CEASE. One of the Republican Senators who voted in favor of the Clarke amend ment to the Philippine government bill, granting the islands complete In dependence at the expiration of four years, was Mr. Borah, of Idaho. When the conference report on the bill came up In the Senate for adoption, after the Clarke amendment had been stricken out by the House, tfr. Borah said he had not changed his opinion, but continued: There was a very full expression of view with reference to the entire question by the American press, and I made it my business to gather as accurately as 1 could the view of the leading newspapers of the United States with reference to our future policy concerning , the Philippines; and' regardless of party or party affiliations upon the part of the press. It was almost wholly In favor of keeping the Philippine Islands permanently. I was not surprised at the Republican press, but 1 was, I must confess, surprised at the almost unanimous view of the Democratic press. What I rise to do now Is to Impress upon the Filipino people the lesson which I gathered, and that they should adjust them selves to the fact that they are a part of the United States and are to remain so permanently. I think It j almost as unfor tunate as -to - keep . the Islands for the United States to be engaged .In an uncer tain policy and occupying an uncertain at titude toward this question and toward these people. I think it unwise to hold out a hope to them which It seems wholly Impossible they- shall ever realize. I believe It bet ter, far better. In view of this settled policy, to say to these people that they are now to come into: a different relationship with us and assume a different attitude of mind. We may conclude, and the people of the Philippines should conclude, that this ques tion has been practically settled for all time to come; and unless it should transpire that the fortunes of war should change the policy, the Filipino people should adjust themselves to a situation which. In my Judgment, has become permanent. Most serious injury has been done to the cause of self-government in the Philippines by the constant agitation in this country in favor of their inde pendence. An impression has been fostered that American supremacy was but temporary, and those Filipinos who would have rallied to the support of the American Officials against the jelfish mestizo politicians, had they believed our rule to be permanent, have been restrained by fear of the consequences to themselves after our ; withdrawal. The bound, healthy, or der-loving, progressive element in the islands has been intimidated Into si lence by the noisy agitators for Inde pendence, while the latter have op posed and thwarted every move of the American officials to promote health, education, agriculture and develop ment and to extirpate slavery. The new law gives the Filipinos complete control of their g Yvernment, subject only to a limited veto by the American Governor and an absolute veto by . the .President. It goes much farther than is thought wise by men who are best qualified to express an opinion; men, too, who have labored arduously to advance the Filipinos in self-government. But let the Filipinos try to rule themselves with a clear understanding that they are to remain permanently under our tutelage and that we will stand between them and any foreign power. The American people will be fortunate If the native rulers do not provoke Internal disorder or the resentment of some foreign na tion, with such grave consequences that the United States will find neces sary a greater measure of control over the domestic affairs of the islands than the new law provides. But they should have a fair chance. In order that they may have it, the discussion of independence should cease. 1XMS OF THE CRUISER MEMPHIS. Descriptions of the phenomenon that resulted In the destruction of the United States cruiser Memphis In the harbor of Santo Domingo on August 29, now Just beginning to reach the United States, recall a striking parallel between the fate of that vessel and the wrecking more than thirty years ago In the harbor of Apia, Samoa, of three American and two German war ships. There Is a still further parallel in the escape in the teeth of the storm of the American gunboat Cas tine from Santo Domingo recently and the similar good fortune of the 'Brit ish eraser Calliope at Apia. Both oc currences were dramatic to the last degree; It appears that the causes were similar. Destruction was - at tributed to "tidal waves," which were believed to have been caused by tropi cal hurricanes. Whether or not a sub marine volcano contributed to the dis turbance at Santo Domingo may never bo known. The season for hurricanes in the West Indies extends from Au gust until some time In November, ac cording to,records of nearly 400 years. It will not do, however, to conclude until all the facts have been brought out that the officers of the Memphis were negligent in keeping up steam for emergencies, after having been warned that a great storm was brew ing, because reports now Indicate that the vessel was ready to sail on short notice and the fact that several of the crew were terribly burned by boiler explosions bears this out. The sea, which had been calm, suddenly be came furious, and two great waves lifted the warship bodily and deposit ed her on a reef two hundred yards from shore. It seems to have been Impossible with any ordinary precau tions to meet the situation. The driving ashore of the American warships, the Vandalia, Trenton and Nipsic, the last-named of which was afterward refloated, and the German vessels, Olga and Eber, March 16, 1889, in Apia harbor was one of the most stirring events in marine annals. The Calliope was also in the harbor, but her captain had maintained steam at high pressure under her boilers and when the storm broke and the other ships dragged their anchors hopelessly. he headed for the open sea, passing within a cable's length of the American vessels as he battled his way out Americans and Germans gave him a mighty cheer, but went to their own destruction. As was true at Santo Domingo, the) sea at Apia was heaved up by a mighty ground swell, which receded and almost immediately re turned, to complete the destruction it had begun. The escape of the Cal liope was due to amazing seamanship and good luck. It seems probable that the parallel will be found to have con tinued in the case of the little Castine, which also successfully fought Its way Into the open while the Memphis was meeting the fate that she could not avoid. A great Samoan hurricane that pre ceded the tidal wave covered a wide area, and the loss of the ships at Apia has generally been attributed to the storm alone. The part that may have been played by volcanoes under the sea or by earthquakes has not been ascertained. Some advances have been made in seismography and meteor ology since then and it Is possible that Investigations of the Santo Do mingo disaster may have the effect of revising theories of how the Vandalia and Trenton, as well as the Olga and the Eber, were lost. PROTECTING AMERICANS. When driven into a corner by those who contrast the failure "to protect Americans In Mexico" with the prom ise so to do, apologists of the Admin istration say these Americans were ex ploiting the Mexican people. They leave the inference to be drawn that "exploiters" are no better than ban dits and have no claim on their Gov ernment for protection, although the Democratic platform of 1912 made no exception of exploiters; it promised protection to "every American citizen residing or having property in any foreign country." The plea that the Americans who were murdered in Mexico were exploiters and had there fore forfeited their right to protection is an afterthought of those who shirked a plain duty and broke an explicit, unqualified promise. But Senator Lodge denies that these Americans were exploiters. In a re cent speech at Lynnfield, Mass., he said: The Americans killed In Mexico were In that country on lawful missions. They were not capitalists, but working men. They are the ones murdered and we have not even had an apology. We cannot even get their names from the State Department. The men who Vere rescued from a Tampico mob by British and German warships after they had been deserted by their own Government, were, many of them, well-drillers, derrick-builders and tank-builders employed by the American' oil companies. They were American workingmen who worked for wages like any logger, miner, bricklayer or carpenter. The men who were massacred at Santa Ysabel were miners and mine-workers. Other men who fell prey to Mexican bloodlust were engineers and conductors on the railroads. Should these men have been abandoned to their fate because they had accepted employment in a foreign country from men and corpor ations which the Administration lumps together without discrimination as ex ploiters? What is an exploiter? Webster says "exploit" means: "To utilise, to make available, to get the value or useful ness out of." Not until later was the invidious meaning given to the word: "To draw illegitimate profit from, to . epeculato on." The Americans, who went to Mexico did "get the value or usefulness out of the oil land, the mines, the ranches which they de veloped. When that has been done in our own country we have considered it a meritorious act. By what process of reasoning does it become a crime when done In Mexico? It may be answered that the men holding concessions in Mexico "draw an Illegitimate profit from them," That is by no means certain. The term "concession" is loosely applied in otter countries to such rights as are ob tained In this country under the min ing, timber and homestead laws, ex ercise of which we consider legitimate and laudable. But it is charged that many concessions were obtained by corrupt bargains with the Diaz gov ernment, giving no adequate return to the Mexican people. If 'this were true; a revolutionary government sup planting those of Diaz, Madero and Huerto could annul these corrupt con tracts and impose new terms which would adequately remunerate the Mexican people. The Mexicans, however, sought re dress by killing not only any of the exploiters they could get their hands on but the innocent employes of the exploiters. If any fraud had been committed in obtaining concessions the men really responsible were safe In the United States; only their em ployes were in Mexico. Do the Dem ocrats really Intend to say that a cor rupt bargain between an American corporation and a former Mexican President Justifies the Mexicans in murdering all the employes of that corporation and exonerates the United States-Government from Its duty to afford them protection? There are penalties for fraud, but they do not include, under the law of any nation pretending to be civilized, either death or torture, much less the massacre of all employes of the guilty party. Senator Fall says that he has verified reports of the killing of 267 Americans In Mexico, and can safely vouch for that number, but that others "who have taken more pains possibly and had better opportunties to obtain the Information place the total at over 600. . Yet no demand for rep aration has been made for any of them." Mr. Fall continued: Even when the Santa Tsabel massacre oc curred, when eihteen Americans were shot down, when their clothes were stripped from them, when they were mutilated wiost hor ribly and I can present to Senators pri vately the report of the surgeons' exam ination of th corpses even then, when the attorneys for the- heirs of those people came here, and the department was asked if an attempt could not -bo made o secure some measure of damage or some repara tion, they were refused any aid or assist ance by this Government. Whenever attention Is called to these dastardly outrages and to the Government's refusal to prevent them or to exact reparation for them the cry goes up that the victims were exploiters and that President Wilson's critics are clamoring for war on their behalf. Neither statement Is true. It is no more true that a demand for protection and reparation involves war than It was true that Roosevelt's de mand for "Perdicaris alive or Ralsull dead" implied that consequence. He proved that firm diplomacy prevents war. In speaking of our "biggest ships," building and about to be built on the Pacific Coast, we should do well to re member that Bath, Me., has set a high mark for us and that we shall need to go some to surpass it. The largest wooden schooner ever built was a Maine product. She was the Wyoming, built at Bath six years ago and still carrying 6000 tons of coal to a cargo. This schooner is 329.5 feet long, 50.1 feet beam and her nominal registry is 3730 tons. There are several others of these mammoth vessels, chiefly six-masters, and all carrying the American flag, and some of them have paid for their cost out of the business they have done since the beginning of 1915. There is no reason why the Pacific Coast should not ultimately attain the Maine record, however, since the material here is of the best and we are fast acquiring the experience that Is necessary to estab lish confidence in ourselves. There Is a recompense for the dye shortage, after ail. Red being the color, according to authorities, that provokes anger, and the wallpaper makers having decided to omit red from their patterns as much as pos sible, there would appear to be no reason why the era of sweetness and light should not dawn with tire coming season. Perhaps the aboriginal has little sense of humor, but when he says the war has raised the price of huckle berries he shows ha is no mean Joker. When half an Inch of rain falls in 10 minutes In Phoenix, Ariz., there is a glimmering hope in another place celebrated for its hot, dry climate. Who can blame the Interned Ger man sailors for raiding a melon patch? There are some temptations which human nature cannot withstand. ' Final proof, if it were needed, that Jacques Lebaudy, the "emperor of Sahara," is insane' Is supplied by his refusal to accept a fortune left to him. The man who always "kicked" be cause the public service corporation did not absorb the 1-cent stamp tax must find another grouch. Those interned German sailors at Norfolk are taking first lessons In citizenship. They raided a melon patch the other day. Japan seems to be developing with out unnecessary delay a pretty com plete Monroe Doctrine of her own; It was a simple act of native hospi tality when Milwaukee asked candi date Hanly to have some beer. Arizona Is like the "periodical" of ante-prohibition days. It has either a feast or a famine of water. Every cloud has its silver lining. The high price of paper threatens the bill posting Industry. Every man who owns one should escort Henry Ford over the highway. These days and nights are leading to the frost on the pumpkin. Little wonder Bend is a "good" town,' with a $100,000 payroll. Dollar thirty-six wheat In the Inland Empire sounds like a dream. The small loaf is a hand-to-mouth proposition, anyway. Good weather Gresham fair. is due for the How to Keep Well. By Dr. W. A, Evans. Questions pertinent to- hygiene, sanitation and prevention of disease. If matters of gen eral Interest, will be answered In this col umn. Where space will not permit or the subject is not suitable, letter will be per sonally answered, subject to proper- limita tions and where stamped addressed envelope Is Inclosed. Dr. Cvina will not make diagnosis or prescribe for Individual diseases Re quests for such services cannot be answered. (Copyright, 1918, by Dr. W. A, Evans. Published by arrangement with the Chicago Tribune.) , BTERCISES FOH CONSTIPATION. FOILOWING are soma exercises for constipation: 1. Place a chalrback toward you and about 30 Inches in front of you. Place the left foot on the seat of the chair and both hands on the top of the back. -Hold the head and body erect. Flex the left knee as much as possible. Straighten it. Re peat three times. Breathe naturally while going through the exercise. Go through the same exercise while stand ing on the left foot and with the right foot on the seat of the chair. Do not slouch down while exercising. 2. Stand with the legs spraddled, the feet about two feet apart. Extend the arms above the head, the palms of the hands toward each other and about two feet apart. Bend the body forward and touch the floor. Return to the upright posture with the hands extended above the head and the shoulders raised. Re peat three times. Keep-the knees stiff when bending forward. TDo most of the bending and straightening with the trunk Joints and muscles. Do not slouch, 3. Sit in a stiff chair or on a stooL Place the hands on the hips. Hold the shoulders square. Throw the elbows back and thaa chest out. The knees are held apart. Bend forward as far as possible, then back. Repeat three times. The spine is not to be held rigid. 4. Stand with the feet two feet apart. Place the hands behind the neck with the palms forward. Throw the elbows back. -Raise the shoulders, throw out the chest, and draw in the abdomen. Rotate to the right, then to the left. Hold the elbows back. Do not turn much on the hips. Twist the backbone. Use the trunk muscles. Repeat three times. ' 6. Lie on the back on" a firm surface such as a table or a couch without springs or much upholstery. The hands are placed behind the neck with the palms forward. The heels are held to gether and the toes turned out. Hold the knees stiff and raise the legs to a vertical position. Return then to the horizontal position. Do this slowly. Breathe naturally. Repeat three times. 6. Stand with the feet two feet apart. Raise the hands above the head as much as possible. Elevate the shoul ders, the palms of the hands facing to ward each other and two feet apart. Bend the body to the right, then to the left. Keep the arms stiff. Do not let them drop or slouch. Repeat three times. 7. Stand with the heels together, the body erect, the shoulders square, the the chest thrown out, and the abdo men drawn In, the hands behind the neck. Flex the right knee as much as possible, as though stepping up on some high object. Return to the floor. Go through the same exercise with the left knee. Repeat many times. The above exercises are dictated by George Neovius and are modifica tions of the Kellgren exercises for the same purpose. ' , At the Battle Creek sanitarium. In addition to other exercises, they use the following: A table surface 18 Inches wide and 6 feet -long is placed with one end on the floor and the other on a block standing one foot above the floor. On the upper end of the board are foot straps. Lie on the board with the feet on the high end and the head on the low end.. Raise the legs to -the vertical position. Repeat. Place the feet in the straps. Raise the head to the upright position. Repeat. May Re Serious. "Subscriber writes: "About seven weeks ago I was struck with a croquet mallet Just below the kneecap on the Inside of the knee, which, despite my hot water applications and rubbing in of liniment a few times, still bothers me. Can you please tell me of some way to take the soreness out of the joint where it seems to be?" REPLY. Ton should see a physician. Seven weeks la long enough to allow such a pain to continue without Investigation. Water on the knee Joint, a possbility. Is not quickly remedied. Such Injuries sometimes result In tuberculosis of the bone or Joint. In any event. Investigate. EewKs. F. G. J. writes: "About two months ago I had an eruption break out on my chest and stomach, which the fam ily doctor said was a form of eczema, and he gave me a lotion to dry it up. I asked him in regard to the cause and means of preventing, but could not get a satisfactory reply. The lo tion dried it up but it has come back several times. Is eczema in its vari ous forms, purely a skin disease, or is there some internal cause? Is any thing more than a lotion to dry It up needed? Have also had a little of this eruption on back of my hands, and during the recent hot spell it broke out on my back. I know of nothing In my diet that would cause It. unless It Is eggs, two or three a day." ' Reply. In a certain sense eczema Is purely a skin disease. Certainly it Is not a blood disease, as some people think. However, change In diet benefits many caves of eczema. Have your physician refer jrou to a skin spe cialist. Some Danger In Typhoid. H. N. writes: "Recently a young man, a nephew of my wife,. came to visit us. He seemed sick at the time of his ar rival and has been getting worse. ,The disorder looks like typhoid fever, and, in the event that the sickness proves to be typholcC I suggested that the young man be sent to the hospital. My wife at once became angry, say ing that there was not the least danger to our three small children, even though the young man did have the sickness named." Reply. It requires some courage, but I am will ing to say that I think you are right. A case of typhoid In a household can be mad safe, but generally the services of a trained nurse are required to Insure safety. The boy's chance of getting well will be better If he goes to a hospital. Hot Weather Rash. Subscriber writes: "In hot weather I am troubled with a very . uncomfort able prickly rash. Jt makes my skin rough, though It does not break through. One-third of a teaspoon of cream of tartar several times a day allays it somewhat, 1. Is " it injuri ous to take so much cream of tartar? 2. Is there anything better to take? 8. Can you recommend treatment or diet? I do not eat meat. Am 65 years of age." Reply. 1. It la 2. Do not take anytmng. :U Dust your skin with a dusting powder. Wear absorbent underwear. Keep as cool as you can. The less vou sweat the less trouble you will have. Drink Water, Freely. C. A. L. writes: "1. When my urine sets 24 hours there is a lot of white ! settlings in the bottom. What is cause? 2. My wife has brick dust in her urine. What is cause?" Reply. 1. If the deposit does not appear until several hours after the urine is voided it can be disregarded, being uf no conseu ujnce. 2. Brick dust deposit in urine which has stood for a while is of no consequence. Mv advice to you both la to drink water freely. CRASB PRAIRIE! SITE DEFENDED Storage Project Declared Lowest Priced In Central Oregon. PORTLAND, Sept. 9. (To the Edi tor.) Of late you have given some at tention to the reservoir site known as Crane Prairie in both the news and editorial columns of The Oregonian. It is reported that a petition is be ing presented to the Interior Depart ment by S. S. Mohler and others asking that the Prairie be opened to home stead entry, and alleging that It la useless as a reservoir site and Its with drawal from public entry is merely a blind; that the real purpose Is for stock grazing, and that officers of the Central Oregon Irrigation Company and the Secretary of State, Ben W. 'Olcott, have cattle grazing on the Prairie. Crane Prairie lies close to the di vide of the Cascade Mountains, about 40 miles southwest of Bend, at an ele vation, of about 4450 feet. While the region is volcanic and losses of stored water may occur, it has been- consid ered practicable as a reservoir site by several experienced irrigation engi neers who have examined both -for the Central Oregon Irrigation Company and the Co-Operative Survey of the United States Reclamation Service and the state of Oregon. It is estimated in the report of the Co-Operative Survey that the dam stor ing water for about 50,000 acres of land will cost $152,000. Our engineers have estimated that a less expensive dam, something under $100,000. would reclaim about 60.000 acres. It Is the lowest priced' storage plan In Central Oregon. Originally Intended to store water for the Benham Falls or south unit lands. It has of late been planned to use Crane Prairie reservoir not only for the south unit lands, which He east and south of Bend and contain about 60,000 acres, but in conjunction with Benham Falls reservoir to reclaim also the west unit lying west of Red mond of about- 20,000 acres, and the nofth unit about 100,000 acres in the Culver, Metollus, Madras country, a total of 170,000 acres. In the Crane Prairie reservoir site approximately 6200 acres are to be covered with water. The Prairie is usually covered with snow, which falls to a great depth from November until June, and frosts occur nearly every night during the Summer months. I have been on tho Prairie in October when two feet of snow fell. A farmer homesteader to live there would have to be a ski or snow shoe artist. When the snow thaws in the Spring a large portion of the 6200 acres to be used for reser voir purposes is covered with about a foot or more of water for a consider able length of time, so that to farm these lands, except for a brief period Of the year, one would need rubber boots n addition to snow shoes. By all processes of reasoning the Prairie is much more valuable for reservoir than for agricultural pur poses. But If never used for reservoir pur poses, it would be better to use it for Summer grazing for stock than for agricultural purposes. It affords ex cellent Summer pasture for about 1000 head of stock cattle and their calves. Settlers in the Deschutes alley, both those with small and those with large holdings, have formed an association and pay the United States Interior De partment the prescribed annual charge for pasturing their stock under the rules of the department. The Stanley Ranch Company, In which Mr. Stanley, president of the Central Oregon Irrigation Company. Is Interested, and the Pilot Butte Ranch Company, In which I understand Mr. Olcott Is Interested, belong to the as sociation, and both' these companies, together with others, have cattle on tho Prairie, all of which is eminently right and proper and which should be encouraged, as the increase and preser vation of the meat supply of this coun try is quite as important as that of other farm products. ROSOOB HOWARD, General Manager Central Oregon Irri gation Company. J The Oregonian has not discussed the merits of the Crane Prairie- contro versy, believing that all the facts should be known before a conclusion is formed. It has contended! however, that failure of Washington officials to grant a hearing Is inexcusable. A pe tition has been on file in Washington nearly a year, requesting permission to submit evidence, at no expense to the Government, that the lands are suitable for agriculture. The people are entitled to know the facts. It Is this refusal. of the officials to permit the question to be heard that has been criticised by The Oregonian. WOMAN'S PARTY IS XOT LOCAL Members Not Concerned With Election of State or City Candidates. PORTLAND, Sept, 9. (To the Edi tor.) Tho group of women who so suc cessfully managed the Oregon Feder ation of Women's Clubs in 1914 are again determined to prevent Oregon women from understanding the wom an's party organization in their state. Their Insistence that its political af filiation is different from theirs seems to be the bone of contention. Their eteam roller methods of getting our federation to stand sponsor for their theories are matters of club history. The bulletin certain self -constituted leaders are sending around to tell the women of Oregon how to vote repre sents nobody and nothing except the view of a few club politicians. They have taken unto themselves by virtue of superior wisdom, which they admit they possess, the right to do the think ing for womanhood, and evidently now they are willing to continue to do so. The organizers of the woman's party branch have not come here to managa Oregon women voters, nor has the in. telligence of our women been belittled. They have one principle to work for enfranchisement of all women In the United States. To accomplish this they are opposing candidates for President. Senators and representatives whose party opposes them. This is their whole platform. With 91 electoral votes from suffrage states out of the 611, women can sway the November election for any party favorable to their Federal amendment- The assertion frequently made by partisan women that it interferes with the election of state or city can didates is wilful, because It has stated its policy repeatedly in the press. The source of funde for the woman's party is open to the fullest Investiga tion. It has to observe the law of the country, which requires the receipt of all money arm its source to be recorded for Federal .investigation when any party is In opposition to other political candidates. The "impertinence" of a few women who have for years dubbed themselves the oracle representing the eentiment of the Oregon women has been a hin drance to the intelligent co-oeratlon we might have enjoyed In the past. Our women are simply asked not to vote for a Democratic President and Con gressmen because the last four years have shown that state rights and their constitution merely mean the defeat ot woman suffrage. MRS. L W. THERKELSON. Life of Samuel Gompera. CHEHAUS, Wash., Sept. 10. (To the Editor.) Kindly give a brief history of Samuel Gompers, the labor leader HENRY MANDL.ES. Mr. Gompers was born in' England in 1850. He is by trade a cigarmaker. He was one of the founders of the Amer ican Federation of Labor and editor of the official magazine. With an inter mission of one year he lias been presi dent of the American Federation of l abor since 1882. Ilia home is Wah intlon, D. C. In Other Days. Fifty Years Ago. From The oregonian, September 11. 1S69. city, appears In the list of gentlemen v no. j vwn reappointed u y me i res ldent as Commissioners for the United States to the Paris Exposition, Among the passengers last evening arriving home were Mr. and Mrs. S. G. Reed. P. C. Schuyler. Jr.. J. C Van Renselaer and wife, and our old friend, everybody's friend, Aaron Bushwiler. The mountains south of the city last evening presented a most magnificent appearance, the woods being on fire. The Portland Gas Light Company tender their thanks' to the Fire De partment for their arduous, continuous and successful efforts In saving their property from destruction on Saturday night and Sunday, and give notice to those who furnished the firemen re fresments to present their bills at the office of tho company. One of our Oregon City friends, a bachelor, by the way, and president of the finest incorporation upon the Coast, the Oregon Manufacturing Company, was Handsomely surprised one evening last week by about 25 young ladles, who paid bis residence a visit, pre pared with their escorts, to spend the evening in social converse. The party was so agreeable that we hope our friend will see the benefits to be de rived by changing from his state of single blessednesa. The noble little steamer of Multno mah Engine Company No. 2 was yet on the wharf at the Gas Works last even ing, where she had continued most of the day yesterday throwing water upon tho still burning ruins of the late fire. Twenty-Five Years Ago. From The Oregonian, September 11. ISSt. Watertown, N. Y., Sept, 10. Ex-Congressman Clark, of Wisconsin, died this morning. The body will be taken to Neah Sunday by the family, who were present at the time of Mr. Clark's death. Grant Mays, brother of United States District. Attorney Mays, is at the Perkins. Mr. Mays' home is in The Dalles. The people of Astoria are very much pleased with the progress made on the Government Jetty. They say the long-talked-of bar is no longer there and that the mouth of tho Columbia can take In the largest vessel that sails the Pacific. Wheat is now coming In from the In land Empire at the rate of about 100 carloads, or 1500 tons, per day. In a week more there will be approximately 125 carloads coming in dally. C. W. Knowles. proprietor of the St, Charles Hotel, received a telegram yes terday from Indianapolis, Ind.. advising him of the death of W. F. Kettenbach. the Lewlston, Idaho, banker. President Osborn. of the Chamber of Commerce, and D. D. Oliphant and John Gill have accepted an invitation to In spect the proposed portage of the Co lumbia Railway & Navigation Company between The Dalles and Celilo. The Grand Lodge, Knights of Pythias, of Oregon, will meet In this city Oc tober 6 and remain In session four days. MOSIEIt GROWERS ARE ORGANIZED Membership Is lOO Per Cent) Surplus Has Been Accumulated. MOSIER, Or.. Sept. 9. (To the Edi tor.) In a recent article in The Ore gonian Professor McPherson. of the Oregon Agricultural College, makes the statement: "Recent investigation has shown that not a single community In Oregon, and I doubt If there Is one in the Northwest, is organized in such a way as to secure the uniform' grading, parking and marketing of fruit." There la no doubt that Professor Mc Pherson in his statement regarding the co-operative associations of the North west as a whole is correct, but we beg to call attention to the fact that the professor undoubtedly overlooked Mos ier. Our being one of the smaller dis tricts as far as production is concerned accounts, no doubt, for his overlooking the fruit growers' association as or ganized and operated at Mosler. Mosler has but one association and does Its selling through one agency, the Northwestern Fruit Exchange, of Seattle. Every man in the fruit busi ness in Mosler belongs to the associa tion. The membership Is 100 per cent. The association has no debts, but on the contrary has a surplus which It car ries in the local bank with which to carry its members for the materials used in caring- for their crops to thn time of sale without charging interest to the members. Its Inspection system is under the control of one man, tho manager. The packers are under the employ of and are paid by the associa tion and are controlled wholly by the manager of the association. The Mosler Fruit Growers' Associa tion has the backing of every member who belongs to it. Its present board of directors and manager have been re elected at each annual election for the past five years. The operation and books of the, association are at all times open to investigation by the membership simply on request. The surplus fund which the associa tion has accumulated to purchase ma terials and care for the membership has been raised from cash discount and good management. No assessment has ever been levied upon the growers' products to make this fund. The wonderful success of the Mosler Fruit Growers' Association as' a co operative Institution Is due to the hearty support given by the members to the board of directors, Amos Root. Leo Evans, J. M. Carroll, Dr. C A. Maerum and C. A, McCargar and tho manager, R. D. Chattield. ROGER W. MOE. Birthplace of Alexander Hamilton. PORTLAND. Sept. 9. (To the Edi tor.) Does the proposed cession of the Danish West Indies Include the Island of Nevis, the birthplace of Alexander Hamilton? If such is the fact, it is a matter of some historical importance that the Government, which owe3 so much to his genius, should eventually extend its borders so as to include the place of his birth. Born abroad, unaf fected by the Jealousies of the States, legislating broadly and not provlneially, recognizing the necessity of a strong central government, he aimed to inject a healthy nationalism into the Republic and succeeded. He was opposed in his policies but he has been vindicated by time. J. B. OFNER. Nevis is one of the Leeward islands, not the Danish West Indies. The Lee ward Islands belong to Great Britarn: consequently their status will not be af fected by the pending treaty with Den mark. Nevis was discovered by Co lumbus In 149S, but colonized by the British in 1628 and ever since has beoti a British possession. Kecnrtliuar Divorce In Oregon. HOVER, Wash., Sept. 9. (To the Edi tor.) (1) How long does one have to live in Oregon before he can get a di vorce? (2) How long does one have to wait after getting the divorce before he can marry again? D. M. BOUGARD. (1) I lesidencp of one year is re quired before suit can be filed. (2) M:ir j :4' contracted within six months of the dale o the decree would be void.