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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 3, 1916)
3 THE 3IORXING ' OKEGOXIAN, MONDAY, JULY 3, 191G. ITALY IS EXERTING ITS UTMOST EFFORT Ambassador Page Says No Nation Is Doing More in Proportion to Strength. VITAL INTEREST AT STAKE XxseB and Sufferings Met With Fortitude; Diplomat Surprised That Any Other Impression Should Gain Currency. TJEW YORK. July 2. Thomas Nelson Page, American Ambassador to Italy, ailed on the steamship St. Paul yester day to return to his post. He said, on his departure, to an Associated Press representative: "In reply to your question, which in dicates what I have so often remarked, the want of general information' in America as to the part which Italy has taken in the struggle on the side of the allies, I would say that nothing: has surprised me more than the idea to which you refer that Italy has taken a less active part than the other mem bers of this alliance in the serious op erations of the war. "It is not for me to discuss either the policies or the parts that different members of the alliance on either side have played in this terrible contest, but certainly I can correct an impression as erroneous as that which I find quite general in this country as to the point you mention, for the facta are no secret among those who have had opportuni ties for knowing them. Efforts Proportionate to Strength. "I may not give my own opinion on policies, but itis certain that the Ital ian statesmen felt that the vital inter est of Italy demanded that she should at whatever cost of blood and treasure, take her stand with the allies, and that on this depended not only her present but her future. It is also the convic tion of all who have had the opportu nity for observation that no country has put forth greater efforts in proportion to her strength than Italy, or has met the losses and borne the sufferings which the war has caused with greater fortitude. "A glance at the map and even a iittle knowledge of the history of the rela tions between Italy and her chief op ponent will show the extraordinary dif ficulties which Italy has to surmount to make even the least advance in the mountain region in which Austria fixed the boundaries between them when she turned Venice over to France after the battle of Sadowa. No more difficult region to penetrate exists along any front. Ration Doing Its Utmost. "Of one thing you may be certain. Italy, like every other country in the war, feels her vital interest one might say her very life to be at stake, and is putting forth every effort that she is capable of in the fight. Of her cour age and her endurance and fortitude there can be no question if one con siders the history of Resorginmento, than which there is no more glorious page insthe history of the world. "It is not only the men, but the wom en of Italy, also, who are doing their utmost. There is 'not a woman in Italy, so far as I know, of high or low de gree, who is not doing her part for Italy. I do not believe that there is a palace in Rome which is not now used in some way in this work of mercy, and as the King of Italy is at the head of his armie in the field, so his gra cious Queen leads in every good work of relief and mercy, and with her, en gaged in the same work, is the Queen Mother. "Natvrally, the American ladies have been glad to render what aid they could in assisting in this work of mercy and we have an excellent organization in Rome known as the American Relief Clearing House for Italy, a branch of the international organization which receives and distributes any and all supplies which may be sent." GERMAN LINE IS IN PERIL (Continued From First Page.) OFFICIAL WAR REPORTS British. LONDON, July 2. British general headquarters tonight reports as follows: "Heavy fighting has taken place to day in the area between the Ancre and the Homme, especially about Fricourt and La Boiselle. "Fricourt was captured by our troops about 2 P. M.. and remains in our hands, and some progress has been made east of the village. "In the neighborhood of. La Boiselle the enemy is offering stubborn resist ance, but our troops are making satis factory progress. A considerable quan tity of war material has fallen into our hands, but details are not available." Italian. reconstructed. The French had crossed, first, the Somme Canal, then the Somme Kiver, and held a line approximately to Albert. It was then, with lines pre pared, that the British bombardment began. The French meanwhile were bombarding the German lines with equal intensity, but, as the shelling had been steady for nine months, it was not so noticeable and did not at tract attention. The French were th-us able to prepare their part in the offen sive in secret. Defenders Are Swept Back. At the prescribed hour of 7:30 yester day the troops surged out of the trenches and over ground torn by shells into the first line of German trenches, or, rather, into the shallow furrow that was left of the trenches. The Germans were unable to stand against the elan of the French, who pushed rapidly forward until they pen etrated ttree miles into the German lines. In their advance the French are tak ing the deep curves of the Somme River and the low-lying marshy ground along the river. The greatest obstacle, they mei was xne marsnes or i rise, wnioh they overcame by pushing around on both sides and taking the position in the rear. a. The advance so far achieved pnts the whole German line south to Soi&sons in danger, as the French are now well behind that part of the 'German line, nd a little more advance will pave ROME, July 2. The text of today's official statement by the Italian "War Office is: - "Between the Adlge and the Brenta we are continuing our offensive vig orously. In the Vallarsa our infantry has begun an attack on the lines strongly held by the enemy between Zugna Totya and Fopplano. "Our artillery is shelling Fort Posz zacchlo. "On the Pasublo the enemy Is offer ing stubborn resistance from his forti fied positions between Monte Spll and Cosmagnon. "Along the Poslna-Astlco lines we are completing the conquest of Monte Majo and have occupied the southern side of Monte Zlugglo. "In the trenches north of Pedescala we attacked and drove out the enemy, who left behind his arms and ammuni tion. "On the Asiago Pateau we had skirmishes with detachments of the enemy on the northern side of the Assa "Valley. "In the sector between Selz and Monfalcone we brilliantly carried some more trenches and took 196 prisoners. A counter attack was repulsed with great enemy losses. "Enemy aircraft dropped bombs on Marestica, and on various places in lower Isonzo region. No one was killed. Slight damage was done." Sunday's War Moves. ALL through Saturday night the great British, and French offen sive, which began Saturday morning, continued with'intensity and there was no diminution in the battle on Sunday. Both British and French war offices report a steady advance at certain points, but speak also of formidable German resistance. Fricourt, an important town three miles east of Albert, has fallen to the British arms, while the French have taken Curlu, which lies to the south east. The fighting at the southern end of the British line, where it is in con tact with the French, is of the fiercest nature, tremendous artillery activity preceding all infantry attacks. The French have taken about 6000 prisoners, according to the latest esti mates, while the British, though re porting the capture of 3500. later de clared that the estimates were too low. Owing to the nature of the battle it is not doubted that the casualties arc ex ceedingly high. 50 SQUARE MILES TAKEN BY ALLIES Nowithstandfrng the terrific offensive against them in the Somme River re gion, the Germans have not ceased in their efforts around Verdun. They have bombarded several of the "Verdun sec tors and have launched infantry at tacks against the French . trenches. While Berlin declares that the French attacks against the famous Thiaumont w.ork were repulsed by curtains of fire, the French War Office announces that this strategic position has been recaptured. In connection with the operation now going on. aerial activity was marked. Berlin reports that three British and three French machines were brought down within the German lines and that four others also were shot down. Th British admit that three of their ma chines are missing. Additional success is recorded by Petrograd, the official communication announcing that Austrian positions west of Kolomea, in Galicia, have been taken by storm with the capture of 2000 prisoners. The Auatro-Germans in Volhynia are making desperate counter-attacks.- the Soissons position a sharp salient in their line. Meanwhile the allies' pressure con tinues along the whole front from the sea to Verdun. The extent of the Brit ish attack is steadily extending, while the French pressure is particularly strong between Soissons and tlhelms and is putting the Germans at Soissons in greater danger from hour to hour. A noteworthy event of yesterday was the French attack at Verdun, retaking Fort Thiaumont, while the dazed Crown Prince was unable to decide whether to attempt to continue the Verdun bar tie or to rush troops to the aid of bis comrades in the north. But the French are thoroughly aware of what they are doing. They harried ihe Crown Priv.ce out of Fort Thiaumont, allowing him no chance to succor the northern armies. Thus there was a simultaneous French offensive at two widely sepa rated points on their lines. Double Drive Turned Loose. After coming slowly back to the last line of the Verdun defenses, while Paris waited anxiously for each fresh communique, the French turned loose a great drive in the north and at the same time, starting from a toe-holi at Verdun, surged forward there with in domitable valor and hurled back the forces of the Crown Prince. Paris today, with anxiety suddenly relieved, is almost a city of .'ete. Yes terday, while the news of the offensive was published both in England and America, France was kept absolutely in the dark, but today, with victory crowning a day of brilliant fighting by England and France, Paris has been told and, relieved of anxiety, walTs in pleased content. RABBIS URGE PENSIONS MILLION DOLLAR FUND ADVOCATED BEFORE CONFERENCE. ALLIES RUSHING Oil British Take Fricourt, French Add to Prisoners Captured. STUBBORN DEFENSE MADE Destruction by Artillery of German First-Line Trenches Complete. The Struggle Is Intense and Complicated. (Continued From First Page.) Religions "Week-Day Instruction by Church Schools 'Advocated by Investigating Commission. WILDWOOD, N. J., July 2. A pen sion fund of at least $1,000,000 for the protection and support of superan nuated rabbis and other religious workers was advocated by the commis sion of pensions in a report filed to day at the first business session here of the Central Conference of American Rabbis. The report from the commission on religious and ethical instruction in reg ular schools submitted by Rabbi Wool sey, of Cleveland, was considered at the evening session. The committee was 'appointed last year to study the problem presented by Christian clergy men and organizations in the effort to introduce Bible study and religious instruction in the public schools of the country. The committee includes Rabbi Johan B. Wise, of Portland, Or. The majority of the committee, it was announced, favored the lntroauc tion of the so-called Gary plan be cause it "countenanced no aliance be tween church and state" and would provide an opportunity "to drive out every semblance of religion which has crept into the halls of the public schools. ' "With religion taught in our church schools during the week," the report said, "the last excuse has been re moved' for attempting to drag religion into our public schools. Religious week-day instruction in church sAoola is the most effective way of bring ing about an absolute divorcement be tween church and state in the public schools." Region of War's Supreme Con test Is Favorable for Mil . itary Movements. NINE VILLAGES CAPTURED HI SS;j a a ii p?f5 UMt5 L; " "l''-:S 3 HE NAME Hotel Nortonia stands for quality service comfort convenience. These are the achieve ment of a consistent and conscientious en deavor to give quiet expres sion to that perfection of detail which makes one comfortable ev"ery moment of one's stap. It is that rare HOMELIKE "feel that every on loves tJhicK sur rounds you. Rooms without bath $1.00 or mora with bath $i.5o per day upwards, nth off Washi ngton Portland . WAGE DEMAND REFUSED BHSSOURI PACIFIC WILL NOT ARBITRATE WITH EMPLOYES. Ten Per Cent Addition to Pay Asked by 12,000 Men on Maintenance of Way Department. . i. T ST. LOUIS. July 2. The Missouri Pa cific Railway yesterday refused to. grant any of the demands submitted by the brotherhood of maintenance of way employes, or to arbitrate the matter. Secretary of Labor Wilson was asked by union officials to send two Commis sioners to St. Louis to mediate. J. A, Petree, of Winston-Salem, N. C, representative of the brotherhood, said the men asked a 10 per cent wage in crease for practically all the 12,000 employes of the maintenance of way department. , J. F. Murphy, general manager of the railroad, said that the brotherhood rep resented but 10 per cent of the main tenance of way employes. He said that four other unions of maintenance of .way employes had demanded new con tracts. ' The Missouri Pacific employes who belong to the brotherhood do not work for the Missouri Pacific proper, but for the St. Louiii. Iron Mountain & Southern, which is a part of the Missouri Pacific system. .y that some British wounded may al ready be in London. Prisoners are being brought in in groups as they are gathered from the dugouts not destroyed by artillery fire. The destruction of six German sausage-shaped observation balloons by British airmen early in the week evi dently was a serious loss, as none has been replaced. It was noticeable that British aeroplanes greatly, outnum bered the German machines. The German official report general ly confirms the success of the first day's British operations, admitting the withdrawal of the Germans from their first-line trenches. Brttona Quietly Enthusiastic. The British public still displays the same quiet, enthusiasm, determination and confidence, fully understanding that no great drive like that carried out by the Russian commander. Gen eral Brussiloff, is possible against the depth, strength and formidably organ ized German front without great sac rifices and possible setbacks which must be prepared for. Many regrets are heard that Lord Kitchener had not lived to see the re sults of his work. This U the first great battle in which the military legions he created are being put to the test. Kitchener's armies have virtually replaced the first small expeditionary force sent out under Field Marshal French, which had to sustain the earlier battles of the war. It is also tho first time that a great offensive has been carried out under well organized, co ordinated allied strategy, not on the western front alone, but over the whole field of operations, and it is felt that the allied commanders have no inten tion to risk reckless sacrifices of life for a mere spectacular advance. One correspondent write: "There Is no longer any attempt to pierce as with a knife, but a slow, continuous, method ical push, leading to the day when the enemy's resistance-will crumble at some points. . BERLIN ADMITS RETIREMENT Divisions Declared .Withdrawn to Prepare Positions. BERLIN, via London, July 2. In the great Anglo-French offensive began yesterday along a front of 25 milfs to the north and south of the River Somme, the German official statement issued today says the entente allied troops were successful in penetrating the Geran first line trenches at several points. The German division defending these trenches, it is added, had to be with drawn to other prepared positions. From Gommecourt to La Boiselle, the communication says, the British and French sustained heavy losses and ob tained no advantage worth mentioning. GERMANS EAGER AT VERDUN Furious Attacks Inspired by Pres sure Elsewhere on Line. PARIS, July 2. The eagerness of the Germans to finish their task at Verdun is shown by the furious attacks de livered and the immediate risks taken by them during the past 48 hours. These attacks culminated in the re capture of the Thiaumont work, north east of Verdun. It was, however, only a momentary gain for the Germans, as the trench soon retook the fortified work, which has changed hands several times and it now is in French hands. French participation in the- English offensive elsewhere on the long front was announced officially last night. The French gains in the first combats were highly gratifying. The effect of this offensive move on the eituation at Verdun Is being awaited eagerly. The desire of the Germans for a decisive result at Verdun is attributed to the pressure on the entire front from Tpres to the Argonne. which Is con stantly growing stronger. Speed of Advance Shows Perfection of Artillery Preparations Ex ceeding Anything Vet Done Against Field Works. PARIS, July 2. The battle of the Somme, now in full progress, marks the opening of the Franco-British of fensive, long expected as a 'critical. If not the decisive, stage of the war. Early reports today show that the entente allied forces are sweeping for ward along a 25-mile front. The French already have taken more than 6000 prisoners"; while the allied lines have enveloped within the last 24 hours nine villages and 60 square miles of French territory held until now by the Ger mans. The theater of operations for the British forces runs between Gomme court, north of tke River Ancre, to a point Just north of th Somme, while the French attacked on both sides of the Somme and southward .toward Roy. Battlefield Is Level Plateau. Thus entente allied armies present a front of 25 miles, with the British on the left for 15 miles and the French on the right) for 10 miles. - The region of this supreme contest is one favorable for military opera tions. It virtually is all within the Department of the Somme, which is a level plateau of chalky formation. The fighting lines extend between a great number of small villages which are usually devoted to textile Indus tries, while the outlying agricultural sections are level fields, chiefly devoted to beet culture for the extensive sugar production of France. The Intense bombardment of the last four days was the signal for an ad vance over these levl fields, beginning at 7:30 o'clock yesterday morning. The entente allies' artillery then lengthened the range so as to shut off all commu nication between the first German line and the German reserve in the rear. Allies Plans Misinterpreted. This made it impossible for the Teutons to utilize their perfect organi zation for the shifting of troops and for the bringing up of reinforcements. It is thought by French military ob servers that the Germans miscalculated the intentions of the entente allies and expected the attacks farther to the north. The villages which the French cap tured In the first sweep include Dom plerre, Becquincourt. Bussus and Fay, and these and the towns taken by the British Montauban and Maraetz were all found to have been strongly forti fied by the Germans. The entente allies, profiting from their experience in the war, quickly threw up strong earthworks around the villages thus taken, in order to protect them against counter attacks. It was not before night, however, that the Germans were able to deliver any counter attack. This was centered against the French position on the out skirts of Hardecourt, and it was re pulsed with heavy losses, ending in a precipitate rout. Throughout last night the 1'rench continued their drive, cap turing the village of Curlu, part of which they already occupied, and progressing south of the Somme be tween Hardecourt and Arssevlllers. Ground Strategically Important. In addition to the military successes the terrain overrun by the entente allies' troops has an exceptional strate gic importance. Four of the towns captured by the French are only seven miles west of Peronne, the chief rail highway from the German center at Cologne to the Herman irot in tne region f Noyon and Soissons. The German headquarters is at St. Quentln, 25 miles southeast of Peronne. Already the French forces threaten Peronne. with the evident purpose of cutting the trunk railway there, which is an indispensable artery for German military reinforcements. The speed of the advance of the entente allied troops is taken as show ing that the perfection of artillery preparations exceeded anything yet in the destruction of field works. h 4 LlJ b Take a Camera With You Tomorrow. We Rent Them for 25c a Day ' Picnic Beverages 1 Geo. Washington Cofree for July 4th, or any other day. A teaspoonful to cup of hot water for a delicious cup of cansfat!.e'.35c,55s&90c VacuumQeaner Ijlltl-Xt. jl LI' 3-S, HIITPfllXT WKKK This New, Ail-Steel R9 ELECTRIC CLEARER AT I Q Crt I N T K VOICTORY PRICES OK V ' wiww Demonstration in Electrical Dept. See Our Alder-Street Hetpolnt Wladew. Sold on Monthly-Payment Plan If Desired. THE! SiA!lE "HOTPOIXT" ON THE CLEANER IS ALL THE GUAR ANTEE lOU SEED. - REMEMBER. THIS W EEK. ONLY. Grape Juice, Church's, Welch's A r m o u r's. Red Wing. 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The concrete-sheltered machine guns that had stopped the French In Artois and in the Champagne had. all been demolished here, and It was chiefly man against man with rifles and bay onets, at which style of fighting, the officers say, the French and British both showed superiority, rushing over the' ground with such rapidity that In an hour and a half from the moment the first order was given the German first line had been carried over the longest part of the 25-mile front. Verdun. Part of Vast Plan. . Desperate fighting continues around Verdun, and although this field of ac tion is separated by nearly 100 miles from the fighting in the north, Verdun is considered part of the vast military plan now unfolding. The French now have taken the ag greslve at Verdun, today's report showing an attack on Dead Man Hill, with heavy German losses and the taking of prisoners by the French. The French are thus keeping the Ger mans fully occupied at Verdun, and are preventing them from sending rein forcements to relieve their weakened line in the north. On the other hand, the Germans pride themselves on being able finally to take Verdun, and are concentrating their chief effort In the south. A correspondent at the front. In de scribing the capture of Dompierre, says the soldiers of one corps, taking ex ample from their commander, went into battle covered with flowers. "That." said a General, pointing to a carnation in his buttonhole, "will fade yonder where the Germans are now." Regiment Covered With Glory. The correspondent continues: "Two regiments covered , themselves with glory In the fight for Dompierre, which had been transformed by the Germans Into a veritable fortress. In the face of a fire from the machine guns that had survived the bombardment Intact, they rushed the positions with such impetuosity that the gunners were cap tured before they had time to put their quick-firers into action. "In the streets of the ruined village there was ferocious hand-to-hand fighting. Of the German garrison de fending the town not one got away. When It was over 140 bodies lay on the ground. The survivors were pris oners. "The battle flag of one regiment, riddled with bullets, was carried into the village at the head of the first company. "Two Scotch regiments In the region north, of the Somme went over three lines of German trenches without a halt, stopping only Inside the village of Montauban, where they put several hundred Germans to the bnyonet and took prisoner the entire staff of a regiment." NEW GROUND TAKEN Russians Storm Austrian Posi tions in Galicia. VIENNA ISSUES DENIALS Petrograd's Estimates of Prisoners Declared Gross Exaggerations. Total Loss Is Placed at 12 to 20 Per Cent. "PETROGRAD, via London, July 2. General Letchitsky's army, after in tense fighting, has taken by storm the Austrian positions in the region west of Kolomea in Galicia. sajs the Russian official statement Issued tonight. The statement adds that up to the present 2000 prisoners have been taken In this sector. VIENNA, via Berlin to London. July t. A statement issued today by war press headquarters denied Russian al legations regarding the number of prisoners taken, etc, and deals espe cially with the Russian report of June 27, which announced that more than 194.000 men had been captured, to gether with 218 guns and 664 machine guns. The statement says now It has been possible to establish details which could not be verified during the first days of the Russian offensive. In mod era warfare. It Is pointed out, losses of mora than 25 per cent are In nowise uncommon, but it Is declared, that the Austrian troops lost at the most from 12 to 20 per cent dead, wounded and prisoners, showing that there was no need for Austrian uneasiness. "If we had actually lost 200.000 pris oners," says the statement, "It would mean, with the addition of commen surate quota of dead and wounded, that we would not have a single soldier left either in Volhynia or on the Dneister. Thirty-six guns of modern pattern fell Into the hands of the enemy. They had been blown up or otherwise destroyed. The number of bullt-ln guns of old pat tern abandoned to the Russians is only greater by a few." The statement says the alleged num ber of machine guns is high "even for Russian reports." The number of such sruns which hud been delivered to Aus trian troops in substitution for guns lost oai used up. it is asserted, was not one-sixth of the number which the Russians have reported taking. MEXICO BLOCKADE LIKELY Reports Ont Tliat Warships Soon Will Close All Carranza's Ports. NEW YORK. June 25. A Washing ton dispatch to the World says: From confidential sources It is learned that the Administration con templates a blockade of every Mexican port on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts within the next few days. This step will be taken to prevent arms, ammunition and other war sup plies from reaching Mexican forces In the event that Carranza falls to yield completely to the United States and continues making threats and warlike demonstrations. With the border closed tightly against all shipments of war material into Mexico and the ports blockaded, the de facto government would be com pletely shut off from every source of supply, except thorugh Guatemala, and It Is not believed that the government of that country would furnish arms to Carransa. Parish to Have Picnic. St. Clare's parish will have a Fourth of July picnic and celebration on the church grounds at Capitol Hill. 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