Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 5, 1916)
TIIE MORNING OREGONIAN. WEDNESDAY, APRIIi 5, 101G. 10 . l'OHTLASD, OREGON. Entered ct Portland (Oregon) Fostoffice as seeond-clasa mail matter. Subscription Rates Invariably In advance: (By Mall.) JPaily, Sunday Included, one year 5 o" Daily, Sunday Included, six months f-i raliy, Sunday included, three months ... l raily, Pui.ilty included, one month ' .Daily, withcut Sunday, one year - Daily, without Sunday, six months ...... iJiiilv, without Sunday, three months .... - Daily, without Sunday, one month i-n "Weekly, one year o'-n Sunday, one year 2, n tsunday and Weekly, one year (By Carrier.) X)a!'v, Sunday Included, one year. .- Kaily, Sunday Included, one month " How to llemit Send postoffice money or der, express order or personal check on your lo al tciik. Stamps, coin or currency are at sender's risk, dive postoffice addresses in full. IncJudinr county and state. Postage Katea 12 to 18 pages. 1 cent: 18 to pages, a cents; 34 to 48 pages. cents 60 to 00 pages, 4 cents; 6 to 7 Pl o cents: 7S to 02 cages, 6 cents. foreign postage, double rates, Eastern Business Office Verree & Conk in. Brunswick building. New York; Verree & Conklln. Steger building, Chicago. ban .Francisco representative. It. J. BIdwell, 1i Market street. Statement of the ownership, management, circulation, etc.. of Morning Oregonian, published daily, eicept hiinday, at land, Oregon, required by the act oi August 24, 11112: Publisher. H. U Pillock. Fortland Or. Editor. Edgar B. Piper. Portland. Or. Busi ness manager, C A. Morden, Portland, Or. Owner, Oregonian Publishing Company. Incorporated. Xames and addresses ot stock holders holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of stock: II. L. Plttock, Portland, Or.: Margaret X. Scott, Portland, Or. Known bondholders, mortgagees and other security holders, holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages or other securities. None. Average number of copies of each issue of this publication sold or distributed through the mails or otherwise, to paid subscribers during the bIx months preceding the date ot this statement, 04.001. H. l-i. PITTOCK, Publisher. Sworn to and subscribed before me this Jd day of April. 1916. (Seal) W. E. HARTMUS. Notary Public. (My commission expires May 25, 1!)19.) romXAND, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 5, 1916. MUST HOf.LAKD SOON DECIDE? By concentrating troops on the Ger-, man frontier Holland shows fear that violation of Dutch neutrality by Ger many is imminent. ' By massing troops on the coast the little kingdom shows fear of a British invasion. In fact, Holland is between the devil and the deep sea and best safeguards its neu- -j i c 4-a mncf TrkWtrf 11 1 neighbors by showing readiness with a considerable army to join whichever a a., . . . . Ua i.icrVlt3 nfminfit UL L.JC IWU ICOJci-w ' 3 n the one which violates them. Until recently neither Teuton nor entente alliance has cared to risk driving Holland into the arms of the other by any move which might arouse Dutch enmity. Dutch neu trality served German interests, for it blocked the river Scheldt against Brit ' ish relief to Antwerp when that city was hesiesred and now guards it against attack from the sea. It also protects the German flank from al lied attack at a point where otherwise the great coal, iron and manufactur ing province of Westphalia would have been laid open by Holland's en trance into the war. During the early period of hostilities it gave Germany an open road to the sea through the neutral lower Rhine. On the other hand, sij long as Holland remains neu. tral. Germany cannot use the Scheldt as a base for submarine warfare. Flushing, near its mouth, being little more than 100 miles from London The value of the Rhine as a neutral entrance to Germany has been nulli fied bv the allies' success in limiting; imports to neutral countries to their own needs. But the allies have viewed with ira patience Holland's persistence in hold ing aloof from the war. Some Brit ish writers have not hesitated to threaten the Dutch with loss of their colonies, which with their merchant marine and the Rhine traffic with Germany are the main sources of their wealth, as a penalty for not joining the allies, while others offer East Frisia as a reward. But Holland is Nonly confirmed in its aloofness by threats and desires no German terri torv, for it is a self-contained, indi vidualist people, 'which desires no in flux of Germans with their paternalist ideas. It is as decidedly not pro British; it is just plain Dutch, and so is determined to remain. Circumstances' have changed the views of the belligerents regarding Holland since the first year of the war. Germany is so strongly en trenched in Belgium and Northeastern France that expulsion by frontal at tack would he a. long, herculean task if it be possible. Could the allies land an army in Holland under such cir cumstances that that country would welcome it, or at least not oppose it, they could crumple up the German flank, perhaps make Belgium unten able and menace the main German source of military supplies in West phalia. AV'ere Holland to join them, they could ascend the Scheldt to attack Antwerp and totally stop the remain der of sea traffic which Germany car ries on the Rhine. They would like to use Holland as a road to Germany in the same manner as Germany used Belgium as a road to France, or they would like to make it a base as they have used Saloniki. . But they have n n elleri ovpiico fits f4rAra trava IHorn in the latter case by agreeing to de fend Serbia and by inviting them to - land an army, nor would they venture ; to follow the precedent of German in 1 vasion of Belgium which they have so loudly condemned. Holland senses the J allies' disposition and keenly watches their movements. '. But the shrewd Dutch also suspect that Germany believes their neutral ity has served its turn in Teuton plans ' and is now an obstruction rather than an aid. It prevents Germany from closing the mouths of the Scheldt, th Meuse and the Rhine to the allies, as must be done if the submarine blockade is to have any great effect ; and renders Antwerp useless for at- tack on England. The Dutch province of Limburg intervenes to prevent the use of two main lines of railroad across the Meuse from Aix to Louvai and from Gladbaeh to Antwerp by German troops. Several other import ant bridges cross the Meuse in Hoi land, flanking Westphalia and servin as roads to France. The suspicio that Germany seeks a pretext to seize " these strategic points Is strengthened by the heavy concentration of troops on the frontier, by several provocativ acts against Holland, such as the elnk. ing of the Tubantia and by increased pressure on the Dutch government. Germany was not expected to move until it had prepared for a rapid con centration. of the latest submarines . at Antwerp, Flushing and Rotterdam - but Dutch resistance to pressure came 'i earlier than was expected and may r; hasten a rupture. Germany would find the pretext for invasion of Holland in violation, ac tual or intended, of Dutch neutrallt by Britain. The latter would find in like action or intent on the par of Germany. Each is probably play Ing the game in suca a way as to make the other appear the aggressor and as to win Holland to Its side, but at the same time so as to be so fully ready that the other will have only a short start. Mr.. Colyn, the Dutch ex- Minlster of War, betrays greater fear ' Germany when he suggests that that country, professing: a belief that Holland is unable to defend itself against British Invasion, may make proposals which would involve aban- onment of neutrality towards the allies. Were such proposals made and rejected, Germany might use the fact as a ground for invading Holland to revent the Dutch from joining the allies. The British and French, on the contrary, might seize the Dutch ports in order to avert their seizure by Germany. In either event, the time would have come for Holland to de cide. Holland had prepared against either contingency long before the war. Late in 1910 it prepared to modernize the obsolete fortifications at the mouth of the Scheldt, though loud protests came from British and Belgium newspa pers, to be countered by expressions of pproval in Germany. The plans were carried out in 1913 and were designed as a defense against Britain. To de fend itself against Germany the coun try planned by inundation to isolate the provinces of North and South Hol land and to make the heart of the country, including Amsterdam, Rotter- am, The Hague and the mouth of the Scheldt a vast entrenched camp studded with forts. This would give an Anglo-French army time to arrive and strike across Holland at West- halia. Holland has an army of 300,- 00 men, which was mobilized two days before the Germany army. It as reorganized three years before the war, is well equipped and has nee been brought to a high state of efficiency. Neither group of belliger ents would be wise to add this army to the opposing force. COXGRATCLATIOXS. Coos Bay has long been geographi cally and physically on the extreme dge of Oregon; but today it assumes its true status as an integral part of the state. The railroad from Eugene to Marshfield is completed (except the Umpqua-bridge) and railroad service is inaugurated. It is an occasion for felicitations. If Coos Bay has been obliged, for reasons beyond its control, to look to California, now it will be easy to turn its face to Portland. Such un- oubtedly is the wish and feeling- of Coos Bay people. They have built p a prosperous county through their own energy and resourcefulness, and they have felt that they have been somewhat neglected by Portland and the rest of the state their state. If there was any excuse for Portland's pparent indifference heretofore, it exists no longer. Doubtless Coos Bay will see and hear quite enough of Portland, Eugene, and the whole Wil lamette and Columbia valleys before many days have passed. The people of Coos Bay will now receive The Oregonian on the day of its publication. That, too, Is.. w hink, matter for congratulation all around. ON PLEASING OUR FRIENDS. The Oregonian is not surprised to note that its Democratic friends are greatly elated over the results of the straw vote" for President conducted under its auspices at the Courthouse last week. One great mission of The Oregonian is to make the public, in cluding Democrats, happy, so far as a andid and impartial statement of con ditions and a calm and complete pres- ntation of facts are designed to con tribute to the general felicity. Ijndeniably, there was much in the traw- vote to solace the Democratic heart more, far more, than is to be found on the achievements of the Democratic Administration under President Wilson. It is gratifying to The Oregonian to have from Demo- ratio sources so distinct and signifi- ant a tribute to the integrity of its news and the fairness of its methods. Our Democratic friends know that the straw vote was exactly what it was represented by The Oregonian to be. President Wilson led the poll, hav ing more votes than Hughes and Roosevelt. Result was: Wilson, 813: Hughes, 468; Roosevelt, 329. But it may bo feared that our Democratic contemporaries are somewhat over emphasizing the importance and value of these interesting figures, in view of the assured significance of others. For example, let our friends ponder over the following: The total vote was 1692 in a three- days' registry of 3216. The registra tion of women was 1546. The women did not vote in 1912, and therefore the citizens who responded to the re quest to state how they voted in 1912 were men a total of 755. Making due allowance for the. male voters who failed to give information as to 1912, and taking note of the facts as observed by the men who handled the poll, it is obvious that at least one- half the straw vote was cast by women The majority of them was clearly for Wilson. But how about the 755 male voters? Among them Wilson gained 35 and lost 62, a net loss to him of 27. Twelve men who voted for Taft, and twenty three who voted for Roosevelt, went to Wilson; but twenty-three who voted for Wilson went to Roosevelt, and thirty-six to . Hughes, making (with three scattering) sixty-two in all. What is the meaning of these changes? Wil son loses more of his 1912 supporters than he gains. At that rate he would have fewer votes by 4000 among the men in Oregon than in 1912. But the women, we are told, are for Wilson. Obviously most of them were in the straw vote. That is, to our mind, the chief revelation of the sample vote, so far as the Democrats are concerned. It must give a new and Btrange feel ing of comfort, not to say surprise. to the entire body of Democrats to learn that they have a candidate who has the confidence of many women. IN THE TRAIL, OF TIIE PEN. Twenty years ago William J. Kings ley began making a serious study of handwriting. , When he died in an ob scure . New Jersey village the other Say-he left behind him what amounts practically to a new and exact science. Mr. Kingsley was the first of the hand writing experts to specialize upon this important subject and reduce it to con. vincing and useful form. There had been some delvers into the mysteries of handwriting but they were looked upon much as the itinerant phrenol ogist or palmist is regarded today. However, Mr. Kingsley, by intelligent application, established the fact that no two persons write exactly the same. One may imitate the handwriting of another very closely, but somewhere in the course of the written line be trayal of the fraud awaits the trained investigator. . . Beginning in a humble way, subject to no end of ridicule, Mr, Kingsley. fi- nally gained such reputation as a spe cialist that his services were in general demand. During the celebrated Moli neaux murder trial his expertness in. detecting forged handwriting supplied the missing link in the chain of evi dence which convicted the murderer. He has been called to testify in courts throughout the country and his testi mony has been accepted by Juries. He succeeded in proving not only that no two persons write alike but no two persons typewrite alike even in using the same typewriter. Studying the typewritten page, Mr. Kingsley de tected that one person would make one letter heavier than another. The small "a," ordinarily tapped by the little finger of the left hand, might be weak or heavy according to the physiological peculiarities of the in dividual. By use of a powerful glass and a trained eye, it was possible for him to say who had and who had not written a letter with pen or typewriter. His knowledge has been passed along to others and he has left it as a per manent heritage to the world. In his small way he has contributed to the good of law and order, and the lesson of his example is that a large useful ness may be served in the world by small undertakings when followed with pains and diligence. WHY NOT? There are some seventeen or eigh teen citizens who have announced their respective candidacies for the lower house of the State Legislature. Ex amination of the list discloses the fact the familiar fact that the majority of. them are lawyers; and the usual complaint is offered that the next Legislature will be too much officered by the legal profession. It is desirable that any Legislature have representatives from the lawyers, for the making of laws is directly within the line of their knowledge and experience; but it is axiomatic that all important interests should have a voice there. Else why representative government? There are good names useful men active citizens to be found among the candidates already in the race from Multnomah County. But there ou?ht to be more. The Oregonian can think off-hand of a lot of citizens who might be called on to go to Salem. What iriore worthy service could be performed than to persuade men like the follow ing to stand for the Legislature: J. C. Ainsworth, Jay Hamilton, F. S. Doernbecher, A. G. Labbe, S. B. Cobb, Joseph Simon, Charles W. Ful ton, S. M. Mears, W. B. Aver, Fletcher Linn, Ira Powers, S. C. Pier, Charles Jenning, John Burgard, W. A. Bush- ong, W. B. Mackay, Oscar Home, J. J Johnson, W. H. Fitzgerald. There are women, too Mrs. F Eggert, Mrs. G. J. Frankel, Mrs. Isaac Swett, Mrs. G. W. McMath, and othera who are deeply interested in public affairs, and who would be ornaments of any State Legislature. This is not a call upon these men and women to public duty. It is more an expression of regret that systematic persuasion is not brought to bear upon them, or some of them, or others like them, to serve the people in the Legis lature. TWELVE GREATEST CHARACTERS. Apparently borrowing the idea from American periodicals which hold oc casional popular elections to deter mine the greatest novels, an English publication recently set out to elect the twelve greatest characters in all fiction. After receiving the ballots and counting them, the winners are announced as Becky Sharp, Mr. Mi cawber, Sydney Carton, John Ridd, Adam Beff, Don Quixote, Jcannie Deans, Tess D'Urbeville, Sarah Gamp Maggie Tulliver, Colonel Newcome and Pickwick tied for twelfth place. One looks in vain for the American author in that list. Dickens con tributes the majority of the characters while George Eliot, Thackeray, Hardy, Blackmore and Cervantes divide such honors as remain. Ono suspects that had the election been confined to Oxford graduates or college professors the returns would have been quite different. Henry James, at lea.st, would have gained a place. Dumas, Balzac, Turgeniefl", doubtless, would have polled a heavy vote. Fielding would have received at least a scattering vote and authors no one ever heard of before would have shared in the honors. But, aside from the peculiar contrariness of cul tlvated persons in finding superlative virtues in obscure writers with jaw breaking names, a poll by professional critics or English university professors would have shown a greater fairness, We doubt if all our American novel ists would have been overlooked. Cer tainly the immortals of Continental Europe would not have been slighted The English election should be de clared invalid, except in England America cannot accept the decision any more than France or Russia can accept it. The twelve greatest char acters are merely the twelve that have appealed most strongly to an English literary electorate with limited reading experience. No one will dispute place in the sun to Becky Sharp, Thackeray's clever and selfish char acter in "Vanity Fair." Dickens would be certain to score here in America, Micawber would be certain "to turn up" in the finals. Davifl Copperfield doubtless would win with a rousin plurality. Adam Bede, George Eliot' splendid hero, might prove the choice of an American electorate. Cervantes and his immortal "Don" would win In a walk anywhere on earth. But such names as Hawthorne, Howells, Clem ens, Stevenson, Alcott and Stowe would be represented, for they have created characters which are strongly fixed in the American reading mind, "Huckleberry Finn" and "Uncle Torn would win two to one over any English cousin that might be precipitated into the field on a popular-election basis. WARTIME NECESSITIES. If we are to find any profit in Brit ain's experience in being precipitate into a war for which it was not pre pared, the subject must be studied at close range and with a fine considera tion for minor details. The world has watched England struggle clumsily to ward the goal of helpful co-operation with her French allies in the western front. . After two years Britain has succeeded in recruiting, arming an equipping an army of 2,000,000 men Military critics have contended that had England kept these 2,000,000 citi zens in some sort of organized shape for war, the present war could not have occurred. Be that as it may. th fact remains that Britain would have known in advance what was needed for the conduct of war and would nave proviaea sucn necessities as rapid-fire guns and field glasses. Through the aid of American manu facturers, Britain ha succeeded i getting plenty of ordnance. It ma not be superior ordnance, but it will serve in a pinch. The machine guns America manufactures are notorious for fractious capers. French and Ger man, machine guns alone are depend able. When American ordnance ex perts manufacture rapld-firers they I fail to give satisfaction even in our own military service. As for field glasses, dependence upon Europe is even stronger. Binoculars that are not made in France or Germany are noth ing better than makeshifts. Just now England is hunting high and low for field glasses. The mill- tary authorities have exhausted their - . . ,,, resources and now patriotic civilians are organizing to meet the situation a a hpa tliov mar I." n o-1 i Y-, ti on -n-Vin will not dnnatB nnin lnos and fiolrt glasses are offered fancy prices fpr them. - A fund of $125,000 has been raised for the purchase of second-hand glasses from mercenary civilians. It is the prismatic glasses that are in I demand, and those made in Germany I are preferred. Before the war broke full supply for the army might have been secured from Berlin, but now Berlin will not sell. Without binocu- lars tne English troops are sadly nan- I dicapped. In these days of fighting from shelter and concealment, strong .ineulara ira u valimKIo no ctrni, tr I c-imo Th-.r- in!cnsnoV,i. ,,, artillery and cavalry as well as to the aerial observers. In this connection it might be in- teresting to note that American Army I supplies do not include a sufficient I umber of binoculars to equip what troops we have. It would be inter esting, if not distressing, to know just ow far snort we fall of being able to equip an Army of half a million men properly. Just how manv Americana would the enemies of the Administration like to have killed in Mexico to embarrass the Presi- dent? Springfield Republican. If the Administration had at the start taken steps to insure the kill- ing or Mexicans who killed Ameri cans, it is-very doubtful whether more Americans would have been killed in the aggregate than have been killed. The v"enemies of the Administration" have desired that if any should be killed they be killed in fair fight and should kill at least an equal number of Mexican murderers. Had this desire been fulfilled, the murdering of Amer icans would probably have ceased long battlefields. For instance. Dr. Blood ago, the President need have been no good is in receipt of a letter from Dr. more embarrassed than he has been and American honor would have es- iped an indelible stain. The Capital Journal (Salem) thus xplains a recent mournful loss: A. story is told of a couple of nesroes. one of whom left a barrrel of salt pork In the other's cellar for safe keeping while he was away a few months. Oh his return he opened his barrel of pork only to find here wasn t any. Confronting his friend with this state of facts and demanding to know what became of the pork, the "friend" xclalmed: t or de lan saKes! How you sr'pose dat pork erer leok'd out and leave de brine?" This little story is for Portland's wood supply officials only. Anyway, the brine was still on hand. One of the most calamitous conse quences of the war is a shortage of hair dyes. What is to become of the woman whoso gray hair betrays her age. no matter what she mar do to conceal the wrinkles, or of the wom an whose hair is prematurely gray, though her face remains youthful? i here may be a suicide boom among the women who prefer death to the very appearance of old age. The reason April days are glorious because they follow blustering March, days when the skies aro ob scured. Clear blue skies, flecked with fleecy clouds, and just enough shower to wash the air make a man glad to bo alive in Oregon In the Spring. The world will be glad to learn of ficially that Austria-Hungary is not seeking territory in this war. The world knows that if the dual kingdom comes out of it untrimmed she will bo well off. Government needs that $20,000,000 alleged to be lost in revenue frauds n tobacco. Incidentally it may be said some people are making hay- while the Democratic sun in. shining. The women who are insisting that baker's bread be wrapped are on the right track. Progressive master bakers have done so for a long time, and the other fellows must. Since its customers are at work, the 5-cent restaurant had to quit business. Tho man on the payroll wants the whole bill of fare when ho comes to the city. The 146,000,000 bushels of last year s wheat unfit for milling is good chicken feed, and made into eggs will pay better than the market price. Coos Bay 244 miles by rail is some what different from what it was in the daj's of steamship travel. The cities of the bay are neighbors now. As a general thing, the "masher" who is fined has just enough lack of brains and , excess of egotism to be proud of the record. The prophecy of two years more of the war has one contingency. A bi; naval battle that may come at any time will settle it. That rough house at Haverhill is what might be expected in any city when a mountebank makes capital of his renegation. Caplan iwas out of luck in being caught so late. The unions were pretty well milked for lawyers' fees for the other fellows. If the Germans do not cease the air raids on Scotland, the bare-kneed fellows will eat them alive in the first encounter. The dweller in apartment or flat may pretend to despise the garden plot, but not in the opening days of Spring. The melancholy days are coming when you cannot drink your own beer or that of anybody else s at a picnic. These are the days when the house wife plans to have the most beautiful back yard in the block. Pershing is keeping out of touch, that he may not be recalled by vacil lating powers. There's just enough chill In the air to offset that tired feeling, but the time is coming. Judge Bagley is as good as elected. He decides the Hillsboro dos law is Invalid. ' Dentist Waite's wife, is impatient. She is suing for a decree of divorce. There is always a surprise In a Ford, In or put of iUichigan. How to Keep Well By Dr. W. A. Evans. Questions pertinent to hygiene, sanitation and prevention tf disease, if matters of gen eral Interest, will be answered In this col umn. Where space will not permit or the subject Is not suitable, letter will be per sonally answered, subject to proper limita tions and where stamped, addressed en- 'f .V. 1"c,lose,d "iVviSuadis- eases. Requests for such service cannot be answered. . kw . (Copyright, 1016. by Err. w. A. fc.vans. published by arrangement with Chicago aribune.j Treating Dirty Wound. TR- G- w- GREEN gives the follow JL ing as the method among the sur geons of the Northwestern Railroad of treating dirty wounds: If hemorrhage does not stop of it self, it is stopped by pressure or liga- ture. Ordinary wounds, not too full of crease and dirt, are filled with tincture of iodine for two or three minutes, after which time the iodine js washed out with 70 per cent alco- hoi. (Ordinary drugstore alcohol near enough, to 70 per cent). Then a mOISC DOrlC aCld Dressing is applies ana nem in piu.cn oj a. uimaB c ad dirt it in Twashed T out with gasoline -rhr Pieces of cloth. sDlinters and coarser masses of dirt are picked out with tissue forceps. The wound is never scrubbed out. If a. wound has a small skin open ing and then spreads out among the tissue underneath, the skin is opened up until all parts of the wound can be seen. This enlarged opening is or help should drainage become neces sary. Crushed fingers are not amputated. -l hey are wasnea witn louine. men with alcohol and put up in a wet gauze dressing. If the tendons which crook and straighten the fingers are severed. f" effort is made to sew the cut ends 1 (k. ir-r tpt,m,9 anti-toxin as a routine procedure. This is about the standard method in this country now. There are still some people who wash wounds with water, but the number is decreasing. Most first-aid cabinets contain a bot tle of tiucture of iodine, and this is applied to about every wound in which skin is broken. Possibly we may change this method as the result of knowledge gained from the European Blake of the American hospital in Paris. D-. Blake gives it as his opin ion that dirty wounds should be oper ated on within three hours after the injury. When such wounds are opened up. cleaned out. washed with iodine. nd- dresse1 within three nours ot in- Hury lney et weli .w""ou.t supuura- tlon. regardless of how dirty they were, if more tnan tnree nours eiapses Dr. Blake does not think it matters much what you do. In consequence, the operations of the French war zone are being done not in base hospitals but in automobiles near the firing line. First-aid dressings have not proved very beneficial in this war. In the first place, the artillery and shrapnel wounds are too large for the dress ings. In, the second place, trench fight ing is very dirty and the dressings are eommonlv sonked throurh with water, dirt and filth. Trench fighting does not give first-aid dressings a fair 1 trial. Tetanus antitoxin Is beinfc very ex tensively used, is the report from many sources. Conditions here are not the same as those in the war zone. It is possible that the methods of troatin;r dirty wounds in uso in this country may be changed rs the result of this war, but the time has not yet come. We had bet top stick to the method advocated by Dr. Green. Prohahlr Kidney. O. P. writes: "Please tr-11 me the cause of a dropsical condition of the skin abov1 the eyelid and macrsrinir on the lid. With me. it is present a day of two, then disappears, and may not return for several months. I notice some people ha.ve it permanently. What kind of ivarnincr fymplora is it, and what is the remedy?" rtEPL.Y. Tho probahlo cause is kidney disesse. Maybe your digestion is poor. Ortnin it Is tnat you are out or condition and need au examination. MaaKise for Srar. Mrs. II. A. K. writes; "Will you please answer through your column what to do for a seal caused by burn on a child a cheek. Child acred 5. Scar has been there for about three years. tiki scar is a very red spot with, a white outline." REPLY. Persistent daily massajre with the fincers anointed with any crease will cause it to fad.s and become less conspicuous. If the scar is too marked for help from massage you can consult a surgeon relative to its removal. Flntulenre. I,. A. V. writes: "1. What are tho causes of flatu lence? "2. Is it dangerous? "3. Are certain classes of food more conducive to flatulence than others?" REPLY. 3. Inteatinal fermentation. ". No. 3. -Yes. Starches, sweets, desserts, breads, potatoes, peas, beans and raw apples induce It especially, constipation la frequently Reduction of Hukt. Mrs. If. B. M., of Mississippi writes: "1. "Will you kindly tell me how I can reduce the bust? "2. Will hot applications of alum water do it? "3. Is thyroid any help? "All mv other proportions are satis factory and I'm in good health, prob ably weigh 160 pounds, but am will ing to lose 15 pounds." REPLY. 1. Massage or electricity of the proper kind properly applied will cause the bust to decrease in size. There is an electrio chair the use of which Is effective In reduc ing; the bust. i and 3. No. Divorce Laws. ASHLAND, Or., April 2. (To the Editor.) A husba.nd sues his wife for divorce (there being no children); the wife wishes to take back her maiden name. How does she proceed? SUBSCRIBER. Courts will not grant the party in the wrong: special rights in a divorce decree. NeirRpapers in AlaNlca. PORTLAND, Or, April 2. (To the Editor.) Kindly give me names of several papers or magazines printed in Alaska and name of town in which they may be procured. Also price. INTERESTED. Consult newspaper directory at Pub lic Library. o Fur Farm In Orc&ron. PORTLAND, April 3. (To the Ed itor.) Where and how far from Port land is the nearest fur farm? B. G. So far as we can learn there is no fur farm in Oregon. Perhaps you can obtain the other information you seek from one of the local furriers. Xo. PORTLAND, April 2. (To the Edi tor.) Have the people living outside the ci!y limits the right to put their mail boxes in front of one's property in the city limits without his permis sion, they having good rural delivery sowt HEGULAR SUBSCRIBER. "RUSTICS" TO BL3 HEARD FROM November Will Tell, Says Man Who Reads Signs of the Times. MARSHFIELD, Or., April 1. (To the Editor.) I do not know whether I am to feel flattered or not. At least, I am a little surprised that a publication of the magnitude and prestige (?) of the Portland Journal should editorially take cognizance of a. "Rustic whose outlook is bounded by the next farm." I had somehow formed the idea that getting back at rustics of my class was left to the soapbox orator, but it seems "The galled jade winced." There is naught to be gained by end less controversy between rustics and the editors of the Journal. In fact, I would not have known of my distinction had not a friend shown me the effusion in the Journal. In truth, I had antici pated someone would come back at me through the same medium that I had used. I want to assure the. Journal, how ever, that the woods are full of rustfes and they will be heard from by another November. As to beine: a partisan. Tes, indeed, I am that. Republican partisan, dyed-in-the-wool. I reiterate the Mexican situation is the result of Wilson's own doings, and each day we are coming into a fuller knowledge of the disgraceful acts of his advisers; Daniels, for instance, in the Tampico affair. And not only that, but the matter which The Oregonian has seen fit to print is matter beine: discussed every day by newspapers all over the land. Yes, Republicans stood by the Ad ministration and saved the President from the pit his own tribe had digRed for him, when, the McLemore resolu tion was tabled. Let me assure you this "rustic" knows the difference between a Re publican and a man on the fence. G. W. WADS WORTH. THE WORK OF" SITT. EATCHEI, Efficiency of County Employe In Win ter Storm Called Ip. PORTLAND. April 4. (To the Ed itor.) I am a constant reader of your paper and also a subscriber. I have been reading the articles about Mr. Eatchel, and am writing this unsolic ted by anyone. I have known Mr. Eatchel for some time, and believe him very efficient for his position as su perintendent of properties and ma chinery. Lhappen to know of several of tho many things which proves his etf iciency. During the snow storm, for instance. Mr. Eatchel had two county trucks with dump bodies brought to town to help take the snow off the streets. Mr. Eatchel, as well as the driver of the trucks, slept in the County Jail. He also foresaw the possibilities of not getting any fuel oil to the county in stitutions, as the oil companies could not make deliveries. He had a road oil tank put on another truck and brought to town. This truck was kept busy night and day hauling fuel oil. Mr. Eatchel worked with the driver on this one truck, hauling oil in par ticular to the County Hospital In South Portland. They hauled oil to tho hospital from 3 P. M. until 7 A. M. the following day, and during that time Mr. Eatchel froze one foot, mak ing it necessary to cut his shoe on the sides so as to get around. As to the first two trucks. Mr. Eatchel saved the taxpayers S4 an hour, less the wages of driver and gasoline. This was done for a number of days. I am only recalling a few of the many incidents of which I am very f:i- miliar. showing Mr. Eatchcl's thought fulness and desire to serve the rounly. -V SUBSCRIBER. ni jiT o nnoAnwAY A;.it vatks SchmcIckk Ilominccrins' of Mr. Ilaly's Department Pointed Oat. 1'ORTLANO, April !?. (To the Ed itor.) Thi dust on Broadway is sret tintr unbearable again. Last year th oil wagon passed only once, and very little, oil was wasted on Broadway; now nnd then a few drops something like a church collection. Wo were fightinpr tlr dust in every Conner of our homes, till wo could not stand it any longer, and went to the Coast, with the money which should have been spent for Winter wood. At present wo enjoy these delightful Sprinpr Hays with duster and broom. Our windows are closed day and night, and by rights it is a case for the Health Bureau. The Water Bureau calls it "a waste of tho taxpayers' money" to send tho oil wagon. T call that "senseless domineering." Where is the taxpayer who would stop an oil wagon which is going to help women and children out of misery? 1 read in The Oregonian about the confiscated liquor at tho Courthouse, and it looks h if tho stuff is making trouble even there. Whisky and cham pagne would do to lay tho dust. Why not send this over on Broadway? In this case Mr. Daly could keep tho oil. If this is the only way he can save money for the taxpayers, it would be too bad to discourage him. A READER. Vllln'a A'nme 111m Own. PORTLAND. April 3. (To tho Editor.) In your answer to tho inquiry as to the pronunciation of "Pancho Villa," the sound of the letter of double form, "11," which you give as that of "y," is incorrect. This sound is only used by the lower classes in Mexico and is considered vulgar by Spanish gramma rians. "Li" has a liquid sound, resembling that of tho English "11" in William or. brilliant; therefore, the pronuncia tion of Villa is Veelva. SPANISH STUDENT. In any language the correct pronun ciation of a person's name Is the way the owner pronounces it. Villa is of the lower class, and we are informed he pronounces his name "Veeya." We know of no orthoepic rule that permits the English name of Chol mondeloy to be pronounced "Chumley," yet "Chumley"-it Is. The writer might also look; up the pronunciation of Worcester and Hawarden Castle. This also answers the inquiry of P. J. M., of Arlington. To Kill Trees Without Knowing It. TOLEDO, Or., April 1. (To the Edi tor.) Kindly tell me how to kill trees without cutting the bark all around. My wife objects to cutting down and I object to needles killing garden and grass. I would like some way to kill that will make her think Winter killed them, as we certainly need all the sun shine we can get near the coast. P. C. A. Bore four small holes near the base of the tree, one on each side. They should angle downwards, and extend to the limits of the heart wood. Fill them full with carbolic acid. Kerosene will probably answer, but will take longer. Treasury Reports. PORTLAND, April 3. (To the Edi tor.) Will you please state why The Oregonian has discontinued the publica tion of the daily statement showing the condition of our National Treasury, or perhaps. I should say. the daily state ment issued by .the Treasury Depart ment? A SUBSCRIBER, The 'daily Treasury statement Is no longer carried in the report of the As sociated Tress, by which The Oregonian is served. It was discontinued soon after the Incoming of the Democratic National Administration In Other Days. Half a Century At;o. From The Oregonian of April 5. ISfiO. Helena. Mont. On March 1 an en gagement took place between a band of Blood warriors and a party of whites at the Sun River bridge. One of the whites, James Malone, was badly wounded in the riKht side. One Indian was killed in the fight and three others who were captured were imme diately hanged. We are informed that the organiza tion of a company for the exploration of the region of Southeastern Oregon. where the immia'ants of IS 17 were lost. is in contemplation at The Dalles. The pestiferous snakes have hitherto pre vented prospecting in that country. The United States Telegraph Com pany last week started overland a larfra number of wagonloads of wire for the extension of their line to Salt Lake City. The fast freight and express line be tween Umatilla and Idaho has proved to be so far successful that the enter prising owners are importing largely of vehicles to supply tho increasing trade. Several concord coaches have arrived for shipment today. S. E. Brigg, late of Los Angeles, ar rived by the Pacific and will take, charge of the business of Wells, Farso & Co., in this city. The Commissioners of the County Court met yesterday. A new precinct was established in the southern por tion of the county and designated Ful ton Precinct. . Tho steamer Montana, Captain Kelly, arrived yesterday morning- from San Francisco. Tiresty-Five Ifara A so. From The Oresonian of April 5, 1S91. There will be a meeting of the citi zens of Portland, East Portland, Sell wood, St. Johns and Mt. Tabor at the City Council chambers Wednesday evening, April 8 to arrange for a Fourth of July celebration in a man ner befitting the metropolis of th Northwest. Professor David Starr Jordan, by his acceptance ot the presidency of the Leland Stanford University, of Califor nia, wins recognition as the leading; educator of the Pacific Coast. Edward Everett Hale chatted with the San Francisco newspaper report ers, who questioned him about his writings and journeyingrs, but to a re quest for his photograph, he said: "I haven't one; I wish I had." Washington. April 4. Jay Gould and his son, George, had a long conference with Postmaster-General Wanamakor today. The question of the Pacific Mail Steamship Line, of which Geor;o Gould is the president, in connection with the new postal subsidy act, was discussed. San Francisco. April 4. The Exami ner today says Henry Villard is cominc; out West and will take in San Fran cisco in connection with his north, Coast interests. This is supposed to mean a shakeup along the Oregon Im provement Company's, agencies. Tho baseball season in Portland will ho inaugurated todny with a game be tween the Portland league team and the Nob Hill amateurs at the Oaks. An adjourned meet ins: of tho Mult nomali Bar Atsocial ion was held yes terday 'n the. courthouse f..r the pur pose of passing resolutions on tlo death of F. O. JlcCo'.vn. There was a largo attendance. SPi: T(l.i: IN ( KMKTKRl ANNOVS nilnplilotcd Coffin and Kuhhi.-ih Above ground ;lc Shock. PORTLANri, April 3. (To the, Edi tor.) As this was fii'-h a charming morning and 1 had some business on the East frirto, beyond the cemetery. I walked from Grand avenue up Stark street east anvl passed by tho burying ground. At its extreme, eastern bound ary there Is a street. thHt bisectj Stark. 1 think it is Twrnty-eisrht h. Thcro is no lipdso or parkings separat ing tho burying ground from the publlo highway and a row of houses faces the) ground from tho other sido of the streot. I must say I felt quite shocked, to see a coffin with its lid in a state of decay lyins quite near the north east boundary of the cemetery, not 11 yaiM.s from Stark and Twenty-eighth, I did not want to upset myself, so C did not look into the coffin. I thinlc if the coffin is empty it should he burned with other rubbish lyin around. The whole aspect of this plnr at its eastern boundary is very dilapi dated. It is astonishing that folks liv ing not a stone's throw away should countenance it. Trusting that this may stimulate some interest in a most scandalous state of things. K. B. CLARKE. 24-26 Union Avenue. A llneition of Thrift Brought V p. TILLAMOOK. Or., April 3. (To tho Editor.) In his article in The Oregon nian Sunday, Dr. Tamiesie in advo-' eating birth control says that posi tively better than 90 per cent are prac ticing some means of birth control an.l that the fad has been growing for tho past DO years. Of course, he does not have self-control in mind as one of the means, for it has been practiced longer than 50 years. He quotes some rather disheartening statistics as having a di rect bearing on birth control and offers these as an argument "for some harm less means of limiting the number oC offspring, etc." The American Bank frs' Association is conducting a thrift campaign in an effort to correct tha condition he bemoans. If it is true that such an overwhelming majority is prac ticing birth control, why has this rem edy failed to improve the financial status of the average American, which, according to his statistics, could not b much worse? Will the addiction to the vice of the remaining less than 10 per cent turn the trick? FORD E. SHAW. riirtliplnce of Diaz. HOOD RIVER, Or., April 2. (To the Editor.) Where and when was Por firio Diaz born? Has he Indian blood in his veins? Ills age when deposed? A bets he was born In Spain. CONSTANT READER. Diaz was born in l"S30 in the South ern Mexican state of Oaxaca, and was of Spanish descent with a slight mix ture of Indian blood. He was deposed May 25, 1911. Ills Ministry Satisfactory. Judge. "Does be occupy his pulpit satisfac-i torlly?" "Weil, ho has gained 20 pounds in weight since he came with us." A Word to Manufacturers Do you believe your product could be pushed by advertising? Do you believe advertising on your part will help and enthuse your dealers? Do you believe advertising will help your salesmen sell more goods? Do you want to know the best way to accomplish these things? Do you want to know tho most economical way to do it? Write a letter nnkins your ;ues tlons to tho Bureau of Advertising, American Newspaper Publishers' As sociation. World building. New York.