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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 1, 1916)
Depth of Channel at Mouth of Columbia River Now Nearly 31 beet w . . . i a-".-- i nr. 1 j . VT "- i Greater Depth to Be Keached Soon by Jetty Operations 5m tk pra fpM l 111 at Tata! Ct rJi. l ailJ 5Utn Arar r t (kI a IW . Tut ..I ft. . lit frIct foe tmrtBg la ck- kr Chum tk r mim act f till. II 4 at r l t'lt4 ,f r.f lMra IU ! r- 14! CJI . I aacri T fW cm V U4lac Mar trm Tat" " int tk atilM C u iu:iM'. T ttr tatll t-trck w4 lrMt 'r vtkt Ik rnl-t wm r-rt-4 cr a4 Me4 !! rrmiB awMta4 ( : Ik fall la U U BMW I r0r. T -!' rl f l cm f'" rtor ,'T. Vii....r. Wxk. II r4 r t& fciic kr 4 l44 aiv 4pvr ! t M- rrtr i . 0.rnc Ik wtl it-l-t ro Hi I T lJ ' ' l.M. if. mt artv r ! Mt. A dets f II ft t alt4.froo t& . lt " mt tkaa l"'" r rl:. i. a la am n.4 la taa aarwrk mat- a-t:r arw o.-a Tnrri a.hi4 Ik kar rkaaa com BMltr . 4crtaC aa ec4 in .r t'4 t mtr la tt cfcaa- 1. fcl ! coa!lny lUM -... unfit la tU Ik ria 4pl alT SI ft. Tn inl lu ara4 Ca' I a.-ti " l IJia appf- na''l I r reai I Ik lrm. rll'n ! " " T art ti.ij pS1-.pfit.. )-..m tsl a'.kr U4 ..nilmiK (ntrr r flia-l f ,r an'! tr4i-i .IJ lur a Bwl a-tu Ik kr i, r.. 4 r i4.r ik iui i- i.tr aipit4 la Hj a fartfcr 4i tiv of .:. twattrnviiB' a Jttj n jr-.a vul JS att la I'nfn. aa. 4'4i. ku!4 i dr.i f4ll "4 k ty a4! ka IBI4 ka k-.. arrl.4 - a4.r Ihta atVl. 1B I l '! kal i ..nfa tf la opl h rua4 laa la t"tt JM" ttk Jtl ! a rrl4 la ;! t oti : laaa f ,t.n aa4 ao-ul t.i.'- l Iku II n IR (M'l fc4 In. r-a4 lfu a u-.-iiB r I a 4ia t - n i: fc. Man 41111 alta44 Ik i I ..a f k rk. Ik rlalpal Iroukl bn( ial kT ' WIBIr tt'TWJ ii..k a.raltat I Ik ipala .ralian ar 4ria ar r rH aa4 f:Btlai earT4 aa I..U4 tii! f ! lrraar. ka-l l k rkuil tk tl Hm Tk r-opv..U" J rJrti Ula la a 14 f ilona. aa f kk aaaar ta .. ,Illu..a kaJ I k . tT ... ir..!.. c...trrl.4 lo..f fore. r.UmB from Volume of Coastwise Traffic Makes Steady jGain tt.tfr MoTtm-nt to California Tort U Large but Northbound Trade Need to 1 Developed. CWr Relation Between Oregon Coa.4 Toint Urged Ab-ska Trade Valuable. . aaw. HfTWIU lri fro- 'rt!4 1 I la 4I144 aal coaawr V- 4:wmb. PwrreaJ t Ala.ka. T-.rtla4 I B rraa. ".:. Itlaa4 I f.(a "! Botol. t o.laa ef th first 4Ui.a l al rt..t '. a rvrttaaj frikl b.,un4 M A k y fall I - .-..I Id. n.- by Bwal. " - t-mi, k. ba m " -l.r.at ttar fl. a4 k ka .j.r-4 la la-taat ky Ik fail ur I ri taay I carry in Br rat I inr-"- Lk, of lalrl ..n Ii pari f Ik shipper aa4 la m ,ty ! anpr mH I a rr.iat ! 41f- f .-j'", A II bow .lead. Ik Pori Url ra.fant 4.1 f Ik frikl ..(.. otia4 aal itl I k a .n nal a. wit Ik WII Br mi'i rsllMBi Tvatn Laa. T ' traffw kia rotla4 a-J ;u'rm p..r. sxck a Saa fro . l I i tB. I arr4 , ac..r a al koor. i ,-f a- Ik.- r' taiar Ha -rl n a tB r4lfc Kaa Traa- i..a aj vr --iH r.mii "nmtaay. :-il Norton !.'( aaji . tt.v, ,.rr -! S -l r'l l ! I . '.( ! - kJi cars r , r , . l I . :l - r - 1 - - : ' t m' ' ri . Ti a'w koa- ; - 4 t--! l"'-i!lJ Ct - a-'l ui-'l r. al aioniia . . . . . . I t i o-. i ! t rtxi taaal I 1 t pi. -a.a f lie a. tr. . Aia.r aa a:on m rw- .! k.'.r (j tBU4 Aliiiiw .,rta aa o k fr4 a laf ,m sis a .ae4iea!a. Lsa. (a4 '.ar fo- v'a T-. . .-Bar '4 balit BI4B- ., n. ii4 fjr a sra:viy .t :l' lartlar c9k f trains ,4 -. BJ v.r;.B - ia4 ia -u-ri us t ri ZovzrnBisit Carxstruciuvi ltexdtju3Jtrs, Caizm&io. S2ircT-fiSz-iJlztzf. Lk auU 4 f la aikaaliaaV JlalUlpallna Ik latporlaac f coia aiala cai uclloa oa a aortb Jity. rliwiaarir prlloa r larl4 la a4 ky Ilia MB arHun r pa44 a Ik aoalh Jll)f. Blaa aa4 lloat fo lb kfpo4 work. ka4 ka ri.i-4 aa4 rp'4 ky lb 4 (itnttl. I;lli Urti ahspa. aaMra, Irark a4 alwraca facllltla ka4 ka rnpll4 aa4 rriaiac la ia4taa I Iraaaltr la laal aa4 ulpmBl. Taia u acxaat- ;ua4 .oBvci.aiiy lo alio ih com MKla ( Ik lrtl la Brtakr. l. aa4 ky rkrarr. Itlt, tu Ul i f klaal aa4 a Hat W Ik laiacl fca4 ka l4ci oa tann aa4 aaai4 acr Ik ky la ra Caaky aa4 lar4 la lhir fwf fucclionik Tb wof kin loir look u It ab4 al Ikal hlatarlc placa aa4 cral4 a altlmal afcWrk Is4ay ta al- BWa( a city wllkia llaair. rnlaa4aa4 AaaaHa Mla. rn(M 4J4 aol arl4 fuatf a a 14 la Ik lprta of Itli. Ba4 in bu l ualil l-iiit-r 2 of Ikal yar (thai fi4 T apprverlal4 for eoa lltnuir Ih aora. lloar. Ik 1ort f Iwrt'an4 ai4 Anuria ram lo in rciM ty coalrlbutia ITI a4 I :;.. rpciiiy. ';k akl.k Ui d'mplatf tf rnrk a a coatlaM4 valil Bkout AB4t all era be I a paU4 kcara Ikal 41 aa4 Oclolxr II H. katn ba kI'ott4 frvrn l- nrcn:y nor a4 barber aet of (Victxr 2. Willi Ikcxa luoOa aa4 ) allilt4 from lb act of bUrcb . Dlt, Ik plaal vrk4 la full eapa itf P ' Iba mid41 of taibr. Kit. aba lb fund rr acala baot4 Parlna cvadractloa aa lb aoalfe rtiy urn wb ar rcl4 4ar-ln- lb Wlnr BBoalha. bat acllT oa- raiioet r la prur oa lb aortb tty tSrhoul Ih Wlnlr of !H till. an4 altboacb oom aTr alorau ccurrl 4url Ikal Wlalr aa4 alao Unix t pmt two BBoaib. no ma l.rUI damaa I lb lrtl rull4. Tbl f-l l ry acoar'4 to lb La 114 "tal. .aalac.ra. aflar haln (o oooj work a ad iprUnclac lb lo at anor or la lrTi: ack Wla tr 4rlr coairactloa of tb aoalk l.lly. II I. hoBr. rr 4lcoara la act to bar ulivunl fuad lo htu av4cl soatb wheat and '."t,'" rrM In c.parltv la stara v-aooa.ra baa bcn llop4 I In llmtl and Barly Br i"l ' a lull car of lwtr can b crrl4 oa d. k. .m a rrsull of Ih!. aa4 dpnd in( a frclahl. I" cargo r lkr all livtitr or libr dvk anl wkcal . . - ...t VurthSaund to I'ortlaa ik.. ,.r.v ..n.r.l cats aad. often) durtaa MM" ailvity. straiani gov ol r.fntlll. t " " ' wnnn. aitk Ih pouodlos of Ik I'a clSt. ka mad anaar ibM baaar4 wi carrlara of arlhal cargo. la rdr I cooip! with Ik rular lla.r bringing nlio avrlhbouad fhe tm K"vor frighl rata Is gB- ray lower Ikaa trial of IB liner. A la ta caa of go"a vla. Ih la- utapv rat a biir. although by a i:r arglo. Tk nirf v.1 broeght aorta by -U la Ibi ira4 cvaatal of all kiad o4? Btnk.nl . 4ry goo:. srortiag good, kardwar. pluaablag c m.at. lohvic". '!. tia. wool.o aoAia. ml: Tk Iraffl ka bo la IIMa;5. allf.oiiBk al l mndal lim it u Jul Bkvul holding paa. aal atak rt. As I Ik Cotumbi imr wkKB Int, aa aa Importaal vrt In rvat .taa anTrtrt. tram I"rt!nl. It la a-.i(in lo koow laal ta apt mt . . - ' - ' - nrv ih ! wfr aiark m yra is -..4'" s:rioda a U4 Irota fort- loi ?in ib ij"c ' ' . o v. . . . . - ,m. n t . n I lb large! cargo of wbal cm4 rrw aay .-oria . rrt. kavlnc !. loa In fcar boldl Tk Sinn ta w crawiag It t f of nlar. C'd.rl tl fact. II U easy I ll aay mm1 oa Ik ra noar a-.a ka tk korl f rortla4. IV .ta;4 .l fl ri4 of tb graal wrh 4o by tb Uoraaiat at lb aov-.b of lb Coiuarbt. TVia ar l 4ijHb I rta.a of v tU caxritB- tr'S 4 kctataa TwrUaad gs . ,A. ? 1 r ; . "V .... rm r:o;a7r- :- -r vvf;.S-y I V C&?ri fr of work a. r,r....lo. a. a pr.-1 o.ltloa of ouch ma.aiioa a mu a dlro-t lo la ff lrlrm-y. lo aay "olh- aad Orgoa cot porta. KlraU the stBamrr of the North ratine HteantBhlp Cumnaay runnlna drrl lo Coos Bay and (bear to Kunkn. Th ar- OrBl cla coullni l. swoml Hi o. callrd -nK)q -llo ft. wbl- h la mad up vf a number of gaaollnc ! of vanlng ls BOd ownrhlp. Th K, i i-ntaflv lo thOM porta whre fi wai.r la loo shallow lo permit the afe aavlgailoa of ! larger. 4epr- draft ai. At cartain aaona or tb year Iba steamer tlu II. Minor mil balacea Portlaad and Tillamook. The freight rat on the golln vtasols ar somewhat lower t;an oo lb iora. but Ib msrlB Insurance rale covering tbe cargo Is considerably higher. Tbi Is due IO tbo fact that tky ar susceptible ta mora baiards tbaa Bleaxaars. suck ss Br and strand lag. tlsaaaaklB rlr I4U4. At lb vary Isoeption of tfe organl salioa of lb aw C'hambor of Com mere a ronicnltt was umid, Ih cbalfTnanadlp. of ahlih 1 waa aaked to take, to slimy lb Ore too Coast steam ah i Hrtks. Tk Bri prvblaina plar4 bsloro lb commute war aa Ira-t-raved arvl- lo Banivn and t'-al part of the Cc4"l'l Valley served bst from lianjua. aia lo Tort orford aad otber points of Coast that ar now col aa'i.laciorllv rvmerlnl with rortland- W lBsliaate4 three rr"Pls for Ib a(ablisbmit and building up of ariiO sieamskip lne. In eacli la atasx lb paramount problem run froatlnc i wa rt"rn cargo from tie porta to Portlaad. W found that tb regular lla.a and Irrvguiar steam BckooBsr that ar hauling lumber and wd pro4ucta from Or ago a coast points t Cslirarnla kid xcdlagly lo frlgkl ralss lo load aarthooana. Thu parai i la tb California Jobbar and man afatarr to laad go4s IB Orsgoa at f rk..i vita whlcb It Is almost Impoasl LU for tb Portland Jobkar la compsts. Oar coamlltea 4:4. la a general way. f Qrir lb posibllitl of getting uortbboiad; cargo. Th study al Brat was OjrctlcJ to sr-rcils cevaisdiUts. . A V -J-a.&i.l- - 1. of lo-of tin,. .. co-pLUoo. It i, r - " IbucH as coaU dairy producls. etc rcarh-d. tha conrluior that this entire j sut)) t of compelling a northbound t moom.nl from uregon t oast point to Hon land la a blar problem and must uo undertaken by our whole community In a thoughtful, comprehensive way. It rannot b worked out fully and care fully until I'ortland manufacturer, consumers and merchant appreciate In abaolut detail tb ponslblll tie of pro ducllua In the districts tributary to the Oret. on coajt port, and until we have saiisfled ourselves as to what commodi ties can b made, under a more nr gello Industrial policy, lo mov from tlie.o points lo I'ortland. This work, like most of our other h.avy steamship problems, will not be properly analysed until two or three fundamental provisions bav been taken car of fully. On of Ih first suggestions covering this last state ment la that Portland capital and Port land Interest organli a vry thorough and mclent steamahlp company that will undertake to servo the several smaller ports that do not now get a regular, efficient servlc. To do this It might be advantageous to bar the proper capital take over soma existing Una, roorganls It. acquire the neces sary boats of tbe sis, draft and speed naeded. and at the sam Urn organise the traffic situation with a thorough ness that would guarantee fair loadings lor the vessels when they ar put on tho run. 4nhbaa4 I argoe Xe4-4. As we ha found the situation, tbe moat Important of all of these traTic consideration will be tho northbound cargo. I would recommend that a com mute of about Ihrre of our very best business men mak a tour of the Ore son coa'. stopping at every port that mv ba served from the Columbia Hiver. studying Ih pro4uction of each region tributary to that port, and forming- la a general way sou-is ra tional, broad plan whereby a certain northbound movement from that port may be encoeraged and maintained. Tbi tudy would probably lak the term of compelling certain raw prod ucts to mov her lo Industries already tbllsh4 or that should b atat I, abed to handle thes raw product. It would probably also necessitate a t,ry thorough acalysla of tha dairy and tb llvaatock situation lo determine how niurh of these product may be depended uun t-h ruuulU cf tbe year. J&r CanJ. ' . rt Jatr --n"h' .,., ... .MBirnatlv S.08S, River Transportation Is Great Factor for Portland With Improvement of Channels in Columbia and Willamette Rivers, Bulk of Traffic of Interior Will Be Secured City Entitled to Lowest height Rates. By A. H. tsavaea. PORTLAND'S eventual hope lies in the development of her river transportation. This refers aa much to the Willamette Kiver as to the Columbia. The Willamette River has bad some alight Improvements, but there ar wonderful possibilities Inher ent lu this stream with development that would make it navigable at all seasons of the year to Eugene. Transportation on tho Willamette, with reasonably fair landing facilities, aud th locks open as they ar now at Oregou City, mean a great reduction la the already reasonable freight rates between the Willamette Valley and Portland. It means the centertnT of many industries at the head of navi gation which ar not possible In smaller places where there is a lack of facility for distributing the prod ucts from a central market and where tber Is a lack of labor. Many have wondered why factories go to large cities whoia conditions for labor are belter In small cities, but it is due to the large cities" better distributing fa cilities, a greater boine market, and to the fact that labor likes to b where the opportunities for employment all the year round ar better than they arei In small places. The Wiilamelt has been given littlo attention, and. because the possibilities of tho Columbia are so much greater and the volume of traffic so mueh larger on that river and the territory so much greater. It must be plain to averyone that when the Columbia and tha -snake through canalisation are opened up for all-the-year-roUnd navi gation the development of Portland s Industries are assured beyond a ques tion. Lower Freight Rat IrgeeJ. Th location of Portland Is such that It Is entitled to the lowest freight rates from th Interior of any large city on the Pacific Coast. These freight rates we do not now have nor will we vr fit lhtu uuiil the Columbia and. CAsea. ZJZ 00 tons of etone has ben dumped in the Jetty. This stone has been placed along- tha entire length of' the trestle and it Is thought thu foundation thus provided will furmUU upport for the piling und insure Its remaining intact until such time us operations can again be resumed. There remains to be placed In the Jetty nearly 1,000,000 tons of stone be fore tho enrockment will be brought up to the required level. The United States dredge Chinook, formerly the commercial steamer "Mo hawk,' and later the Army transport Grant, was turned over to the Engi neer Deuartment and converted into a dredge, with two XO-inch pumps. She was first placed In commission on the btr In 1S04, working from May to No vember. Experience demonstrated that her draft was too great to allow of effective dredging and she was laid up at the Government moorings until Jan uary, 110, when a contract was made for removing her upper works, and making repairs to boilers and machin ery. These changes resulted in a ship having less draft and free board and better adapted to -the bar and weather conditions. Her " dredging ' capacity, however, was still too small to make any appreciable effect on tbo bar and it was not until two additional iO-inch Snake are canalized and freight can be barged down from the uppermost reaches to Portland. With this Im provement completed the ability or a steamer or tug to tow barges carrying a thousand tons, it needs no Imagina tion to perceive that freight rates to Portland will be established on such a basis as will make it pre-eminent as a market for the products of the upper country. With the lowest freight rates to Portland would naturally come the lowest freight rates from Portland, and once we have such rates the develop ment of Industries will take care of itself. It behooves, therefore, every citizen of Portland who is Interested in the growth of the city to work per sistently and incessantly for the im provement of the rivers. Let us work together, first, to Improve the Colum bia snd then to organize the upper country to build good roads to the river, and once that is accomplished we must work on the Willamette. When the Columbia end the Suake are open to navigation all the year round the Industries of Portland will not need developing the facilities for distribu tion will make them come almost with out further work on the part of our citizens. lyser River Seed Ievelozeat. With tho development of the upper reaches of the Willamette and the Co lumbia there must go hand in hand the development of the Lower Willam ette arrd Columbia. When the writer came to Portland some 39 odd years aio a steamer drawing 16 feet had dif flcultv coming up the Columbia and tbe Willamette. Today steamers draw ing Z5 feet can come up easily. This shows what intelligent, well-conducted Improvements can accomplish when they ar persistently prosecuted. We must have, to accommodate such steam ers as now bear th commerce of the ocaati. is feet of water in the river from the sea to Portland and 40 feet on th bar. It Is a mistake, to suppose that qe-vclua-iuj; ths UatCiv vii .lie lowtr river Active Work Now . Being Pushed on . North Side Unit Tramway 12,300 Feet Long Com pletedTo Provide for Continu ous Operations More Funds Are Needed. pumps were Installed that satisfactory results were observed. This was done In 114 and she was placed In commis sion In June of that year, and kept at work throughout tho Winter of 114-1915. most of tbe dredging, how ever, having been done inside the bar on different shoals. The completion of the Jetty is con sidered of greater importance than dredging, but the funds required to op erate the dredg as compared to the amount required for the Jetty are so small that a sufficient amount has been set aside for operating the Chinook during the coming season. The following table shows periods of operation and cubic yards of ma terial dredged by the Chinook: Cubic yard dred,c'd. On bar Instdtt'Lar May lo Novsmbrr. 104. .. asil.UM SKPUmber ta Dec. 1910, liny tu June, 1011 212.0SO July. lull, lo July a 1U1L' 44I1..WH .Tunc 10, to o. t. 1.1, IlilB 4s!l.r,7 July 1 to June 11.".. . I.1,HM ,7i0,.'-"5 July 1 to November, llu..1.utJ,ut;5 Total S.7S.liSS l,i5,5!.1 Vorry-Kot t'hanael Is toal. The latest partial survey of the bur. made In November, showed a govern ing depth of 35 feet in the dredgl" area, an Increase of about eight f- et Bine the north Jetty was started, and of 30 feet on the southerly entrance range. The conditions were never more fa vorable for a permanent channel of 40 feet or more, but it la safe to pre dict that the river and harbor bill will not be reached before the very last of this session of Congress, and that no further work can be done until about March II at the earliest, and the lo cations are that National defense !ttJ latlon will place the bill in serious Jeopardy. The whole Northwest la in terested In a deep bar channel, which it U believed by the Army engineers can be accomplished only by complet ing the Jetty. A campaign, it is urgf d. should be Btarted by all shipping ami commercial interests at once with a" view to Impressing; upon the Congres sional delegation the favorable indi cations for a permanent channel of 40 feet or more. Congress should not loi-o the chance of taking advantage of .these., conditions and while they exist, fur ther delay may result in the loss of the object for which so much money has already been spent. If tho river and harbor bill falls, the Sundry Civil bill should carry an item providing sufficient funds to continue construc tion. No one can say with certainty. while dredging Is being done simultaneously with the construction of the north Jetty to what extent dredging is as sisting the scour. It is a physical cer tainty, Tiowever. that the Jetties, by contracting the area over which the water flows, deepen the channel thus the paramount importance of the Jetty. This was illustrated throughout the construction of the first four and one half miles of the south Jetty, when no dredging was done and the channel increased from SI to 31 feet; also dur ing later years of the south Jetty ex tension when little material was dredged in comparison to the amount that was displaced through scour in duced by the Jetties. Is all that la necessary, because It is Just as imperative to develop the upper rivers in order eventually to give us that freight rale to which our locu tion entitles us. This is the one thing we must work for at all times. Noth ing will help so much to get those who are most deeply interested in Portland's success to work for the improvement of the waterways as investments in steamships, both for river traffic and deep sea traffic Some good work is being done along this line by people on the Lower Columbia who are build ing ocean-going lumber carriers, and It should be the aim of those who have money to Invest in Portland to put some of it into shipping of all sorts and descriptions, so that we may have tonnage registered in and owned in this port With ships owned and con trolled by Portland people, it educates the general public to the necessity of improvements In the rivers, and every body becomes Interested aud willing to help. Probably there has been no chance for profitable Investments In shipping lu tbe history of the modern world that equals today's opportunity, owing to the shortage occasioned by the war's destruction. The shipbuilding plants located In Portland and on the Lower Columbia probably will be busy for years in dy ing their share to Increase tho tonmiso of the world, and this will be of great benefit to the city, but still greater benefit would ensue if capital from Portland became interested in the ships themselves. With the development of the upper and the lower rivers one thiiiir certainly should occur, and that is Portland could not fall to become the greatest flour-milling center on the Pacifio Coast, possibly the greatest in tho country, and this alone is one object that is worth striving for. We have often been" told that it would be wise to stop trading in real estate and make Investments that would help build up the city and make real estate Intrinsically mor valuable, and this statement, while always true, certainly needs now to be impressed uu the .ubliu more than sver.-