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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 15, 1915)
PORTLAND, OREGON. Entered at Portland, Oregon, Postoffico as J second-claw matter. Subscription Rate Invariably In advance. -L By Mall.) (Sally, Sunday included, one year SS.00 (Xaiiy, Sunday included, six months 4.1io Xally, Sunday Included, three month... Z.Iii . Xally, Sunday included, one month. ..... .75 .Uaily. without tsunday, one year 8.00 , Daily, without Sunday, alx months .23 Diilly, without Sunday, three months... 1.7 Xiaily, without Sunday, one month...... .ftu "Weekly, one year , l.oo Sunday, one year li.50 fcunuay and Weekly, ona year S.iO By Carrier.) ' Daily. Sundav included- ona vear. 9.00 -Daily, Sunday Included, one month..... .73 "" Haw to rcmitnd Tmstofflc m on or ier, express urdar or personal check on your 'vai uua. rrin.t: coin or currency i sender's risk. Give postoffice address In V2ull, including county and state. Postage Kates 12 to IS pages, 1 cent; 18 to 32 pages. 2 cents; tt to 48 pages, 3 cents; ..0 to 00 pases, 4 cents; 62 to 7G pages. 5 :ents; 7$ to U2 pages, c cents. Foreign post .Fe, double rates. - Eastern Business Office Verree Conk ;ifn, Brunswick building, New York; Verree ,. & Conklin. ttteger building, Chicago; San rancisco representative, K. J. Bldwell, 742 l.Market street. ORTLASII, MO.MIAV, NOVEMBER 15, 19 IS CHEAT DEVELOl'MEM HAS BEGUN. Every day and from every source evidence accumulates that the United States has entered upon what Dun's - Review calls 'the greatest commer cial development in the history of the .country." This evidence consists not only in war orders but in great crops at high prices, larger sales of mer Tchandise, expanding exports of goods '.for peaceful uses in neutral as well . as belligerent countries, a rush of ' traffic which taxes facilities of rail roads and which bears fruit in higher earnings, activity of peace as well as ; war industries, banks overflowing ;with money to lend at low interest, .broadening demand for standard se-j-curities of railroads, industrials and ; public utilities. f. The present spreading activity is ' not due to the ephemeral traffic in ' war material. Railroad activity is not 'confined to the Atlantic seaboard, near which the munition factories are chiefly clustered; it extends through . out the West, where a second con 'secutive record-breaking crop is being : marketed and where in October the ? marketing of grain was the largest on " record. This Western traffic does not all move in one direction, for there is enough merchandise and miscella neous freight going into the farming states to load trains both ways. Pitts burg informs the New York Evening -Post that the steel trade "is booking rbusiness from domestic consumers for pursuit of the arts of peace" and that "-"business in war steel is not the larger "part now." The conservative New 1'ork Financial Chronicle says that "trade revival stimulated by war or ders is no longer confined to special industries, but is being so diffused that its quickening influence is being : lelt in the country's great transporta tion arteries." Expansion of our foreign commerce, 'entirely aside from the new and pure ly temporary trade in war material, : has already well begun, as the fol lowing "figures furnished by the Com merce Department will show as to divisions of the world which are con cerned only slightly in the war: Imports. Division of world Sept.. 1914 Sept.. 1015. North America $41, 4:10.422 $40.Si4.653 South America 15.S58.234 o0,or2,705 .Asia 19.2S.f.6:l 31.50:1,3X4 Oceania 5.OS0.018 r.912,179 Africa S8U.947 2.011.172 Exports. Division of world Sept.. 1014. Sept.. 1915. North America $41,030,043 $00,865,438 South America 8.28S.8M . 10.0:13,717 Asia 7,033.204 11.059.200 Oceania 7,474,210 8, 634, 981 Africa 2.245,505 3,067.093 Much of the trade which we have gained with these countries is doubt less due to Europe's inability to sup ply it. a large part oi tms gain, as well as that with Europe in goods other than war materials, will doubt less be lost after the war unless our manufacturers and merchants exert themselves successfully to please their new customers. Foreign orders for war material will also cease, for the belligerents will replenish their stocks from home factories, but the United States Government will fur nish business for several years while laying in the reserve supply provided for in the defense programme. But independent of the new foreign commerce which has come to us as a result of the war. such a revival of business as we now experience was already overdue. It is therefore in large part healthy, and explains the breadth and activity of the stock mar ket, these being natural consequences of industrial and commercial pros perity. During the first five months after the outbreak of war the stock market was closed and newly pro duced capital could not find invest ment. It is now breaking loose like a pent up flood. The process of recuperation after the panic of 1907 was about com- 'Tiave begun then, but was delayed by jthe Balkan War, by tariff and other : legislation and by rear of the greater conflict which has since begun. The ; worst has now happened and the re vival is pouring wealth into our cof fers, leaving a greater surplus than ;cver for investment. Moreover, the American is the only great investment market now open to the whole world. In the meantime prosperity grows with accelerated pace, whatever its source and however long its destined duration. The excess of exports for October is estimated at $294,000,000 as compared with J146.34S.919 in September and with X174.6S2.478 in February. 1915. that being the record month. Railroad earnings in October are expected to show much greater increases than those in September. October also shows a record produc tion of pig iron, record bank cleulngs , and record National bank deposits. New money is being made in great volume, and a large surplus must find i investment. CORX FOB WEALTH. According to a bulletin Just issued by the Department of Agriculture, the corn crop this year is 3,090,509,000 bushels. All records are broken save that for the year 1912. These figures appear more stupendous when -we re member that they show a yield of nearly a billion bushels in excess of the 1900 crop, which was a record breaker up to that time. The wheat yield for this season is also a wonderful crop, amounting to 1.000. 000.000 hiLvhi Tt i. . record for that cereal. The crop of last year amounted to 896,000,000 bushels. From the corn statistics the people jof Oregon have much to encourage them. In sections of the country where corn is king prosperity usually awaits the labors or the farmers. In recent years Oregon has been making great advances in the production of corn. Twenty years or less ago any man who' suggested that good corn in ' A paying quantities could be grown in Oregon would have been derided. Now it is known that Oregon can raise as good corn in many localities as is produced in the world and in quantities per acre in excess of the average of the United States. In this, the beet year ever known, the yield is 28.3. The average for the last ten years was 26.6. 'in Malheur, Douglas, Josephine, Jackson, Union, Wallowa. Umatilla in any one of twenty Ore gon counties one may find corn averaging far In excess of 30 bushels to the acre. In many cases it runs well over 100. bushels. The farmers of this state are on the right road when they give their at tention to growing corn and to feeding it to cattle, sheep and hogs. It is true there is something the matter with the meat market now, but the condition is what might be called arti ficial. . But the farmer who will sticlr. to corn and turn it into meat will be as sure to succeed as any business man in tne country. Of course thin does not apply to every portion of uregon put to mighty near all of it KB-BW OF KALAMAZOO. It is wonderful how constant famil iarity with harmonious sound pro motes a love of euphfony. Mr. Marvin Fauzdick resides In Kalamazoo. It will be readily understood that any one who is compelled to write "Kala mazoo" or speak the word a dozen times daily will soon become a lover of musical sounds. But not everybody in Kalamazoo has the enterprise of Mr. Fauzdick. That gentleman has made himself distinguished by pro posing to let the whole country con stantly enlov the nleasnrea nf mint acoustics. "The United States" is an awkward name for this great and glorious Na tion, says the rjronhet of k'alamn?' The word "American" is not a definite term for a citizen of the country, while "United Stateser" is obviously out of the question. So Mr. Fauzdick PrODOSeS a constitutional mtinrlm .i n 1 changing the name of the United oiates io' "lte-Dur." The citizens thereof would then be called "Ke bins," and the language would be known as "Ke-blsh." Beinjr a lover of the henntifiil nni always in favor of progress and re form, The Oregonian is glad to call attention to Mr. Fanzdicfc'H nmno- ganda. We wish him success with the oest Ke-oisn at our command. Here's to the first Ke-bin ot Kalamazoo, Ive-bur: AX EXPERIMENT IX MATHEMATICS. An election of Citv Commissioner at Ashtabula, Ohio, early in the month is heralded as the first ampli cation of proportional representation in tne united States. In the sense that it was accompanied by all the mathematical frills and complications or exact proportional representation perhaps the honor is iustlv awarrlerl Oregon, however, had previously tried out the system in simple form in the election of party delegates to National conventions. Ashtabula clings to the partisan type of city government and elects seven Commissioners who in turn ap point a manager. The voter mav pi. press several choices, but unlike the Portland preferential system, where he may cast second and thicd choices for as many candidates as there s to elect, the Ashtabula voter may vote a. iirst cnoice tor Dut one of the seven, a second choice for one, a third choice for another, and so on. In determinine- the result, the total number of votes cast is divided by eignt. ir the quotient is, say 100, then any candidate who has received 100 first-choice votes is elected. If a candidate receives an excess of 100 votes the surplus is transferred in ac cordance with the voters' secnnrl- choice expressions to those candidates not elected on the first count. Votes cast for candidates who are found out of the running are then transferred to the third-choice column and cred ited to candidates in accordance with the Way electors Voted. Whenever In the process of transfer of votes a quota (100 in this Illustration) is obtained for any candidate he is de clared elected, and the count con tinues until the places are all filled. this election was held November 2. Whether the canvassing board has yet completed the computations or whether Ashtabula has enough minev to pay for the work, are matters of news mat have not yet percolated to the Far West. But of what consid eration are time and money If politi cal contentment and economy 'and efficiency are obtained by their ex penditure? Meanwhile Oregon has abandoned its experiment in nrnnnr. tional representation. One applica tion of the principle produced the prettiest row politicians had seen in many days. ' - ienocnctnj mars. Peace propagandists throughout the country who have banded toegther In organizations have determined to con tinue their assaults on grim old Mars. They will denounce the barbarous practice of organized slaughter and oppose preparedness in this country in no uncertain way. This, it is con tended by such pacifists as Jor dan and Bryan, is the time to drive home the lesson of war's futility and war's horrible cruelty. The object lessons of the European war. as thev see them, are found in the wanton slaughter of millions. There is nothing new in such a campaign. The cruelty and barbarity of war are admitted. Men of war have been loudest in proclaiming its vice. Sherman's tribute to war is well known. Grant saw in wars a fearful calamity which visited its greatest suffering upon the producing, classes. w ellington exclaimed that one day or warfare sufficed to make the sol dier pray to God that no such sight might be seen again. The next most dreadful thing to a battle loot was a battle won, he said. Even Napoleon classified war as the business of bar barians. The world's most virile writers have denounced war in the harshest terms. Shakespeare saw war as the "son of hell whom angry heavens do make their minister." Fielding denounced armed conflict as the sink of all in justice. Byron branded war as the feast of vultures and the waste of life. Channing proclaimed war the concen tration of all human crimes. There is an ancient and oft-repeated Ger man proverb that war leaves the country with three armies an army of cripples, an army of mourners and an army of thieves. Machiavelli as serted that whoever makes war his profession cannot be otherwise than vicious. And so the indictment may be rolled np indefinitely. The very aenunoi&tions that our peace prapa- gandists are uttering today have their counterparts In the writings of past ages and generations. So there, has been no lack of exploi tation and publicity on the vie of armed conflict. Man has never lacked the conscience and moral sense to see the Iniquity of war. But he, has lacked the capacity to establish inhibitions against the occurrence and recurrence of war. Perhaps, as we all must hope, man's moral sense will develop to a point where he can settle his dif ferences peaceably. But that hope finds no definite form in the civiliza tion of the world today. To borrow a phrase, it is a condition not a theory that confronts us. When peace does come It will be the product, we sus pect, of a complete adjustment of the world's economic afrairs and not in any measure through the siren songs of such yodelers as Bryan and Jordan. As may be noted from the Quotations. much abler men have tried already to preach us into peaceful ways without the slightest measure of success. TWO EMPIRES OX RATIONS. Promulgation of new and stringent food regulations in Germany gives rise to the opinion that a shortage exists more serious than that which confronted the empire last Winter. Suppression of a number or Austrian newspapers for discussing the food situation implies that the dual mon archy is no better supplied. Germany contrived to live through last Winter on the good crop of .1914 supplemented by accumulated sup plies from abroad and by food cap tured In Belgium, .though restriction of sales was found necessary. This year every available acre was planted, but only the potato crop is above nor mal. Prohibition of the sale of meat on certain days implies that domestic supplies are running low and that the blockade has prevented imports on the needed scale. Activity of British submarines in the Baltic Sea seems to have prevented Sweden from shipping much of the grain and meat which probably went from this country to Norway for transfer by rail to Swed ish ports. The German arny may have hoped to capture much grain and meat in territory conquered from Russia, but the Russians seem to have laid waste the country so thoroughly as to leave little sustenance for the invaders. Berlin reports say that Bul garia had sold her surplus to Greece before engaging in the war. Rou manla has a large surplus, but Austria is likely to lay first claim to it as it passes up the Danube. Government regulation of food prices, taken in connection with news paper comments, implies that specu lators and agrarians have been boost ing prices until the poor began to protest so effectively as to force ac tion. In the early months of the war prices were permitted to regulate themselves, the government expecting that their rise would check consump tion, but the event proved that high profits' and high wages of those who were engaged in munition industries enabled them to live as before with out economy and that earnings of the rest of the population did not in crease in the same ratio as prices. Thus a contrast arose between the luxury of the rich and the straitened circumstances of the poor which bred discontent. Hence the government practically puts the nation on rations and proclaims maximum prices. To predict starvation in Germany would be extravagant, but the people are evidently on short allowance ef some staple articles of food and are not free to eat what they please. Though less information comes from Austria, the same situation doubtless exists there. As the blockade be comes stricter by stopping leaks through neutral countries, the two empires will be thrown more com pletely on their own resources. Their best male population is withdrawn from production and cannot find a full substitute in the women, old men. boys and prisoners of war. Next year a crop may be raised in Poland, Cour land and Serbia, if the Teutons can keep their grip on those countries, but food animals seem to be scarce and another year of war may convert the people of the two empires forcibly to vegetarianism. PROFIT IX POETS. Fifteen hundred poets are mourn ing the loss of t golden eagle,, each through the unsophisticated pursuit" of evanescent literary fame. Some as tute Wallingford capitalized their as pirations, and by well-directed wiles reaped a harvest of $15,0"o0, which now" reposes to his credit in a New York vault while he reposes in a dif ferent sort of vault with a penal term before him. Strange as it may seem, one of those dreaming poets whom he victimized had common sense enough to realize that he had been duped, and the matter was called to the atten tion or the authorities. Following in quiry among the victims, some sixty six or the disillusioned ones have sig nified their willingness to prosecute. The incident - is significant only as Indicating the volume of poetic ambi tion which exists in the country. Not that 1500 is a hundredth part of the army of American poets -and writers of short stories, novels, plays, scena rious, treatises, essays, critiques and epics. Every editor or a magazine or newspaper knows that the number is! greater than 1500 in any single com-j munity or double that population. Nor is it surprising that a single crook could get in touch with 1500 in a few weeks who were willing to put up real money in order to enter a poem writing contest. Payment of an en trance fee of 110 must indicate that the entryman has some little confi dence in his ability as a writer. But the average tyro invariably is certain that he possesses the genius of a mas ter in embryo. Work and recognition are needed to develop these qualities of mind and soul. After knocking in vain at the editorial doors of the rec ognized and established 'mediums of expression, it is inevitable that the persistent writer seek some method of forcing his way past the cruel bar riers of neglectand Indifference which he fancies have been interposed by heartless editors and publishers. When in this frame of mind the writer is an easy victim for any con fidence plan that gives promise of a secret trail into the realm of recog nition. Readers and rewriters of poems have been preying on these folk these many years. Professional agents for unknown writers ride in limousines-and travel abroad on their profits. They agree to sell the writ ings of the unknown and hopeless on a percentage basis, plus a small fee of from S3 to 35 for handling. It is unnecessary to say that they make nothing in commissions from sales, but wax exceeding fat on the fees! All of which is entirely legitimate, at least so far as the law is concerned, although a conscientious and honest person might hesitate to take fees from writers whose productions were so manifestly without merit that no editor would -ever be tempted to buy. In view of this rich field of ex ploitation, it seems somewhat sur prising that there should be resort to Illegal methods of filching from the literarv tvros of the pAiinln Whw stage a fake poem contest and obtain money by false pretenses when such a rich field lies open as that of free lance "publisher's agent". If those who are writing knew the true conditions they would spend no money with these exploiters of their ambitions. To find the way into the editorial sanctum there Is no medium more effective than the humble and inexpensive postage stamp. The pub lisher's agent is useful only to the es tablished or qualified writer. His stufr being saleable, the agent exacts better prices from the editor than might be paid otherwise. He does this by placing a maximum price on a good story or poem and offering it to an editor who wants Just such a pro duction and who will pay the price rather thah have the work taken to a competitor. Contrary to the general belief, magazine editors are on the alert for meritorious matter. Good stories are as rare as flawless gems. The staffs of paid readers are continually on the alert for a good story by a new writer. To make such a discovery is a. feather in the reader's cap. It is the aspiration of every reader and every editor to uncover some budding genius or some writer who can pro duce readable copy. So the reason that the average novice gets his stories and poems back time after time Is found in the lack of merit of his works. . Too many men and women are engaged In trying to write who know nothing of life and its meaning. Too many seek to write who do not possess adequate knowl edge of the English language. Those persons are doomed to failure and dis appointment. Their manuscripts will return with the polite but colorless printed slip appended Just as often as they are forwarded. The only way they can hope to avoid the disheart ening experience is through the ex pediency of failing to enclose return postage. Then their stories will fin a reposing place In the editorial waste basket. Which is the part of wisdom Tor those who will never be able to produce saleable matter. They will 6ave themselves many pangs, not to mention considerable sums. Since it costs from four to eight cents to send a manuscript and an equal amount to safeguard its return, the proline tyro' Is under quite an expense in providing for its return. The printed slip should not be set down as cruel. It serves a great and enlightened purpose by finally dis couraging those who are not equipped by temperament and education for a literary career. If editors were in the habit of sending kindly letters to all, the hopeless writer would not be disillusioned so soon, and both Unio and energy would be lost by all con cerned. As to the possibility of dis couraging some writer of undeveloped possibilities it can't be done. The writer of true talents and inherent capacity cannot be discouraged. He will persist. Jack London claims to have sent out more than a thousand manuscripts before one was accepted. Other successful writers have well filled trunks of manuscripts rejected in those days when they were train ing their immature muses to fly. In days of success these manuscripts fre quently are worked over, although some writers never resurrect them ex cept in wonderment that they should have been guilty of auch literary atrocities. Of course the readers and publish ers are not infallible. Many a work of genius has gone the rounds undis covered. There is a tendency on the Part of American publishers to hew to the beaten paths. Yet the writer of merit gains discovery and appre ciation in the end. Leastwise the printed slips do not discourage him He writes because he must write In the meantime, it Is the literary unfit who abandon the work and are elimi nated by discouragement from a pur suit ror which they are not qualified or equipped. Turkeys are plentiful in Eastern Oregon this year and growers expect to realize 18 and 20 cents. The up lands turkey feeds on grasshoppers and has more of the flavor of the wild bird, which is the best eating on earth. . If the Government can catch the higher-ups who are, responsible for destruction of munition factories and ships it will accomplish some real good. Capture of the tools is almost useless, for new tools can be found. - Sa.milel flnmnAM i. . i . . . ociljvs Liie senti ments of the level-headed working- ....... " "en ne utx.-ia.res tor prepared ness and for a tariff commission, for they are most interested in National security and business stability. - A special officer who made it a business to loot the stores he was hired to watch and, accumulate the goods in his home is not a thief with criminal intent so much as he Is a human wood rat. In deciding an Indian is amenable to the riror n f the n . Judge Hamilton lifts a heap of bur- uc irum tne snouiaers or the squaw. What an idvllin scone ihgf v,.. have been for the Maryland farmers the President and Mrs. Gait pic nicking in a secluded lane. In reappointing Dr. Steiner the State Board of Control did the most graceful act In its history, based wholly on merit. ir Portland were not having some kind of a seven-by-nine strike all the time, the wheels In the labor organ would get rusty. Gompers. favors a powerful navy and an adequate standing army, and looks for universal peace. He knows the combination. Mr. Dieck's views against changing the name of Yamhill street coincide with those of most of the people. T. R. may object to calling Bryan "the Roosevelt of the Democratic party," and surely Brian will. The Land Show was so much worth while one hates to think it is over. Evidently the merchants need somebody to watch the watchmen. Portland's next bTSTevent will be destruction of turkey in ten days. A few inches of snow would be a joke on the jitneys. It is a strange deacon that does not know his own cow. A Honey day will about fill the list of special days. How to Keep Well By Dr. W. A. Evans. , Stkoelhsue Sanitation. This department is frequently asked questions relating to the hygiene of school buildings. The United" States Bureau of Education has just Issued a bulletin on "Schoolhouse Sanitation: A Study of the Laws and Regulations Gov erning the Hygiene and Sanitation of Schoolhouses," by W. A. Cook. This bulletin makes it plain that many peo ple know that sanitation of scholhouses is important, but that there is nowhere near an agreement, at least among members of the different Legislatures, s to the best methods to pursue. Six states forbid spitting on school room floors. Minnesota and North Da kota specify that schools shall be pro vided with foot scrapers and cocoa or steel mats. As to the-frequency of cleaning of schoolroom floors, some states provide that the floors shall be swept dally. An occasional provision is desks, wains coting, window sills and blackboards must be washed daily with a l-to-2000 solution of bichloride or a 3 per cent solution of carbolic acid. Montana pro vides for thorough scrubbing and clean ing every three months. North Da kota requires that each schoolhouse shall be disinfected every 30 days ex cept during vacation. Louisiana re quire) disinfection before the begin ning of each school session. Pennsyl vania requires fumigation every two weeks. Wisconsin requires that sweep ing shall be done by vacuum cleaners. Before each school term the school house is to be thoroughly cleaned. Indiana condemns dry sweeping. In diana. Louisiana, Texas and Virginia require that cleaning be postponed until after school hours. Indiana for bids the cleaning of blackboards and erasers by the pupils or by 'anybody else during school hours. Texas re quires that before sweeping the floors shall be sprinkled with an approved disinfectant, saturated sawdust pre ferred. Virginia requires the use of damp sawdust or damp paper, but does not demand the use of a disinfectant. A few states require extraordinary cleaning and disinfecting of school rooms upon the discovery of contagion among the students. Scarlet fever, diphtheria and smallpox among stu dents of a school will cause disinfec tion of the building in three states, measles in two. infantile paralysis, meningitis and plague in one. Indiana and Michigan require that the room in which the sick child belongs shall be fumigated. The other states call for treatment of the entire building. Where gaseous fumigation is required for maldehyde is generally specified. The liquid disinfectant specified in most cases is 1 to 200 bichloride. Gallstone Pains. S. E. W. writes: "Is there anything one may take or do to relieve or pre vent the severe pains in the stomach and region of the gall bladder, which one doctor (out of many) claims is due to gallstones? Patient has never been able to take an anesthetic, owing to a weak heart, which sems to preclude an operation. Manages to "keep up' most of the time and is very active (and, of course, of a nervous temperament)." REPLY. Gall stone pain attacks cease coming after a while in most cases. No medicine except powerful sedative elves relief. Every gall stone cure is a r&nk fake. It you need op eration I am sure you can be operated on. People with weak nearts stand anesthetics well. Have you considered operation under anocl-aesociatioa anesthesia? . How to Shrink Tonsils. A. J. T.. of Boston, writes: "T have a young man In mind, 35 years old, who has had constant pains in his tonsils since he was 14. His tonsils are large, and in vain I have tried to have him go and have them examined. Now is there any way they can be treated and shrunk, and, if so, what can he use to do so? He always uses listerine as a mouth wash, but to me his tonsils seem over large." REPLY. Massairlng the tonsils relieves many cases. In some the crypts can be emptied by pres sure or suction. In some cases loosening the adhesions around the tonsils causes them to shrink. I do not think this gentleman will set any benefit from a listerine wash. Too Mack Soda Bad. S. W. B. writes: "Will you kindly advise whether baking soda taken, one teaspoonful three times a day, is harm ful, or will It leave any bad effects?" REPLY. Yes. Quit overeating;. Always Some Dana-cr. M. M. writes: "Will chloroform for an operation tend to injure a strong, healthy baby seven months old?" REPLY. Chloroform anesthesia Is never free from danger. There are circumstances under which operation under chloroform anesthesia is the lesser of the two evils. If no ill ef fects develop within a few days after the use of the anesthetic there will be none. Sleeping on Stotnttcn. W. T. writes: "Would sleeping on the stomach 'tend to reduce adipose tissue there and would it injure the intes tines to place a pillow under the stom ach and lie on it in a way that much of the body weight would be on the stomach? REPLY. To Bleep face downward with a pillow un der the abdomen will not injure the intes tines. It will not have mach effect on obesity. How will you keep in that posi tion? . . . Child Keeda Treatment. M. L. G. writes: "I have a daughter1 4 years old. and she seems extremely slow in talking. I have had the doctor examine her. and he says she will talk all right. We talk to her constantly, and we let her out with the children; but she seems unable to get to the talk. She can understand everything said to her, and her memory is wonderful. She Is a strong child, but she is a little nervous, and she has & bad temper. .What would you advise me to do to get her to talk?" REPLY. You should have her examined by a chil dren's specialist and. better still, by one who has had experience with backward chilr dren. Talk it over with your physician ana set his advice as to whom to take her. It is not good Judgment to trust to luck In this matter. RETLY TO S. R. It is safe to say that no "nerve tonics and tablets" are gf any help in nervousness. Remedying Obesity. r Mrs. A. writes: "Kindly look over the Inclosed literature and tell me If you know anything of that method of treat ing obesity. (1) Is it harmful? 2) Is it true. If one reduces successfully with obesity cures, that, as a consequence, they will be overburdened with flesh in later years? (3) Are Turkish baths, taken in a cabinet in the home, suc cessful in reducing weight? (4) I can not diet and exercise, as the more I ex ercise the hungrier I get. I do my own cooking, and it Is hard for me to stay hungry with food all around me." REPLY 1. The circulars inclosed are typical. The man Is a faker. The letter Is a typical follow-up letter. The guarantee is no guaran tee at all. It contains TOO words and is foil of loopholes. No. .1. They are of some service. 4. "Unless you can develop enough will power to control your hunger you must stay fat. Talk: of the Gratefwl Child. Christian Herald. "So your father now gets 112 ' a week," said Judge TThler to the daugh ter of the wife-beater he had paroled. "And how much does he put away every pay night?" "Not less than three quarts." said the grateful child. AIM IS AT WASTE! BV WKALTHY ti""""3r Not Short of Food, hot 3'erely Kqualislnsr Economic Condition. PORTLAND, Nov. 14. (To the Edi tor.) News articles like the one en titled "All Germany Put On Short Ra tions" made me feel so uneasy last Spring about my sisters living In Ger many, that I had no rest until I had been there and had seen how conditions were with them. They were not in need but were needed. Thinking that there might be others in my circum stances, I will ask you to publish the following: After I was convinced that my sis ters were not In need. I made a tour or observation through Germany and part of Austria. 1 left Braunschweig, my Place of birth, traveled through Cen tral Germany to Frankfort and to Karlsruhe, to Basel back to Maunheim and again to Basel through Switzerland to Llndau. from there to Munich, then to Vienna. Brun, Breslau. Posen, Thorn. Lyk, Koenigsberg, Berlin, Magdeburg, Braunschweig, Hanover, Cologne. Aachen, (Alx la Chapelle). Essen. Dus seldorf, Crefeld to Rotterdam. I stayed In, hotels where I paid 2 marks and in others where I paid 1 marks per day. I have eaten meals for 60 pfennigs and have paid 3 marks per meal. I traveled second class and traveled fourth class on the railway. I visited well-to-do acquaintances and stopped with poor agricultural laborers, but need I did not find. Luxury and waste were eliminated as much as possible, but the necessities of life were everywhere to be had. Out of my experience I can exilain the purpose of the law your news item refers to. One. of my sisters, who lives in the country, showed me a circular sent by the city admonishing them to save the grease from the dishwater, with the remark that there was very little grease to be saved from potato soup or dishwater. Another instruc tive incident I had with my other sister, who lives six miles from Magde burg. She raises garden truck, sells it in Magdeburg and brings kitchen refuse home for hog feed. I bsw among this refuse sandwiches half rye, half wheat bread, with ham which had never been touched. Now, both the sandwiches and the advice about dish water grease came from larger cities, and to stop this waste and give to poorer people more of the good things were the reasons that the German gov ernment stepped in and by law made it impossible for people with money to deprive the people without money of the good things to eat. There was a good harvest of every thing, and I can assure everybody that there Is no more distress as far as liv ing is concerned now than at any other time. WILLIAM ISENSEE. 414 Broadway. IKCREASE I?T PRISOX POPTTLATIOX Correspondent Puts Blame on Depar ture Fran Jefferson last Principle. PORTLAND, Nov. 14. (To the Ed itor.) I notice that Governor Withy combe is concerned about the apparent increase of prisoners at the peniten tiary and is looking about for a solu tion of this great evil and seeking a remedy. It seems a little peculiar. Indeed, in a country where we make our own laws and elect officers to enforce them, that too many of us are getting in jaiL but what can we expect in face of the fact that the Oregon statutes- regulating human conduct are like hotel sheets nine feet long. For some years it appears to have been the business of the Legislature, backed up by public sentiment, to enact laws limiting human conduct In many particulars. In addition to this, we have a spasm of law enforcement. The state has offered large rewards for the arrest and conviction of persons for al leged violations of law. I think most reasonable people will agree with me that there are many more running at large that might be arrested and con victed and confined in the penitentiary. I think, also, that most of the older residents of the state know that in earlier times criminals and those who were dangerous to be at large were ar rested, prosecuted and sent to Jail. It meant something in those days to be sent to prison, and by reason of that fact juries were careful about convict ing, but under the present humani tarian system and parental supervi sion, it doesn't amount to very much to go to jail. A convict's life is in many respects more pleasant than that of the ordinary citizen on the outside. It is not the purpose of this article to criticise the humanitarian methods of penal institutions, but on the other hand a citizenship which has not inde pendence enough to avoid and look with horror upon the jail sentence, is not conducive to good government. Crim inals who are dangerous to be at large should be confined, all others should be at large. The crowded condition of the penitentiary of which the Governor complains, is simply the result of the principle that the best government governs most. There was a time when we believed that the best government governed least, and left the individual to exercise his own conscience with respect to his conduct. But we are no longer satisfied with this principle. On every hand the sentiment appears to be growing and developing that the in dividual must be lost sight of in the consideration of the common welfare. Let us then go on enacting laws and advocating the rigid enforcement thereof, and without question we shall be able to keep the penitentiary well supplied with inmates, and will be en abled from year to year to enlarge and expand the institution until we will have a large proportion of our citizen ship confined therein. TNARGTIBROC. LOW JIXKS OX FROST PLATFORM Passengers' Diversion as Well as Con versation With Hotonsis DanserdDi. PORTLAND, Nov. 14. (To the Edi tor.) As you will see from inclosed copy of Watts Watt, the company has just got an inkling that the motorman requires the full strength of his facul ties in the execution of bis duties, and that any diversion at his end of the car in the shape of conversation, wordy warfare, quartets, pushing or wrest ling bouts, one or other of which di versions Is more often than not in full swing is liablo to distract his atten tion and thereby endanger the lives of outsiders and likewise insiders. I presume it Is the prospect of Mayor Albee making it a punishable offense to talk to the motorman that has caused the company to draw the pub lic's attention to the danger involved by using the motor end of the car for low jinks. About nine .months ago, after an accident on the Woodstock line, when a. boy had both legs cut off and subse quently died, I wrote a letter (which you kindly-published) drawing atten tion to the very reprehensible state of affairs, as regards the use of the motor end of the car, but my letter met with no backing and consequently scant suc cess. I sincerely trust that -Mayor Albee will carry his idea through and com pel the company to enforce their rule, "Do not speak to the motorman." and the only way to insure the enforce ment is to exclude the public from that end of the car. While I have the subject of cars on the tapis I should like to draw atten tion to the- dangerous practice that some conductors have of starting the car before the passenger has even a decent foothold on the step, let alone the platform. Twice recently I have had a close call of wallowing in the mud on my back. F. BAYARD. Its. CATHLAMET. Wash., Nov. 13. (To the Editor.) Would you please tell me through your columns if 1916 is leap year? G, il. Twenty-five Years Ago. From The Oregonian of November 15 1S0. Major Handbury. United States Engi neer, returned yesterday from a visit to Cascade Locks. The heavy masonry is being put in and the work is in Just a. condition that it takes lota of money to keep it going. The excavation is now down to bedrock. Excavating Is going on at the south east corner of Third and G streets for a. large brick building which Henry W einhard is going to erect there. Classes in the gymnasium at the Young Men's Christian Association w-iil be organized tonight under the di rection of Henry A. Townsend. physical director. S. G. Reed a day or two since made a visit to Broadmead. the 3000-acre farm up the valley that he owns in conjunc tion with W. S. Ladd. A great many people have gone on a wild goose chase, and yesterday several had one after a tame goose. The big bird was seen flying up Washington, street and at Fourth it wheeled grace fully downtown.- Half a dozen China men started chasing after it with scoops, nets and long poles with hooks on the ends. They chased and they ran., but the goose was never found. Mrs. Mattie Hull will deliver & lec ture on "The Unwritten Law" at Elks Hall tonight. Weather on the Sound has been very disagreeable for some time, owing to a very dense fog that has prevailed con tinuously. A party from the East who had been trying to see the cities on the Sound for two weeks but was unable to see anything came over here Thursday and was delighted to find the atmos phere clear, the sun shining brightly, and in fact regular Indian Summer weather. - - Half Century Ago. Frrm the Oreuonlon of November 15. 1SS5. The steamship Active, due on Sunday night from Victoria, had not arrived up to the time of our going to press last evening. Her detention may be owing to a rough bar at the mouth of the Columbia. t ... The first election for the officers of the Mechanics Institute Association will be held this evening at the Common Council chamber. Rev. Dr. Wythe, president of the Wil lamette University, arrived in the citv last evening and will lecture this even ing in the First Methodist Church. We understand he has the materials and will exhibit the magnesium light lately discovered and which we pre sume to say has never been seen by any person in, Portland. Testerday a couple or covies from Oregon City drove into Portland re gardless of toll gates, the, lives of pe destrians, or the condition of the team, and. after dashing furiously about the streets for a time, were thrown from the vehicle. Officers . Saunders and Vv ard, who were making an effort to arrest the fast drivers, caught the horses and placed them in the keeping of Messrs. Quimby and Turpin and then locked the violators of decency up In jail. ' . The ordinances of the City of Port land have been codified by the Citv Attorney and published in accordance with an order of the Council, approved on the sixth of February last. The citv charter and an act to regulate the Fire Department of the city are printed with the ordinances. We are informed by President Marsh, of Pacific University, that O. G. Har pending has been appointed professor of natural science at that university. Professor Harpending is a graduate of Rutgers College and is spolten of as a highly accomplished scholar. . Why Pride la Indian Bloadr ' BAKER, Or.. Nov. 13. (To the Ed itor.) The American people ' discoun tenance marriage or the: mixing of blood with the negro. Chinese, Japa nese, Hindus and Asiatics generally, some or whom are as highly civilized, educated and as wealthy as the best of Americans. Some states forbid by law such unions; yet it appears that some of our very prominent society people claim to have a strain of American In dian blood in their veins and are proud of that fact Surely the Indian skin Is no whiter than the Asiatic, and. surely, his condition as to civilization, education and wealth does not begin to compare with that Of the Asiatic. - The query Is. why is the mixing of the white American " with the Asiatic considered undesirable a disgrace' In fact when the part white American with Indian blood In his veins is o proud of that mixed blood, for In stance, the people Who claim descent from the Indian .Pocahontas? J.JOHNSON. Postal Regwlatfons mm to Newspapers. BAKER CITY, Or., Nov: 13. (To the Editor.) Is there any postal regula tion as to how much advertising a newspaper shall carry to be mailed at newspaper rates?. If so, what per cent of their space may they use for advertising? - . A SUBSCRIBER. The postal laws and regulations do not mention a specific percentage of news matter or advertising . that may be carried in a newspaper, but will not admit as second class matter "publica tions designed primarily for advertis ing purposes." The question . of whether a publication is so designed "will be determined in each case, from the evidence." The Postmaster, will furnish pamphlet (Form 3600) which gives complete laws governing news papers in connection with second class mail. NO. ; THE DALLES. Or., Nov. 13: (To the Editor.) Will you please Inform mc through The Oregonian if it is neces sary to pass a medical examination in order to be married in California? A. & B. Grace and Breakfast. London Punch. Mother "Now, Billy, say grace after your breakfast." Billy "Finks for my b'ekfast.' Mother "Oh. Billy; that wasn't much of a grace." Billy "Well, it wasn't much of a b'ekfast." - The Secretary to Society A great novelist once said of him self: "I am the Secretary to So ciety." How true such a statement would be of the modern daily newspaper? The newspaper is the medium that sees "events as they trans pire" and sets their history down in black and white. People t-irn to the newspaper to keep in touch with the world and its work. To miss It Is to lose a day. -' .Naturally they turn to news papers when 'they have wants to fill. That Is why newspaper adver tising brings such immediate and definite results.