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ORTLASII, MO.MIAV, NOVEMBER 15, 19 IS
CHEAT DEVELOl'MEM HAS BEGUN.
Every day and from every source
evidence accumulates that the United
States has entered upon what Dun's
- Review calls 'the greatest commer
cial development in the history of the
.country." This evidence consists not
only in war orders but in great crops
at high prices, larger sales of mer
Tchandise, expanding exports of goods
'.for peaceful uses in neutral as well
. as belligerent countries, a rush of
' traffic which taxes facilities of rail
roads and which bears fruit in higher
earnings, activity of peace as well as
; war industries, banks overflowing
;with money to lend at low interest,
.broadening demand for standard se-j-curities
of railroads, industrials and
; public utilities.
f. The present spreading activity is
' not due to the ephemeral traffic in
' war material. Railroad activity is not
'confined to the Atlantic seaboard,
near which the munition factories are
chiefly clustered; it extends through
. out the West, where a second con
'secutive record-breaking crop is being
: marketed and where in October the
? marketing of grain was the largest on
" record. This Western traffic does not
all move in one direction, for there is
enough merchandise and miscella
neous freight going into the farming
states to load trains both ways. Pitts
burg informs the New York Evening
-Post that the steel trade "is booking
rbusiness from domestic consumers for
pursuit of the arts of peace" and that
"-"business in war steel is not the larger
"part now." The conservative New
1'ork Financial Chronicle says that
"trade revival stimulated by war or
ders is no longer confined to special
industries, but is being so diffused
that its quickening influence is being
: lelt in the country's great transporta
tion arteries."
Expansion of our foreign commerce,
'entirely aside from the new and pure
ly temporary trade in war material,
: has already well begun, as the fol
lowing "figures furnished by the Com
merce Department will show as to
divisions of the world which are con
cerned only slightly in the war:
Imports.
Division of world Sept.. 1914 Sept.. 1015.
North America $41, 4:10.422 $40.Si4.653
South America 15.S58.234 o0,or2,705
.Asia 19.2S.f.6:l 31.50:1,3X4
Oceania 5.OS0.018 r.912,179
Africa S8U.947 2.011.172
Exports.
Division of world Sept.. 1014. Sept.. 1915.
North America $41,030,043 $00,865,438
South America 8.28S.8M . 10.0:13,717
Asia 7,033.204 11.059.200
Oceania 7,474,210 8, 634, 981
Africa 2.245,505 3,067.093
Much of the trade which we have
gained with these countries is doubt
less due to Europe's inability to sup
ply it. a large part oi tms gain, as
well as that with Europe in goods
other than war materials, will doubt
less be lost after the war unless our
manufacturers and merchants exert
themselves successfully to please their
new customers. Foreign orders for
war material will also cease, for the
belligerents will replenish their
stocks from home factories, but the
United States Government will fur
nish business for several years while
laying in the reserve supply provided
for in the defense programme.
But independent of the new foreign
commerce which has come to us as a
result of the war. such a revival of
business as we now experience was
already overdue. It is therefore in
large part healthy, and explains the
breadth and activity of the stock mar
ket, these being natural consequences
of industrial and commercial pros
perity. During the first five months
after the outbreak of war the stock
market was closed and newly pro
duced capital could not find invest
ment. It is now breaking loose like
a pent up flood.
The process of recuperation after
the panic of 1907 was about com-
'Tiave begun then, but was delayed by
jthe Balkan War, by tariff and other
: legislation and by rear of the greater
conflict which has since begun. The
; worst has now happened and the re
vival is pouring wealth into our cof
fers, leaving a greater surplus than
;cver for investment. Moreover, the
American is the only great investment
market now open to the whole world.
In the meantime prosperity grows
with accelerated pace, whatever its
source and however long its destined
duration. The excess of exports for
October is estimated at $294,000,000
as compared with J146.34S.919 in
September and with X174.6S2.478 in
February. 1915. that being the record
month. Railroad earnings in October
are expected to show much greater
increases than those in September.
October also shows a record produc
tion of pig iron, record bank cleulngs ,
and record National bank deposits.
New money is being made in great
volume, and a large surplus must find i
investment.
CORX FOB WEALTH.
According to a bulletin Just issued
by the Department of Agriculture, the
corn crop this year is 3,090,509,000
bushels. All records are broken save
that for the year 1912. These figures
appear more stupendous when -we re
member that they show a yield of
nearly a billion bushels in excess of
the 1900 crop, which was a record
breaker up to that time.
The wheat yield for this season is
also a wonderful crop, amounting to
1.000. 000.000 hiLvhi Tt i. .
record for that cereal. The crop of
last year amounted to 896,000,000
bushels.
From the corn statistics the people
jof Oregon have much to encourage
them. In sections of the country
where corn is king prosperity usually
awaits the labors or the farmers. In
recent years Oregon has been making
great advances in the production of
corn. Twenty years or less ago any
man who' suggested that good corn in
' A
paying quantities could be grown in
Oregon would have been derided.
Now it is known that Oregon can
raise as good corn in many localities
as is produced in the world and in
quantities per acre in excess of the
average of the United States. In this,
the beet year ever known, the yield
is 28.3. The average for the last ten
years was 26.6. 'in Malheur, Douglas,
Josephine, Jackson, Union, Wallowa.
Umatilla in any one of twenty Ore
gon counties one may find corn
averaging far In excess of 30 bushels
to the acre. In many cases it runs
well over 100. bushels.
The farmers of this state are on the
right road when they give their at
tention to growing corn and to feeding
it to cattle, sheep and hogs. It is
true there is something the matter
with the meat market now, but the
condition is what might be called arti
ficial. . But the farmer who will sticlr.
to corn and turn it into meat will be
as sure to succeed as any business
man in tne country. Of course thin
does not apply to every portion of
uregon put to mighty near all of it
KB-BW OF KALAMAZOO.
It is wonderful how constant famil
iarity with harmonious sound pro
motes a love of euphfony. Mr. Marvin
Fauzdick resides In Kalamazoo. It
will be readily understood that any
one who is compelled to write "Kala
mazoo" or speak the word a dozen
times daily will soon become a lover
of musical sounds. But not everybody
in Kalamazoo has the enterprise of
Mr. Fauzdick. That gentleman has
made himself distinguished by pro
posing to let the whole country con
stantly enlov the nleasnrea nf mint
acoustics.
"The United States" is an awkward
name for this great and glorious Na
tion, says the rjronhet of k'alamn?'
The word "American" is not a definite
term for a citizen of the country,
while "United Stateser" is obviously
out of the question. So Mr. Fauzdick
PrODOSeS a constitutional mtinrlm .i n 1
changing the name of the United
oiates io' "lte-Dur." The citizens
thereof would then be called "Ke
bins," and the language would be
known as "Ke-blsh."
Beinjr a lover of the henntifiil nni
always in favor of progress and re
form, The Oregonian is glad to call
attention to Mr. Fanzdicfc'H nmno-
ganda. We wish him success with the
oest Ke-oisn at our command. Here's
to the first Ke-bin ot Kalamazoo,
Ive-bur:
AX EXPERIMENT IX MATHEMATICS.
An election of Citv Commissioner
at Ashtabula, Ohio, early in the
month is heralded as the first ampli
cation of proportional representation
in tne united States. In the sense
that it was accompanied by all the
mathematical frills and complications
or exact proportional representation
perhaps the honor is iustlv awarrlerl
Oregon, however, had previously tried
out the system in simple form in the
election of party delegates to National
conventions.
Ashtabula clings to the partisan
type of city government and elects
seven Commissioners who in turn ap
point a manager. The voter mav pi.
press several choices, but unlike the
Portland preferential system, where
he may cast second and thicd choices
for as many candidates as there s
to elect, the Ashtabula voter may vote
a. iirst cnoice tor Dut one of the seven,
a second choice for one, a third choice
for another, and so on.
In determinine- the result, the total
number of votes cast is divided by
eignt. ir the quotient is, say 100,
then any candidate who has received
100 first-choice votes is elected. If a
candidate receives an excess of 100
votes the surplus is transferred in ac
cordance with the voters' secnnrl-
choice expressions to those candidates
not elected on the first count. Votes
cast for candidates who are found out
of the running are then transferred
to the third-choice column and cred
ited to candidates in accordance with
the Way electors Voted. Whenever In
the process of transfer of votes a
quota (100 in this Illustration) is
obtained for any candidate he is de
clared elected, and the count con
tinues until the places are all filled.
this election was held November 2.
Whether the canvassing board has yet
completed the computations or
whether Ashtabula has enough minev
to pay for the work, are matters of
news mat have not yet percolated to
the Far West. But of what consid
eration are time and money If politi
cal contentment and economy 'and
efficiency are obtained by their ex
penditure? Meanwhile Oregon has
abandoned its experiment in nrnnnr.
tional representation. One applica
tion of the principle produced the
prettiest row politicians had seen in
many days. ' -
ienocnctnj mars.
Peace propagandists throughout the
country who have banded toegther In
organizations have determined to con
tinue their assaults on grim old Mars.
They will denounce the barbarous
practice of organized slaughter and
oppose preparedness in this country
in no uncertain way. This, it is con
tended by such pacifists as Jor
dan and Bryan, is the time to drive
home the lesson of war's futility and
war's horrible cruelty. The object
lessons of the European war. as thev
see them, are found in the wanton
slaughter of millions.
There is nothing new in such a
campaign. The cruelty and barbarity
of war are admitted. Men of war
have been loudest in proclaiming its
vice. Sherman's tribute to war is well
known. Grant saw in wars a fearful
calamity which visited its greatest
suffering upon the producing, classes.
w ellington exclaimed that one day
or warfare sufficed to make the sol
dier pray to God that no such sight
might be seen again. The next most
dreadful thing to a battle loot was a
battle won, he said. Even Napoleon
classified war as the business of bar
barians.
The world's most virile writers have
denounced war in the harshest terms.
Shakespeare saw war as the "son of
hell whom angry heavens do make
their minister." Fielding denounced
armed conflict as the sink of all in
justice. Byron branded war as the
feast of vultures and the waste of life.
Channing proclaimed war the concen
tration of all human crimes. There
is an ancient and oft-repeated Ger
man proverb that war leaves the
country with three armies an army
of cripples, an army of mourners and
an army of thieves. Machiavelli as
serted that whoever makes war his
profession cannot be otherwise than
vicious. And so the indictment may
be rolled np indefinitely. The very
aenunoi&tions that our peace prapa-
gandists are uttering today have
their counterparts In the writings of
past ages and generations.
So there, has been no lack of exploi
tation and publicity on the vie of
armed conflict. Man has never lacked
the conscience and moral sense to see
the Iniquity of war. But he, has lacked
the capacity to establish inhibitions
against the occurrence and recurrence
of war. Perhaps, as we all must
hope, man's moral sense will develop
to a point where he can settle his dif
ferences peaceably. But that hope
finds no definite form in the civiliza
tion of the world today. To borrow
a phrase, it is a condition not a theory
that confronts us. When peace does
come It will be the product, we sus
pect, of a complete adjustment of the
world's economic afrairs and not in
any measure through the siren songs
of such yodelers as Bryan and Jordan.
As may be noted from the Quotations.
much abler men have tried already to
preach us into peaceful ways without
the slightest measure of success.
TWO EMPIRES OX RATIONS.
Promulgation of new and stringent
food regulations in Germany gives
rise to the opinion that a shortage
exists more serious than that which
confronted the empire last Winter.
Suppression of a number or Austrian
newspapers for discussing the food
situation implies that the dual mon
archy is no better supplied.
Germany contrived to live through
last Winter on the good crop of .1914
supplemented by accumulated sup
plies from abroad and by food cap
tured In Belgium, .though restriction
of sales was found necessary. This
year every available acre was planted,
but only the potato crop is above nor
mal. Prohibition of the sale of meat
on certain days implies that domestic
supplies are running low and that the
blockade has prevented imports on
the needed scale. Activity of British
submarines in the Baltic Sea seems to
have prevented Sweden from shipping
much of the grain and meat which
probably went from this country to
Norway for transfer by rail to Swed
ish ports. The German arny may
have hoped to capture much grain
and meat in territory conquered from
Russia, but the Russians seem to have
laid waste the country so thoroughly
as to leave little sustenance for the
invaders. Berlin reports say that Bul
garia had sold her surplus to Greece
before engaging in the war. Rou
manla has a large surplus, but Austria
is likely to lay first claim to it as it
passes up the Danube.
Government regulation of food
prices, taken in connection with news
paper comments, implies that specu
lators and agrarians have been boost
ing prices until the poor began to
protest so effectively as to force ac
tion. In the early months of the war
prices were permitted to regulate
themselves, the government expecting
that their rise would check consump
tion, but the event proved that high
profits' and high wages of those who
were engaged in munition industries
enabled them to live as before with
out economy and that earnings of the
rest of the population did not in
crease in the same ratio as prices.
Thus a contrast arose between the
luxury of the rich and the straitened
circumstances of the poor which bred
discontent. Hence the government
practically puts the nation on rations
and proclaims maximum prices.
To predict starvation in Germany
would be extravagant, but the people
are evidently on short allowance ef
some staple articles of food and are
not free to eat what they please.
Though less information comes from
Austria, the same situation doubtless
exists there. As the blockade be
comes stricter by stopping leaks
through neutral countries, the two
empires will be thrown more com
pletely on their own resources. Their
best male population is withdrawn
from production and cannot find a
full substitute in the women, old men.
boys and prisoners of war. Next year
a crop may be raised in Poland, Cour
land and Serbia, if the Teutons can
keep their grip on those countries,
but food animals seem to be scarce
and another year of war may convert
the people of the two empires forcibly
to vegetarianism.
PROFIT IX POETS.
Fifteen hundred poets are mourn
ing the loss of t golden eagle,, each
through the unsophisticated pursuit"
of evanescent literary fame. Some as
tute Wallingford capitalized their as
pirations, and by well-directed wiles
reaped a harvest of $15,0"o0, which
now" reposes to his credit in a New
York vault while he reposes in a dif
ferent sort of vault with a penal term
before him. Strange as it may seem,
one of those dreaming poets whom he
victimized had common sense enough
to realize that he had been duped, and
the matter was called to the atten
tion or the authorities. Following in
quiry among the victims, some sixty
six or the disillusioned ones have sig
nified their willingness to prosecute.
The incident - is significant only as
Indicating the volume of poetic ambi
tion which exists in the country. Not
that 1500 is a hundredth part of the
army of American poets -and writers
of short stories, novels, plays, scena
rious, treatises, essays, critiques and
epics. Every editor or a magazine or
newspaper knows that the number is!
greater than 1500 in any single com-j
munity or double that population. Nor
is it surprising that a single crook
could get in touch with 1500 in a few
weeks who were willing to put up
real money in order to enter a poem
writing contest. Payment of an en
trance fee of 110 must indicate that
the entryman has some little confi
dence in his ability as a writer. But
the average tyro invariably is certain
that he possesses the genius of a mas
ter in embryo. Work and recognition
are needed to develop these qualities
of mind and soul. After knocking in
vain at the editorial doors of the rec
ognized and established 'mediums of
expression, it is inevitable that the
persistent writer seek some method of
forcing his way past the cruel bar
riers of neglectand Indifference which
he fancies have been interposed by
heartless editors and publishers.
When in this frame of mind the
writer is an easy victim for any con
fidence plan that gives promise of a
secret trail into the realm of recog
nition. Readers and rewriters of
poems have been preying on these
folk these many years. Professional
agents for unknown writers ride in
limousines-and travel abroad on their
profits. They agree to sell the writ
ings of the unknown and hopeless on
a percentage basis, plus a small fee
of from S3 to 35 for handling. It is
unnecessary to say that they make
nothing in commissions from sales,
but wax exceeding fat on the fees!
All of which is entirely legitimate, at
least so far as the law is concerned,
although a conscientious and honest
person might hesitate to take fees
from writers whose productions were
so manifestly without merit that no
editor would -ever be tempted to buy.
In view of this rich field of ex
ploitation, it seems somewhat sur
prising that there should be resort to
Illegal methods of filching from the
literarv tvros of the pAiinln Whw
stage a fake poem contest and obtain
money by false pretenses when such
a rich field lies open as that of free
lance "publisher's agent".
If those who are writing knew the
true conditions they would spend no
money with these exploiters of their
ambitions. To find the way into the
editorial sanctum there Is no medium
more effective than the humble and
inexpensive postage stamp. The pub
lisher's agent is useful only to the es
tablished or qualified writer. His
stufr being saleable, the agent exacts
better prices from the editor than
might be paid otherwise. He does this
by placing a maximum price on a
good story or poem and offering it to
an editor who wants Just such a pro
duction and who will pay the price
rather thah have the work taken to
a competitor.
Contrary to the general belief,
magazine editors are on the alert for
meritorious matter. Good stories
are as rare as flawless gems. The
staffs of paid readers are continually
on the alert for a good story by a new
writer. To make such a discovery is
a. feather in the reader's cap. It is
the aspiration of every reader and
every editor to uncover some budding
genius or some writer who can pro
duce readable copy.
So the reason that the average
novice gets his stories and poems back
time after time Is found in the lack
of merit of his works. . Too many men
and women are engaged In trying to
write who know nothing of life and
its meaning. Too many seek to write
who do not possess adequate knowl
edge of the English language. Those
persons are doomed to failure and dis
appointment. Their manuscripts will
return with the polite but colorless
printed slip appended Just as often
as they are forwarded. The only way
they can hope to avoid the disheart
ening experience is through the ex
pediency of failing to enclose return
postage. Then their stories will fin
a reposing place In the editorial waste
basket. Which is the part of wisdom
Tor those who will never be able to
produce saleable matter. They will
6ave themselves many pangs, not to
mention considerable sums. Since it
costs from four to eight cents to send
a manuscript and an equal amount to
safeguard its return, the proline tyro'
Is under quite an expense in providing
for its return.
The printed slip should not be set
down as cruel. It serves a great and
enlightened purpose by finally dis
couraging those who are not equipped
by temperament and education for a
literary career. If editors were in
the habit of sending kindly letters to
all, the hopeless writer would not be
disillusioned so soon, and both Unio
and energy would be lost by all con
cerned. As to the possibility of dis
couraging some writer of undeveloped
possibilities it can't be done. The
writer of true talents and inherent
capacity cannot be discouraged. He
will persist. Jack London claims to
have sent out more than a thousand
manuscripts before one was accepted.
Other successful writers have well
filled trunks of manuscripts rejected
in those days when they were train
ing their immature muses to fly. In
days of success these manuscripts fre
quently are worked over, although
some writers never resurrect them ex
cept in wonderment that they should
have been guilty of auch literary
atrocities.
Of course the readers and publish
ers are not infallible. Many a work
of genius has gone the rounds undis
covered. There is a tendency on the
Part of American publishers to hew
to the beaten paths. Yet the writer
of merit gains discovery and appre
ciation in the end. Leastwise the
printed slips do not discourage him
He writes because he must write In
the meantime, it Is the literary unfit
who abandon the work and are elimi
nated by discouragement from a pur
suit ror which they are not qualified
or equipped.
Turkeys are plentiful in Eastern
Oregon this year and growers expect
to realize 18 and 20 cents. The up
lands turkey feeds on grasshoppers
and has more of the flavor of the wild
bird, which is the best eating on
earth. .
If the Government can catch the
higher-ups who are, responsible for
destruction of munition factories and
ships it will accomplish some real
good. Capture of the tools is almost
useless, for new tools can be found. -
Sa.milel flnmnAM i. . i . .
. ociljvs Liie senti
ments of the level-headed working-
....... " "en ne utx.-ia.res tor prepared
ness and for a tariff commission, for
they are most interested in National
security and business stability.
-
A special officer who made it a
business to loot the stores he was
hired to watch and, accumulate the
goods in his home is not a thief with
criminal intent so much as he Is a
human wood rat.
In deciding an Indian is amenable
to the riror n f the n .
Judge Hamilton lifts a heap of bur-
uc irum tne snouiaers or the squaw.
What an idvllin scone ihgf v,..
have been for the Maryland farmers
the President and Mrs. Gait pic
nicking in a secluded lane.
In reappointing Dr. Steiner the
State Board of Control did the most
graceful act In its history, based
wholly on merit.
ir Portland were not having some
kind of a seven-by-nine strike all the
time, the wheels In the labor organ
would get rusty.
Gompers. favors a powerful navy
and an adequate standing army, and
looks for universal peace. He knows
the combination.
Mr. Dieck's views against changing
the name of Yamhill street coincide
with those of most of the people.
T. R. may object to calling Bryan
"the Roosevelt of the Democratic
party," and surely Brian will.
The Land Show was so much worth
while one hates to think it is over.
Evidently the merchants need
somebody to watch the watchmen.
Portland's next bTSTevent will be
destruction of turkey in ten days.
A few inches of snow would be a
joke on the jitneys.
It is a strange deacon that does not
know his own cow.
A Honey day will about fill the list
of special days.
How to Keep Well
By Dr. W. A. Evans.
, Stkoelhsue Sanitation.
This department is frequently asked
questions relating to the hygiene of
school buildings. The United" States
Bureau of Education has just Issued a
bulletin on "Schoolhouse Sanitation: A
Study of the Laws and Regulations Gov
erning the Hygiene and Sanitation of
Schoolhouses," by W. A. Cook. This
bulletin makes it plain that many peo
ple know that sanitation of scholhouses
is important, but that there is nowhere
near an agreement, at least among
members of the different Legislatures,
s to the best methods to pursue.
Six states forbid spitting on school
room floors. Minnesota and North Da
kota specify that schools shall be pro
vided with foot scrapers and cocoa or
steel mats.
As to the-frequency of cleaning of
schoolroom floors, some states provide
that the floors shall be swept dally. An
occasional provision is desks, wains
coting, window sills and blackboards
must be washed daily with a l-to-2000
solution of bichloride or a 3 per cent
solution of carbolic acid. Montana pro
vides for thorough scrubbing and clean
ing every three months. North Da
kota requires that each schoolhouse
shall be disinfected every 30 days ex
cept during vacation. Louisiana re
quire) disinfection before the begin
ning of each school session. Pennsyl
vania requires fumigation every two
weeks. Wisconsin requires that sweep
ing shall be done by vacuum cleaners.
Before each school term the school
house is to be thoroughly cleaned.
Indiana condemns dry sweeping. In
diana. Louisiana, Texas and Virginia
require that cleaning be postponed
until after school hours. Indiana for
bids the cleaning of blackboards and
erasers by the pupils or by 'anybody
else during school hours. Texas re
quires that before sweeping the floors
shall be sprinkled with an approved
disinfectant, saturated sawdust pre
ferred. Virginia requires the use of
damp sawdust or damp paper, but does
not demand the use of a disinfectant.
A few states require extraordinary
cleaning and disinfecting of school
rooms upon the discovery of contagion
among the students. Scarlet fever,
diphtheria and smallpox among stu
dents of a school will cause disinfec
tion of the building in three states,
measles in two. infantile paralysis,
meningitis and plague in one. Indiana
and Michigan require that the room in
which the sick child belongs shall be
fumigated. The other states call for
treatment of the entire building. Where
gaseous fumigation is required for
maldehyde is generally specified. The
liquid disinfectant specified in most
cases is 1 to 200 bichloride.
Gallstone Pains.
S. E. W. writes: "Is there anything
one may take or do to relieve or pre
vent the severe pains in the stomach
and region of the gall bladder, which
one doctor (out of many) claims is due
to gallstones? Patient has never been
able to take an anesthetic, owing to a
weak heart, which sems to preclude an
operation. Manages to "keep up' most
of the time and is very active (and, of
course, of a nervous temperament)."
REPLY.
Gall stone pain attacks cease coming after
a while in most cases. No medicine except
powerful sedative elves relief. Every gall
stone cure is a r&nk fake. It you need op
eration I am sure you can be operated on.
People with weak nearts stand anesthetics
well. Have you considered operation under
anocl-aesociatioa anesthesia? .
How to Shrink Tonsils.
A. J. T.. of Boston, writes: "T have a
young man In mind, 35 years old, who
has had constant pains in his tonsils
since he was 14. His tonsils are large,
and in vain I have tried to have him
go and have them examined. Now is
there any way they can be treated and
shrunk, and, if so, what can he use to
do so? He always uses listerine as a
mouth wash, but to me his tonsils seem
over large."
REPLY.
Massairlng the tonsils relieves many cases.
In some the crypts can be emptied by pres
sure or suction. In some cases loosening
the adhesions around the tonsils causes them
to shrink. I do not think this gentleman
will set any benefit from a listerine wash.
Too Mack Soda Bad.
S. W. B. writes: "Will you kindly
advise whether baking soda taken, one
teaspoonful three times a day, is harm
ful, or will It leave any bad effects?"
REPLY.
Yes. Quit overeating;.
Always Some Dana-cr.
M. M. writes: "Will chloroform for
an operation tend to injure a strong,
healthy baby seven months old?"
REPLY.
Chloroform anesthesia Is never free from
danger. There are circumstances under
which operation under chloroform anesthesia
is the lesser of the two evils. If no ill ef
fects develop within a few days after the
use of the anesthetic there will be none.
Sleeping on Stotnttcn.
W. T. writes: "Would sleeping on the
stomach 'tend to reduce adipose tissue
there and would it injure the intes
tines to place a pillow under the stom
ach and lie on it in a way that much
of the body weight would be on the
stomach?
REPLY.
To Bleep face downward with a pillow un
der the abdomen will not injure the intes
tines. It will not have mach effect on
obesity. How will you keep in that posi
tion? . . .
Child Keeda Treatment.
M. L. G. writes: "I have a daughter1
4 years old. and she seems extremely
slow in talking. I have had the doctor
examine her. and he says she will talk
all right. We talk to her constantly,
and we let her out with the children;
but she seems unable to get to the talk.
She can understand everything said to
her, and her memory is wonderful. She
Is a strong child, but she is a little
nervous, and she has & bad temper.
.What would you advise me to do to
get her to talk?"
REPLY.
You should have her examined by a chil
dren's specialist and. better still, by one
who has had experience with backward chilr
dren. Talk it over with your physician ana
set his advice as to whom to take her. It
is not good Judgment to trust to luck In this
matter.
RETLY TO S. R.
It is safe to say that no "nerve tonics and
tablets" are gf any help in nervousness.
Remedying Obesity. r
Mrs. A. writes: "Kindly look over the
Inclosed literature and tell me If you
know anything of that method of treat
ing obesity. (1) Is it harmful? 2) Is
it true. If one reduces successfully with
obesity cures, that, as a consequence,
they will be overburdened with flesh
in later years? (3) Are Turkish baths,
taken in a cabinet in the home, suc
cessful in reducing weight? (4) I can
not diet and exercise, as the more I ex
ercise the hungrier I get. I do my own
cooking, and it Is hard for me to stay
hungry with food all around me."
REPLY
1. The circulars inclosed are typical. The
man Is a faker. The letter Is a typical follow-up
letter. The guarantee is no guaran
tee at all. It contains TOO words and is foil
of loopholes.
No.
.1. They are of some service.
4. "Unless you can develop enough will
power to control your hunger you must
stay fat.
Talk: of the Gratefwl Child.
Christian Herald.
"So your father now gets 112 ' a
week," said Judge TThler to the daugh
ter of the wife-beater he had paroled.
"And how much does he put away every
pay night?" "Not less than three
quarts." said the grateful child.
AIM IS AT WASTE! BV WKALTHY
ti""""3r Not Short of Food, hot 3'erely
Kqualislnsr Economic Condition.
PORTLAND, Nov. 14. (To the Edi
tor.) News articles like the one en
titled "All Germany Put On Short Ra
tions" made me feel so uneasy last
Spring about my sisters living In Ger
many, that I had no rest until I had
been there and had seen how conditions
were with them. They were not in
need but were needed. Thinking that
there might be others in my circum
stances, I will ask you to publish the
following:
After I was convinced that my sis
ters were not In need. I made a tour or
observation through Germany and part
of Austria. 1 left Braunschweig, my
Place of birth, traveled through Cen
tral Germany to Frankfort and to
Karlsruhe, to Basel back to Maunheim
and again to Basel through Switzerland
to Llndau. from there to Munich, then
to Vienna. Brun, Breslau. Posen, Thorn.
Lyk, Koenigsberg, Berlin, Magdeburg,
Braunschweig, Hanover, Cologne.
Aachen, (Alx la Chapelle). Essen. Dus
seldorf, Crefeld to Rotterdam. I stayed
In, hotels where I paid 2 marks and in
others where I paid 1 marks per day.
I have eaten meals for 60 pfennigs and
have paid 3 marks per meal. I traveled
second class and traveled fourth class
on the railway. I visited well-to-do
acquaintances and stopped with poor
agricultural laborers, but need I did
not find. Luxury and waste were
eliminated as much as possible, but
the necessities of life were everywhere
to be had.
Out of my experience I can exilain
the purpose of the law your news item
refers to. One. of my sisters, who lives
in the country, showed me a circular
sent by the city admonishing them to
save the grease from the dishwater,
with the remark that there was very
little grease to be saved from potato
soup or dishwater. Another instruc
tive incident I had with my other
sister, who lives six miles from Magde
burg. She raises garden truck, sells
it in Magdeburg and brings kitchen
refuse home for hog feed. I bsw
among this refuse sandwiches half rye,
half wheat bread, with ham which had
never been touched. Now, both the
sandwiches and the advice about dish
water grease came from larger cities,
and to stop this waste and give to
poorer people more of the good things
were the reasons that the German gov
ernment stepped in and by law made
it impossible for people with money
to deprive the people without money of
the good things to eat.
There was a good harvest of every
thing, and I can assure everybody that
there Is no more distress as far as liv
ing is concerned now than at any other
time. WILLIAM ISENSEE.
414 Broadway.
IKCREASE I?T PRISOX POPTTLATIOX
Correspondent Puts Blame on Depar
ture Fran Jefferson last Principle.
PORTLAND, Nov. 14. (To the Ed
itor.) I notice that Governor Withy
combe is concerned about the apparent
increase of prisoners at the peniten
tiary and is looking about for a solu
tion of this great evil and seeking a
remedy.
It seems a little peculiar. Indeed, in a
country where we make our own laws
and elect officers to enforce them, that
too many of us are getting in jaiL but
what can we expect in face of the fact
that the Oregon statutes- regulating
human conduct are like hotel sheets
nine feet long.
For some years it appears to have
been the business of the Legislature,
backed up by public sentiment, to enact
laws limiting human conduct In many
particulars. In addition to this, we
have a spasm of law enforcement. The
state has offered large rewards for the
arrest and conviction of persons for al
leged violations of law. I think most
reasonable people will agree with me
that there are many more running at
large that might be arrested and con
victed and confined in the penitentiary.
I think, also, that most of the older
residents of the state know that in
earlier times criminals and those who
were dangerous to be at large were ar
rested, prosecuted and sent to Jail. It
meant something in those days to be
sent to prison, and by reason of that
fact juries were careful about convict
ing, but under the present humani
tarian system and parental supervi
sion, it doesn't amount to very much
to go to jail. A convict's life is in
many respects more pleasant than that
of the ordinary citizen on the outside.
It is not the purpose of this article
to criticise the humanitarian methods of
penal institutions, but on the other
hand a citizenship which has not inde
pendence enough to avoid and look with
horror upon the jail sentence, is not
conducive to good government. Crim
inals who are dangerous to be at large
should be confined, all others should be
at large. The crowded condition of the
penitentiary of which the Governor
complains, is simply the result of the
principle that the best government
governs most. There was a time when
we believed that the best government
governed least, and left the individual
to exercise his own conscience with
respect to his conduct. But we are no
longer satisfied with this principle. On
every hand the sentiment appears to
be growing and developing that the in
dividual must be lost sight of in the
consideration of the common welfare.
Let us then go on enacting laws and
advocating the rigid enforcement
thereof, and without question we shall
be able to keep the penitentiary well
supplied with inmates, and will be en
abled from year to year to enlarge and
expand the institution until we will
have a large proportion of our citizen
ship confined therein.
TNARGTIBROC.
LOW JIXKS OX FROST PLATFORM
Passengers' Diversion as Well as Con
versation With Hotonsis DanserdDi.
PORTLAND, Nov. 14. (To the Edi
tor.) As you will see from inclosed
copy of Watts Watt, the company has
just got an inkling that the motorman
requires the full strength of his facul
ties in the execution of bis duties, and
that any diversion at his end of the
car in the shape of conversation, wordy
warfare, quartets, pushing or wrest
ling bouts, one or other of which di
versions Is more often than not in full
swing is liablo to distract his atten
tion and thereby endanger the lives of
outsiders and likewise insiders.
I presume it Is the prospect of Mayor
Albee making it a punishable offense
to talk to the motorman that has
caused the company to draw the pub
lic's attention to the danger involved
by using the motor end of the car for
low jinks.
About nine .months ago, after an
accident on the Woodstock line, when
a. boy had both legs cut off and subse
quently died, I wrote a letter (which
you kindly-published) drawing atten
tion to the very reprehensible state of
affairs, as regards the use of the motor
end of the car, but my letter met with
no backing and consequently scant suc
cess. I sincerely trust that -Mayor Albee
will carry his idea through and com
pel the company to enforce their rule,
"Do not speak to the motorman." and
the only way to insure the enforce
ment is to exclude the public from that
end of the car.
While I have the subject of cars on
the tapis I should like to draw atten
tion to the- dangerous practice that
some conductors have of starting the
car before the passenger has even a
decent foothold on the step, let alone
the platform. Twice recently I have
had a close call of wallowing in the
mud on my back. F. BAYARD.
Its.
CATHLAMET. Wash., Nov. 13. (To
the Editor.) Would you please tell me
through your columns if 1916 is leap
year? G, il.
Twenty-five Years Ago.
From The Oregonian of November 15 1S0.
Major Handbury. United States Engi
neer, returned yesterday from a visit to
Cascade Locks. The heavy masonry is
being put in and the work is in Just a.
condition that it takes lota of money to
keep it going. The excavation is now
down to bedrock.
Excavating Is going on at the south
east corner of Third and G streets for
a. large brick building which Henry
W einhard is going to erect there.
Classes in the gymnasium at the
Young Men's Christian Association
w-iil be organized tonight under the di
rection of Henry A. Townsend. physical
director.
S. G. Reed a day or two since made a
visit to Broadmead. the 3000-acre farm
up the valley that he owns in conjunc
tion with W. S. Ladd.
A great many people have gone on a
wild goose chase, and yesterday several
had one after a tame goose. The big
bird was seen flying up Washington,
street and at Fourth it wheeled grace
fully downtown.- Half a dozen China
men started chasing after it with
scoops, nets and long poles with hooks
on the ends. They chased and they
ran., but the goose was never found.
Mrs. Mattie Hull will deliver & lec
ture on "The Unwritten Law" at Elks
Hall tonight.
Weather on the Sound has been very
disagreeable for some time, owing to a
very dense fog that has prevailed con
tinuously. A party from the East who
had been trying to see the cities on the
Sound for two weeks but was unable to
see anything came over here Thursday
and was delighted to find the atmos
phere clear, the sun shining brightly,
and in fact regular Indian Summer
weather. - -
Half Century Ago.
Frrm the Oreuonlon of November 15. 1SS5.
The steamship Active, due on Sunday
night from Victoria, had not arrived
up to the time of our going to press
last evening. Her detention may be
owing to a rough bar at the mouth of
the Columbia. t ...
The first election for the officers of
the Mechanics Institute Association will
be held this evening at the Common
Council chamber.
Rev. Dr. Wythe, president of the Wil
lamette University, arrived in the citv
last evening and will lecture this even
ing in the First Methodist Church. We
understand he has the materials and
will exhibit the magnesium light
lately discovered and which we pre
sume to say has never been seen by
any person in, Portland.
Testerday a couple or covies from
Oregon City drove into Portland re
gardless of toll gates, the, lives of pe
destrians, or the condition of the team,
and. after dashing furiously about the
streets for a time, were thrown from
the vehicle. Officers . Saunders and
Vv ard, who were making an effort to
arrest the fast drivers, caught the
horses and placed them in the keeping
of Messrs. Quimby and Turpin and then
locked the violators of decency up In
jail. ' .
The ordinances of the City of Port
land have been codified by the Citv
Attorney and published in accordance
with an order of the Council, approved
on the sixth of February last. The citv
charter and an act to regulate the Fire
Department of the city are printed with
the ordinances.
We are informed by President Marsh,
of Pacific University, that O. G. Har
pending has been appointed professor
of natural science at that university.
Professor Harpending is a graduate of
Rutgers College and is spolten of as a
highly accomplished scholar. .
Why Pride la Indian Bloadr '
BAKER, Or.. Nov. 13. (To the Ed
itor.) The American people ' discoun
tenance marriage or the: mixing of
blood with the negro. Chinese, Japa
nese, Hindus and Asiatics generally,
some or whom are as highly civilized,
educated and as wealthy as the best of
Americans. Some states forbid by law
such unions; yet it appears that some
of our very prominent society people
claim to have a strain of American In
dian blood in their veins and are proud
of that fact Surely the Indian skin
Is no whiter than the Asiatic, and.
surely, his condition as to civilization,
education and wealth does not begin
to compare with that Of the Asiatic. -
The query Is. why is the mixing of
the white American " with the Asiatic
considered undesirable a disgrace' In
fact when the part white American
with Indian blood In his veins is o
proud of that mixed blood, for In
stance, the people Who claim descent
from the Indian .Pocahontas?
J.JOHNSON.
Postal Regwlatfons mm to Newspapers.
BAKER CITY, Or., Nov: 13. (To the
Editor.) Is there any postal regula
tion as to how much advertising a
newspaper shall carry to be mailed at
newspaper rates?.
If so, what per cent of their space
may they use for advertising?
- . A SUBSCRIBER.
The postal laws and regulations do
not mention a specific percentage of
news matter or advertising . that may
be carried in a newspaper, but will not
admit as second class matter "publica
tions designed primarily for advertis
ing purposes." The question . of
whether a publication is so designed
"will be determined in each case, from
the evidence." The Postmaster, will
furnish pamphlet (Form 3600) which
gives complete laws governing news
papers in connection with second class
mail.
NO. ;
THE DALLES. Or., Nov. 13: (To the
Editor.) Will you please Inform mc
through The Oregonian if it is neces
sary to pass a medical examination in
order to be married in California?
A. & B.
Grace and Breakfast.
London Punch.
Mother "Now, Billy, say grace after
your breakfast." Billy "Finks for my
b'ekfast.' Mother "Oh. Billy; that
wasn't much of a grace." Billy "Well,
it wasn't much of a b'ekfast." -
The Secretary to
Society
A great novelist once said of him
self: "I am the Secretary to So
ciety." How true such a statement would
be of the modern daily newspaper?
The newspaper is the medium
that sees "events as they trans
pire" and sets their history down
in black and white.
People t-irn to the newspaper to
keep in touch with the world and
its work.
To miss It Is to lose a day. -'
.Naturally they turn to news
papers when 'they have wants to
fill.
That Is why newspaper adver
tising brings such immediate and
definite results.