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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 13, 1915)
TIIE MOTtXIXG OREGOXIAX. TUESDAY, JULY in. 1915. rORTLANU, OKEGON. Entered al Portland. Oregon, Postofflc a f locoad-clau matter. Suuscription Kates invariably Id advance: -i (By Mail.) . Daily. Sunday Included, one year ....... 8W Lrally, Sunday Included, six months. ... 4.23 Uaily, Sunday Included, tore muntna. . laily, bunday included, oae month. .... .?" j t)aily, without Sunday, on year 6.0" x iJally, without Sunday, six months.. iJally, without Sunday, three months... l.5 '' rally, without Sunday, on month..... .tK , 'Weekly, one year l.oo .Sunday, one year ............-.. 2.60 4 Sunday and Weekly, one year ' CBy Carrier.) Daily, Sunday included, one year...... 8.O0 V Xiaily. Sunday included, one month..... .7 T- How to Reaalt Send Postoff ice money or- der. express order or personal check on your local baak. Stamps, coin v.r currency are at -sender's risk. Give postoffice address In lull. including county and state, c Postage Rates 12 to 16 pages. 1 cent; 18 to 82 page. 2 cents; 84 to 48 pases, S cents; . 60 to ou pages. 4 cents; 8:2 to pases, , cents; ,s lu pages, 6 ceuL. Foreign post. are, double rates. "2 Eastern BuaiseM Offices Verree ConK I!n, Brunswick building. New York; Verree .1 Conklln, steger building. Cnicago; mii Francisco representative, R. J. Bldwell. H Market street. WBTLAXD, Il'ESDAY, JtLV IS, 115. J THE IBESCH HYMN OF HATE. 5 The Germans solaced themselves J with a Hymn of Hate quite early in "the war. It was written by Ernst Lis s sauer and had so much literary merit 'that the Katser was moved to confer upon the author that rare and pre fcious decoration, the Iron cross. Lls- sailer's Hymn of Hate was particular ly aimed at England. Christian char ity, of course, forbade that meek island to reply to It directly. The -British were obliged by their extreme regard for good form to wait until leomc of their allies rushed into the poetical breach. This the French have now done. "Their poet, Jules de Marthold, has - come gloriously forward with a .Hymn of Hate against Germany which "may not be so grandly inspired as Lls- sauers outpouring was, but it serves 'the purpose of telling the Germans what their neighbors think of them and it will doubtless relieve the pent up bosoms of the British. To Jules de Marthold hate Is "a holy word" which his countrymen are to cry "in their thought most deep,, in their quiet sleep, as they wake, and as their arms they take." Obviously it will seldom be absent from their thoughts. Moreover, he wishes to teach hate "to every babe." The Kaiser is, in - the imagination of the French poet, "a devil foe, a forger King, a tawny traitor," and, worst of all, a fool," : while the Germans, taken miscellane ously, are "madmen." There Is a . good deal in the, feeling between the allies and Germany that reminds one I of that between ancient Rome and ; Carthage, which were relentless rivals In their day for the supremacy of the world. Matters finally came to such a pass that Cato ended every speech in the Senate with the words, "Car .thage must be destroyed," and Hanni bal's father made the boy swear by - the gods that he would hate Rome as long as he lived. The bitterness be tween the two powers had become irreconcilable and one or the other ' had to go down to ruin. Have we come to the same pass in our own time? Will it be found Impossible to make a lasting peace until either Germany or the allies have been utterly un done? Peace was twice concluded be - tween Rome and Carthage, but in , both instances It was a mere truce which was employed in preparations for another war. Must we expect a ' similar proceeding should peace be concluded between Germany and the allies while both sides still retain some fighting power? The third war be tween Rome and Carthage gave the : city by the Tiber the supremacy of - the ancient world. There is much re semblance between the spirit of an ; cient Rome and that of modern Ger many, the same idolatry of the state the same absorption of the individual In the nation, the same ambition for " power. But the allies do not resemble : Carthage a great deal. STARVING THE WORKERS. General Gorgas. the famous auto crat of the Canal Zone, Is of the opin ion that our rich people eat too much and our laboring people too little. This shortens life for all of them, but Jar more for the poor than for the rich. Nature withstands excess better than privation. Could all our people Je properely nourished. General Gorgas estimates that the average duration of life would be lengthened thirteen years. Productively em Tdoyed, these years might greatly add to the wealth of the country. I; The conservation of our human ma terlal Is a subject to which the United States has as yet paid little attention Ve have taken some measures to put puch as we have to good use, but not many. We' have tried Borne tentative plans for saving life and maintaining National vigor, but compared to what Germany has done in this respect, our efforts have been trifling, more like child's play than man's mature work . The Independent says in Its current Issue that we have wasted all our re sources, animate and inanimate, but the human resources worst of all. A man walking up and down the coun try unable to find work and unable or unwilling to do it if he could find It is a rebuke to our civilization. The fact that a man of General Gorgas' standing can say openly that we do not feed our working population nough to enable them to live out their appointed days should make us blush with shame. A NEW DEFENSE. Highwaymen and murderers will welcome the new defense which kind (Ty science has placed at their disposal. It will greatly add to the security of 'their profession, and. with brain " storms and alibis, will make it virtu ally impossible to deprive them of their liberty. An assassin wishing to take advantage of the new defense "wjll plead that he is a "meteorpath." 'This erudite expression signifies that he is abnormally subject to weather influences. A long period of sunshine, for example, disposes . him to poison his mother-in-law. A week of cloudy weather makes hint lie in wait for the banker with a loaded gun. Meteorpaths are no more responsible for their actions than are the unhappy sufferers from brain storms. . Scien tific men have brought to light these Influences of the weather upon the human mind after lengthened and painful observations. They have also discovered that solar radiation affects many of us with criminal passions, varying with Its Intensity. Thus when aunspots are numerous certain- men re irresistibly moved to break Into the saloon next door and rob the till. One of different temperament will be caused by the same conditions to shoot his father. We foresee a great alleviation of the circumstances of criminals by these discoveries. It will naturally be somewhat easier for a murderer to prove himself a meteorpath than to establish old-fashioned insanity. And it will be a great deal cheaper. In sanity experts must be learned physi cians who take advantage of the ne cessities of unfortunate criminals to extort huge fees. Weather sages are as common as pigweed and so eager to display their sagacity that they will testify for nothing or even pay a moderate sum for the privilege. This new defense should become widely popular among the persecuted crimi nal classes. THE PAID PETITION SHOVER. The only argument against prohi bition of paid circulation of initiative, referendum and recall petitions with its attendant frauds and abuses is that it would make those popular govern mental agencies unworkable. But when a petition is backed by definite public sentiment and there is no good reason for encouraging any other kind the paid circulator, it has been proved, is not a necessary agent. In the State of Washington all work of securing names to petitions must be done without pay. There is now a recall movement under way in Yaki ma County. To insure a recall elec tion the number of signatures must be 35 per cent of the number of votes cast for the assailed officials. It is learned from the North Yakima Re public that 200 citizens have dropped their work and given their time ro the recall. ' In four days" work more han the requisite number of signa tures had been obtained. In Washington the vote percentages required on initiative, referendum and recall petitions are all higher than In Oregon. Moreover, one must be a reg istered voter to be qualified to sign, while in Oregon one need only be a legal voter. These particulars are mentioned because of their influence on the task of filling petitions. Yet the Washington law does not seem to be unworkable. In 1914 seven meas ures were submitted by Initiative pe titions and voted on. Several laws passed by the last Legislature have been referred to the people. But it is not wholly necessary to go out of Oregon to obtain a demonstra tion of successful voluntary circula tion of petitions. The meter ordinance recently rejected by the voters of Portland was submitted by petition without employment of name soli citors. JOHN BIXL'S SLACKNESS. The British government is being called to account for its slowness in bringing to use for the war the serv ices of scientists and technicians. H. G. Wells berates the government for failure to produce "a larger and more powerful aeroplane capable of over taking, fighting and destroying a Zep pelin"; for rot keeping pace with German improvements in trench con struction; for being "unforeseeing and uninventive" in the Dardanelles cam paign; and for producing "no coun terstroke to the enemy's submarine." Professor J. A. Fleming, an eminent electrical engineer, wrote to the Lon don Times saying that one of his col leagues said to him: I am too old to enlist or even to do manual work In the manufacture of shells. but-I have a considerable scientific knon ! edge m-hich I am Just yearning to employ In the service of the country, yet I cannot find any person in authority who will tell me now to oo it. Professor Fleming has never been invited "to serve on any committee co-operate In any experimental work or place expert knowledge which It has been the labor of .a lifetime to obtain at the disposal of the forces 6T the crown," though there are hun dreds of men like him who are wait ing to be called upon. Professor H. E. Armstrong writes to the Times that six months ago he proposed that all members of the Royal Society be grouped together and set to work in applying science to' war problems, but nothing has been done. Men versed 'in the chemistry and properties of explosive materials who might have rendered the greatest service have not been consulted," in cluding "one of the two men to whom the service ammunition of all the armies today Is due." Professor Arm strong has fifty years experience as a chemist, particularly in connection with explosives, but has never once been consulted. The British government has mobi lized the fighting men and la now mobilizing the working men, but It has not yet mobilized the scientific and inventive brains. Consequently there Is no originality In the methods of carrying on. the war. "British offi cialdom has not yet awakened to the fact upon which Germany Is acting that wars are not now won by the fighting men alone, but by those who place in their hands new weapons wherewith .to fight. WOMEN'S NEW PEACE. Mrs. Julian Heath, president of the Housewives' League, has a theory to account for the seeming extravagance of women. She says it is only a com paratively short time since they have had much money to spend and natu rally they are somewhat inexpert. Until recently they made the family's clothing in their households, food was produced on the farm and fruit wa preserved by each woman in her own kitchen. Now that these necessaries must be procured In the market. It is woman's office to spend the money for them. When she has had a little more practice she will do it more shrewdly, thinks Mrs. Heath. Her theory accounts for some of the waste in American families, but not for all, by any means. That very ml gration of industries away from the home which has sent the housewife to the market has also deprived her o occupation. She has herself migrated in many instances, from the old-fash loned dwelling with grounds about it and many rooms within, to a narrow apartment in a flat, where time hangs heavy on her hands. Spending money is Just about the only occupation she can think of and the consequences to her husband's purse are deplorable. It Is an excellent thing to teach housewives to market more knowingly and more shrewdly. It is also an ex cellent thing to Interest them In the affairs of the world, to provide them with mental resources so that th mere squandering of money will not Jte their only object in life. The ml gration of industries from the house hold has left women high and dry on the sands of indolence In too man cases. This goes far to account for their "restlessness." It also Indicates something of the depth of the fern lnist movement. Women's old place In the affairs of the world has bee to a great degree taken from them by the progress of machine produe tion. They will never be satisfied unt: they have made a new place for them selves. Marketing and cooking, how ever competently performed, can fill but a small part of the void In their lives. - THE WORE IN RVBMARINE 1VAK. Though German submarines con tinue to take their toll of British ships, the percentage of "kills'! has not risen to a point where the at tempted blockade of British com merce even approaches success. Here is the score down to the last week for which reports have been received: Description Week Week Feb. 1 ending June V end. us to June June 11 23 Total arrivals and Ballings, vessels of cer':uu tons 1333 1347 British merchant 1333 B 30 Zt.ttZ ships sunk by- sub marines .......... Sunk by mines Kish. vessels sunk Hunk or . captured by cruisers......... 6 From the beginning of the war to June 16 the British losses at aea have been 145 merchant vessels of 24.000 ons and 1 1 S flahinr vessels of H.02 4 tons. ' Of the merchant ship eighty- ix were sunk by submarines, fifty-six unk or captured by cruisers and thir teen sunk by mines. Compared with the total merchant tonnage 19.799.119 with which Britain started the war. this Is not a serious ratio of loss. As new ships are launched at the rate of from two to three for every' one sunk by Ger many, no permanent impression eems to be created by the subma rine war. It has increased rates of freight and insurance, added a thrill f excitement to sea travel and put Germany at loggerheads with th United States. SPECIXATIVE DOOM AT HAND. "Economic chaos" Is the term used by Theodore H. Price In - World's Work to describe the financial condi tions brought about by the war. In n article entitled "Are We on the Eve of a War Boom?" he forecasts the effect of the great balance of trade in favor of the United States, which Is likely to Increase from month to month, and of the vast issues of paper money which are being made n Europe. In the fiscal year Just closed the balance of trade exceeded Jl. 000.000.- 00 and Mr. Price predicts that for the thirteen months ending December 1 the balance against Europe alone will be at least J 1.500.000.000. Pay ment .will be made in American secu rities, the available supply of which, ho says, is nearly exhausted: in Euro pean securities, which do not seem to be acceptable; or in gold. The low rates of exchange show the deprecia tion in the gold value of European urrency and lead Mr. Thorne to this conclusion: It is plain that the maintenances of specie payment In Europe has been practically abandoned and that a formal admission of lils abandonment Is only a question of time f tho war continues. This mesne Inflation. It means that the Internal commerce of trea countries at war will shortly be conducted In a credit cur rency; that this credit currency will be made a legal tender; that all pretense of maintaining a sold reserve against liabilities will be abandoned by the government and banks, and that, in obedience to Oresham's aw. gold mill speedily dlssppear and be re placed by less valuable paper money'. The l-nlted Htate will still, however, be In a position to demand payment In gold for what It may sell and the result will be that a lance portion of the gold now In Kurope will bo sent here to psy debts and an addl- lonsi ciuantity win a, sent here for sate keeping. That inflation already exists In Eu rope Is shown by the decline In the ratio of gold reserve to liabilities of government banks from 60 per rent n July, 1914. to 36 per cent In May, 915. The New York Evening Post says the Bank of England a reserve ratio had declined to 16 1-8 per cent on July 3. Mr. Price says "the show ing would convince almost anyone that gold reserves In Europe will soon become as obsolete In theory as they already are In practice." The effect will be depreciated cur rency In Europe. Prices will advance, higher wages will be demanded and paid, and, as more paper money Is Issued, a further advance will come until both war and Inflation collapse because of their economic absurdity." This process is already well advanced. the average value of staples in Eng lish markets having risen 39 per cent since the war began. Speculation al ways follows Inflation and securities will advance "until the distension of the balloon causes an explosion." In Germany there is a boom In stocks and even war bonds are sold at ad vancing prices. Similar effects will be felt In Amer. lea. the trade of which has been de scribed as "swimming In a sea of Idle gold." The Federal reserve law has given the National banks alone, ac cording to President Vanderllp, of the National City Bank, capacity to ex pand their loans about 13.000.000,000. This effect extends also to state, banks swelling the possible credit expansion to between 16.000,000.000 and $7,- 000.000,000. If bank reserves should be increased by Importation of $200, 000.000 or $300,000,000 of gold, a fur. ther increase of tl. 000, 000. 000 to :.- 000,000,000 would become possible. An addition of about 50 per cent would be made to "the fund of liquid credit available for the transaction of business." A well-recognized principle of econ omy Is that, as money becomes more plentiful, prices advance. Hence the plethora of credit and the Importation of gold will cause a great advance In prices In the United States. So long as the war continues, Europe must buy our food and war material and must pay in gold, either shipped to us or borrowed In our markets. But for Europe's necessity, this abnormal condition would furnish its own cor rective: the advance in prices would stop exports and thereby reduce or stop gold Imports. The war will put "the United States In possession of a large portion ol the European gold supply"; "a great expansion of credit seems inevitable as soon as the crops commence to move"; and we may ex pect "an extraordinary advance In the prices of property and commodities In the near future." The greatest ad vance Is likely to be in "the staple commodities and the shares of cor porations that manufacture and dis tribute these commodities." but "the vagaries of the speculative Infatuation that Inflation breeds are not subject to any- rules." The man who can resist the temptation- to yield to the fever which will be abroad In this coming period of spec ulation wilr be able to accumulate a fortune In the following period of de pression. If he sells at inflated val ties, but Instead of buying again at. like values, keeps his funds in avail able form until the crash comes, he will be ablfl to buy back what he has sold for a fraction of the price he ob tained. He will then be In a position tc sell again at a handsome profit when the next upward turn comes Because few can practice this self- control In times of speculative excite ment, few mrjre large fortunes and fewer keep them. Mr. Bryan misses the point In the press comment on the latest German note as usual. Those who condemn submarine warfare do so not because they are pro-ally, but because they are pro-American. So far aa we are con cerned. Germany Is free to continue her submarine war on her enemies, provided it destroys no American lives and no American ships. President Wilson has proposed Its abandonment because compliance with this proviso is Impossible. Germany is In the po sition of Shylock. who could not take a pound of Antonio's flesh without shedding Christian blood. She cannot send submarines against allied com merce without occasionally killing neutrals. Therefore she aska us to keep our citixens off British ships that she may sink them and drown their crews without embarrassment. This is tantamount to asking the United States to facilitate her cause by yield ing up part of our rights. A "tinker's dam" is a rim of dough to keep solder In place and Is Just about worthless. Hence, argues a, letter writer in tne ,r York sun. It is not profane to say, "I don't give a tinker's dam.' while "I don't give a damn" la distinctly suphurous. The argument Is highly sophistical. Profanity de pends on how you feel, not on what you say. A celebrated bishop was In the habit of swearing furiously on the golf-links, though all he said was "tut. tut." A sober citizen w'ho la in the habit of sleeping outdoors says nine species of birds twitter about his head In the dewy dawn. AmorTg them are three or four varieties of humming bird, which swoop down with a furious buzz and almost touch his face. He uttracts the birds by providing a shallow- basin of water and banishing cats. They reward lilm with gladsome ditties and catch bugs besides. The court rules that marriage Is not an offense to be punished with pro fessional ruin, at least as far aa teach, ers are concerned. How men who profess to hold family life In high e term could bring themselves to dis miss a teacher for marrjlng a hus band and making a home is a mjstery. Fortunately their Judgment In this matter was not final. The real utility of at least one mon arch is easily estimated Just now. No body knows whether the Sultan of Turkey Is alive or dead. Rumor In clines to think he Is dead. And yet Turkish affairs go serenely on. ,V Imagine the world would manage to wag If all the Sultan's brother mon arch! were even as he Is. The fatal termination of a quarrel between crotchety old men In the Sol diers' Home at Itoaeburg Is what may be expected to happen in an eleemos ynary institution for aged people. Many of the Inmates are irresponsible at timos. and are disposed to magnify trifles until obsessed with desiro for revenge. When, after lapse of years, a gen ius shall have solved the problem of gravity, perhaps Bunker Hill Monu ment will be taken around the coun try via aeroplane and exhibited to a people thirsty for lore of our early days. Ideas of the bigness of the resources of Australia are somewhat upset by the news of shortage In wheat, meat, sugar and butter, occasioned by long drouth. As this Is the mid-Winter season there, the prospect la gloomy. Having retired from the lottery business, the Government will sell 4S.000 acres of the Flathead reserve next month to the highest bidders. This mode of disposal will not be as popular as the chance method. Roosevelt announces he will speak but twice on this Coast this trip both times at the Exposition cities. Here is where we miss the late Mrs. Wood cock, whose drawing power was of National fame. That Is a mother In Israel down at St. Johns who, after raising sever. teen, eleven of them her own. applied for tho sixth orphan esterday. A bench awaits her In front of the great white throne. Portland Is not competing with the big three cities for the National Re publican Convention next year, but If Commissioner Baker can hurry along the Auditorium she may think of It. The French and Germans cannot desire the Souchez Cemetery for btud ne.vs purposes, for It la not large enough for the wholesale business In which they are engaged. No. those men In red fezzes were not fugitives from the Turkish army on the Gallipoll Peninsula. They are too happy and well fed to have been Turkish soldiers. It is not so much worry about the threatened mule ships as It Is anxiety for the fate of the colored gentlemen who are chambermalding the animals. Al Jennings ran now describe the sensations of the train-robber's vic tim as well aa those of the robber, from personal experience. The Kurds In Mush who are kill Ing Armenian Christians need to have the whey knocked out of them by civilized army. Gonzalez says the Zapatistas fled from Mexico, but they will probably say they made a strategic movement to the rear. King George has been throwing the bull con Into the British fleet, bit what the world wants Is to see It In action. To learn which I the most popular candidate) of tho three Borah. Cum mins and Hughes ask any barber. St. Johns w ill be the Prom f Port land for disciplinary purposes of the police and lire bureaus. VVhy do many men feel a spasm of envy when they hear a man lias mar ried his stenographer? Remembering a glorious week three years ago. Portland knows how Los Angeles feels. The Kalsep has a new grandson to Inherit a world of trouble. "Information Portland first. for Tourists" European .War Primer By Natloaal beesnipklrsl Society. Over one of the most difficult moun tain passe in Kurope. Slelvlo Pass, an Italian column of Invasion Is reported to be pushing Its dangerous and pain ful advance. A description of this rocky way will explain to Americans why the progress of aa Invader over this path must necessarily be alow and made only at dreadful cost. Stclvlo 1'swa. where the highest waKon road In all Kurope takes its course between Italy and Austria near the borders of Swttxerland. begins Its climb among a wild tangle of hills, plunges I Brunch, a savage ravin, and struggles tortuously out again, over a toostr.g sea of rocks, writhing like a monster serpent In agony,- now going forward, now doubling back upon It self. It la filled throughout Its course with sharp hairpin turns, as It lifts Itself ever higher up the mountain cote, until It reaches a point :vO eel above the sea. Xhe summit of this pasa Is the high t point in the world accessible to arrlages: tt reaches su feel higher han the estimated Hue of perpetual now. In the latitude of rUelvlo. There Is an Indescribable grandeur about the scenery at the summit, and. also, an Indescribable bleak savagery In Its manner, which, aa a war theater, must make the effect appslllr.g. The magni ficent onler-Spits commands the way. with Its massive brother crags. The mash and echo of mountain artillery amoi.g these awiul rocks la almost unthinkable. tobed In eternal snow, the forbid ding Orller-Sr.t sends enormous glaciers Into the valley below the road. tjreat rork masses, themselves the six of mountains. stream In rugged. broken, black-seared pattern around he way. By the side of the deep ravine Into which the glaciers sink, the roadway, often fascinating In It aegcil sheerncss. Is carried up within a stone's throw of the glaciers, and Is bordered with pinnacled rocks. Formerly this waa the mot danger ous of the passages of the Alps, swept unexpected avalanches, scoured by bitter winds, and often overlaid with' a-heroua Ice and fallen debris. Avalanche galleries, cut through the solid rock or constructed of maaonry. have made It more secure, protecting hose using the pasa from overhead destruction and from the precipices hat (11 by the roadside. Romans forced Iheir way throush his nerve-trying passage, and through his high, mountain niche Austria oured her legions to suppress revolts n Italy. In li. the Italians and the French drojie the Austrian soldiers back over tnis road: but all these strusclee happened before the days of ptovrd mountain artillery. The pres. ent road was constructed by the Aus- trlans In 1S:4. to serve them xji way of military communication with their possesHiona In Italy. It was Improved lu 1170. as a means of civil communi cation, and It has become one of the most admired of tourist objectives. At the summit of Slelvlo. I0o feet above the sea. a stone pillar marks the highest point in the pass, and here three frontlera meet among the clouds. A hotel guards the helshts. and nearby riscV the freli.prachenptle. "the peak of three languages." where tie rnmn. Italian and Komanlsh clash on com mon ground. Like the ascent from Italy, the descent follows an equally tortuous, difficult totirse. The whole way forma one of the least accom modating war theaters that well might be imagined. Lublin Is the latest town In Russian Poland to come Into prominence by- reason t.f the changing Uerman-Rus- n battle lines. It has become the Immediate objective of th- armies under Field Marshall von Mackcnsen. in the line of the forward drive of the Austro-Oermans In the direction of Warsaw. The city Is the third most Important In Russian Toland. Warsaw. Ijaat and l.ublin are the three most Important manufacturing centers In Russian Poland. Like Lods, Lublin has a large textile Industry, being one of the Important Itussmn district for the production of threads and yarn, linen and hempen goods nd woolen stuffs. The Industry of this place hM been upon an upward trend for a number of ers. and Its factories were beginning to take a more Im portant share in the supplying of th home textile market. The country around 1-ublin la a very rich agricul tural country, and the town had a large end crowing commlsrtorf trade In grains and cattle. . Lublin, the capital of a district of the same name, la built upon a small tributary of the lepra, about ! miles auulh-southeast of Warsaw. It about (1 m.le from the Austrian llallclan frontier, due north of Jaroslav. and not far southeast of Ivangorod. the great llusaian fortresa guarding the approach to Warsaw from the south. It Ilea upon the Warsaw. Kiev Hallway. The population of the cuy. which haa crown considerably with the Increasing prosperity of its In dustry, la ii.uOo. There are several nne pulaces of Polish nobles at lAiblln and an Interesting, ancient citadeL The old fortifications of the place have been destroyed. It Is the headquarters of the hourteenth Russian arniv corps. Lublin, whose life reaches far bark In paxt centuries, la a rlly rich In mem ories of the 1'oles- last stand for free dom and Independence. F.alaar a a Tltseaa. The Worlds Work for July. The tlncan la the emblem of civiliza tion. Its absence defines the savage: Its use sets apart from barbarian the modern, forehanded, sanitary man. It Is civilization's defense against the leanness of lean yraia and against the attacks tf carnivorous germs. It Is Important, therefore, that one of the most completely exhibited things at the Panama-Pacific Imposition at San Francisco la the tlncan, both In Its manufacture and In It use. It baa been Improved In the List ten years: tho toj and bottom are no longer soldered on. they are crimped on. so that no corrosion can result from acid contents. Cans are now sealed In a vacuum, so that no bacterial chance ran be set up within. Tho processes In these direction have been vastly Improved. And the machinery for making cana (exhibited In the Palace of Manufactures! and the machinery for tilling and sealing ther.t (exhibited In the I'ulnre of Horticulture) have been perfected until the process In each case Is now a continuous process, and a process wholly mechanical. In which the workmen share with their han. Is only to pull levers and adjust ap paratus. Psssserts. IITLI-KB" RO. Or.. July 11. To the Kditor. I K Indl y inform me from whom and whero 1 'tats procure passport. Would L'nlted States clt liens, born In Jermany. be denied admittance to I'rench possessions In the Pacific dur. Ing progress f the present war? Also, would the l'nlted Statea Government protect its citixens of tierman' orlxln? Are there any fee a connected with ob taining a passport, and If so, how mu h? CHARI.KS J. MILI.KIL Address all your Inquiries to Depart ment of Slate. Bureau of Cltlxenehlp. Washington. 1. C. Qseatlsss lai C rlsssxe, ASTORIA. Or.. July . To the Kdi tor. I It possible to make 1 at crib bage and what J the court for four of a kind. SI'PSCUIHKR. A 1 hand la Impossible, kind connt IS. Four of a COLVMBIS M.1V HAVn BF.EM JEW Mystery f Birthplace asid Other t lr I rssiitaaers Cited aa ETMraee. PORTLAND. July II. tTo the Edi tor.) In answer to the query In The Oregonlan regarding the nationality of Columbus, permit me to contribute these gleanings: For more than 100 years It was assumed that Columbus was a devout memoer of the Itonian Catholic church. It would be strange. Indeed. If It were proven that be was not, as that was the prevailing religion at that time In Kurope. Ovlrdo. a page at the court of Ferdinand and Isabella, who saw Columbus after his nrst re turn from America In 11. mentioned no fewer than six Italian towns claim ing, the honor of his birth. One author even attempted to prove that Columbus waa born la England, "tienoa. which I recoajiised aa bis birthplace, points out two houses In which It Is claimed the navigator was born, one In the Caroglo Frltto. discovered by M. Mag. Iiero In IMS. and another at Cozoleto. on the way to bavona. bearing the date I IsiO. lKcumentary evidence la also shown the tourist In the town of Albis siola that Columbus was born there, while the documents shown at Savorta Prove his birth at that I lace. At yulnto. .Nrl and Kogllasco proof la presented that he waa born In each of these places, while at Chlavarl. Cossrrta. Finale, Notre, Milan and Modcna proofs will be furnished that he was born In each of these towns. If one goes to Calvl. Corsica, the street where he was born and lived will be shown him. also his statue, erected under the auspices of the French government. No fewer than four cities have erected marble monuments to their son. Christopher Columbus: la two may .be found the register of his baptism, and opinion are not wanting which claim for him Jreek nationality. Thla -secret of Columbus" was his Jewish faith and parentage. There was aiso doubt as to his true name. In his rontract with the Spanish King and Uueen we fnd the name -Crisloval Colon": u was also Cnlom and Colombo. while hia mother's name was Susannah Fonlarossa. one author asserts that Columbus had the form and face of a Jew; that his eompanlona were Jews; that he read Jewish books: that Jews aided him la his expedition, and that many Jews were among the men who aided hlin In his discoveries; and his delusion late la life that he waa the Messiah was caused by his Jewish asso ciations. I " T II f.KnMix AitM mii n to Mr.tun Assreelatle t-abecrtber Asks l ight ea era I rata Oeesssils. SKASIDF, Or.. July 11. tTo the F.dl tor. I am a constant reader of The Oregonlan and am especially interested In Jour editorials. A few of your cor respondents would like e of the new from Kurope concerning the war. Your attitude In reply was good. I thought. I believe many of votir readera would deeply regret if jou did not give ua all the mm you caiw Many, I know, look for tho war news first. I would like to say how much I ap preciate your editorials on account of their fairness. Your attitude as re gards neutrality cannot be questioned lou have met the facta and been mot generous to both aides In the terrible conflict. It I my desire to a.U my tes. tlmonv of pleasure to the admirable way In which you handle the dellcat task of commenting on international issues. lour editorial of yerterdav on the "Cause of Holt Crimes'- contained statement that was a bit surprising to'" ,l1'' rights. In the event of hi re. me. It would be a favor If jou would kindly evpluin how such was the case. "It waa a Oerman shipment of war ma terial to lluerta which caused the American occupation of Vera Crux." AN HHKiioMAX IlOct.'iTER. When President Wilson obtained authority from Congress to secure snt- Isfaciion for the Insult to the flag at!"- 1 Tamplco. the steamer Yplranga with j,'J,'n catso of war material from Germany for lluerta was approaching Vera Crux. In view of possible hostilities. It was Important to prevent this cargo from reaching lluerta. For that reason American force clxed Vera Crux In stead of Tamplco. where the Insult had been offered to the fla. and the oc cupation was hastened. I lea ls After I'leale. PORTLAND. July ir. tTo the Kdl tnr.) July 4 and S I spent on the trails In the vicinity of Multnomah Fail, and Sunday evening passed the falls en route for Itrldal Veil. The place had been crowded with picnicker all day: lunches had been spread on every available spot, and the entire acene wa marred by debris. Papers, papers, papers, newspaper, paper plates, paper napkins. paper boxes. fragments of cake and sandw-lches. sardine cans, cheese, orange and banana peellni; thla ts the condition the next day'a ouiinc parties found It In. only to Inn It worse than before. It I a pity lhat the beautiful r-laces of which every Oregonlan la Justly proud should be spoiled In this way. Cannot the newspapers of the country do something to call attention to this disagreeable and unnecessary custom? The Mazamas are alwa particular to clean up after a lunch, leaving the spot aa fresh and clean aa when thev found tt. Cannot other people do aa much? A PKXsns' WHO ADMIRES WHAT SIM N HAS DON I- The Orexsslaa araaaed. PORTLAND. July II. tTo the Editor-) 1 recently returned from a trip through several Eastern state, while visiting my native state, Ohio, on my way. During that trip I read and reread some or the old. familiar newspaper of those state, among them belnsr the old Clnclinritl Kntulrer. a paper which I formerly eonldered one without a peer, especially Its editorial page. Hut of all those Kastern papers I found none to surpass your paper. The Ore. gonlan. and few equaled It. and 1 want to compliment you on our good, newsy and well-edited paper. Taking Issue with you sometime on opinion expressed In your paper. I want to give you credit, however, for your honest statementa which, after all. have nearly lilt the mark In the center. I especially congratulate voit on your strong editorial. S. It. M ITCH CI. L. The Isieslsr ( the .ssHae. World's Work for July. On August 1 2. tt4. two week after the outbreak of the Kuropcan War. there died In Newark. N J the man whose llfework, prohablv more than any other man of his time, promises to revolutionise naval warfare. The newspaper, busy recording the In vasion of RclgUim ard the war prep, aratlona of Kngland dismissed his death with a paragraph or two. Who Who contains no reference to him. On September 2 last, a tlermr.n sub marine torpedoed and sank the British ships Abouklr. Cressy and Hogue. The man who died In Ms little Newark home had made possible that and other catastrophe. The deed man wa John P. Holland, and he will become Immortal as the inventor of the modern submarine. .Mease Kewaoaalea, r.oston Transcript. Husband I don't see w hy you hare account In ao many different (totes Wife I.ecause. my dear. It makes the bills so much smaller. la the lec aiar stale. Calveston (Tex.) New a. We don't know how It I with the ( sordid Mates, but .n Texaa child labor i I confined largely to baseball on the I back Iota 1 Twenty-Five Years Ago From The Oreconlsn. Ju'y 11. 1 Tlie) emanciret.on of the streetcar mule. Is to be lollowed by tl.e freedom of the j stl. nt i-rorcllcr of the tan.il boat. An electrical engineer of Hul falo has devised a lan of moving canal boats by elei trlc.ty. the overhead trolley svjteni bring used. It la claimed that tha pe d can Ue greatly Increased without danger to l!.e canal banks. At the same time the coat of t:ie operation will be sralcd down one half. Klrctrtctty seems to lc go.r.,1 into every l-ranch .f human activity. Covtnty Commissioner P. M. runr now rcs.dea at his country residence on Skibbere-en ltelgrhta and irlrs In and out daily in a han.some vehicle In the natural wood. Aa ome ma v ot know wl.ere r-kibberceu lie. chit ate. It may be aid that It Is ti e liare formerly owned by Faul Schulsc. out fto.lnear the old Cornell rlacau which, waa recently bought bv John Kelly and Commissioner Lunne and named by t.le lawcr i-kibberreu HrisM. Professor Horr.su. the successful bel loti ascender, appears today at the Oambrlnua tjardens. 1'ancin: will commence at 2 I. M. The professor haa ascended lor the past three even ing before an admiring audience. K II. Sothern's season, which closed at Puluth June 1 w.is a lor t one. covering 47 w eek. n tv.e w v.ole the season was a sucvesefu! one. IjONPhN. Julv II .dco from Japan stales that t: ere is a growing animosity acainst forelunets tn that count i y and that several hae been at tacked in an unJuetinaMo manner In the etrrets of Toklo and okuama The native ptrss Is ntd r.c in sturine tre prejudices of the pe'Plc aanut strangers. Mr. Huxxell put sone tar in a Tin Tail iimI placed It upon the rivtr to melt t:c other d.iv. vs the I.ewietort Journal. In the bottom of te pad us a smalt hole l!;at had not leen no ticed. Aa the tar began to mlt It flowed through the hole and sion tooV rt re. making a lively blase. Mr. Huxxell setaed t!ie pail and started to run out of doors with It. in dome which he re ceived some palnf a burns on tve hand. In his hurry he did not see the ehep hertl dog Ivlnc on the floor ard stum bled over him. spilling a quantity of the hurninc tar on the dog tail, which waa long and bushy. The dog. scared out of r's wlte and Hith bnrntn: ta'.l flaring up Ike torch. began running around the kiichen and dlninc-room. setting lire to the walls, woodwork. table and chairs. Finallv they managed to gel the dog out of doors and the animal extinguished lu own Are by rolling. The altl of about &0 men from the tannery was obtained and by great e v -ertlona the fire was finally extinguished, as there was a good supply of stater at 1 and A It wa damage to the extent of JSoO wa done by the fire, the losa being covered by Insurance. The doK waa very banly injured and. al though alive. It ta doubtful tt he re cover. Half a Century Ago It l slated that the Kmperor of Aus tria agrees to reinstate Maxmllian In turn from Mezlco. Slv team from Pltter l:ol Valley, of the emigration from the Stalea in l4. were encamped on Clay street on Tuesday. Each team baa a family, w ho. havinc wintered In the Rltter Root (country, now come among ua seeking Ihomes. They were formerly frcn Kan- ss, Tho-e or our good people who to converse with nem-comer be free to Impart the Truest knowledge tf the country possible to them. r..me of us know very Weil the disadvantage the emigrant ha to en counter upon reaching our state. Give them a welcome such a a brother need In a strange land. The Indian In Baker County still continue as annoying as ever. Our in formant furnishes us a full account of their denredattona on Until River and n the Powder River Valley. Some of liese we have already Slacken of. late ly they have renewed their attacks upon the inhabitant of that section. Traveling Is id now to be really dan gerous. On tb.e right of July X a party of li timnit attacked a Frenchman shout six miles front the Express ranch, eerl ously wounding him with both gunshot and arrow, and drove off eight team mule and two ick Imlns. taking the property toward v illow reek and Malheur Kiver. The savages are daily seen on ilic surrounding hill anil the l ti habitants are In constat. t fear for their lives. In powder Unrr Valley there exists similar alarm. A miner whose name Is not known waa shot and killed a a.' or I litre since on Shasta Creek. Several other I eron have been wounded. A grest amount of stock has been driven off and these predatory acta continue to be of dally occurrence. A party of four miners, who went out In search of st-den property, had a brush Ith some Indians and killed one of them, recovering six animal. This oc curred near the F.xpres Mnrh a few la ago. party of to men met a number of Indiana near the same place sliortly after, but. after omo fighting, retired, as they were greatly outnum bered. A company of 7i Volunteers la being organi-ed for service In that vi cinity. It was at first reported thai the new Missouri constitution had leen rejected by the eople at the election held on June K. but later advices. It I said, leave no doubt of It adoption hy a de. coied majority. The principal feature of thl. new instrument are: The dis franchisement of ail who have aided or betted retllion. the immediate abol ishment of slavery instead of grawual emari, ipailon. and the extension to the negroea of all civil rights except that of suffrage. If thla constitution haa carried It will ril Missouri of the rest less spirits that hive been the causa of all the troubles and distress which have visited that elate. The establishment of a line of steam vessel from S.n Francisco to thtna a work which will prove of Incalculable benefit to the Pa. if lc Coast. It will open a new c- annrl for the commerce of the mtst populous portion of the globe. Thla enterprise, taken In con -ticction with the Pacific Kail read, will put the l'nlted Statea In a new posi tion In relation to th Immense opu lence of Asia. Meaaaareaaaeaf ef m l-awxer. New York Sun. Iliggs Crooke la a criminal lawyer, isn't he? Dlgg" He's a lawyer, hut a to Ms being criminal. I tl.'.nk he's too careful to quite overstep the line. Build Up in Newspapers Mr. Manufacturer, you are now planning our I all advertising and sc. ling campaign. YVT.at ou do now means ucces or t he rev erse, Have you made newspapers lhat directly reach constimer and dealer the foundation of your plan? If you have ou have t-ken the first steps to success. Newspapers are not an Incidental, they are the main stem. With them sucess la reasonably certain.