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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 15, 1915)
THE MOIiN'IXG OREGOXIAX, THURSDAY. APRIIi 15, 1915. i i: i T. UK IS PLENTIFUL Ofj BATTLE FRONT British Army, With Rum as Part of Ration, Long Way From Water Wagon. DISCIPLINE IS PERFECT Lire Chickens Seen in Fire Area Troves Ttestraint McCormick Comments on Relative "Use of "Weapons of AYarfare. ' BY ROBERT R. M'CORXICK. 5 fWlr Correspondent of the rhicaso Trib- J una. Copyright. 1915. by the Tribune. Pub- lished by Arrangement.) I WRITTEN UNDER SHELL FIRE AT ' TPKES. March, 23. I wonder if I can I write a thousand words about drink in j the allied armies without taking- one. It would be easy to write inspired ; stuff on either side of that vexed ques- tion. I could truly say. for instance, that -. in a stay of five days with French and Kngllsh I had not seen as many drinks ; of whisky taken 'cheers from thedrys.) I could say with equal truth that nine out of ten men in both armies ,1.800.000 i out of 2.000.000 men, on the fighting : line, drink alcoholic beverages every ; dav and bring comfort to those who : hold that beer, not Blucher. beat K- . polcon. Rum Serve In Trenches. The British soldiers are served a t ration of rum in the trenches Just as they are served beef and biscuits. I do ; not know whether Tommy takes it traight. with a chaser, in a highball, or southern style as a julep. But the - tact is he sets it officially from his ' government and the statement that the '; British army is on the water wagon is ) the bigirest canard of the war. ; Whether the rum cheers him In his . trials or irritates his overtaxed nerves, ; whether it Rives him courage to light : or unsteadies his hand and dims his ; eve I must leave for those with fixed .' views on the subject to decide. I am : writing facts, not propaganda. Furthermore, at every mess I at- : tended, both French and British, the : officers all drank the wine of the : country. ; Wine ffcopa Are Thriving. ; All the wine shops in the war zone X lire open and their owners will all be ) Waldorfs and Astors if the front docs i not move soon. i The line is held 10.000 men to the mile, men who daily undergo the "feu"( I and get the "soif." : At Ypres today we lunched at an inn whose roof had been blown off by a shell. I asked the proprietor why he j did not move into another building. - The license was only for the place, was the reply. ; I took a picture of a little wine shop ' just in the rear of the English lines at j It was within long rifle range of the German trenches. A man had been hit by a bullet near there a few days be- I fore. J Off duty the British soldiers drink I beer when they can get it, the French wine. Strong drink is available in ; many places, but is not in demand. An ! Knglish officer told me that the army I canteens established this habit. How- 5 ever, he has been through six cam- J paigns and at home would not be al- ) lowed to speak on military subjects. f Ikb of Intoxication Seen. I In the time I was at the front I never saw a soldier of either army who I in voice or manner gave any sign of intoxication. - i A few observations purely of a mili- tary nature, quite apart from the sub f ject of drink at the front, may be of interest. J Aside from the enormous numbers , engaged, the transport question is sim- ! pie. The war is being fought within a I few hours of Europe's greatest capi- ' tats. All the resources of the coun- ; tries are -utilized. Railroads abound. - nnd the country roads are as good as ! our parkways. Certainly the troops 1 are amply fed or marvelously disci- plined. as the number of live chickens I running round even in the fire zone amply shows. 5 There is no question that the bayonet I Is in constant use and that when the ' armies were coming into contact con- J siderablo damage was done by saber ' and lance. Not only did cavalry charge ' cavalry but there are authentic in- .stances where cavalry rode through in ! fantrv. This is largely due to the na- ture of the country, which Is unlike f anvthing in America. The mountain 1 ous part or New Jersey is not entirely unlike it, Artillery Tremendously Ascendant. t The roads are winding and lined with i hedges, walls and rows of trees, so ' that cavalry patrols sight each other : at short distances. At the outbreak of the war the English were leaning to : the opinion that cavalry upon sighting the enemy should dismount and open fire. However, the first one-half troop of cavalry to sight the enemy was commanded by a young lieutenant, who without a moment's hesitation com. manded. "Draw sabers, charge' He got the jump on the Germans and ' defeated a larger force than his own. This advantage in morale established, " the British cavalry was given orders always to charge on sight. It has gained brilliant successes and has also met some ghastly repulses. The tremendous ascendancy of ar- tillery due to mechanical perfection, motor- transportation, and aeroplane ' reconnaisance. has taken away from ' the effectiveness of rifle fire, i it is now the practice to build trenches on the s-ide of the hill away , from the enemy to conceal their ' whereabouts from artillery, so their ' Hold of fire Is reduced from 1000 to ! 2000 yards down to as many hundreds ' or even less. i Also the character of the ground and ! the presence of abundant cover favor ' the advance of infantry to close quar- ' ters. At all events, the Infantry fre- quentlv fights with the most awkward 1 weapon yet devised by man, a knife fastened on a rifle. l w of Rifle Slot raderatoed. It is absurd for a civilian to criti j cize the practice of these great sol- j, w.. t i , HaMava that TTiirn- 11 1 e I , UUl . IV " " . i . . . reans understand the use of the rifle. "ot that Americans do now. But when we remember that Preston's men stopped English regulars at Bunker Hill with fowling pieces and that Jackson's Kentucky riflemen and Louisiana pirates stopped Wellington's t-oiruiitrs at New Orleans, it would seem that a well-trained, brave man with a modern rifle would always kill a well-traineu. orava man wim cayed spear. Of course everybody outside of pol itics knows that the ste--ly advance of trained men with bayc .ets will in evitably drive out raw troops. Thev do not use a revolver or auto matic pictol for fighting at all. The British officers use a revolver as a badge of authority to replace the sword. The Fronch and German non coms carry it to compel the privates .Hnnre. but it has no use as a weapon against the enemy. In artillery me uermu French have followed separate schools. The Germans have developed the pon derous howitzers, the French the little "seventy-fives." The German guns have greater range, greater hitting power, the French greater mobility and more rapid rate of fire. The French gun, once laid, "can be fired an Indefinite number of times without resighting. This is especially valuable in repelling night attacks. The gun is laid by daylight on the ground to be crossed by the enemy, which upon, signal it can make impas sable. New World Examples Followed. The English do not seem to have excelled in any particular artillery weapon at the outbreak of the war, but their artillerymen stood to their guns against all odds. It is said by some that massed batteries at close range saved the day at Ypres, but at awful cost to the cannoneers. This war is following the lessons of the Potomac and the Mississippi rather than those of the old world battlefields. Attack has failed. Entrenchments have become indispensable. The great forts, badly defended to be sure, fell an easy prey to the great guns, but the rifle pit properly con cealed is master of the 42. Artillery fire and infantry attack can drive defenders from the first line trenches, but no combination has been found by either side to obtain decided success. Nothing can dim the luster of Na poleon or Moltke, but the war now waging is at last bringing European recognition to the genius of Grant, The first side to produce a Grant is likely to win. DYE CARGOES MAY PASS BKITAIV REQIIRES COSIGX.ME.T TO SECRETARY REDFIELD. Steamers Aiow at Rotterdam to Be Per mitted to Pass Through Allies' Block, ade I'nder Neutral Flag. WASHINGTON, April J4. Officials of the State Department were prepared to night to take up with the German gov. ernment the last step necessary to sap ply American textile millers with two cargoes of German dyestuffs bought and paid for with American cotton be fore March 1. The way was cleared by the announcement that the British government had agreed to permit these cargoes to come through from Rotter dam under certain conditions, the re cent order-in-council aimed at all com merce to or from Germany being set aside to that extent. As tho position taken previously by the German government has been that it would permit the shipment of dye stuffs in exchange for cotton or copper, some officials believed there would bo little difficulty in getting these two cargoes out of Germany to Rotterdam. At any rate, only the consent of Ger many Is necessary to get this much needed supply for American mills, and State Department officials will co operate with the millers' agents in ef forts to complete the transaction. The arrangement is understood to have been effected directly with the British government by the representa tive in London of the American textile manufacturers and no provision is made for the supply of dyestuffs to the regular dealers in this country. Great Britain requires that the cargoes shall be consigned to Secretary Red field, of the .Department of Commerce, and that the vessels shall sail under a neutral flag. No fewer than 16 American vessels with cargoes of various descriptions have been detained in British ports recently, according to British officials here, solely because of the failure of the shippers to obtain or use proper certificates and to give notice that con ditions laid down by the British gov ernment had been complied with. Another avoidable cause of delay is said by the British officials to be fail ure of American shippers to separate contraband from other cargoes. ORIENTALS SEE BRYAN DIPLOMATIC CALLS THOICHT TO BEAR OS PEKIX SITUATION. Chinese Minister Said to Have Dis cussed Ynapa Plan for Levy of Internal Revenue Tax. WASHINGTON, April 14. Secretary Bryan held separate conferences today with Viscount Chinda, the Japanese Ambassador, and Kai Fu Shah, the Chinese Minister, in which it is believed the pending Japanese-Chinese negotia tions were discussed. No announce ment was made by the State Depart ment or the visiting diplomats as to the subjects under discussion. The Japanese Ambassador was with Mr. Bryan nearly a half hour and was followed by the Chinese Minister, who talked with the Secretary even more at length. Officials here have been kept closely Informed of the progress of the confer ences at Pekin and often points in the various demands have been informally discussed by the diplomatic representa tives of the Japanese and Chinese gov ernments, respectively, with the State Department, Press reports have indi cated that a deadlock had been reached in the negotiations at Pekin, but offi cials here decline to reveal the nature of official advices from the Chinese capital. It is understood that one of the ob jects of the Chinese Minister's visit was to explain to Secretary Bryan the plans which President Yuan-Shi-Kai has instituted for the operation of the internal revenue tax. Arrangements for the collection of the tax in respect to foreigners must be made in advance with foreign powers, and it is said de tails in this connection were under dis cussion today. PRESBYTERY QUITS TODAY Place or Meeting and Missionary Conference 1'et Before Pastors. t 4 inivnp Hr Artril 14. (Spe cial.) With only the next place of . K a A art Thursday. meemiK ii i the annual Grand Ronde. Presbytery, which is in session nere, wm tomorrow. Rev. F. Throw, of Wallowa, was elected moderator for the ensuing year and Rev. Mr. Laurie, of Baker, clerk. The missionary branch will convene late tomorrow and delegates from all Eastern Oregon are nere wr sion. Among the important speeches today and tonight are sermons from pastors at Enterprise, Baker, Nyssa, Elgin. Juntura, Halfway, Burns and Wallowa. Revival N'ets 140 at Junction City. JX'NCTION CITY, Or.. April 14. (Spe cial.) A revival wave swept over this city under the leadership of Bruce Evans, evangelist, who conducted union meetings here for three weeks. One hundred and forty were converted. The Methodist Episcopal Church, where the meetings were held, was packed to its capacity, people attending the meetings from Creswell. Eugene. Springfield, Irving, Riverview and Landcaster. Mr. Evans is in Eugene this week before going to Grants Pass, where he will conduct meetings. Australia contains about 45 horses to every 100 residenfcs. CHARITY TO ENEMY URGED BY BRITON Eton Headmaster's Sugges tion Is Assailed as "Un patriotic and Visionary." DOCTOR WOULD CURB HATE Kindness and Generosity Enjoined in Treatment of Germans at End of "War Editors Ridicule "Arcadian" Picture. LONDON, March 24. (Correspond ence of the Associated Press.) Dr. Lyttleton, headmaster of Eton, in an address in St. Margaret's Church, on the grounds of Westminster Abbey, has declared it to be England's duty to ex tend the principles of Christian charity to Germany, and as the result he is being assailed on all sides as an un patriotic and a foolish visionary. "Such dangeroua and pernicious stuff as was put forward by the head master of Eton," comments the Globe, "almost induces a desire for a muzzling order. While the newspapers are bid den by the censor to walk with the ut most circumspection, we have Dr. Lyttleton airing his views unchecked both in articles and speeches." Kindness and Generosity Preached. The parts of the doctor's address that in particular offended the press were these: "If we are going to act as a Chris tian nation we are bound to apply to Germany the principle of Christian charity on a scale to which we have never risen before. Our obligation is so to act that the German hatred of us shall be removed; that 60,000,000 fel low creatures should be saved from the ruin of a poisoned mind. It. at the end of the war we say we are not going to part with a single inch of territory or a single privilege, all-1 can say is we are abandoning the principle of Christianity." 1 At the end of the war. Dr. Lyttleton explained. Germany will be filled with vindicative wrath against England-. To avert this. England must prove kind and generous. Germans believe that the English preach morals and never act on them, so England must prove her loftiness of view to the Germans, Hatred MaKes War Failure. "It may be," he continued, "that we are fighting for our existence as an empire, but from whatever point you may view the objective of the war, surely we must, as Christian people, acknowledge that if the effect of it is to make 60,000,000 million people hate us. the war will have been an entire failure." He then said that unless England ofefred to give up some possession for a reason that she is trying to enforce on others,, she would be charged with "consummate hypocrisy." He believes that the Kiel canal" should be interna tionalized, but that in making the proposal England should couple it with a promise to internationalize Gibraltar. Expanding this thought, he added: "If we intend to hold fast to every thing we have gained in the past and some of them possessions gained by questionable means and we say we are not going to part with a single inch of territory or a single privilege, all I can say is we are abandoning the principle of competition." -Idyllic Picture Ridiculed. The Evening Standard comments on the address: "It is an idyllic, arcadian picture, suggestive of little Mary and her lamb and piping shepherds, and suggestive perhaps also of the old fable of the wolf and the lamb that refused to trust it." The paper then recounts the times at various crises Great Britain has inter vened in ,the interests of peace and praises the benefits her rule has brought to the -people of India and other colonies. SMITH AFFAIRS SETTLED Coos Bay Lumber Company Sow Parent Organization, Others Join. MARSHFIELD, Or., April 14. (Spe cial.) In a $3,000,000 mortgage record ed at Coquille, all the C. A. Smith in dustries and companies join the Coos Bay Lumber Company as mortgagors to secure a loan made by the Conti nental and Commercial Trust and Sav ings Bank, of Chicago. This mort gage is a further security In the af fairs of C. A. Smith, which recently were taken over by a board of trustees. The companies joining the Coos Bay Lumber Company, which is now evi dently the parent company, were the C. A. Smith Fir Company, Inter-Ocean Transportation Company, C. A. Smith Timber Company, C A- Smith Lumber & Manufacturing Company. C. A. Smith Timber Company and Smith-Powers Logging Company. Since the Smith interests went into the hands of the trustees, no change has been observed in this vicinity in operation. everything ha-ing been conducted as formerly. MILK BOTTLES ARE CHEAT Los Angeles People Los-e 4500 Pints a Day by Short Measure. LOS ANGELES, April 14. Eastern manufacturers of milk bottles were declared responsible today by the city sealer of weights and measures for the fact that housewives in Los An geles are being cheated out of about 4500 pints of milk a day. Seventy thousand short-measure bottles al ready have been found and confiscated and milk dealers showed by invoices of purchase that these bottles were sold as full-measure containers. Thirty thousand more short-measure bottles will be turned in and proceed ings, it was said, would be instituted against the bottle manufacturers to make good the losses. COTTON NOT CONTRABAND Britain Decides Military Advantage Makes Exclusion Inexpedient. LONDON, April 14. The British gov ernment has decided against placing cotton on the contraband list, A question was asked in the House of Commons today on this subject, and Neil Primrose. Under Secretary of Foreign Affairs, on behalf of the Foreign Office, replied that, after care ful consideration, it had been found that the military advantages to be gained by declaring cotton contraband were insufficient to render such a step expedient. ' Lewis Harcourt, Secretary of State for the Colonies, promised that the Do minions would be consulted fully in regard to the terms of peace. TODAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY "The Lost House" Four-Act Mutual Masterpiece Produced by ' D. W. GRIFFITH, the Great Director, From a Story , by Richard Harding Davis. A Play of Many Thrills Showing How a Slender Clue Saves the Life of a Beautiful Girl From a Fate -s Worse Than Death. Featuring Lillian Gish and Wallace Reid Also, "THE POLICE DOG" Funny Bray Cartoon I - , I I : -, - x .. . 1 lllPlI, - - . V ; flSlllirS - 'liIiSBfr - I'f i III M- 1 II I IAN GISH in OOR-PART MUTUAL MASTERPICTURE.PRODUCED BY-MAJESTIC . COMING SUNDAY COMING "THE DEVIL" The Greatest Sensation of All. Wonderful Mutual Masterpiece With a Moral for Those Inclined to Play With the Fire. FALABA IS German Version of Liner's De struction Is Given. BRITISH CREW IS ACCUSED Men, Taking Boats, Give No Assist" a nee to Passengers In Water, Says Berlin; 23 JUnntes is Time Declared Allowed. BERLIN, via Amsterdam to London, April 14. A semi-official account of the sinking of the British steamer Falaba by a German submarine March 28 was made public here today. It follows: "On T-erelvine- the signal. 'StOO Or I fire,' the Falaba steamed off and sent up rocket signals to summon help ana was onlv brought to a standstill after a chase of a quarter of an hour. "Doanite the danger of an attack from the steamer or from other vessels hurrying up, the submarine did not 1m mn1iatAlv fire but signaled that the steamer must be abandoned within ten minutes. The men of the Falaba quica ly entered the boats, although the launching took place in an unseanmu like manner. They failed to give as sistance, which was possible, to the passengers struggling in the water. 23 Minutes Elapse. "From the time of the order to leave . i .. . K 1 .Via (nrnpHn WAA diS- charged not 10, but 23, minutes elapsed. prior to which occurred tne cnase oi the steamer, during which period time might have been used to get the boats ready. -The torpedo was fired 'only when the approach of suspicious-looking 1- nrhirh an Attack WaS tO vcasciD, i " " be expected, compelled the commander of the submarine to taae quicti ncuuu. When the torpedo was discharged no body was seen on board the ship ex cept the captain, who bravely stuck to his post. Afterward some persons be came visible who were busy about a boat. Reaeae Deelared ImpoMlble. "Of the crew of the submarine the only ones on deck were those serving the" cannon or -those necessary for sig naling. It was impossible for them to engage in rescue work, because the submarine could not take on passen gers. ' "Every word is superfluous in tie fending our men against malignant accusations. At the judicial proceed ings in England no witness dared raise accusations. It is untrue -that at any time the submarine displayed the Eng lish flag, The submarine throughout the affair showed as much considera- BLAMED "THE LOST HOUSE S A 1 D M I S . S I O N 10? tion for the Falaba as was compatible with safety." BRITISH FISH0FF ALASKA Two Trawlers, Driven 1-Yom Nortn Sea by Mines, Are lit Work. SEWARD. Alaska, April 14. Two British steam trawlers, driven from the fishing banks in the North Sea by the menace of floating mines, are fishing in the Gulf of Alaska, according to of ficers of the United States coast cutter Manning, which arrived here yesterday from Sitka. The British trawlers are making their headquarters at Prince Rupert, B. C, but are cruising far out in the Gulf of Alaska. The Manning's officers said the trawlers, which were sighted off Montague Island at the en trance to Prince William Sound, are obeying the law and fishing well out side thre three-mile limit. English fishermen on the trawlers told the Manning's officers that the floating mines in the North Sea had In terfered with operations in those waters to such an extent that there is a short age of fish in England and they had come to the Alaska banks in the hope of making a handsome profit. Several American fishing schooners are fishing in the same vicinity as the British trawlers. MUNITION ORDERS HEAVY Pittsburg District rnnsuallr Busy on War Material Orders. PITTSBURG, April 14. Stories of unusual industrial activity in the Pitts burg district because of the presence of orders for war material were con firmed to the Associated Press today by representatives of several manu facturing concerns. At the Westinghouse Air-Brake Com pany it was said that special machinery had been installed and workmen were now making shrapnel shells, cartridge cases and fuses on a contract that will require a year to complete. The Westinghouse Electric & Manu facturing Company ' is making large projectiles for the war. Special ma chinery has been put in the shops. Several smaller concerns also are making ammunition. IDAHO LINE PROBABILITY Governor Alexander Plans Highway to Parallel North-South Koad. SPOKANE, Wash., April 14. (Spe cial.) Announcement of his backing for the construction of a state railroad to be paralleled by a state highway and to run from the northern part of Idaho to the southern part, the construction of which may necessitate the calling of a special session of the Idaho State Legislature, was made exclusively to the Review today by Governor Alexan der, of Idaho, who spent yesterday and today in the city. He announced that his plans for the railroad and highway were so far ad vanced in his own mind that his north ern trip at this time will culminate in his organizing a commission to investi- I gate a route thoroughly. He declared PEOPLES 51Sfc3: THEATER lOc West Park and Alder Leading Photoplay Houso Today, Tomorrow, Saturday Clyde Fitch's Big Hit will make all Portland sit up and take notice while it is on the screen at the " Peoples Theater. That wonderful matinee idol S. Miller Kent will give everyone who sees him one of the most glorious of motion picture memories in Clyde Fitch's world-famous play The Cowboy and The Lady This is the latest big feature at the Peoples. Mr. Kent was the star in "Raffles.' This is his first time on the screen. The production cost $40,000 and involved 5000 miles of travel. East and West meet in a remarkable play. "5s 5 10c Cents COMING SI'S DAY SNOBS STAR sUi milk sUaswa via Today Till i J. Warren will make a sensation in his first big character part that of scowling Kerrigan. Imagine it it sounds terrible, but it isn't, for Kerrigan is in LOVE. Tho play in which he makes a smashing hit is The Guardian of the Flock A Lesson From the Far East Ben Wilson and Dorothy Phillips in a great pulsing Chinese love story. Baseball Movies The real inside and exclusive pictures of the big opening game; also the close-up views of YOU that YOU saw the Star movie man take. The Animated Weekly His Only Pants A Fine Comedy. 10 Tents that Aaron Parker, of Grangevllle. a nd J J. Dav. State Senator of Latah Coun ty will be. on the commission. He will confer with a prominent "S'". said, within a lew aw " " " .nAune the name of a third member of the commission. Body of Missing KanchHand Found. "--WALLA WALLA, Wash April 14. (Special.) The body of J. Miler, miss ing for several weeks from the E. L. i:.B.. - Ti.t.h.ntr where he wells rancu " , " was foreman, was found yesterday in the uoiumDia xvii Santiseptic Cures Poison Oak or Itj. DruirEists refund It It fallr. Instantly re lleVe.'ftef.me'and irritation Deghlly coollnr and Forcing. r''"'- A" rtruirgl". KRYFIOK KRYPTOKS made by us cost no more than Kryptoks made by other opticians, but the Kryptoks supplied by us are better, being finished on specially made ma chines and in the finest, most completely equipped retail optical factory in Portland. Besides, we do all the work under one roof from the examination of your eyes to the accurate fit ting of the finished glasses THOMPSON OPTICAL INSTITUTE 209-10-11 Corbett Bldg. Fifth and Morrison rz& sssJ mhouf Iinesf tens S5 i.A,;. r Y 10c Cents THEATER WASHINGTON at WEST PARK Saturday Kerrigan America's Greatest Cigauetjte A-K Tablets For '1 Various Forms Of Headache "It II neoensary In order to treat heed, ebet properly to understand tbe oauiAt which produoe the a flection1' saya Dr. J. W. Kay of Blockton, Ala. Continuing, be u;n "Physicians cannot even begin the treat ment of a dloeaoe without knowing whet causes give rise to It, and we muni remem ber that headache lobe treated according to the same rule. We muit not only be par ticular to give a remedy intended to coun teractthe cauoe which produce! the head ache, but we mint alxo give a remedy to relieve tbe pain until the cauie of the trouble has been removed. To nmwer thin purpnae Antl-kamnla Tablotawlll be found a moat convenient and satisfactory remedy. One tablet every one to three bouraglvea com fort ' and reat In the moat aeverecasea of headache, neuralgia and particularly the headache! of women." When we bave a patient tmbjeet to regnlajr attack! of !lck headache, we abould caution him to keep hi! bowel! regular, for whlcb nothing li better than "Actolda", and when be feel! tbe leaxt alga of an oncoming attack, he ehould take two A-K Tablet. Such patient! ibould alwaya be Initructrd to carry a few Antl-kamnla Tablets, so sato have them ready for Inatant uae, Theae tablets are prompt In action, and can be depended oa to produce relief In very few minute!. Aekfor A-K Tablet. Antl-kamnla Tablets ean b obtained Mall drugglat.. 6 TZ . , n if i' n 11 A. in. to li i'. iu. i ' : -JAW liaj!MUHMMMUaaaiMj