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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 22, 1912)
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' aliaec, W., Laadoa. 3 PORTLAND. MOXDAT. APRIL. . THE DEMOCRATIC CONTENT. The race for the Democratic nom ination Is now between Governor Wil ton and Speaker Clark, with the lat ter In the lead for the present at least and gaining m many quarter. Wil ms derives his strength from the rank and file. North and South. whlle Clark's popular following Is rendered more effective by the backing of the party organisation and by the coali tion he has made with Harmon and i-nriorwnod against Wilson. Clark wMr th edse off his defeat in Penn irvlvanla by earning Nebraska, and. though Wilson carried Oregon, i 3rv.kr rave him little to apare. Clark has been making great gains In Iowa. Massachusetts. Texas. West Virginia. Kentucky and Maryland. Wilson's hardest fight Is In his o tate. where ex-Senator Smith a Nugent are vigorously campaigning In r Harmon. Clark having re mained out of the contest through rm.FiMr A divided delegation is in prospect In Ohio. Wilson Is backed there by the strong Bryan following. nri nnm has been stumping the state In an effort to kill off Harmon The outcome Is not easy to forecast. Wilson has a long lead in the South. He Is believed to have two-thirds of the voters in North Carolina, thougn I'nderwood Is forcing the fight through newspapers and circulars. In Kentuckv Wilson Is losing ground many of his supporters having deserted to Clark, but his managers are man Ing an aggressive campaign. Louis lana turns to him as first choice. Har mon as second. I'nderwood and Clark's advocacy of free sugar having spoiled their chances. The Maryland organ ization is divided between Clark and Harmon, but Is united In opposition to Wilson, who has the backing of the in denendent element. Wilson is still the strongest man in South Carolina, hay ing the support of Senators Tillman and Smith and Representative John son, but Underwood has made some Inroads on his following. Clark has no upport there. Wilson Is most favored by the Independent element in Ten nessee. Harmon by the, regulars, but I'nderwood is a general favorite with both factions and has made great gains. Wilson has made a breach In the Harmon ranks in Virginia and Is working to widen it. If West Vir ginia were to elect delegates today. Wilson would almost surely get them all. but Clark Is strong in the rural districts and is gaining In the cities. He Is the second choice. Connecticut is divided by a struggle between the state committee, which plans to send a delegation instructed for Harmon under the unit rule, and the Insurgents, who wish to have the delegates untrammeled. Clark has a majority of the Iowa state convention, and Wilson has been weakened by the withdrawal of two of his backers from the contest for state offices. Chances favor Clark in Massachusetts, where the rank and file of the state- leaders support him. while the "high brows" favor Wilson. Minnesota is practi cally conceded to Wilson, sentiment in his favor being overwhelming. The Michigan organization Is uncertain whether to concentrate on Clark or Harmon In order to head off the strong Wilson movement, which Is gaining many instructed delegates to the state convention, neither Clark nor Harmon having an Instructed delegate. South Dakota has a three-cornered contest among factions for the use of Wilson's name on the primary ballot, so unanimous is the state for the Gov ernor. Bryan Is the second choice of one faction. Clark of another. Wilson Is expected to carry the Cal ifornia primaries on May 14. though the result may be Influenced by pri maries and conventions In other states prior to that date. The tide of Wilson sentiment has evidently passed the flood, while that nf Clark sentiment Is fast rising. If Harmon has any strength. It has not yet developed, though his sponsors say it Is being held back purposely. At present the chances of the Ohio man as well as those of Underwood and of the several favorite sons rest in the possibility that Wilson and Clark may develop about equal strength, but that each may fall short of the necessary two-thirds. In that case, should the following of neither break ranks, both men might be dropped and a sable teed be trotted out. l,Offc! IS MAR1VK TV81 RANCK. Such losses as that of the Titanic make so large a hole In the funds of Lloyd's marine underwriters as can be filled only by a long period of Immu nity from serious marine disasters. Profits on marine Insurance have been small for several years, owing to the keen competition among underwriters. In consequence, the admissions of new members have not been sufficient to offset the number of deaths and resig nation, for bidding for business has left little or no margin and has taken away the attractions of underwriting. Although the shipping business has Improved materially as compared with the last few years, this brings no com. fort to the marine underwriter. Para doxical as It may seem, good times for the shipowner are hard times for the underwriter. The explanation is that, when demand for tonnage Is heavy, the older ships are pressed into serv ice and losses are proportionately greater, while only the most modern ships are used In hard times, owners finding It cheaper to lay up old ves sels than to pay for repairs. Prosper ity has also Increased the cost of re pairs to such an extent that an effort has been made to raise Insurance rates, but without success. There is an element nf gambling in marine Insurance which attracts men of a speculative turn. This U pafUcu-J larly the case with reinsurance of overdue vessels, this being the means by which an underwriter "hedges" on his risks. Many a fortune has been made by a man who has taken a long chance In reinsuring an overdue vessel and who has proved a winner when his risk came battered Into port months after It had been given up as lost. But the element of chance which tempts men to reinsure has been greatly reduced by wireless telegraphy and by other modern aids to navigation. DBVEIOF HOMB INDISTRV. Is showing what home Industry can manufacture. Linn County has adopted the most effective means of develop ing the home market. A common hu man weakness is to assume that no commodity can be produced as well at home as at some distant town, yet It is most unreasonable. It is also an offense against patriotism, which, like charity, begins at home and extends over a wider circle as the field or common interests and associations broadens. That country become truly rich which goes beyond producing raw materials from the earth to working up those materials into the finished shape. It also, becomes Independent and self-reliant by supplying lis needs at home. Every citizen has Interest in promoting home industry, for the far mer. merchant, banker. Each thereby broadens his own market and in creases his own prosperity. Oregon, however, has a claim on her home market not only on th ground of local patriotism, but on that of the excellence and relative price of the manufactured product. Not only is our wool equal to that of any state or country, but we have the best cli mate and the best water for making it Into cloth. The adaptability of our soil for flax-growing has been proved and our climate is equal to that of the north of Ireland for making flax into linen. Our forests produce lumber In the greatest quantity and of the great est variety, and we are admirably sit uated for the Importation of the beau, tlful woods of Central America, the Philippines and Australia with which to make furniture. Then let us not be content with pro duclng raw materials for the manu facturers of other states. Let us manufacture them ourselves and let us provide the manufacturers with the nucleus of a market by buying their goods at home and making every Ore gon home an exhibit of Oregon products. WILLIAM T. STEAD. Among the men who went down on the Titanic, none will be more widely regretted than William T. Stead, Brit ish Journalist, philanthropist, author and publicist. In the face of his sud den and awful fate even the British Imperialists are ready to forgive his championship of the Boer cause, while humanity everywhere will mourn him as a friend. Mr. Stead was known as the most outspoken man in ail England in the cause of duty and right aa he con ceived them, against selfishness and wrong. His open crusade against vice and licentiousness a few years ago w-as largely Instrumental in starting the agitation against what is known as the white slave traffic ." His words upon this topic were well considered, but so plain that their meaning could not be mistaken, and these were Illustrated by Incidents, not of hearsay, but which had come to the actual knowledge of settlement and slum workers, that gave to them appalling significance. He was a man who lived In the domain of mind a man of spiritual alertness Joined with an unflinching courage to uphold the right as he saw it. whether It touched the domain of politics, law, economics or social science. A philanthropist withal, with a sim plicity of nature that made him too often a prey to the unscrupulous who demand and live upon alms as their right, it Is pleasing to think that, like Abou ben Adhem." "exceeding peace had made him bold" and that as "one who loved his fellow-men" the name of William T. Stead has been written "In the Angel's Book of Gold." TREATIES TO OOVERN SEA TRAVEL. Close Intercourse among nations Is steadily building up a code of interna tional lew dealing with many subjects on which each nation has hitherto leg islated independently. The subject of precaution against repetitions of such disasters as befell the Titanic Is no sooner taken up than it is recognized that, unless all maritime rations make them Jointly they will prove ineffec tive. Thus tie Senate la not content to pass laws governing American ships only, but calls upon the President to negotiate treaties which will make such laws International. The .treaties may be expected to place safety above every other con sideration. The steamship companies will probably be required to provide enough boats and life-rafts to carry all members of the crew and all pas sengers, regardless of the number of water-tight compartments Into which a ship Is divided. No discount on the boat accommodation is likely to be allowed on account of any other safety measures, since the sinking of the unsinkable" Titanic. Strict regulation of wireless teleg raphy is sure to be a leading feature of the treaties. Not only will all pas senger vessels be required to have wireless equipment; employment of enough operators to Insure the con stant presence at the key of a man whose mind will be alert, his ear keenly listening for the least whisper from the air, will be compulsory. There will be no more cases like that of Cottam, of the Carpathla. who had only eight or ten hours' sleep between Sunday night and Thursday' night. There will be no more neglect to an swer wireless calls because the oper ator is busy casting up accounts. Had Bride promptly answered the Caltfor nlan's call, the Titanic would have had timely warning of the presence of ice. bergs and could have so reduced her speed aa to render the impact harm less, if she could not have avoided col lision entirely. The treaties may also contain stipulations for uniform laws to be passed by each nation preventing Interference by amateurs with the public wireless service. It is possible that the nations may agree on regulations by which vessels will steer a course clear of the Iceberg belt during the period of danger from that cause, or will be com pelted, to re duce speed when In iceberg-haunted seas. These precautions will Increase the cost of building and operating ocean liners and will proportionately ln- miM rafber mv a llttlo wnnrm fti - - f ...... . ve at his In- I of & ot going to I th surance that he will arrlv tended destination Instead the bottom Of the ocean. The speed of ocean travel will be reduced some what, but steamship companies will find "that a record for crossing the At. iantic in five days is not as good an advertisement as a record for few shipwrecks and low mortality. A re action from the speed mania has set in. "LKST HE FORUET!" Early In June, less than two months hence, we are to have great "doings" In Portland the festivities attendant upon the annual Rose Festival. This carnival has come to be not only one of Portland's greatest bids for popular favor but is now considered as one of the most Important holiday periods of the West. To make the Rose Festival what it has become has taken much thought ful and intelligent labor and much money; but our people have quite willingly footed the bills, which It is understood amount to something like $50,000 per year. To put the festival on a permanent basis it is now pro posed to levy a special tax on city and county property of something like fifth of a mill, which would provld sufficient funds each year without re sorting to subscriptions to carry th jubi'ee through even in a more elab orate way. There has as yet developed but little opposition to this plan of procedure. Something like a month after th Rose Festival we shall have the Elks' Carnival, or rather the meeting of th grand lodge of that body, and again all Portland will be In holiday attire and the carnival spirit will again con. trol us. To make this meeting possl ble and as elaborate as other cltle have made former meetings of the grand lodge of the order our citizens have subscribed about 1125,000, which will be used In entertaining the guest and furnishing amusement for them and the attendant throngs. That the payment of such a large sum shows a commendable public spirit is certainly true; that those who were lnstnjmen tal In securing the meeting here are worthy of the greatest commendation is likewise true. Portland is proud of the Elks, proud of those who have labored and given financial aid to make the coming event in July possi ble, and. as it Is sure to be, successful But "lest we forget" let us consider another meeting which will be held here between the two events named above, perhaps In the last days of June. That Is the annual meeting of the Oregon Pioneers. Heaven forbid that we should become so engrossed with the Rose Festival and the Elks' Carnival, or with our social, political or business pursuits as to overlook what ought to be Portland's most hon ored festal occasion. But for-the la bors of the pioneers, ibut for their trials and hardships and devotion, but for their love of home and country, but for their sacrifices without reward and their struggles without recom pense, there would be no Oregon, no Portland, nothing to make the Rose Festival or the Elks' Carnival possible. But for the pioneers we would be liv ing. if residing in our present hablta tionn, on alien soil, would be ruled by a King, would be the subjects of a monarchy In place of living in a free land. 'Lest we forget!" Can it be possi ble that any son or daughter of Ore gon, native or adopted, win ever for a moment forget the work of the pio neers? Is it possible that In our pur suit of the dollar and our love for the festival and the carnival we shall overlook all that the dollar and the festival and the carnival stand for a happy, prosperous, united' and liberty loving citizenship? Can It be that In our pursuit of wealth or ease or com fort or pleasure we are going to over look those who gave them to us? In June In the last days of June the pioneers will meet here. In their time there were many of them, many men and many women. Of all those who took an active part In laying the foundation and starting the frame work for a great state there is only one left today; he may not even be with us tomorrow, for he Is 94 years old. When our beloved Father Matthleu passes away there will be no link left to bind the Oregon of 1912 to the Ore. gon of 1843. that is, none who took an official part In the proceedings at Champoeg, on May 2 of that year, where the real Oregon was born. "Lest we forget!" We have given liberally to the Rose Festival, liberally to the Elks what do we Intend to do to make the comlna meeting of the Oregon Pioneers a red-letter day In Oregon history? ELECT THE IMMIGRANTS. The time has come when the United States must more and more carefully select those whom we will admit to our shores and on whom we will con fer citizenship. Conditions have so changed as to require a radical alter ation In our policy toward Immigra tion. Fifty years ago we had vast areas of land which we desired to have peopled, and the Immigrants who came to people them were of the same nationalities as had contributed the original colonists. Our supply of va cant land Is now well nigh exhausted and we need no longer welcome all comers. Tet those who now come are mainly of nationalities alien to the early colonists and to the Immigrants of (0 or more years ago. Disappearance of the principal rea son for inviting Immigration has coin cided with a great Increase In immi gration and with the coming of a less desirable type of immigrant. In 1911. of the net addition to our population by immigration, 67.9 per cent were of the Slavic and Iberlc races of South ern and Eastern Europe, 2 per cent were Asiatics and 38.3 per cent were of the Teutonic and Keltic races of Northwestern Europe which readily assimilate with our native population. To how great a degree the new type of immigrant Is deteriorating our pop ulation Is apparent from the fact that the percentage of Illiteracy among those over 14 years of age was only 2.2 for the Teutonic and Keltic races, while for those of Southern and East ern Europe It was 81.9, and for other races, including Cuban, African, Jap anese, Armenian, Syrian and Mexican, It was 31.5. Many of these illiterates show a laudable desire to learn Eng lish and to become truly American, but the great majority swarm In the slums of the great cities and often herd together, forming foreign colonies in which the English language Is al most unknown. The Dillingham bill, which has just passed the Senate, does something to remedy this condition by requiring that every male immigrant must read and write. This would at least exclude the Illiterates and render the, immi grants more easily assimilable. But the bill should go farther. The statis tics for 1911 show that 59.5 per cent the Immigrants were destined for the four great manufacturing statesj of New York, Massachusetts. Pennsyl vania and Illlneis. and that 81 per cent were destined for the states east of the Mississippi and north of the Po tomac and Ohio Rivers. The great states of the West and South, where population Is most needed, received only 19 per cent of the total. This glut of immigration to the states where It is least needed and this thin tide to the states where It Is most needed is due to the failure of the law to guide the stream. Steamship companies and labor agents are allowed to stimulate immigration for purely mercenary reason without regard to its desira bility from the standpoint of the Na tional interest. Steamships are al lowed to dump their loads of immi grants on the Eastern edge of the country. Employers are allowed to aggravate the congestion in great centers of population, that they may use the green Immigrant In club bing down wages and lowering the tmcrlran standard of comfort. No provision is made, except to a very limited degree, for selecting the immi grant and placing him where he is wanted and where he will become a gain to the country rather than a detriment. The Pacific Coast has until recent years been protected from undesirable immigrants by distance at the same time that it has been deprived of its share of the desirable. The time is at hand when we shall be as much ex posed as the Atlantic Coast to the evils of the present lack of system. We have a direct, vital Interest in the immigration problem, for upon its cor rect solution depends the future cnar acter of our population and the fu ture course of our development. Our troubles with the I. W. W. will prove only a foretaste of the troubles in store for us unless we exert ourselves' to bring- about the right solution before the flood of immigration pours into our ports. The combination of the fruitgrowers' associations of the Pacific Northwest with the Northwestern Fruit Exchange is an application for the general bene fit of those modern economic methods of which we hear so much, but which have been applied by the great Indus' trial combinations solely to their own aggrandisement. Such a combination is In the interest of both producer and consumer, for It secures to the pro ducer a higher and more stable price at the same time that it secures to the consumer a lower price and a more constant supply. This statement Is no speculative assumption, for its truth has been proved by experience. The California orange and raisin- growers, the Michigan peach and grape- growers and other like organizations in various sections of the country have successfully followed out the same plan of packing and marketing their crops. selling direct insteaa ot through middlemen, they have in creased their own profits by securing for themselves a large proportion of the middleman's profit, while yielding a share of that profit to the consumer In the shape of lower prices. A bill fixing express rates for par cels weighing eleven pounds or less has been introduced in Congress by Representative Adamson. It estab lishes the zone system and greatly re duces rates, but may be used as a buffer against parcels post legislation and therefore encounters opposition from parcels post advocates. Its pro visions contain evidence that it is de signed to save the express companies from postal competition. It is not likely to go far. The Government contemplates the establishment of a laundry to wash paper money and Is now experiment ing with two machines, which cleanse $25,000 worth of money a day. If this device succeeds, as seems probable, a large proportion of the $1,000,000 spent yearly in redeeming soiled cur rency will be saved. The bills are made to look as clean and crisp as when new. Orders have been received at all recruiting stations to rush the increase of the regular Army. Well, possibly It's better to have a large standing army In time of peace than a large running army In time of war. Putting aside the crushing horror of it all for a moment; do you not feel just a little prouder of the race after reading of the Titanic wreck, es pecially if you are Anglo-Saxon? It will be found that the sparrow. being city bred, eats the alfalfa weevil as a diversion when in the country. The good In that bird has yet to be demonstrated. Mr. Bryan continues to play In good luck. He declared he would not sup port Harmon, but would abide by the choice of the state, and the state chose the Mlssourtan. Writing of insulting notes to young schoolgirls seems to have been stamped with the approval of Multnomah County's voters. The defeated candidate for nomin ation will have much less to worry him than the successful man. Viola Carver has given one proof of sanity. She has refused 'to go on the vaudeville stage. Opinion of the result from Wash ington, D. C will have something frank to It. Large sales of automobiles do not affect the sales of real estate this Spring. Maybe we can have a few days now of uninterrupted Interest In the ball scores. The Walla Walla penitentiary seems to be a profitable institution In many s. Toung Mr. Rosewater .has not his father's faculty of swinging Nebraska. Really, now, what can one suppose the defeated man told his wife? The Maryland is going to Mexico to remind them of the Maine. The number of Democratic voters In Oregon Is surprisingly small. "When you see It in" 'it's so." the returns. All together, now. for the Rose Fes. tlval! Oregon wosupJi trial, and won At the Cafeteria By Addlaoa Bennett. There was trouble at the cafeteria. The checks and the cash and the cash register and the blonde did nut agree on the receipts of the day before, and as usual there was a shottage of money, for the amount registered was $3 less than the cashier could dig up. j I do not know hew it is, said she to the proprietor, "for there was every cent in the mill that I took in. and I know I did not make any mis takes In change: I never do." In de tall the boss tried to have her go over the larger transactions, where she had taken a ten or twenty dollar coin. Finally, becoming discouraged, the boss asKed If there was any way she could account for the discrepancy, tell Ing her for the hundredth time'tha the machine couldn't pcsslbly lie. Thi roused the blonde to sharp retort, for the implication was that she lied. So she remarked, sweetly but firmly: think somebody gave the mill a dose ot this medicine that I see advertised and it worked while it alept.' Just how much further the repartee would have proceeded no one knows, had there not been at that niomen a commotion at the entrance, and in came the members of the Cafeteria Poultry Company Limited, and they were all talking at once, talking rathe loud and rather excitedly. They grabbed their little bundles containing each napkin, knife, fork and spoon, and wen down the line, loading their trays abou as usual, save that the vegetirlan con tented himself with two portions what was designated on the bulletin board a "vegetable roast." ' Once seated at the table the con versation started up again in a spirited manner, apparently where it wa broken off at the entrance door. tell you what the trouble is," said the vegetarian. "Our friend. Bones, made a pretty darned bad mess of things ou at the ranch, for he allowed that hon est farmer man he told us about to hand him, or us, according to the way you look at It, a large and juicy lemon, When I got out there the other day, as per our arrangement, I was met by that honest feller and the first thing he did was to make me an offer of two bits each for them hens "I asked him what he could do with such ancient fowls, and he told me he had a recipe for a mash feed by which he could fatten 'em up in a week or two and sell 'em for broilers. 1 told him I would see him later and he went away. Then I went over to another neUrhbor what keeps hens and when I told him what that honest man had told Bones. I Just thought that feller would laugh himself Into a fit. "Now, I lcnowed the other day, when you fellers was tttlking, that hens don't have teeth; neltner do roosters nave teeth. I always knowed It, but I Just thought I wouldn't let on to you fellers, but would go out there and straighten things out." Then he explained how he and his new-fjund friend had looked the situation plumb in the face and had discovered that the reason the hens were not laying was not on account of their age at-tall. but because they were short of male society, two roosters not being enough to scratch for them; that there ought to be a rooster for each hen: have them In pairs. "Mv new friend, who Is above all question one of the finest chaps I have met up with for some time. tooK me over to his henyards and showed me that he had 50 hens and 50 roosters, all running together and producing eggs to beat the band almost 60 eggs every day. And he said we should be getting 6UU eggs a aay, ana wouia si that many if we treated the hens as thev should be treated. So I started in at once by buying 45 of his roosters, which he said would leave him five only, but Jie had bu or dexed, always changing the breed every Spring, which was the scientific thing for Doultrv breeders to do. i nen i sent into town end bought all tn likely young roosters I could get about 250 and have an order in for 300 more, which will be out In a couple of cfays." www "1 would pointedly like to ask. butted In the fat man. "how we are going to get 5000 eggs a day from 6000 hens, as you fellers figgered out to me when vou promoted this 'ere com- Danv and trot me hooked for my $333.33 when the half of them hens Is roosters? You fellers may be mighty smart; any how you was smart enough to separ ate me from that wad, but I know a thing or two about the hen business my ownself, and one ot them things Is that roosters don't produce no eggs." You needn t get hot under tne col lar." replied Veg. "If you wsnt to lay down on this proposition you can do so. But suppose you go out there and manage this poultry company yourself for a few day7 Bones ana me ng earn had a few days on the Job, and, while I am free to admit that Bones allowed that hottest countryman to shot his eye up about the age of them hens, and about the teeth of them hens, we must remember that any of us Is liable to make slight errors. Bu: I haven't made any mistakes and the concern Is now in good working order, or will be as soon as them other roosters arrive." oao So It was agreed that they would dig up another thousand dollars, that Fat should go out and receive the roosters and get the hens started to laying, all expressing the belief that they had at the outset been a little too sanguine, too optimistic In their calculations, but that their first estimates could be cut In half, allowing the roosters their board and room rent free, and still there ought to be. and would be, a profit of at least $4 per hen for each female, egg-laying hen, or say $100. 000 profit per year from 35,000 hens and they ought to have that many In a year without any Investment beyond the $2000. . F. M. WARRE.VS KIWDLY DEEDS Illustration Given of His Readiness te Help Those In Distress. PORTLAND, April 19. (To the Edi tor.) It was with deep regret that I read the news confirming the loss of F. M. Warren in the disaster to the Titanic. My respect for him dated from our acquaintance, which occurred about 13 years ago, arising in this" manner: A widow client of mine, who had re cently lost her husband, held an in stallment contract for the purchase of two suburban lots from Mr. Warren in a tract which he was then selling oft in that manner. Considerable had been paid upon this contract, but the woman was In default In her payments and not in financial circumstances to go on with and fulfill her contract. I laid these facts before Mr. Warren and asked him if it were possible that all of the payments made by her upon the contract could be applied in pay ment on one of the lots, and let this widow pay up the balance and have one of the lots, otherwise she would have to lose all that she had paid. Mr. Warren, without hesitation, spoke up, saying. "Certainly, we will let her have the corner lot" which, of course, gave her much the best of the transaction. This, no doubt, is only one or tne many Kindly ana gracious icis per formed by Mr. Warren, but I felt that. as I knew the circumstances oi tnis particular case, it would not be im proper at this time to give the same publicity. SOL BLOOM. Italy aa Cotton Producer. New Orleans Picayune. Italy now imports more than $50,000. 000 worth of cotton each year. Hence the government is carefully fostering all attempts to produce a native crop. CLOSER RELATIONS DESIRABLE. 1 Kx-Soldler Speaks for Friendly Feeling Between Veterans of Two Wars. CORVALLIS, Or, April 18. (To the Editor.) The fragrance of blossoms and flowers on every side reminds us that in a few days the veterans of the war with Spain, Sons of Veterans, the good women ot the Relief Corps and the public in general will all unite with a few surviving veterans of the Grand Army in paying tribute to the memory of those who gave their lives for their country's cause. I would like to express my thoughts with regard to the respective relations j of the. Grand Army with the Spanish war veterans, and among the comrades of the latter organization, with the hope that when we meet this year and all subsequent years, the ties between us may be stronger and stronger as time goes on. There is an impression among Grand Army men that the war with Spain did not amount to very much, and we of the Spanish War veterans have to acknowledge that, as far as its dura tion and the number of lives lost is concerned, it does not come up to the Civil War. But there are other things to be considered, the first being tha when the war was declared tn 1898 and volunteers were called for, the same spirit of patriotism which caused the men of "61 to flock to the standard, was .displayed in '98. And no knew when or where the trouble would end. The war with Spain did not last very long, it is true, but another thing that seems to be overlooked by our good fathers of the Grand Army is the surrectlon which followed the Spanish American War, and which lasted quite a while, resulting in the loss of nun dreds of good men, both regular an volunteer. Though It is a dozen years since peace was established and th volunteers mustered out and returned to civil life, the regulars are still i the Islands, and still losing men, on or two or a dozen or so at a time, but still losing them. It Is suggested that it is as hard to die in some bamboo thicket In the tropics as It was at Shlloh or Gettys burg, and the shock to the widows and orphans, made so by the war with Spain must have been as severe. Serv ice in the tropics Is not a picnic, by any means, as is evidenced by one fact. at least; that the Government gives th men 20 per cent increase of pay and two days for one, for service ove there. It Is not my purpose to make light of the services of the men of the Grand Army, or to bring on a controversy, but simply to ask them to give credit where It is due, for we are their sons, and had the war with Spain lasted up to the present day, and there were any of these same sons left, they would still be doing business "behind the guns. We love the men of the Grand Army and feel It our duty to make their stay among us as pleasant as possible, and we would assure them that they can make their last "bivouac" secure in the thought that the glory they earned can never be dimmed. THEODORE F. DARCY, U. S. A. Retired POIXT IS SOCIALISM EXPLAINED Private Ownership of Things to Be Used Individually la I'pheld. PORTLAND, April 19. (To the Edi tor.) According to the heading of J. H. Wilson's letter in The Oregonlan of April 15, "destruction of the Institution of private property" Is the rock upon which Socialism Is about to be wrecked Now, before the opponents of Socialism sit down satisfied that the wrecking is as good as accomplished, it would be well for them to examine that rock little more closely and see if it is really as dangerous as Mr. Wilson would lead us to suppose. We believe they will find it to be a phantom existing only in the minds of those who have not studied the question very thoroughly. Socialists do not advocate the de struction of the institution of private property." On the contrary, they strongly uphold private ownership of everything that one may use or enjoy Individually. I will quote a few writers on this point: Tha only property that Socialists wlah to transform is the property no longer mado use of by the individual owners thereof. Deville. In "Socialism, Revolution, ana inter nationalism." Knf.1alfnta hHlpv in nrivate nroDertT. WOSt we advocate is the collective ownership of the sreatnr material means of production. tarl I). Tlioir.pson, in -frincipiea ana rru- gramme of bociallsm. Let It be understood once and for all that Socialists make no demand for collective ownership of anything except the things by which the nation obtains Its livelihood. N. A. Richardson. In "Industrial Problems. This la the position taken by Russell and Socialists in general since the time of Marx. You will find it in the Com munist Manifesto, the first great dec laration of the principles of modern So cialism. For a brief outline of Socialist prin clples by an anti-Socialist, Ernest H. Abbott, see the Outlook of April 1, 1911, which will be found bound in Outlook, volume 97, in libraries. A similar out line by a Socialist, Allan L. Benson, ap Dears in Pearson's. April, 1912. For a more complete treatment oi the subject, yet brief and to the point. N. A. Richardsons "Industrial i-roo leras" deserves first mention. The Port land Library has it. There are hundreds of books on this question, both for and against, and we are soon to be compelled to decide whether we want it or not. Shall we remain in Ignorance regarding its meaning till the last moment? As I see it. under Socialism, any one bv industry and thrift may accumulate as much of the material blessings of this life as normal men could wish, ana the man who will not work will lack them, as be sometimes does now, the principal difference in respect to the latter being that after tne cnange every man will be provided with the opportu nity to work, and it will be his own fault If he goes nungry, wnicn is not always true now. Above all things, it win enaoie an who desire a home to have one worthy of the name, one which may be made beautiful as the heart may wish. Where the children may grow up without suf fering for the want of food, clothing or shelter; where each will be provided with the opportunities to develop tne best that Is in him, such as Mr. W ilson nrnsMai for his children but wnicn, ac cording to Mr. Wilson's own aijsuowl- dirmrnt are denied to many mousanus of children in this fair land, this beau tiful land, where Nature is most boun tiful and where her limitless forces are placed at the service of man by a mod ern civilization. a. Modeaty Wave Hlta Paris. Paris Correspondence New York Sun. Paris, which has long boasted of Its liberality in the matter of art. has been shocked by M. Leplne. the Prefect of Police, who, on a preliminary visit to the annual salon which opens next week, ordered the removal of three pieces of sculpture which he Judged to be detrimental to public morals. The pieces had been accepted by the judges and well placed. "Increase and Multi ply," a group of shadowy figures; "The Damned" and "Messaline," a nude fig ure In terra cotta, are the titles of the barred groups. . The Grouch's Point of View. Washington (D. C.) Star. "A holiday now and then is very de sirable." said the genial citizen. "It gives us all a chance to rest." "I can't see it that way," replied Mr. Growcher. "It compels me to work that much harder to provide the clothes de manded for the special display.r Half a Century Ago From The Oregonian of April 22. 1862. Four companies of the Washington Territory Regiment, Colone' Stein berger commanding, which have been recruited in this city, sail on Monday next for Kort Vancouver, which is on the Columbia River. They will be ac companied by the Colonel and by Ad jutant William Myles. San Francisco Call. General Tllgham, the rebel com mander at Fort Henry, has been sent to the Minor's Penitentiary at Alton. After his capture he made many In solent demands and became so troublo some that his confinement became nec essary. The butter divided among our boy on the Potomac does not appear to b, of the best quality and the different grades are now arranged according to the following scale: Strong, bad, rancid, vile, abominable, sutler's. The released Union prisoners, taken at Ball's Bluff, say that their captors taunted them with being sold by Gen eral Stonej. Mr. George Walling killed yesterday a cougar at his farm' in Clackamas County. The animal came down on the express and it can be seen at Buchtel & Cardwell's photograph gallery. The benefit of Mr. Beatty last night was a substantial one, the house being uncomfortably full. The boat from the Cascades last night brought down $25,000 In gold dust. The name of the steamer Unio has been very properly changed to Union. She Is making regular trips to Lafay ette on Tuesday, Thursday and Satur day of each week. Captain Miller and Mr. Apperson. clerk, are by their po liteness, attention to business and ac commodating manner rendering the Union indispensable to the Yamhill trade. , The Clothing Inspection Board al ready figure up $1,500,000 worth of clothing on hand which i wholly worthless. They havu condemned It. It came principally from Philadelphia. Colonel Crossman, who made the con tracts, together with the inspectors, has been summoned by the Board to give information that shall lead the roguish contractors to justice As "Ed" Howe Sees Life A day's work has been steadily de creasing for hundreds of years. You may think that, in the confu sion, a bride won't notice it if you do not send her a present; but she will. After the average boy learns to read and write, you might as well take him out of school: lie never seems to learn much after that. It is the girls who are ambitious to teach, and are known as "good students." An unfortunate love affair is more disastrous for a woman than a business failure Is for a man. Don't hate people; If you can't love them, laugh at them. It is a sign of weakness to hate so viciously that you are disturbed by It. A politician in office takes a gentle manly interest in a campaign: but it Is the politician who is out. and wants in, who kicks up the big dust. After every big business failure. It develops that some very shaky men get credit at banks. When a woman says she is "all in rags," she means that her aprons are about worn out, and that she must make a new supply. A man I know has told me every week for 30 years that times are hard, and business dull. Yet he has made a fortune. If a hard working man take a day off, it takes him at least three days to get the harness fitted again. TAX THAT FIXES THE POOR MAX Writer Illustrates How Fela Plan Will Work Injustice. ESTACADA, Or. April 9. (To the Editor.) In discussion of the single tax I think some of its dangers have not been brought out. An instance of the workings of the single tax may be had by using two homesteads ad joining each other, one all improved and in cultivation, the other without improvements, as an example. We will assume that each Is 160 acres and that the one without improvements is as sessed at $1000. Then according, to single tax the improved homestead will also be assessed at $1000, regard-less of how much value exists upon It In houses, machinery and livestock. We will assume that the owner or the improved farm has an income of $5000 gross per annum from his land. The man who owns the unimproved home stead begins improvements. His tax under the present system is about one third of the tax of his neighbor. Single tax comes in and his tax Is Increased three-fourths above Its present level, while his prosperous nelgvbor's is lowered to the same level as his. He Is struggling to make a home and while he is doing it, he must carry the same amount of the tax burden, with a very stinted income, as his neighbor with $5000 per year. Therefore single tax win increase the tax burden upon him least able to pay and decrease it upon him most able to pay. We must pay our taxes oui or our an nual incomes. These are limited ana Just how It will help anyone to in crease the inequality of the proportion ot our annual incomes that must be taken as taxes is more than I can see. It seems to me that a tax upon gross incomes would be the fairest of taxes, for then each of us would pay in proportion to his annual income and ability to pay. I do not believe the time for this reform is ripe, there be ing difficulties that are to be removed. Certainly we do not desire to Increase the inequalities in our present tax system by adopting single tax. The single taxer argues tnat tne single tax w'll discourage land specu lation. It will not discourage specula tion in improved lands. It will en- ourage that kind of speculation, be cause taxes will be decreased on im proved lands. Single tax will dis courage home-making upon wild land, because taxes will be correspondingly higher on wild land than upon im proved land. It will therefore retard the development of the state. We had better adopt tne ew Zea land plan of handling land speculation. Appraise the speculative holdings; the tate buys it at its appraised value and sells It to actual homebuilders on an nual installments for a long period of years at an interest rate of 4 per cent. This would develop the state. In mv opinion single tax will do the very things its friends claim it will not do. It will detorm instead or re form the tax eystem. It is. said that W. S. U'Ren read- Progress and Poverty" and "saw the cat." I fear he will see a whole yard full of Thomas cats if the people adopt the single tax. I advise everyone to think about hree times before they vote for single tax. In fact, that would be a good policy to follow In regard to any pro posed reform. F. M. GILL, Member Legislative Committee State Grange.' A