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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 21, 1911)
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Staar kutlSias- Eanmi Office No. I Itenant atravt. . rOKTLaXD, THllaDAT. SEPT. It, TBI EN O TO BCROUUUI TA1X. Th Portland Journal quote Presi dent TaTt a using In his Detroit peech th following remarkable lan- Wa caa cat alone without eompatltloa : w ran fit aion wltnoot masopolr. Mid th Inutnta- man of the country muat equare tharoaalraa with that BKaaalty. Kilnar that r wa must proeaad to atata -la!um and fta ml tha Oorartuaaat with power to run rvwry euslneaa Having falsely credited the Presi dent with a distinct expression for atata socialism, and of friendliness to monopoly, tha Journal proceeds to accuse) him of having mada another blunder, comparabla only to the Wi nona speech. It protests in the name of every telephone operative, ban clerk, elevator boy. blacksmith, farm laborer, logger, stockman, artisan and toller of every kind, who U in "open and keen competition with all others of his kind. ... He has declared for a socialism In which the captains of Big Business instead of the state re to be the guardians of the multi tude." It would be a reproach Justified, perhaps. If the President had said what thia Portland paper says he aid. But he did not. He said exactly the opposite. Here Is the correct quotation: Wa did gat alon with edrnpatltlon: w eaa (at along with It. Wa did sat along without monopoly: wa- caa get Ion wllh ut It. and tha alnaee men of thta country must square thmala with that -oily. Elthar that or w tnuat proceed to stats eociaiiim and at Ooyaramant with Men ta run yrr buainaaa Here is a square, explicit, plain dec laration airainst monopoly and for the competitive system: against Bl Bual ceaa and for the right of every worker and toller to have his chance; against the trusts and for the multitude, that no one who read or hears can poasl bly misunderstand. Tet It is garbled, distorted, twisted Into an open and defiant avowral of championship of monopoly and belief In socialism. It la an attempt to Burchardlxe Taft by a newspaper with a weakness for forged rper. for the Dlck-to-Dlcl fraud, first found the light in the same paper. The Oregon'an notices this palpable fraud now. that there may be no ex cuse hereafter on the part of any per son or any newspaper for misrepre senting the farts. CANADA'S KM ITBCKITT FKiHT. Canada Is today at the parting of the way, as President Taft aald. By fcer vote today Canada will decide whether she will bind the Ues of trad and friendship with the United State or will repel th outatretched hand and make th Imaginary Une which forma th boundary a real barrier be tween two nation, akin In blood and .tradition and each needing th oth er product. ... The Canadian people ar divided on the issue of reciprocity by the Inter est of clasa a well as of a fictitious onUment of loyalty to Great Britain. The protected manufacturer of th Ontario and Quebec cities and th lumber manufacturers, salmon pack era and fruit growers of British , Columbia are alarmed at the prospect of an Invasion of cheaper American product to take away their markets among the farmer. Th farmers of the prairie province and Ontario are elated at the prospect of a wVler market for their grain, cattle, dairy products and fruit, and of being able to buy farm machinery and other eoess.irle at lower price without being dependent on the limited Cana dian product. Hence the raanuiac turers are overwhelmingly aaralnat reciprocity, the farmer as strongly In It favor. The maritime province of the East are for reciprocity, because they do a large shipping business and are, largely dependent on New Eng land for a market. Wuebec. th Frenrh province, la divided by both self-Interest and sentiment, and 1 th battleground of the campaign. The election has been fought with a fury unprecedented even In Canada, whor a man of the opposite party U generally regarded as a double-dyed lllain. where a Conservative grit hi teeth as he call a Liberal a Orlt. and a Liberal expresae hi contempt for Conervativ by calling htm a Tory. The word "fought." a applied to the election, is mot appropriate, for many of the meetings end In free f.ghta, and ambuUnce are at hand to carry the wounded to the nospi-aus. where the whole s'afT Is kept busy for hours mending cracked skulls and troken no ar..l Jaws. The Conservatives hav shown the weakness of their case by evading the mala Usue and appealing to a narrow sentiment of loyalty against reci procity. Th burden of their ong ha been that reciprocity 1 only a preliminary to annexation, that th Vnlted State alms to absorb Canada fcy degrev. both commercially and politically, until the Dominion Is severed from Great Britain and be comea a part of the Republic. This argument ha been backed up by a quotation of Speaker Clark's foolish Pole-to-Panama speech in favor of annexation and by misquotation from th President' speeches. The Conservative have practically waved the Union Jack before th eye of th vltra-Brtilsh element, which 1 more loyal than any Englishman, and painted lurid picture of th dire con. sequence of trtntr.g with the sacred tie. Premier Laurler Is being at tacked from the opposite side by Henri Bouraasa, leader of the Nation alists, who is telling the French of VJuebao that Laurler has made an agreement with tha British govern xuant hrby their aona may be drafted Into th British navy against their will. He goes to the extreme In tirging Independence of both Great Britain and th United States. tm Canada be sufficient unto herself. As might be expected, each party accuses th other of letting American trusts Br.anc it campaign, but this 1 more probably true of th Conservative, who ar th Ust hop of th elements, which ppod the blU at Wash ington. , Th last Canadian House of Com mons wa composed of 1J Liberals and II Conservative, and th latter must gain II seata In order to con trol. While Conservatlvea predict victory.' they ar vague as to esti mates, but Llberala give more definlt figure and expect about to hold their own. Th chief element of doubt 1 41 constituencies which the Liberal carried at the last election by J50 ote or lees, and om district which the Conservative carried by a small margin and where money may Decide th result. TH RESrOMSIWlJTT. The responsibility for calling a spe cial session of th legislature to con alder good roads, or for any purpose, rests solely with the Governor. It 1 cheap politic nothing else for him to attempt to shift th load to th legislature. The legislators will not accept his conditions. They should not. It Involves them In sacrifice and humiliation and shame-faced confes sion of entire accountability for the present situation as to good roads. The Governor sale that the recent letfslature passed "Inconsistent and in.iY-ottve" hULa and he vetoed the'm. Then he appointed a committee of representative men. cnosea nv.u every county In the state, to meet and draft good roads bills for submis sion to the next legislature or to the people. "The purpose." he says, "was not to attempt to tie the handa of the Legislature or Interfere In any way with Its prerogative." The purpose distinctly waa and dis tinctly la to tie the hands of the Leg islature and Interfere with Its prerog atives. Th Governor has the' extra ordinary presumption to Insist that the Legislature come together on conditions made In advance by him and proceed with Us business In a manner defined by him, enacting a law framed for htm by others (select ed by the Governor), and not by themselves. It Is Incredible that the Governor should have supposed that the Legis lature would, by accepting hi terms and adopting his suggestions, have ,.,. mihtlflv arknowledsed its own Incompetency to frame laws and have agreed that that runction snouiu be performed by him through his ap pointees and advisers. Incredible and preposterous. Going to Salem with out pay and acting there In accord ance with the executive programme 1 acknowledgment that the Legislature In It prevlou performance waa all wrong, and th Governor In his pres ent plan la all right. What la a Leg islatures fort A spiTerci, CRITICISM. Mr. Roosevelt's outpourings in the Outlook on the subject of the arbitra tion treaties have led the New York Evening Post to stigmatise hlra as a barbarian. His opinion Is that arbi tration would work very well on mat ters which neither nation cared much about but if they deemed an issue worth fighting over they would fight and all the treaties in the world would not prevent them. Mr. Roosevelt specifies the Montroe Doctrine and Oriental immigration aa topics which we could not under any conditions submit to arbitration. Of course It might be replied that in no imaginable clrcumstancea Is trouble likely to arise over them, but the Evening Post, which doe not love Mr. Roosevelt, approaches th aubject In another spirit. It choose to believe that hi opposition to arbitration grows out of his envy of Mr. Taft who would acquire undying glory were the treaties to be concluded prosperously. Our metropolitan contemporary plain ly hints its suspicion that Mr. Roose velt Is a clandestine aspirant for a third term in the White House and that he thinks the best way to obtain It I to spoil Mr. Taffs work. W cannot help thinking that the Evening Poet Is a little too suspicious Af h rninn.l'i motive. He has not shown any extraordinary warmth of affection for Mr. Taft since his return from the African wilds but on the other hand the President has not bubbled over with unrequited love on his part. Mr. Roosevelt did not lack seal In the campaign for Mr. Taffs election and what reason Is there for suspecting that he will act differently next year? Nob whatever. The Colonel 1 not a candidate for another term. Certainly he Is not a declared candidate and we do not believe that he 1 maneuvering secretly to supplant Vf - Taf Th Evening Post's attack: upon his motives exude venom a mue too i nl.n is nnv tufa Tta force is livci iu . - very much diminished by the extreme animosity which it reveal, air. noose vit ku ih same right to oppose ar bitration as the Post ha to promote it. Thl IS a rre country ii man who ha been President. mm OBOWTH OF IWXMKTESS. In on of It recent number The v. vrk Run ban an Instructive dis cussion of the growth of lawlessness In the United Statea. various cause are assigned for the unfortunate ten dencies of this nature which our .-kl:i jrlnn manifests, but The Sun seems to assign most Importance to vhnnreil attitude toward the na ture of piushment." It remarks that th old Idea or pur.lsnment as retal iatory has almost vanished, while we innk nnon it an educative and reformatory purely. In former time i. ihnn.ht nrnnr to majce a criminal suiter at least as severely as hi victim had suffered. Now we are only too ready to forget ail about the victim and fix our attention exclu iwaiv on the noor criminal. We smoothly admit that his deed was not the fruit of his own badly regulated mnA momin. but is rather the consequence of social conditions for which he la rrot responsioie. ne aoo ih. of freo will and strict re.nonsi- bllttv is fading ont and with it goes the belief that we have the right to visit anybody with expiatory penal ties. We may chastise for the pur pose of reformation, but not for the a InfllotlnaT tialn. Growing out of this aplrlt of mercy there is a disposition to make rrisona rather pleasant place of sojourn. The old-time filth has been cleaned out. the air Is often pure, sunlight Is ad mitted and the prisoners are allowed .taw nmM on the premises. The natural result of this amelioration Is MOTtXI'G OREGON'IA. TIITJ"RSDAY, SEPTEMBER 21. 1911. .TITE a decline of the fear which prisons once .inspired. Lawbreakers often look irpon them as agreeable resorts to which they go -without especial re luctance. The Indeterminate sentence and the parole system remove even the objection that the ojourn In prison must be unpleasantly pro longed. Under these devices a con vict need not stay in confinement more than a few montha lf he is rea sonably shrewd. Evidently there Is an Inclination In the United States to regard crime as a misfortune which ought to be treated tenderly, and The Sun thinks that this is on of the rea sons why w have so many more murders than other clvillxed landsln proportion to th population. ' W suppose this must be conceded, even by the best friends of the de linquent classes. When It Is under stood that nothing 'very dreadf ul will happen to a man who commit mur der or arson, passion Is llkely'to have a free rein. John will readily shoot James If he knowa he can do It safe ly, while If he knew that the deed would be followed by his own execu tion he would be likely to pause and reflect before he fired. It la Idle to say that the fear of consequences has . no Influence upon conduct. It has a I -. -I-. i e inn,,.ni-a hut experience seems to show that the consequences I fashion Is decidedly in the Interest of need not be hideously cruel In order the West. Formerly the greatest ob to attain the beneficial effect. When ; gtacle with which the West had to punishment passes a certain aegTee oi i savagery, history show mat ii De comes an incitement to crime, not a restraint. The certainty of the pen alty Is of fir more value than Its severity aj a deterrent. It might even be argued with some plausibility that It Is the uncertainty of punish ment rather than tta leniency which is accountable for our excessive num ber of crime of violence. This fault can be traced back, of course, to a flabby state of publlo opinion, but it is exhibited most dis .7,.in.inriv in tha nrocesse of the courts where the trials of persons accused of crime are habitually dila tory, often farcical and sometimes futile. A rigorous demand for se vere Justice on the part of the publlo would correct this laxity in tne course of time, but it seems as If the Judges and lawyers might help natters along a little. Modern humanitarlanism has not been in practice long enough yet. or widely enough, to enable anybody to say positively what Its final conse quences will be. It may cause an in crease of crime that will Imperil so ciety, but on the other hand it may set free forces In human nature which will cause crime to disappear. What ever the consequences may De we must face them, so much Is certain; and we shall do well to prepare by study and observation to race tnem wisely. It Is hardly time as yet for dogmatism upon the perplexing pruo- lema of crime and punishment. COHTLT UmO AND ITS CAUSE. The high cost of living has come to stay. In the opinion or oeurso c. Roberts, Director of the Mint. The supply of cheap, free land is almost exhausted and th amount of new land brought under cultivation does not keep pace with the growth of population. Our population increased 21 per cent between 1900 ana isiu, but the area In farms only increased 4.2 per cent and the area in cultiva tion 15.2 per cent. The Increase in cultivated area began to fall behind that In population In the decade from ls0 to 100 for the first time, except during the war period, 186 0 to 1S0. From 18T0 to 1180 the cultivated area Increased 60 per cent and from 1180 to 1890 25 per cent. Not only la the area of newly culti vated land falling behind the increase In population, but It is of poorer qual ity, much of It being semi-arid, and the East and Middle west anow no Increase. The great gains have been in North Dakota, 112 pen, cent; Okla homa. 10 per oent; Texas, is per cent. The occupation of the cheap land and the greater proportionate de mand for food have combined to ad vance the value and rent of farm land which are more likely to remain fixed than to recede. This fact will drive the farmers to adopt more 'tri dent methods of production that they may Increase the output of the farms, but It is to be feared that this In creased output will no more than pro vide for the increase of population which 'has hitherto depended upon Increase in cultivated area. The gain made by progress In the arts of man ufacture and transportation ha been offset by the higher cost of food, clothing, rent, which force up wages, and of raw materials. Mr. Roberts says: Tta rnal truth ta that thar i dlvida: wa Bra not setting o rourn or n bounty of SHtu' 1 1 ' . ( th Unltad titatea we haa mada a inort i.i. muiiv, ai-arrltr an1 wa hara baao ao important a factor In world produc tion that all tha woria ta auvcivu. Mr. Roberts seea a ray or nope in Canadian reciprocity, but expects that It will merely prevent prices rrom ris ing abnormally, not reduce them. The safest remedy seem to do two fold to get more out of the land we have under cultivation and to Im prove our method of distribution. Th man who farms as father did must give place to the man who ha received clentlflq training and ap plies It In getting out of the soil that which It will best produc and putting back Into It th elements necessary to produce another crop. Such farming generally require smaller farms, for It require closer attention to detail than Is possible on a large farm. In a way it require that personal ac quaintance with each plant which the rhiniaa farmer la said to give his crops. The back-to-the-farm move ment la a necessary part of this work of scientific farming, for It will supply the army of recruits for the sub divided farms and will restore the balance between urban and rural pop ulation, between producer and con sumer of food". It will be Immensely helped by the demonstration farms which are to be promoted at the meeting of the Oregon Development League at Burns and which are to make every Agricultural College stu dent a teacher of practical farming to a whole community. At the same time that the con sumer Is complaining of high prices, the farmer In many sections Is com plaining of low prices. He finds that between half and two-thirds of the price paid by the consumer goes to the railroad and the middleman, mostly, to the middleman. If the farmer could deal directly with the consumwr through co-operative stores or public markets, he would receive more and the consumer would pay less. As for the middleman, he could go to work as manager of a market or co-operative store or become a farmer. In the one case ne wouia De- aid to distribution, la the come an other a produoer. Instead of a para site, as he now la. The time has come when we can no longer spend with a lavish hand from the bounty which nature gave us. We I need not be parsimonious, but we must not be wasteful. By not tuny using our resources we are wasting them, and by adding unnecessary tep to the process of distribution we are wasting them still more. Through blunders In water-right notices, made by the city's attorney, the city Is In danger of losing the water of Bull Run necessary tu sup ply the second pipeline. Yet the vot ers refuse to raise the salary of the City Attorney to a sum sufficient to Justify a nrst-clRss attorney In seek ing the position. This species of economy may compel the city to buy at great expense the water it might have had for nothing. It would be cheaper for the city to pay a good sal ary and then see that it elects a man who Is worth the money. Secretary of War Stlmson follows the faslhon in making a personal ex amination of his problems between sessions of Congress. As most or the problems with which Cabinet mlnis- tr hnve to deal are In the West, this contend in its aeaiing wun moj ernment was Ignorance or esiern conditions on the part of Cabinet members. The tours of the heads of departments are removing this obsta cle. The outrageous abuse of a simple minded girl of 14 by a number of for eigners near Castle Rock. Wash., again calls attention to the careless ness displayed in allowing a girl of that kind and age the freedom that makes her the victim of such a crime. Her condition precludes identification of the assailant and their easy escape will lead them to attempted repeti tion elsewhere, when It la to be hoped they will be given the summary pun ishment they deserve. There Is something of ' a poser for our war maniacs In the fact that the least civilized countries of the world are the ones which are always fight ing. Central America Is ignorant and poverty-stricken and It is seldom at peace. Spain Is poor, proud, laxy and benighted, and its insurrections are always breaking out or being sup pressed. No doubt it is very glorious to fight, but enlightenment, peace and comfort also have a certain charm. It Is very true, as General Wood says, that an Army officer who has been educated at the expense of the Nation owes the Nation his services for at least four years, but If he Is kept In the Army against his will, his un willing service will be of little value. Furthermore, a man who will obtain his education at public expense on the understanding that he la to use it in the public service Is nothing but a bilk and the Army is well rid of him. The amenities of college life show up about the same as usual this tan. Some of the victims are maimed, .nma killed outright, some driven crazy. But what of It? Must not the Moloch of "College Spirit" receive Its annual tribute of human sacrifice? It matters very little that young Wlllard, of Seattle, and scores of others are in jured for life as long as tne sacrea rites are properly celebrated. Tf few of the city denizens who are complaining of the high cost of livfn.- would go to the country and raise hogs, they would reduce their own cost of living and by increasing the output of hogs reduce the cost of bacon and eggs, ham and eggs and pork and beans to those who remained In the cities. There Is plenty of room for more hgs In Oregon. . To die laughing is not a bad way of departing from the world. If Will inm Snvder had expired In the cli max of his hilarity Instead of merely falling out of the window, we snouia have envied him his euthanasia. As it is, he must go on living and peeling potatoes as of yore, which Is a slngu lnriv rti.mal fate, particularly In a Seattle kitchen. The -hlef bulwark of the Spanish monarchy is the divisions among its enemies. When socialists start a revo lution. Republicans stand aloof, and x-Ii-a versa. The monarchy survives not so much through the support of the majority as through inability to agree upon a substitute. That makes Alfonso scat rather rickety. If Jacob Oppenhelmer had been an Oregon murderer under the West re gime, he would probably have been pardoned at the request of the Gov ernor's little girl and have murdered a good citizen instead of another mur derer. The place for a man-tiger is a cage. ' The wonder Is not that Mr. Board man has come to the conclusion that she may as well stop supporting her Idle husband and work for herself, but that It ha taken her two year to reach that conclusion. The fact that reduced taxation Is to be the Issue in the coming Japanese election Is proof enough that the country Is more hungry 'r bread than for war. Let Joy overshadow the gloom. The tiornr wants 100 mors policemen. with full quota of non-commissioned staff. Let the edge on the pie knife be keen. The patrolman who would take no "Hp" from a colored lawyer waa In tensely human but indiscreet. Mrs. Caudle is vindicated by a Kan sas City Judge, who holds that a wife has a right to scold. Disappointed In being paroled, an other trusty Is missing and blighted hopes are blasted. . All aspirants to the shrievalty so far announced are near the middle of the alphabet. The Arbuckles may control sugar and coffee, but they cannot boost the "sinker." Investigation by the Federal grand Jury mav Increase the list of "miss ing." ' The county fair at Gresham serves the patronage of city folk. de- Somebody has been giving the i wrong dope to John L. Sullivan. Gleanings of the Day Those persons who propose that the Government Itself operate coal mines in Alaska and those others who would settle the trust evil by substituting Government monopoly, would do well to take heed of the result of govern ment ownership of coal mines in Ger many. The government .embarked In the business in . the expectation that It could mine and sell cheaper than private owners, and that It could pre vent manipulation of price by the syndicates of private owners. The ex periment has failed at every point, and a special committee of the Prussian Diet has been appointed to find the cause and the remedy. In the Saar dis trict the government has a practical monopoly. Though lower wages are paid than In the Aachen and Dortmund districts, and operations are on a scale large enough to permit many econo mies, the price of coal is higher than in all other districts or Germany, and the output per employe Is only 2J7 tons aa compared with 260 tons Tor private employers at Dortmund, and 249.7 tons for all Germany. This failure is at tributed by the Prussian legislative committee to unavoidable political con siderations In selecting and controlling the personnel, and to the higher price which the government,- for some unac countable reason, is rorced to pay ror its materials. State owaorsnip nan railed to keep down chs price not only In the Saar. but in Silesia, where the state has Joined private owners in price regulation, and in Westphalia, where the state keep clear or tne syn dicate but Is rorced to suffer a loss In order to undersell It. ir this is the result in Germany, where the standard or publlo service is admittedly much higher than in the United States, wnai might be expected If publlo ownership and operation were adopted here? The old City ot Aleppo in Syria, with 200,000 to 250,000 people, Is waking up and moving to introduce modern im provements. Not only Is It to be on the Bagdad Railroad, which the Ger mans are building, but it is to have a branch line to the port or Alexandretta, where a pier is to be built The munic ipal government has prepared plans ror electric light and street railway systems, the power to be obtained rrom Daphna Falls In the Orontes River, about 60 miles distant. A French company is carrying out a con tract for macadamizing 808 miles of roads with crushed rock and rebuild ing the bridges in the vicinity of Aleppo. The roads are now so bad that freight from Alexandretta to Aleii po last Winter was 122 a ton. The French company also has e. contract ror a macadamized road rrom Rakka to Bagdad, a distance or 466 miles. All this publlo work has caused an Influx of Europeans, a great Increase in rents and a building boom. A coal deposit has been found near Aintab and neigh boring mountains are said to be rich in copper, iron, silver and gold, which will be made accessible by the rail road. When the New York woman suffrage leaders learned that Mrs. Gus Ruhlln, of Brooklyn, wire of the ex-prlzefighter, had opened suffrage headquarters in a large room adjoining her husband's saloon, they were horrified. One of them said It made her faint and sick. Mrs. Ida Harper declared that she did not close her eyes' the night after she heard that the yellow banners of "the cause" were flaunting In a saloon, its posters looking down over a bar and Its oratory flowing in a rear room. It seemed to her that Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton must rise from their graves In righteous protest. "If It la necessary to establish head quarters In a saloon," she said, "then it Is rar better that the movement should stop absolutely." Farm lands In the South are increas ing rapidly in value. The rate has been 118 per cent since 1900, or a total valuation of 15.000.000,000 in round numbers In 1110 as against some 12.000,000,000 in 1900. The aggregate gross earnings of the railroads of the United States decreased 1.18 per cent, net earnings 6.31 per cent in the year ending June 20. Chicago adopted the most effective means of killing the theater ticket scalpers' graft by staying away. This Is one Incident of the war on the mid dleman, who makes his living through a rake-orr on wnat omera jjrvuuuo rather than produce anything hlmseir. Farms in the United States have more than doubled In value during the 10 years rrom 1900 to 1910, which fact both explains and Is explained by the high cost of living. High prices have Increased the farmer's profits and thereby Increased the capital value of his farm. Improvements on the farm have Increased the oost or production more than they have Increased the volume of production. One cause act ing from one direction and the other cause from the other direction have combined to bring about the one re sult. The value of farm lands and buildings In 1910 was placed by the Census Bureau at $24,681,607,000 as against 111.614.648.000 In 1900. an In crease of nearly 109 per cent. Part or this Increase is due to the adoption of a lower rate of Interest than ror merly as a basis ror calculating the capitalized value. There is an Increase or 77 per cent In the value or larm buildings, which Is now 86,294.787,000; 68 per cent in value or Implements and J machinery, from 8749.776.000 to 11,262.- 022,000; 80 per cent In expenditure for labor, rrom 8357.892,000 to J645.612.000. Expenditures for fertilization Increased from 150,000,000 a year to' 1115,000,000. Vast sums have been spent In improv ing worthless land Irrigating arid land, draining swamp land, tiling wet land, clearing away stones and stumps, breaking up prairies and building fences. A. change which is largely the result of the development or the fer tility of land by these methods and by fertilizing Is a great Increase in the number of small farms which is ex pected to continue and to Increase the value of farm land still further. There was an Increase of 12 per cent In the number or farmi under 20 acres, nearly 25 per cent In number or farmi be tween 20 and 175 acres, while farms of 500 to 1000 acres Increased only 2 per cent, and those of 1000 acres and over less than 1 per cent. A glassblower In New Jersey has produced a perfect bottle so small that a fly cannot crawl Into It with folded wings. HIGHWAYS A5D FAIR BOLDIXGS nooalna of Exhibit Declared aa Im portant a Automobile Roadn. SALEM. Or.. Sept. 19. (To the Edi tor.) I was at the State Fair last week when I noticed by the papers that the Governor Intended calling an extra ses sion of the Legislature to pass good roads legislation. I came to the fair to see the people and the exhibits. Owing to the heavy rains and very In adequate buildings the people who pat ronized this excellent state Institution were compelled to stand around like ducks, or go home or seek shelter In the over-crowde old shacks called the pavilion, or, like myself, ajourt the com pany of some of the bkaoded livestock. Between admiring the beautiful lines or a blooded Clyde and digesting the story or how our brave and accom modating Governor would call an extra session provided the Legislature would waive pay, pay their own carfare, clerks, etc., and then do his bidding, my mind sought a rew bypaths, and I called to mind the fact that this same Legislature at Its last session appro priated enough to build a first-class flreproor pavilion, large enough to house and protect the fine exhibits and for the people when the weather was bad. I felt that Oregon Is of sufficient Importance in an agricultural way to expend 850.000 on a good rair building before It starts In to spend 150,000,000 on good roads ror the automobile cranks and the agents ror Eastern road machinery companies. ir our Governor Is so sure -he Is right and that the people approve of his policy of allowing flOO.OOO to buy land rrom himself and a rew rriends near the Statehouse, and that they disap prove or decent buildings for their rair, why does he try to make the members promise in advance that they will not even vote on this veto ot the building ror the State Fair? If he is as brave aa he granted us to think he was when Lhe essayed the role of the country Con stable in arresting one oi uw pi io.. pets while the aforesaid pet was asleep, why doesn't he take a chance on the winflnm of this veto? In truth, he is as brave, probably. In one case as in the other. He didn't announce me presence or his excellency to the pris oner until that gentleman was covered by the rifles or several men, and he will not call the session until he Is certain his vetoes will not be touched. Then they will be- sare, as no later Legislature can molest. And. bv the way. the last session passed several road bills. Both Houses gave a lot or time to their considera tion. People from various organiza tions attended the committee meetings. tha Gran ire was well represented ana finally bills were passed which were generally satisfactory to all except a few persons In Portland,- and at their request the bills were vetoed. Then, If my memory is not bad, these same patriots who had thus defeated bills which had been well considered and -j v,i.(t. oi-er-willlne and too- pliant Governor to appoint them and some others to draft new bills. This special session is to be called now to ratify these bills under the promise to do nothing else. Has It come to pass that Oregon is governed by the Portland Auto Club and a few other well-dressed idlers? Are the 90 Representatives of all of the people from each county in the state to be made the bound slaves of a few gasoline-burning speed maniacs? Are our farmers and livestock men to be denied a decent place to house their annual exhibits and then have their taxes used to construct Bpeedways tor racing maniacs? What benefit would an Interstate road be to the rarmers living along It? A farmer would as quickly think of driving his farm team along a railroad track before a rast mall train as to venture on one or these auto racetracks. For my part, I would like the fair taken care of so that I may not be re quired to rorce my society onto some other man's stallion when It rains, and I would also like to see a number or other vetoes Inquired Into. Including the good roads bills. If something bet . i- , hiA. nil well and good, but I don't want all the money spent at the behest and under the direction or a rew machinery agents and auto. Kins; George Sever Forg-eta. Detroit Free Press. Ti-... nr foreets his friends. When he made his last visit to the Duchy of Cornwall, before saying au revoir he remembered a hostler named John Hobbs. who acted as one ot his grooms when in Malta. Great, there fore, was Hobbs' surprise when he re ceived a telegram from Sir William Carrlngton: "The Prince of Wales has -....I wtr statlonmaster to ad mit you to the Btatlon tomorrow at 11:15." The morrow came, and wltn it John Hobbs, and when tne ntue mau .T-f.i icinar Georite held out his 1 said: "Hello. Hobbs! How t" And for a rew minutes Hobbs round himself in the midst of a distinguished company, conversing with one who Is now Kli.g of England. Judge Llndaey and HI Drinks. Denver Times. Judge Ben B. Lindsey, the reformer ot Denver, was lunching one day it was very warm when a politician paused beside the table. "Judge," said the politician, "I see you're drinkin' hot cawfee. That's a heatln' drink." "Yes?" said Judge Lindsey. "Oh yes. In this weather you want Iced drinks. Judge sharp. Iced drinks. Did you ever try gin and ginger aler "No." said the Judge, smiling, "but I've tried several fellows who have." Mr. E. H. Harrlman Abhor Waste. Indianapolis News. Mrs. Ev H. Harriman is said to in sist that "left-overs" be made use of Both In food and wearing apparel. She may, no doubt, think that he ex ample she sets or not allowing any waste Is worth as much In the general plan ot things as the actual value ot things saved. She Is said to have al ways saved rrom her housekeeping al lowance and to have administered her husband's property with the same rru gal care. . Moral Influence and the Public. Washington Star. "Why did you keep creating new supplies of stock in your big corpora tion?" asked the modest trader. "I wanted to pass it around," replied Mr. Dustln Stax. "I want as much or the public In on the enterprise as pos sible Every stockholder who gets an occasional dividend is absolutely con vinced that ours is one or the good trusts." New Kind of Jlnrlklaha. Chicago Record-Herald. A new kind or Jlnrikisha is being used by the Chinese of the Malay states. It is one-wheeled, being built k. mnnncvde nrinciDle, and is said to be a great Improvement upon the old vehicle. Perilous Duty for Physician. Washlneton Star. "Mv nosltlon." remarked the eminent physician, "is one requiring tne great est tact and diplomacy." tx7v,o ia the trouble?" "I feel conscientiously obliged to tell several of my most wealthy and Influential patients tnat iney overenu Mlxed Market In New York. v York Morning Telegraph. By a Juxtaposition of signs a Sixth avenue dujiuius B,cci "Chiropody and home-made pies.; And a little lower down with: "Manicuring and poached eggs." CHILDREN HEED MORAL LESSONS Writer Would nave Lean Prudiahnea In Instruction, of Young. OREGON CITY. Sept, 19. (To the Editor.) Did you ever read the writing on the wall? I mean the outside back walls or our public schoolhouses? If not, do so, and did you ever have a heart to heart talk with a public school teacher one who would give you her confidence? If not. and you ever get the opportunity do so. Ask him. or her as the case may be. about that horrible word or words that oc casionally defile the blackboard after school is dismissed, to be discovered next morning. Of course the teacher doesn't see it, or it unable to avoid it. she assumes an ignorance not shared i by any single tot in her clasa boy or girl. If you are not a parent ask on who is. or that obscene expression re erardins: which little Johnny, or little sis Inquired the meaning, (ir bub and sis never asked any such question it's probably because they already know). Ask them where the child Just heard It. The answer is, at school, or on the playground, perhaps on their own door steps, while playing with other chil dren. Then ask yourself where the original child Just got its knowledge. If you go to church sometimes, look Inside the back covers of the .Bible, hymnal or prayer-book: occasioa.ll dis coveries are quite possible. And now, to emulate Mr. Euclid Does it not seem as it the real first cause could be round in the homel Your home, and my home, as well at the other fellow's? Morality may b a matter of geography, but immorality surely Isn't. Not in all homes will you find the germ or sex-immorality, hut In every home you'll find the germ of some one or another infraction ol the moral code. Little children at play pool theli knowledge good and bad; and thia moral vaccination "takes" or doesn't "take," according to the child's en vironment. With youth and ado lescence comes the actual test, and we fall or resist according as we have been predisposed. Most of us who go wrong are careful. Some few of ui are not, and consequently help make statistics. It is possible for a boy or girl of ability to split the affection they have for their wedded mate, with the affinity or the hour; In which they are rar more rortunate than their unmar ried sister whose frailty is known and read or all men. Particularly is It read. The seed Is sown in tne home, and not necessarily a slum home at that, cultivated and spread in the play hour, and reaped In the divorce court If the sinner is "respectable." and In the tenderloin If she's not. The harvester may be a married man, as some assert! or a macque, a playmate, fellow-student, or even the preacher himself. But If it had not been for the sowing, and the cultivation, the harvester would get mighty little for his pains. It seems to me that there is too little at tention given to the cause, and far too much to the effect. More common sense, and less prudlshness In the handling of little children, will largely do away with the necessity for rescue homes. R. V. D. JOHNSTON Half a Century Ago From tha Oresonlan, Sept. 21, 1861. Mr. Love Is about to ereot a flour ing -mill at Vancouver. Lieutenant-Colonel Babbitt has been ordered to San Franoisco to act there as chief quartermaster of the depart ment. It is said that quite a number of the overland emigrants this year will go into Washington Territory. A good many miners came down last night to spend the Winter In the val ley. They report everything right above. The .Mountaineer of Wednesday says that some 120 wagons have reached the settlements. The last arrival re ports a fight with the Indians, In which the latter were severely whipped and which will teach them not to trouble emigrant trains In future. A. J. Lawrence,- Esq., who was sent over to Olympla from Vancouver arter the seat or government, has returned without it, but brought two papers, one rrom the acting Governor and the other rrom the Chief Justice, which the Van couver editor proposes to give next week with appropriate remarks. United States Treasury notes have been received at San Francisco. Judge McAllister was paid his salary with them. It Is supposed that all the Fed eral officers will "be thus paid. These notes have two years to run and are received ror duties. They will make good exchange to send to the states. Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe (Copyright, 1911, by George Matthew Adami) a men whn iilvavs cots whipped. soon quits fighting, and becomes an ad vocate of peace. Among the men, there Is usually a lot or smoke, where women are con-" cerned, but very little fire. rh tflenhone erlrls have more pati ence than any other class of women In the world; in case I marry again, I intend to marry a telephone girl. & man can keen a secret all right. If It Is a mean story on himself. A number of voung men will shortly give an amateur minstrel performance; and I Know wnai is sums the night of the show; people will laugh themselves to death. A bold woman may annoy a man for a time, but finally she gets the worst of It. When I hear people talking in Ger man, It always seems wonderful to me that they can understand each other. People generally would be more truthful were It not for their unoon trollable desire to talk. When your wife buys a new hat, how much attention does she pay to your taste? The back end of a grocery store usually looks as bad as a kitchen. Machine to Pnate Paper Label. Indianapolis News. A machine hag been Invented to paste paper labels on bottles. It Is driven by an electric motor. IRRELEVANT RHYMES. The Social Order must be changed When "thinkers' " livers get deranged. Government by what name you will. The stronger rule the weaker still. Whether one strive for fame or pelf. The meed'B but the essay Itself. Said Truth, "Don't be inquisitive; Best your illusions keep and live!" When rogue meets rogue each knows the other. And needs no token for a brother. No tiny Insect but does deem Itseir creation's end supreme. Better be handsome than be wise. Where few have minds and all have eyes. The white hand to the hand or grime Says. "Idleness, my rrlend, is crime." Harry Murphy.