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Eanmi Office No. I Itenant atravt. .
rOKTLaXD, THllaDAT. SEPT. It,
TBI EN O TO BCROUUUI TA1X.
Th Portland Journal quote Presi
dent TaTt a using In his Detroit
peech th following remarkable lan-
Wa caa cat alone without eompatltloa : w
ran fit aion wltnoot masopolr. Mid th
Inutnta- man of the country muat equare
tharoaalraa with that BKaaalty. Kilnar that
r wa must proeaad to atata -la!um and
fta ml tha Oorartuaaat with power to run
rvwry euslneaa
Having falsely credited the Presi
dent with a distinct expression for
atata socialism, and of friendliness to
monopoly, tha Journal proceeds to
accuse) him of having mada another
blunder, comparabla only to the Wi
nona speech. It protests in the name
of every telephone operative, ban
clerk, elevator boy. blacksmith, farm
laborer, logger, stockman, artisan and
toller of every kind, who U in "open
and keen competition with all others
of his kind. ... He has declared
for a socialism In which the captains
of Big Business instead of the state
re to be the guardians of the multi
tude." It would be a reproach Justified,
perhaps. If the President had said
what thia Portland paper says he
aid. But he did not. He said exactly
the opposite. Here Is the correct
quotation:
Wa did gat alon with edrnpatltlon: w
eaa (at along with It. Wa did sat along
without monopoly: wa- caa get Ion wllh
ut It. and tha alnaee men of thta country
must square thmala with that -oily.
Elthar that or w tnuat proceed to
stats eociaiiim and at Ooyaramant with
Men ta run yrr buainaaa
Here is a square, explicit, plain dec
laration airainst monopoly and for the
competitive system: against Bl Bual
ceaa and for the right of every worker
and toller to have his chance; against
the trusts and for the multitude, that
no one who read or hears can poasl
bly misunderstand. Tet It is garbled,
distorted, twisted Into an open and
defiant avowral of championship of
monopoly and belief In socialism. It
la an attempt to Burchardlxe Taft by
a newspaper with a weakness for
forged rper. for the Dlck-to-Dlcl
fraud, first found the light in the same
paper.
The Oregon'an notices this palpable
fraud now. that there may be no ex
cuse hereafter on the part of any per
son or any newspaper for misrepre
senting the farts.
CANADA'S KM ITBCKITT FKiHT.
Canada Is today at the parting of
the way, as President Taft aald. By
fcer vote today Canada will decide
whether she will bind the Ues of trad
and friendship with the United State
or will repel th outatretched hand
and make th Imaginary Une which
forma th boundary a real barrier be
tween two nation, akin In blood and
.tradition and each needing th oth
er product. ...
The Canadian people ar divided on
the issue of reciprocity by the Inter
est of clasa a well as of a fictitious
onUment of loyalty to Great Britain.
The protected manufacturer of th
Ontario and Quebec cities and th
lumber manufacturers, salmon pack
era and fruit growers of British
, Columbia are alarmed at the prospect
of an Invasion of cheaper American
product to take away their markets
among the farmer. Th farmers of
the prairie province and Ontario are
elated at the prospect of a wVler
market for their grain, cattle, dairy
products and fruit, and of being able
to buy farm machinery and other
eoess.irle at lower price without
being dependent on the limited Cana
dian product. Hence the raanuiac
turers are overwhelmingly aaralnat
reciprocity, the farmer as strongly In
It favor. The maritime province of
the East are for reciprocity, because
they do a large shipping business and
are, largely dependent on New Eng
land for a market. Wuebec. th
Frenrh province, la divided by both
self-Interest and sentiment, and 1 th
battleground of the campaign.
The election has been fought with a
fury unprecedented even In Canada,
whor a man of the opposite party U
generally regarded as a double-dyed
lllain. where a Conservative grit hi
teeth as he call a Liberal a Orlt. and
a Liberal expresae hi contempt for
Conervativ by calling htm a Tory.
The word "fought." a applied to the
election, is mot appropriate, for
many of the meetings end In free
f.ghta, and ambuUnce are at hand to
carry the wounded to the nospi-aus.
where the whole s'afT Is kept busy
for hours mending cracked skulls and
troken no ar..l Jaws.
The Conservatives hav shown the
weakness of their case by evading the
mala Usue and appealing to a narrow
sentiment of loyalty against reci
procity. Th burden of their ong
ha been that reciprocity 1 only a
preliminary to annexation, that th
Vnlted State alms to absorb Canada
fcy degrev. both commercially and
politically, until the Dominion Is
severed from Great Britain and be
comea a part of the Republic. This
argument ha been backed up by a
quotation of Speaker Clark's foolish
Pole-to-Panama speech in favor of
annexation and by misquotation
from th President' speeches. The
Conservative have practically waved
the Union Jack before th eye of th
vltra-Brtilsh element, which 1 more
loyal than any Englishman, and
painted lurid picture of th dire con.
sequence of trtntr.g with the sacred
tie. Premier Laurler Is being at
tacked from the opposite side by
Henri Bouraasa, leader of the Nation
alists, who is telling the French of
VJuebao that Laurler has made an
agreement with tha British govern
xuant hrby their aona may be
drafted Into th British navy against
their will. He goes to the extreme
In tirging Independence of both Great
Britain and th United States. tm
Canada be sufficient unto herself. As
might be expected, each party accuses
th other of letting American trusts
Br.anc it campaign, but this 1 more
probably true of th Conservative,
who ar th Ust hop of th elements,
which ppod the blU at Wash
ington. ,
Th last Canadian House of Com
mons wa composed of 1J Liberals
and II Conservative, and th latter
must gain II seata In order to con
trol. While Conservatlvea predict
victory.' they ar vague as to esti
mates, but Llberala give more definlt
figure and expect about to hold their
own. Th chief element of doubt 1
41 constituencies which the Liberal
carried at the last election by J50
ote or lees, and om district which
the Conservative carried by a small
margin and where money may Decide
th result.
TH RESrOMSIWlJTT.
The responsibility for calling a spe
cial session of th legislature to con
alder good roads, or for any purpose,
rests solely with the Governor. It 1
cheap politic nothing else for him
to attempt to shift th load to th
legislature. The legislators will not
accept his conditions. They should
not. It Involves them In sacrifice and
humiliation and shame-faced confes
sion of entire accountability for the
present situation as to good roads.
The Governor sale that the recent
letfslature passed "Inconsistent and
in.iY-ottve" hULa and he vetoed the'm.
Then he appointed a committee of
representative men. cnosea nv.u
every county In the state, to meet and
draft good roads bills for submis
sion to the next legislature or to the
people. "The purpose." he says, "was
not to attempt to tie the handa of the
Legislature or Interfere In any way
with Its prerogative."
The purpose distinctly waa and dis
tinctly la to tie the hands of the Leg
islature and Interfere with Its prerog
atives. Th Governor has the' extra
ordinary presumption to Insist that
the Legislature come together on
conditions made In advance by him
and proceed with Us business In a
manner defined by him, enacting a
law framed for htm by others (select
ed by the Governor), and not by
themselves.
It Is Incredible that the Governor
should have supposed that the Legis
lature would, by accepting hi terms
and adopting his suggestions, have
,.,. mihtlflv arknowledsed its own
Incompetency to frame laws and
have agreed that that runction snouiu
be performed by him through his ap
pointees and advisers. Incredible and
preposterous. Going to Salem with
out pay and acting there In accord
ance with the executive programme 1
acknowledgment that the Legislature
In It prevlou performance waa all
wrong, and th Governor In his pres
ent plan la all right. What la a Leg
islatures fort
A spiTerci, CRITICISM.
Mr. Roosevelt's outpourings in the
Outlook on the subject of the arbitra
tion treaties have led the New York
Evening Post to stigmatise hlra as a
barbarian. His opinion Is that arbi
tration would work very well on mat
ters which neither nation cared much
about but if they deemed an issue
worth fighting over they would fight
and all the treaties in the world would
not prevent them.
Mr. Roosevelt specifies the Montroe
Doctrine and Oriental immigration aa
topics which we could not under any
conditions submit to arbitration. Of
course It might be replied that in no
imaginable clrcumstancea Is trouble
likely to arise over them, but the
Evening Post, which doe not love Mr.
Roosevelt, approaches th aubject In
another spirit. It choose to believe
that hi opposition to arbitration
grows out of his envy of Mr. Taft who
would acquire undying glory were the
treaties to be concluded prosperously.
Our metropolitan contemporary plain
ly hints its suspicion that Mr. Roose
velt Is a clandestine aspirant for a
third term in the White House and
that he thinks the best way to obtain
It I to spoil Mr. Taffs work.
W cannot help thinking that the
Evening Poet Is a little too suspicious
Af h rninn.l'i motive. He has not
shown any extraordinary warmth of
affection for Mr. Taft since his return
from the African wilds but on the
other hand the President has not
bubbled over with unrequited love on
his part. Mr. Roosevelt did not lack
seal In the campaign for Mr. Taffs
election and what reason Is there for
suspecting that he will act differently
next year? Nob whatever. The
Colonel 1 not a candidate for another
term. Certainly he Is not a declared
candidate and we do not believe that
he 1 maneuvering secretly to supplant
Vf - Taf
Th Evening Post's attack: upon his
motives exude venom a mue too
i nl.n is nnv tufa Tta force is
livci iu . -
very much diminished by the extreme
animosity which it reveal, air. noose
vit ku ih same right to oppose ar
bitration as the Post ha to promote
it. Thl IS a rre country ii
man who ha been President.
mm OBOWTH OF IWXMKTESS.
In on of It recent number The
v. vrk Run ban an Instructive dis
cussion of the growth of lawlessness
In the United Statea. various cause
are assigned for the unfortunate ten
dencies of this nature which our
.-kl:i jrlnn manifests, but The Sun
seems to assign most Importance to
vhnnreil attitude toward the na
ture of piushment." It remarks that
th old Idea or pur.lsnment as retal
iatory has almost vanished, while we
innk nnon it an educative and
reformatory purely. In former time
i. ihnn.ht nrnnr to majce a
criminal suiter at least as severely as
hi victim had suffered. Now we are
only too ready to forget ail about the
victim and fix our attention exclu
iwaiv on the noor criminal. We
smoothly admit that his deed was not
the fruit of his own badly regulated
mnA momin. but is rather the
consequence of social conditions for
which he la rrot responsioie. ne aoo
ih. of freo will and strict re.nonsi-
bllttv is fading ont and with it goes
the belief that we have the right to
visit anybody with expiatory penal
ties. We may chastise for the pur
pose of reformation, but not for the
a InfllotlnaT tialn.
Growing out of this aplrlt of mercy
there is a disposition to make rrisona
rather pleasant place of sojourn. The
old-time filth has been cleaned out.
the air Is often pure, sunlight Is ad
mitted and the prisoners are allowed
.taw nmM on the premises. The
natural result of this amelioration Is
MOTtXI'G OREGON'IA. TIITJ"RSDAY, SEPTEMBER 21. 1911.
.TITE
a decline of the fear which prisons
once .inspired. Lawbreakers often
look irpon them as agreeable resorts
to which they go -without especial re
luctance. The Indeterminate sentence
and the parole system remove even
the objection that the ojourn In
prison must be unpleasantly pro
longed. Under these devices a con
vict need not stay in confinement
more than a few montha lf he is rea
sonably shrewd. Evidently there Is
an Inclination In the United States to
regard crime as a misfortune which
ought to be treated tenderly, and The
Sun thinks that this is on of the rea
sons why w have so many more
murders than other clvillxed landsln
proportion to th population.
' W suppose this must be conceded,
even by the best friends of the de
linquent classes. When It Is under
stood that nothing 'very dreadf ul will
happen to a man who commit mur
der or arson, passion Is llkely'to have
a free rein. John will readily shoot
James If he knowa he can do It safe
ly, while If he knew that the deed
would be followed by his own execu
tion he would be likely to pause and
reflect before he fired. It la Idle to
say that the fear of consequences has .
no Influence upon conduct. It has a I
-. -I-. i e inn,,.ni-a hut experience
seems to show that the consequences I fashion Is decidedly in the Interest of
need not be hideously cruel In order the West. Formerly the greatest ob
to attain the beneficial effect. When ; gtacle with which the West had to
punishment passes a certain aegTee oi i
savagery, history show mat ii De
comes an incitement to crime, not a
restraint. The certainty of the pen
alty Is of fir more value than Its
severity aj a deterrent. It might
even be argued with some plausibility
that It Is the uncertainty of punish
ment rather than tta leniency which
is accountable for our excessive num
ber of crime of violence.
This fault can be traced back, of
course, to a flabby state of publlo
opinion, but it is exhibited most dis
.7,.in.inriv in tha nrocesse of the
courts where the trials of persons
accused of crime are habitually dila
tory, often farcical and sometimes
futile. A rigorous demand for se
vere Justice on the part of the publlo
would correct this laxity in tne course
of time, but it seems as If the Judges
and lawyers might help natters along
a little. Modern humanitarlanism has
not been in practice long enough yet.
or widely enough, to enable anybody
to say positively what Its final conse
quences will be. It may cause an in
crease of crime that will Imperil so
ciety, but on the other hand it may
set free forces In human nature which
will cause crime to disappear. What
ever the consequences may De we
must face them, so much Is certain;
and we shall do well to prepare by
study and observation to race tnem
wisely. It Is hardly time as yet for
dogmatism upon the perplexing pruo-
lema of crime and punishment.
COHTLT UmO AND ITS CAUSE.
The high cost of living has come to
stay. In the opinion or oeurso c.
Roberts, Director of the Mint. The
supply of cheap, free land is almost
exhausted and th amount of new
land brought under cultivation does
not keep pace with the growth of
population. Our population increased
21 per cent between 1900 ana isiu,
but the area In farms only increased
4.2 per cent and the area in cultiva
tion 15.2 per cent. The Increase in
cultivated area began to fall behind
that In population In the decade from
ls0 to 100 for the first time, except
during the war period, 186 0 to 1S0.
From 18T0 to 1180 the cultivated area
Increased 60 per cent and from 1180
to 1890 25 per cent.
Not only la the area of newly culti
vated land falling behind the increase
In population, but It is of poorer qual
ity, much of It being semi-arid, and
the East and Middle west anow no
Increase. The great gains have been
in North Dakota, 112 pen, cent; Okla
homa. 10 per oent; Texas, is per
cent.
The occupation of the cheap land
and the greater proportionate de
mand for food have combined to ad
vance the value and rent of farm
land which are more likely to remain
fixed than to recede. This fact will
drive the farmers to adopt more 'tri
dent methods of production that they
may Increase the output of the farms,
but It is to be feared that this In
creased output will no more than pro
vide for the increase of population
which 'has hitherto depended upon
Increase in cultivated area. The gain
made by progress In the arts of man
ufacture and transportation ha been
offset by the higher cost of food,
clothing, rent, which force up wages,
and of raw materials. Mr. Roberts
says:
Tta rnal truth ta that thar i
dlvida: wa Bra not setting o rourn or n
bounty of SHtu'
1 1 ' . (
th
Unltad titatea we haa mada a inort
i.i. muiiv, ai-arrltr an1 wa hara
baao ao important a factor In world produc
tion that all tha woria ta auvcivu.
Mr. Roberts seea a ray or nope in
Canadian reciprocity, but expects that
It will merely prevent prices rrom ris
ing abnormally, not reduce them.
The safest remedy seem to do two
fold to get more out of the land we
have under cultivation and to Im
prove our method of distribution.
Th man who farms as father did
must give place to the man who ha
received clentlflq training and ap
plies It In getting out of the soil that
which It will best produc and putting
back Into It th elements necessary to
produce another crop. Such farming
generally require smaller farms, for
It require closer attention to detail
than Is possible on a large farm. In
a way it require that personal ac
quaintance with each plant which the
rhiniaa farmer la said to give his
crops. The back-to-the-farm move
ment la a necessary part of this work
of scientific farming, for It will supply
the army of recruits for the sub
divided farms and will restore the
balance between urban and rural pop
ulation, between producer and con
sumer of food". It will be Immensely
helped by the demonstration farms
which are to be promoted at the
meeting of the Oregon Development
League at Burns and which are to
make every Agricultural College stu
dent a teacher of practical farming to
a whole community.
At the same time that the con
sumer Is complaining of high prices,
the farmer In many sections Is com
plaining of low prices. He finds that
between half and two-thirds of the
price paid by the consumer goes to
the railroad and the middleman,
mostly, to the middleman. If the
farmer could deal directly with the
consumwr through co-operative stores
or public markets, he would receive
more and the consumer would pay
less. As for the middleman, he could
go to work as manager of a market
or co-operative store or become a
farmer. In the one case ne wouia De-
aid to distribution, la the
come an
other a produoer. Instead of a para
site, as he now la.
The time has come when we can no
longer spend with a lavish hand from
the bounty which nature gave us. We
I need not be parsimonious, but we
must not be wasteful. By not tuny
using our resources we are wasting
them, and by adding unnecessary
tep to the process of distribution we
are wasting them still more.
Through blunders In water-right
notices, made by the city's attorney,
the city Is In danger of losing the
water of Bull Run necessary tu sup
ply the second pipeline. Yet the vot
ers refuse to raise the salary of the
City Attorney to a sum sufficient to
Justify a nrst-clRss attorney In seek
ing the position. This species of
economy may compel the city to buy
at great expense the water it might
have had for nothing. It would be
cheaper for the city to pay a good sal
ary and then see that it elects a man
who Is worth the money.
Secretary of War Stlmson follows
the faslhon in making a personal ex
amination of his problems between
sessions of Congress. As most or the
problems with which Cabinet mlnis-
tr hnve to deal are In the West, this
contend in its aeaiing wun moj
ernment was Ignorance or esiern
conditions on the part of Cabinet
members. The tours of the heads of
departments are removing this obsta
cle. The outrageous abuse of a simple
minded girl of 14 by a number of for
eigners near Castle Rock. Wash.,
again calls attention to the careless
ness displayed in allowing a girl of
that kind and age the freedom that
makes her the victim of such a crime.
Her condition precludes identification
of the assailant and their easy escape
will lead them to attempted repeti
tion elsewhere, when It la to be hoped
they will be given the summary pun
ishment they deserve.
There Is something of ' a poser for
our war maniacs In the fact that the
least civilized countries of the world
are the ones which are always fight
ing. Central America Is ignorant and
poverty-stricken and It is seldom at
peace. Spain Is poor, proud, laxy and
benighted, and its insurrections are
always breaking out or being sup
pressed. No doubt it is very glorious
to fight, but enlightenment, peace and
comfort also have a certain charm.
It Is very true, as General Wood
says, that an Army officer who has
been educated at the expense of the
Nation owes the Nation his services for
at least four years, but If he Is kept
In the Army against his will, his un
willing service will be of little value.
Furthermore, a man who will obtain
his education at public expense on the
understanding that he la to use it in
the public service Is nothing but a bilk
and the Army is well rid of him.
The amenities of college life show
up about the same as usual this tan.
Some of the victims are maimed,
.nma killed outright, some driven
crazy. But what of It? Must not the
Moloch of "College Spirit" receive Its
annual tribute of human sacrifice? It
matters very little that young Wlllard,
of Seattle, and scores of others are in
jured for life as long as tne sacrea
rites are properly celebrated.
Tf few of the city denizens who
are complaining of the high cost of
livfn.- would go to the country and
raise hogs, they would reduce their
own cost of living and by increasing
the output of hogs reduce the cost of
bacon and eggs, ham and eggs and
pork and beans to those who remained
In the cities. There Is plenty of room
for more hgs In Oregon.
. To die laughing is not a bad way
of departing from the world. If Will
inm Snvder had expired In the cli
max of his hilarity Instead of merely
falling out of the window, we snouia
have envied him his euthanasia. As
it is, he must go on living and peeling
potatoes as of yore, which Is a slngu
lnriv rti.mal fate, particularly In a
Seattle kitchen.
The -hlef bulwark of the Spanish
monarchy is the divisions among its
enemies. When socialists start a revo
lution. Republicans stand aloof, and
x-Ii-a versa. The monarchy survives
not so much through the support of
the majority as through inability to
agree upon a substitute. That makes
Alfonso scat rather rickety.
If Jacob Oppenhelmer had been an
Oregon murderer under the West re
gime, he would probably have been
pardoned at the request of the Gov
ernor's little girl and have murdered
a good citizen instead of another mur
derer. The place for a man-tiger is
a cage. '
The wonder Is not that Mr. Board
man has come to the conclusion that
she may as well stop supporting her
Idle husband and work for herself,
but that It ha taken her two year
to reach that conclusion.
The fact that reduced taxation Is to
be the Issue in the coming Japanese
election Is proof enough that the
country Is more hungry 'r bread
than for war.
Let Joy overshadow the gloom. The
tiornr wants 100 mors policemen.
with full quota of non-commissioned
staff. Let the edge on the pie knife
be keen.
The patrolman who would take no
"Hp" from a colored lawyer waa In
tensely human but indiscreet.
Mrs. Caudle is vindicated by a Kan
sas City Judge, who holds that a wife
has a right to scold.
Disappointed In being paroled, an
other trusty Is missing and blighted
hopes are blasted. .
All aspirants to the shrievalty so far
announced are near the middle of the
alphabet.
The Arbuckles may control sugar
and coffee, but they cannot boost the
"sinker."
Investigation by the Federal grand
Jury mav Increase the list of "miss
ing." '
The county fair at Gresham
serves the patronage of city folk.
de-
Somebody has been giving
the
i wrong dope to John L. Sullivan.
Gleanings of the Day
Those persons who propose that the
Government Itself operate coal mines
in Alaska and those others who would
settle the trust evil by substituting
Government monopoly, would do well
to take heed of the result of govern
ment ownership of coal mines in Ger
many. The government .embarked In
the business in . the expectation that
It could mine and sell cheaper than
private owners, and that It could pre
vent manipulation of price by the
syndicates of private owners. The ex
periment has failed at every point, and
a special committee of the Prussian
Diet has been appointed to find the
cause and the remedy. In the Saar dis
trict the government has a practical
monopoly. Though lower wages are
paid than In the Aachen and Dortmund
districts, and operations are on a scale
large enough to permit many econo
mies, the price of coal is higher than
in all other districts or Germany, and
the output per employe Is only 2J7 tons
aa compared with 260 tons Tor private
employers at Dortmund, and 249.7 tons
for all Germany. This failure is at
tributed by the Prussian legislative
committee to unavoidable political con
siderations In selecting and controlling
the personnel, and to the higher price
which the government,- for some unac
countable reason, is rorced to pay ror
its materials. State owaorsnip nan
railed to keep down chs price not only
In the Saar. but in Silesia, where the
state has Joined private owners in
price regulation, and in Westphalia,
where the state keep clear or tne syn
dicate but Is rorced to suffer a loss In
order to undersell It. ir this is the
result in Germany, where the standard
or publlo service is admittedly much
higher than in the United States, wnai
might be expected If publlo ownership
and operation were adopted here?
The old City ot Aleppo in Syria, with
200,000 to 250,000 people, Is waking
up and moving to introduce modern im
provements. Not only Is It to be on
the Bagdad Railroad, which the Ger
mans are building, but it is to have a
branch line to the port or Alexandretta,
where a pier is to be built The munic
ipal government has prepared plans
ror electric light and street railway
systems, the power to be obtained
rrom Daphna Falls In the Orontes
River, about 60 miles distant. A
French company is carrying out a con
tract for macadamizing 808 miles of
roads with crushed rock and rebuild
ing the bridges in the vicinity of
Aleppo. The roads are now so bad
that freight from Alexandretta to Aleii
po last Winter was 122 a ton. The
French company also has e. contract
ror a macadamized road rrom Rakka
to Bagdad, a distance or 466 miles. All
this publlo work has caused an Influx
of Europeans, a great Increase in rents
and a building boom. A coal deposit
has been found near Aintab and neigh
boring mountains are said to be rich
in copper, iron, silver and gold, which
will be made accessible by the rail
road. When the New York woman suffrage
leaders learned that Mrs. Gus Ruhlln,
of Brooklyn, wire of the ex-prlzefighter,
had opened suffrage headquarters in
a large room adjoining her husband's
saloon, they were horrified. One of
them said It made her faint and sick.
Mrs. Ida Harper declared that she did
not close her eyes' the night after she
heard that the yellow banners of "the
cause" were flaunting In a saloon, its
posters looking down over a bar and
Its oratory flowing in a rear room.
It seemed to her that Susan B. Anthony
and Elizabeth Cady Stanton must rise
from their graves In righteous protest.
"If It la necessary to establish head
quarters In a saloon," she said, "then
it Is rar better that the movement
should stop absolutely."
Farm lands In the South are increas
ing rapidly in value. The rate has been
118 per cent since 1900, or a total
valuation of 15.000.000,000 in round
numbers In 1110 as against some
12.000,000,000 in 1900.
The aggregate gross earnings of the
railroads of the United States decreased
1.18 per cent, net earnings 6.31 per cent
in the year ending June 20.
Chicago adopted the most effective
means of killing the theater ticket
scalpers' graft by staying away. This
Is one Incident of the war on the mid
dleman, who makes his living through
a rake-orr on wnat omera jjrvuuuo
rather than produce anything hlmseir.
Farms in the United States have more
than doubled In value during the 10
years rrom 1900 to 1910, which fact
both explains and Is explained by the
high cost of living. High prices have
Increased the farmer's profits and
thereby Increased the capital value of
his farm. Improvements on the farm
have Increased the oost or production
more than they have Increased the
volume of production. One cause act
ing from one direction and the other
cause from the other direction have
combined to bring about the one re
sult. The value of farm lands and
buildings In 1910 was placed by the
Census Bureau at $24,681,607,000 as
against 111.614.648.000 In 1900. an In
crease of nearly 109 per cent. Part
or this Increase is due to the adoption
of a lower rate of Interest than ror
merly as a basis ror calculating the
capitalized value. There is an Increase
or 77 per cent In the value or larm
buildings, which Is now 86,294.787,000;
68 per cent in value or Implements and
J machinery, from 8749.776.000 to 11,262.-
022,000; 80 per cent In expenditure for
labor, rrom 8357.892,000 to J645.612.000.
Expenditures for fertilization Increased
from 150,000,000 a year to' 1115,000,000.
Vast sums have been spent In improv
ing worthless land Irrigating arid
land, draining swamp land, tiling wet
land, clearing away stones and stumps,
breaking up prairies and building
fences. A. change which is largely the
result of the development or the fer
tility of land by these methods and by
fertilizing Is a great Increase in the
number of small farms which is ex
pected to continue and to Increase the
value of farm land still further. There
was an Increase of 12 per cent In the
number or farmi under 20 acres, nearly
25 per cent In number or farmi be
tween 20 and 175 acres, while farms
of 500 to 1000 acres Increased only 2
per cent, and those of 1000 acres and
over less than 1 per cent.
A glassblower In New Jersey has
produced a perfect bottle so small that
a fly cannot crawl Into It with folded
wings.
HIGHWAYS A5D FAIR BOLDIXGS
nooalna of Exhibit Declared aa Im
portant a Automobile Roadn.
SALEM. Or.. Sept. 19. (To the Edi
tor.) I was at the State Fair last week
when I noticed by the papers that the
Governor Intended calling an extra ses
sion of the Legislature to pass good
roads legislation. I came to the fair
to see the people and the exhibits.
Owing to the heavy rains and very In
adequate buildings the people who pat
ronized this excellent state Institution
were compelled to stand around like
ducks, or go home or seek shelter In
the over-crowde old shacks called the
pavilion, or, like myself, ajourt the com
pany of some of the bkaoded livestock.
Between admiring the beautiful lines
or a blooded Clyde and digesting the
story or how our brave and accom
modating Governor would call an extra
session provided the Legislature would
waive pay, pay their own carfare,
clerks, etc., and then do his bidding,
my mind sought a rew bypaths, and I
called to mind the fact that this same
Legislature at Its last session appro
priated enough to build a first-class
flreproor pavilion, large enough to
house and protect the fine exhibits and
for the people when the weather was
bad. I felt that Oregon Is of sufficient
Importance in an agricultural way to
expend 850.000 on a good rair building
before It starts In to spend 150,000,000
on good roads ror the automobile
cranks and the agents ror Eastern road
machinery companies.
ir our Governor Is so sure -he Is
right and that the people approve of
his policy of allowing flOO.OOO to buy
land rrom himself and a rew rriends near
the Statehouse, and that they disap
prove or decent buildings for their rair,
why does he try to make the members
promise in advance that they will not
even vote on this veto ot the building
ror the State Fair? If he is as brave
aa he granted us to think he was when
Lhe essayed the role of the country Con
stable in arresting one oi uw pi io..
pets while the aforesaid pet was asleep,
why doesn't he take a chance on the
winflnm of this veto? In truth, he is
as brave, probably. In one case as in
the other. He didn't announce me
presence or his excellency to the pris
oner until that gentleman was covered
by the rifles or several men, and he
will not call the session until he Is
certain his vetoes will not be touched.
Then they will be- sare, as no later
Legislature can molest.
And. bv the way. the last session
passed several road bills. Both Houses
gave a lot or time to their considera
tion. People from various organiza
tions attended the committee meetings.
tha Gran ire was well represented ana
finally bills were passed which were
generally satisfactory to all except a
few persons In Portland,- and at their
request the bills were vetoed. Then,
If my memory is not bad, these same
patriots who had thus defeated bills
which had been well considered and
-j v,i.(t. oi-er-willlne and too-
pliant Governor to appoint them and
some others to draft new bills. This
special session is to be called now to
ratify these bills under the promise to
do nothing else.
Has It come to pass that Oregon is
governed by the Portland Auto Club
and a few other well-dressed idlers?
Are the 90 Representatives of all of
the people from each county in the
state to be made the bound slaves of
a few gasoline-burning speed maniacs?
Are our farmers and livestock men to
be denied a decent place to house their
annual exhibits and then have their
taxes used to construct Bpeedways tor
racing maniacs? What benefit would
an Interstate road be to the rarmers
living along It? A farmer would as
quickly think of driving his farm team
along a railroad track before a rast
mall train as to venture on one or
these auto racetracks.
For my part, I would like the fair
taken care of so that I may not be re
quired to rorce my society onto some
other man's stallion when It rains, and
I would also like to see a number or
other vetoes Inquired Into. Including
the good roads bills. If something bet
. i- , hiA. nil well and good, but
I don't want all the money spent at the
behest and under the direction or a rew
machinery agents and auto.
Kins; George Sever Forg-eta.
Detroit Free Press.
Ti-... nr foreets his friends.
When he made his last visit to the
Duchy of Cornwall, before saying au
revoir he remembered a hostler named
John Hobbs. who acted as one ot his
grooms when in Malta. Great, there
fore, was Hobbs' surprise when he re
ceived a telegram from Sir William
Carrlngton: "The Prince of Wales has
-....I wtr statlonmaster to ad
mit you to the Btatlon tomorrow at
11:15." The morrow came, and wltn it
John Hobbs, and when tne ntue mau
.T-f.i icinar Georite held out his
1 said: "Hello. Hobbs! How
t" And for a rew minutes
Hobbs round himself in the midst of a
distinguished company, conversing with
one who Is now Kli.g of England.
Judge Llndaey and HI Drinks.
Denver Times.
Judge Ben B. Lindsey, the reformer
ot Denver, was lunching one day it
was very warm when a politician
paused beside the table.
"Judge," said the politician, "I see
you're drinkin' hot cawfee. That's a
heatln' drink."
"Yes?" said Judge Lindsey.
"Oh yes. In this weather you want
Iced drinks. Judge sharp. Iced drinks.
Did you ever try gin and ginger aler
"No." said the Judge, smiling, "but
I've tried several fellows who have."
Mr. E. H. Harrlman Abhor Waste.
Indianapolis News.
Mrs. Ev H. Harriman is said to in
sist that "left-overs" be made use of
Both In food and wearing apparel.
She may, no doubt, think that he ex
ample she sets or not allowing any
waste Is worth as much In the general
plan ot things as the actual value ot
things saved. She Is said to have al
ways saved rrom her housekeeping al
lowance and to have administered her
husband's property with the same rru
gal care. .
Moral
Influence and the Public.
Washington Star.
"Why did you keep creating new
supplies of stock in your big corpora
tion?" asked the modest trader.
"I wanted to pass it around," replied
Mr. Dustln Stax. "I want as much or
the public In on the enterprise as pos
sible Every stockholder who gets an
occasional dividend is absolutely con
vinced that ours is one or the good
trusts."
New Kind of Jlnrlklaha.
Chicago Record-Herald.
A new kind or Jlnrikisha is being
used by the Chinese of the Malay
states. It is one-wheeled, being built
k. mnnncvde nrinciDle, and is said
to be a great Improvement upon the
old vehicle.
Perilous Duty for Physician.
Washlneton Star.
"Mv nosltlon." remarked the eminent
physician, "is one requiring tne great
est tact and diplomacy."
tx7v,o ia the trouble?"
"I feel conscientiously obliged to
tell several of my most wealthy and
Influential patients tnat iney overenu
Mlxed Market In New York.
v York Morning Telegraph.
By a Juxtaposition of signs a Sixth
avenue dujiuius B,cci
"Chiropody and home-made pies.;
And a little lower down with:
"Manicuring and poached eggs."
CHILDREN HEED MORAL LESSONS
Writer Would nave Lean Prudiahnea
In Instruction, of Young.
OREGON CITY. Sept, 19. (To the
Editor.) Did you ever read the writing
on the wall? I mean the outside back
walls or our public schoolhouses? If
not, do so, and did you ever have a
heart to heart talk with a public
school teacher one who would give
you her confidence? If not. and you
ever get the opportunity do so. Ask
him. or her as the case may be. about
that horrible word or words that oc
casionally defile the blackboard after
school is dismissed, to be discovered
next morning. Of course the teacher
doesn't see it, or it unable to avoid
it. she assumes an ignorance not
shared i by any single tot in her clasa
boy or girl.
If you are not a parent ask on
who is. or that obscene expression re
erardins: which little Johnny, or little
sis Inquired the meaning, (ir bub and
sis never asked any such question it's
probably because they already know).
Ask them where the child Just heard
It. The answer is, at school, or on the
playground, perhaps on their own door
steps, while playing with other chil
dren. Then ask yourself where the
original child Just got its knowledge.
If you go to church sometimes, look
Inside the back covers of the .Bible,
hymnal or prayer-book: occasioa.ll dis
coveries are quite possible.
And now, to emulate Mr. Euclid
Does it not seem as it the real first
cause could be round in the homel
Your home, and my home, as well at
the other fellow's? Morality may b
a matter of geography, but immorality
surely Isn't. Not in all homes will
you find the germ or sex-immorality,
hut In every home you'll find the germ
of some one or another infraction ol
the moral code.
Little children at play pool theli
knowledge good and bad; and thia
moral vaccination "takes" or doesn't
"take," according to the child's en
vironment. With youth and ado
lescence comes the actual test, and
we fall or resist according as we have
been predisposed. Most of us who go
wrong are careful. Some few of ui
are not, and consequently help make
statistics. It is possible for a boy or
girl of ability to split the affection they
have for their wedded mate, with the
affinity or the hour; In which they are
rar more rortunate than their unmar
ried sister whose frailty is known and
read or all men. Particularly is It
read.
The seed Is sown in tne home, and
not necessarily a slum home at that,
cultivated and spread in the play hour,
and reaped In the divorce court If the
sinner is "respectable." and In the
tenderloin If she's not. The harvester
may be a married man, as some assert!
or a macque, a playmate, fellow-student,
or even the preacher himself.
But If it had not been for the sowing,
and the cultivation, the harvester would
get mighty little for his pains. It
seems to me that there is too little at
tention given to the cause, and far too
much to the effect. More common sense,
and less prudlshness In the handling
of little children, will largely do away
with the necessity for rescue homes.
R. V. D. JOHNSTON
Half a Century Ago
From tha Oresonlan, Sept. 21, 1861.
Mr. Love Is about to ereot a flour
ing -mill at Vancouver.
Lieutenant-Colonel Babbitt has been
ordered to San Franoisco to act there
as chief quartermaster of the depart
ment. It is said that quite a number of the
overland emigrants this year will go
into Washington Territory.
A good many miners came down last
night to spend the Winter In the val
ley. They report everything right
above.
The .Mountaineer of Wednesday says
that some 120 wagons have reached
the settlements. The last arrival re
ports a fight with the Indians, In which
the latter were severely whipped and
which will teach them not to trouble
emigrant trains In future.
A. J. Lawrence,- Esq., who was sent
over to Olympla from Vancouver arter
the seat or government, has returned
without it, but brought two papers, one
rrom the acting Governor and the other
rrom the Chief Justice, which the Van
couver editor proposes to give next
week with appropriate remarks.
United States Treasury notes have
been received at San Francisco. Judge
McAllister was paid his salary with
them. It Is supposed that all the Fed
eral officers will "be thus paid. These
notes have two years to run and are
received ror duties. They will make
good exchange to send to the states.
Country Town Sayings by Ed Howe
(Copyright, 1911, by George Matthew Adami)
a men whn iilvavs cots whipped.
soon quits fighting, and becomes an ad
vocate of peace.
Among the men, there Is usually a
lot or smoke, where women are con-"
cerned, but very little fire.
rh tflenhone erlrls have more pati
ence than any other class of women In
the world; in case I marry again, I
intend to marry a telephone girl.
& man can keen a secret all right.
If It Is a mean story on himself.
A number of voung men will shortly
give an amateur minstrel performance;
and I Know wnai is sums
the night of the show; people will
laugh themselves to death.
A bold woman may annoy a man for
a time, but finally she gets the worst
of It.
When I hear people talking in Ger
man, It always seems wonderful to me
that they can understand each other.
People generally would be more
truthful were It not for their unoon
trollable desire to talk.
When your wife buys a new hat,
how much attention does she pay to
your taste?
The back end of a grocery store
usually looks as bad as a kitchen.
Machine to Pnate Paper Label.
Indianapolis News.
A machine hag been Invented to
paste paper labels on bottles. It Is
driven by an electric motor.
IRRELEVANT RHYMES.
The Social Order must be changed
When "thinkers' " livers get deranged.
Government by what name you will.
The stronger rule the weaker still.
Whether one strive for fame or pelf.
The meed'B but the essay Itself.
Said Truth, "Don't be inquisitive;
Best your illusions keep and live!"
When rogue meets rogue each knows
the other.
And needs no token for a brother.
No tiny Insect but does deem
Itseir creation's end supreme.
Better be handsome than be wise.
Where few have minds and all have
eyes.
The white hand to the hand or grime
Says. "Idleness, my rrlend, is crime."
Harry Murphy.