Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, November 21, 1908, Image 8

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Morning Oregonian., November 21, 1908, Page 8, Image 8

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Newspaper Page TextTHE 3I0RXIXG- OREGOXIAX. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1903. PORTLAND. OREGON. Entered at Portland. Oregon. PostoSloa as Second-Claaa Matter. subscription Kates InTsxUbly In Avanew ' (Br Hall.) Tally. Sunday Included, one year. Dai.r. Sunday IncKded. an mow". Dn.ly. fcuoday Included, threa muntna.. Dally, atitlar Included, one roonin Daily. without Sunday, one year Li-ilv. wltnoul Sunday, ala montna. ... a.; Dal.y. wi'.nout SnJr. tliree m )ntn-- - Dt:y. almout Sunday, one montn Weekly, out year 2 5(J Sunday, one year ....... Sunday and Weekly, one year. ... By Cimer.) Piil'y. Sunday Included, ona year...... Dally. Sunday lociuaeu. ona montn 1 to Kemit Send postofflce nioney order. pr., order or personal chackoa your local bank t-tampa. coin or currency ir at tne aeoder'a rlk. Give postofflce ad oreaa In full, including county and atata. Poataca Htee 10 to 14 pagea. 1 cent; IS to :."! pTxea. 'i cent.: 0 to 44 pages. cent.. 46 so pagea. 4 cents. Voraucn poataga doubla rale. Eastern Uuslnna Office Tha 8. C. Beca wltn Special A cy -Sea- Vork. rooma 4 oo Trlcune building. Ctuco. rooms 01O-51J . Tribune bullwinB- ruRTUN'D. ATIRDAV. NOT. IT IS A LOCAL O.IEST10N. The "hearings" on the tariff are practicallv useless. They shed no light on the subject. Only those things that were well known before are developed. Everybody concedes that the tariff ought to be revised, but everybody wants "protection" for himself, or for the Industry which he pursues. ThLs fact has no relation to political parties. It is not possible to divide political parties on the tariff. Tour Democrat, in the wool or sugar or lumber district, in the coal or iron or cotton manufacture district. Is Just as anxious for protection as the Repub lican All want protection for them s.lves, but think free trade would be .xcellent for others. - Districts that send Democrats to Congress by enormous majorities practically by unanimous vote are Insistent on con tinuance of protection for their own specialties. Their members In Con gress will combine for support of the general system of protection, in order to a-"ure continuation of protection for the products of their own districts. Parties, therefore, do not divide on the tariff. Where, therefore. Is their main line of division? It is on the preat constilutional questions which have racked the country from the be ginning of lis history; the fermenta tion of which produced the Civil War. Hut they are gradually fading out. Still, they were the controlling forces In the recent political content. If not. how are you to account for the still Solid South? But it is passing away. Everything passes away except human interest in the industrial life of the present lime. This is continually changing, too. Some districts that now are for protection will change to free trade, oihers that now are for free trade will change to protection, as development of various Interests within their bor ders may point the way or demand. Democrats In Oregon have become Republicans, because they want to continue protection of their Interest in wool, or. in certain situations, of lumber. This, doubtless, Is a very mer cenary and unworthy motive. But was it not the mercenary motive of our slave states their devotion to their Industrial and economic system that led them to set up their own svstem and government, and to fight for It with the ferocity of a mad-dog? Yet now the South, reduced to reason. Is the steadiest frur.-e in our country. Adjusting itself to new conditions. It Ifi becoming an advocate of protection, 'h".i t t Hve-iy e" .oted, passionately, - i" Ir-e t -Hil. s-ie - .r: "f ihe United States, al- - t:-s:ri'i. has some special interest for which It desires protec tion. Combination of 'these Interests is now more probable, even more cer tain. thin ever before. Consolidation of the Union has removed all thought, all possibility, of sectional division on Industriiil and fiscal questions. Local sentiment tends to combination of all interests for mutual advantage, in stead of to hostility of one section of the country against another, to acquire the advantage by force. Therefore, the tariff, though a National question, h is. more than "ever, become a local question. For the parties to fight over It. in National platforms, has be come nseless and absurd. Bryan preaches for free trade, or tariff re duction: and the states that give him his electoral votes are among those most devoted to the policy of protec tion. There will he some tariff changes, but nope of significance. The general policy of protection will be main tained. Yet the theoretical and aca demical argument against It will re main as strong as ever. It Is an argu ment which, however, never will move those who look at the subject from their own practical view of self-Interest. Everybody hn produces any thing, whether in Louisiana, the Caro lina., Pennsylvania. Maine or Oregon, will vote for protection for It, against all sentimental Ideas or argument to the contrary. Against any attack ther-e protectionists will always combine to gether whether they call themselves Republicans or Democrats, Socialists or Prohibitionists. Trinitarians or Uni tarians. Even Swift's Big-endians or Little-endians, irreconcilable on the question whether the egg should be broken at one end or the other, will harmonize" on protection of their mu tual Interests, by he tariff. THE LAW-ABiniNG TTHl'SKTH. Andrew Kuruseth. the nv"st danger ous of the political Jutvsmiths who have hampered the cause of labor on the Pacific Coast, has been taking a prominent part In the American Federation of I-abor meeting at Den ver. lr will surprise no one who has followed the career of this "friend" of labor to tind him denouncing the courts, the Judges and all other forms of organized tiociety which of course he Is always "agin." A Denver ac count of the proceedings says that "Mj. Kuruseth said the union man was a law-abiding citi7.cn, and would not tolerate the breaking of the law on the part of the judiciary." So far as a large part of the union men are concerned. Mr. Kuruseth Is right in regard to their being law-abiding. The better element of labor does not approve of Mr. Kuruseth and his methods, and has become weary of his anarchistic hurangues against law and order. Some of Mr. Furuseth's "law-abid- ii.g" followers are even now in trouble In this city, for breaking the law by inducing a number of seamen t t desert from the schooner W. II. Talbot, now in this port. In the opinion of Mr. Kuruseth. the threatened arrest of his .followers will be another outrage and abridgment of utie rights of labor. Mr. Kuruseth is the great friend of labor, who visited both Salem ana Olympla, two years ago, and used I what Influence he could command to I secure repeal of the anti-crimping law in order mat nis -uw-aumuu friends could steal sailors with impu nity, and yet be immune from prose cution. Fortunately for the good name of the port Kuruseth was turned down hard, and the fear of arrest or "in junction" has since produced fairly good bahavlor on the part of the men who aneexe when Andrew takes snuff. Some day, when respectable organized labor becomes tired of bearing such a burden as Furuseth and the law breaking hoodlums of the Coast Sea man's Union, they will be deprived of the right to appear in the councils of,, labor, and .misrepresent it before the people. It is needless to state that all classes of society will be gainer by such a che"- CONTRAST, NOT PARALLEL. Two men. of Multnomah County, elected in 1894. under promise to vote for Senator Dolph, refused to vote for him. Dolph was the choice of his party. He was a man of National r " r.rvhnHr knew why these two. with certain other members of the Legislature, refused to vote for him. They "set their particular above the general weal." They disappointed the intent and purpose of the state. The Oregonian spoke with severity of the conduct of these members. They de served it. But opponents of Dolph. now supporting Chamberlain, who wanted a weak man and their own man in .the Senate, approved them. But none of the Republicans, who. It Is now said, are pledged to Cham berlain, are pledged to him in fact. Such pledge as is alleged to have been made was not to Chamberlain. These men supposed they were promising to vote for a member of their own party. They never intended anything -else; nor did the members of their own party who voted for them expect any thing else. The members who refused to vote for Dolph still voted for a man of their own party. Open and Justly liable as they were to criticism, still their action did not go to the extent of party betrayal. They didn't elect a man of the opposite party. But what's the use of multiplying words about the present Juggle? Everybody understands it; everybody sees through the whole scheme of In direction and deception. The mass of Republican voters who joined in sev eral counties in election of Statement One candidates never expected nor in tended that the members should vote for a Democratic Senator. The great Republican majority of Oregon has no more Intended nor desired that Cham berlain should be Senator than that Bryan should be President. PORTLAND NEAR TICK HEAD. The October bulletin of the De partment of Commerce and Labor. Ehowing the exports of domestic prod ucts for the month of October and for the ten months ending October 31. presents some very interesting figures which account In a considerable de gree for the rapid return of prosper ity. The value of the October domes tic exports, which Include bread-stuffs, meat and dairy products, food animals, cotton and mineral oils, was J101.322.246, compared with $!9. 977.210 for the isame month last year. For the ten months, the exports of these products have reached the enormous figure of t699.7S4.671, an amount that has been exceeded but once since records of the business were kept, and even in that record breaking year of 1907 the amount was hut J18.000.000 In excess of the same period this year. The report is of special Interest to Portland, for it shows that practically one-seventh of all the wheat shipped from American ports was cleared from this city. No otfrr port in the coun try made such heavy proportionate gains over last season as have been made by Portland. In October ship ments, this city advanced from sixth place a year ago to second place this year. New Tork leading, with Phila delphia third. Baltimore fourth and Puget Sound fifth. For the ten months, Portland is also in second place, with shipments of 11.387,606 bushels compared with 5,380,050 for the same period In 1907. New York leads for the ten months, with 15,524, 695 bushels, and Puget Sound by a scant margin beats Philadelphia for third plane. In the total value of all breadstuffs, Portland is In fourth place. but shows a greater proportionate gain than any of the other ports. An interesting feature of the report is the, figures showing the heavy de cline in flour shipments and increase in wheat shipments for the ten months. Wheat shipments are 80.000.000 bush els compared with 68.000.000 bushels for the corresponding ten months last year. Klour shipments are 2.000.000 barrels less than last year. With flour Included on a wheat basis, the total shipments for the ten months were 127,167.395 bushels compared with 114,706,057 bushels Inst year. THE NEEDFUL PARTY. In a thoughtful editorial article the New York Tribune has clearly stated the reasons why Mr. Bryan was de feated and estimated the value of a frankly radical party. The Tribune expresses in other words What The Oregonian has said more than once that the trouble with Bryanism 1s its lack of candid purpose. It is neither fish nor flesh, neither conservative nor radical. . The much-defeated leader tried In the late campaign to pose, as an adherent of old economic Ideas, while at the same time he fought for radical innovations upon them. Of course he was unconscious of this contradiction, but the people felt it clearly enough. One of the best results that could flow from Mr. Bryan's defeat would be the virtual dissolution of his hetero geneous and Ineffective party which, as It exists, has no purpose and can never attain one. has no power and does not deserve any. The vanguard of the Democrats, marching boldly Into the fleid. would attract multitudes of unflinching radicals. The rear guard might profitably commit suicide. The new party, active, purposeful, dar ing, might criticise the Republicans to excellent purpose and with a sin cerity which the current opposition sadly lacks. Such a party would pre vent any relapse into Bourbonsim. and even if.it did not come Into power for many years It would hold the dom inant party strictly to its duties. What we need more than anything else in our politics Is a virile and courageous party of ideas and experiment to offset the party of conservatism. Both are needed to keep public life wholesome, and when either Is lacking the country suffers. Considerable complaint is being made by masters and pilots of ocean steamers coming to Portland regard ing lack of proper lights along the river channel, la the old days, whea the light and buoy problem was much more difficult than now, the old steamer Shubrick, slow and difficult to" handle, covered the district from Alas ka to Coos Bay in a manner quite sat isfactory to navigators who made use of the channels that were buoyed and lighted. Since then the district has been provided with three tenders, and better channels have made it much easier to keep the service in good shape. With deep-draft ships such as are now coming to the port at all hours of the night, the best possible light and buoy service should be sup plied, and there is no apparent reason why it is not in evidence. RIVER AND RAIL POLICY. I The Oregonian's policy regarding j Improvement of the Columbia River I is as old and as thoroughly established i as The Oregonian itself. This paper ! was urging improvement of the Co ! lumbla River fifty-six years ago. when j St. Helens Bar was such a troublesome 'barrier to our commerce that for a Wime most of the vessels entering the , Columbia .River refused to ascend the i river above St. Helens. It was urging Columbia River improvement half a dozen years later, when the barken ; tine Jane A. Kalkenberg broke all records by reaching Portland with an enormous cargo of 530 tons." It was advocating further improvements along in the "seventies," when the foreign shipowners reduced from 20 shillings per ton to 10 shillings the differential against this port in favor of San Francisco. It was still de manding river improvements when nearly one-half of the wheat of the Inland Empire that went foreign, had to be lightered to Astoria at an ex pense t)f from $1.50 to $2 per ton, which, added to the 10 shillings differ ential, placed the Inland Empire farmer at a disadvantage of about $4 per ton as compared with his Cali fornia competitor. In its advocacy of river improve ments. The Oregonian was at all times supported and encouraged by the peo ple of Portland, -by C. H. Lewis, Ladd, Reed. Corbctt, Eailing and other fa mous builders who laid well the foun dation for Portland's present great ness. Later, when this Improvement began showing results and It was pos sible for medium-sized carriers to reach Portland without lightering, de mand was made for upper river im provements, rail rates at that time being more thi.ii double those now in force. The Cascade Locks Is an im portant and useful improvement, which The Oregonian supported: and yet It was notorious that this work held back for years the more impor tant work on the bar and lower river. Before these locks were completed, the Increasing size of vessels which could reach rival ports, but-could not safely enter the Columbia River, com pelled The Oregonian and the people of Portland to center their efforts at the entrance of the Columbia, and as a result the jetty was built. The Oregonian. without regard to the criticism of biased rainbow chasers, proposes to continue Its old policy regarding river Improvements. That policy always has demanded and always will demand that precedence in these improvements be given the Co lumbia bar. Fifty feet of water from Astoria to Portland, and an unob structed river through to Lewlston will be of no avail, if large carriers can not enter the river. Next in impor tance Is a deep channel from Portland to Astoria, for no, other carrier in existence can move freight over that hundred-mile stretch of water at as low a cost as It is moved in the large ocean freighters. Having thus made it possible for the products of the In land Empire to pass on to the high seas at a minimum cost, it will be tne duty of Portland to center her ener gies on improvement of the upper river, although the benefits resulting from upper river improvement can never equal those which have followed and will continue to follow improve ment of the channel from Portland to the sea. The Port of Portland is spending about $200,000 per year in dredging a channel between Portland and the sea. The money for this work is raised -by taxing the people of Port land and of a small strip of Multno mah County outside the city limits. The work has been so successful that the average carrying capacity of ves sels now coming to Portland is more than 2000 tons greater than it was be fore the improvement began. Big car goes mean eheajp freights, and the producers throughout- the Columbia Basin have profited by the deepening of the channel that was accomplished with Portland money. But, while Portland has for many years been spending money to improve a channel through which floats the products of that vast territory known as the In land Empire, there has been no assist ance from other parts of the state, and only a trifling amount from the Government. ' It was perhaps unjust that Portland should carry this burden alone, but It was necessary that somebody should carry it, and the responsibility was assumed by the Portland taxpayers. The difficulty in securing sufficient money from year to year to make the work of a permanent nature has re sulted In much dredging having to be done over and over again year after vyoar. Permanent revetments or bulk heads will eventually be necofesary in order to escape this annual expense. There was general expectation that these permanent Improvements would be provided for In the next river and harbor bill. We find, however, in the Chief Engineer's recommendations for the Columbia River appropriation, that it is "deemed inadvisable" to ask for any appropriation for the needed permanent improvements "while ex pensive work Is In progress at the mouth of the Columbia and at Celilo." There Is no questioning the imme diate necessity for the -$450,000 asked for the mouth of the Columbia, and there is not a taxpayer in Portland who would protest against the $1,000, 000 for the Celilo Canal, if the vastly more important work between Port land and the sea Were taken up. As matters now stand. Portland taxpay ers must continue to put up money to maintain a channel for the products of the entire Columbia Basin, because so much of the Government money is required for the Celilo Canal. This is not a good business policy either for Portland or for the Inland Empire. That vast region lying east of the Cascade Mountains is as much inter ested in cheap ocean freights as is Portland, and the canal even when completed will be useless if we fail to keep the channel from Portland to the sea deepened to meet the requirements of shipping In which the average size of the vessels is steadily increasing. The completion of '.he North-Bank road gives the products of the Inland Empire access to tidewater markets over a water-level line on both sides of the Columbia. If these roads charge excessive or unreasonable rates the offense is easily proven and the remedy not difficult to apply. This in sures a good service to and from the territory lying east of the Cascade Mountains; but until the work of im proving the Columbia River is com pleted, so that the largest freighters afloat can enter it in safety, the Co lumbia River will be handicapped. The question of distributive rates out of Portland has very little in com mon with this matter. Whether these rates are reasonable or umreasonable can never be determined by operating, at a loss, a portage railroad and a steamboat line established by popular subscriptions, but in, no way attractive as a business proposition for any one well versed in transportation. It Is well for people who have the inter ests of the city and state at heart to view these matters from a strictly busfness standpoint and not be misled by the blind, unreasoning prejudice which has brought on the present squabble that is about to deprive Port land of trade to which she is legiti mately entitled and which can be done at Portland with more advantage to the country than at any other point. Weird, ancient and strictly Oriental was the barbarous exhibition of for mal etiquette which surrounded the rulers of China as, clothed in their official robes, they awaited the coming of death. The pagan scenes depicted in the cable accounts of the last hours of Tsi An and the Emperor seem strange and unreal In these days of twentieth-century civilization; but one chord was struck in the story rom Pekin which appeared in yesterday's Oregonian that shows that human na ture is still the same, no matter where we find it. That chord was sounded In the paragraph which said that "Pu Yi,' the baby Emperor, has been taken from his family and is cared for within the palace precincts. He is popularly reported crying day and night for his old nurse." And that cry of poor little Pu Yi, which is the same in all languages and among all peoples, brings with it all of the woo that is suffered by any 3-year-old de prived of his nurse, guardian or par ent, whether the separation takes place in hovel or palace. Under the skin and beneath the shadow of cen turies of tradition the Chinese are tol erably human, after all. "Railroad regulation run riot" would seem to fit the case of the New York Commission ruling which prohibits the railroads from running -demonstration trains in the interest of the farmers of the state. The practice Is the same as that so successfully conducted by the O. R. & N. Co. and the Southern Pa cific in the Pacific Northwest, and the resultant benefits are of great value to the farmers, and of course incidental ly to all others who share in the farm er's prosperity. The Erie Railroad, which Mr. Harriman isslowly awaken ing from Its slumber, had planned to run a special train through the central and southern part of New York, carry ing w ith it a corps of instructors from the Cornell Agricultural College. The Public Utilities Commission, however, decided that this would be violation of the law which prohibits Issuance of passes, and the traXn has accordingly been canceled. There is much idiocy displayed by some of the Western Railroad Commissions in their ralli road regulation orders, bat none of them have yet reached the degree at tained by the New York Commission. A Chinese loan of $10,000,000 was heavily oversubscribed in London Thursday, and the same day a $20, 000,000 subscription to Philippine Railway Company bonds was closed In London and Amsterdam, at 4 per cent. This loan also was heavily oversub scribed. These transactions prove quite conclusively that there Is plenty of money available for Investment whenever foreigners are satisfied that they will be protected. The swing of the big stick, in which good and bad alike suffered last year, has for a time frightened foreign capital away from American investments, but confidence is gradually being restored and it will be but a short time before some of this cheap money will again be flowing in this direction. The opportunities for capital are better in America than anywhere else. This fact has been recognized in they past, and it will again be recognized In the near future. In 1905 the people of the United States med more than 3.000,000 tons of paper in the form of magazines, newspapers, books, boxes and other products of the paper mills. This is at the rate of 10,000 tons every working day. Farmers of the great corn belt are watching anxiously the efforts of Government chemists who are work ing on the problem of making paper from corn stalks. The success of this experiment would add several million dollars a year to the income of the farmers of the great corn states, espe cially of Kansas, Missouri, and Okla homa, where nearly 20,000,000 acres of corn are now ready for gathering. - "If Chamberlain now should be de feated, let the Republican party be as sured there will be something doing hereafter." So a Statement One organ. Why, certainly. But what can you do more than you are doing now, under Statement One? You are getting the whole business. Do you expect more than the whole? ' It ought not to disgrace a legislator to do at Salem what the state's and the Nation's best interests at Wash ington need, and there should be no higher duty than honorably to serve those Interests in the way . every true Republican knows ought to be done. Persons who growl af the overdue wet, weather do not know that farm ers have needed every raindrop to soften the hard ground for their plows; also that for five month3. there was steady dry weather, except for a shower or two. The Southern Pacific called the Mayor's and the Council's bluff on Fourth street. The city officials would better have stayed out, hey? They say that the promoters of a new city tract on the Peninsula will immortalize one of its streets by call ing it Waymire Lane.- The Yamhill County apple show will be held at McMinnville Friday and Saturday of next week. "Yamhill agin the world." There are at least 40 streets in East Portland that could form improve ment clubs to ask for as many river bridges. Every drop of rain brings a unit of heat from the south. That's why we and the grass are so comfortable. The politicians 'still have something left; they can organize the Legislature. SENATORIAL PLEDGE IS VOID Learlalaror Cannot Thai IJtveat Himielt of Rl Proper Function. PORTLAND, Nov. 20. (To the Editor.) I have been requested to give my opinion as to the applicability to and the effect of the decision of the Supreme Court of North Dakota upon the so-called State ment No. 1 contained in our primary elec tion law. I will comply briefly with the request. Assuming! that the North Da kota decision is FMod law. which seems! to be generally conceded.. It must De ad mitted, for that is the substance and ef fect of the decision, that an act of legis lation which exacts from a candidate for the Legislature a pledge that he will vote in a particular way in the election of a Senator in Congress is unconstitutional and void, and If the law is void it fol lows as a matter of course that the pledge imposed upon the candidate by such law is also void. It is argued that the North Dakota decision does not apply to Ore gon because here the candidate has an .option to take or not to take the pledge; but the objection does not touch the question Involved. The precise question is, w:hat is the legal effect of the pledge after it is taken? Is the pledge then legally binding or not? If the pledge ex acted by the Legislature is void, why Is not a pledge voluntarily taken by the candidate void? Both, if valid, produce precisely the same results; both equally deprive the member of the Legislature of his right to exercise his judgment in the election of Senator. A candidate elected to the Legislature tied hand and foot by an ante-election promise that he will vote in a particular way in the election of Senator is nothing more nor less than an automaton as to such election, and a wooden man with machinery in him compelling him to vote in a particular way would fill the bill. When the voters of a county say to a candidate for the Legislature, we will not vote for you unless you take Statement No. 1, they exact a pledge which Is as obnoxious to the law as a similar pledge would be exacted by the Legislature. I hold, with due deferene to the opin ion of others, that a candidate for the Legislature has no legal right to make a pledge before his election that he will vote for any particular man for United States Senator, or in any particular way upon that subject, because the Consti tution of the United States providing for the election of Senators In Congress in vests him with a quasi-judicial function of w hich he cannot divest himself by .an ante-electlon pledge, any more than a candidate for the Supreme Court can di vest himself of his judicial functions by promising if he Is elected to decide some case of public importance in a particular way. I venture to say that every Republican member of the Legislature, if he was free to exercise his judgment, would vote to elect a Republican to the United States Senate; yet he is not free with Statement No. 1, but goes into the Legislature man acled and bound to vote contrary to his own political principles for a Democrat. The Constitution of the United States provides that the Senate "shall be com posed of two Senators chosen by the LeKlNlatare thereof." In defining the word "choose,'" the Century Dictionary says that it "always represents an act of the will. It is the taking of one or some where all are not wanted or cannot be had." Bo the members of the Legis lature "choose" a Senator when they go into the Legislature bound hand and foot and can do nothing but ratify the choice of a Senator made by persons outside of the legislature? I do not question the right of the peo ple to express at the polls their prefer ence for a United States Senatort nor do I question the right of a member of the Legislature to act in accordance with this expressed preference, if it meets with hie Judgment; but under no circumstances can such expressed preference be other wise than advisory. The point I make is thet an ante-election pledge made by a candidate for the Legislature to vote in a particular way in the election of Senator is unconstitutional and void, because it divests him of a power ex pressly conferred, upon him by the Constitution of the United States,j which cannot be delegated or exer cised by any other person or persons. One word as to the policy of the primary election law providing for these pledges: In these days, when can didates for office nominate them selves and it Is just as easy for the big gest loafer as it is for the best man in the community to become a candi date in the primary election, and when nobody can tell in the scramble for office who will come out on top, these pledges are fraught with danger. To take them is to take a leap into the dark. They ought to be abolished. GEORGE H. WILLIAMS. NEW YORK'S TJ. S. SENATORS Of the Lnat 13, No Leaa Than 10 Have Been Republicans, Since 1861. Rochester (N. Y.) Post-Express. The following table shows the Senators from New York State since, the inaugu ration of the first Republican President: Senators. Elected. To succeed. Ira Harris alSiU Seward Edwin L. Morgan 3 S:t King Roscoe Conkling 3sn7 Harr'a Reuben E. Fenton IS'ill Morgan Roscoe Conkling. , Himself Francis Kernan Fenton Roscoe Conkling IHGfl Himself Thomas C. Hlatt 1SS1 Kernan Warner Miller 1SS1 Piatt E. G. 1-ar.man 1SS1 Conkling William it. Evarts lR Lapham rrank Hlseock 1"7 Miller David B. Hill Jsftl Evarta Edward Murphy, Jr 1SH3 Hiscock Thomas C. Piatt 1H9T Hill Chauncey M. Depew: lst9 Murphy Thomas C. Piatt 103 Himself Chauncey M. Depew 1905 Himself Of these 13 Senators no less than ten were Republicans, the only Democrats that have been in the Senate of the United States from New York in nearly half a century being Kernan, Hill and Murphy. Neither was re-elected. Mr. Conkling and Mr. Piatt were the only Senators elected three times; Depew has been elected twice; no other Senator more than once. Of the 13 Senators nearly half are still living Piatt, Miller, Hiscock. Hill, Murphy and Depew. A FEW SENTENTIOUS RE-MARKS. v Calling a man a four-flusher la far easier than making up your mind to call a man when you think he's four-flushing. Detroit Frae Presa. "Beware when God lets loose a thinker." says Emerson. Beware, also, when he lets loose' a talker who doesn't think. Baltimore Sun. The Emperor of China Is dead, but It will be a long time before about 300,000.000 of the people of that natioi find it out. Loa Angeles Times. Mr Taft wanted to be the biggest Judge In the land; Mrs. Taft insisted that he would accept a position which would make her the first lady in the land. He gave way and she is a winner. Husbands, obey your wives- Buffalo Express. "What a splendid device the camera la for the convenience of tourists." "yes," answered Mr. Cumrox, the next time I go abroad I'm going to anchor in Paris or Vienna and send a hired man around the continent to take snap shots." Washington Star. ALL. THE SOITTH WEARY OF" BRYAN j II any Democrats Did Not Vote V lr- ajlnla and the Plurality Primary. SAVANNAH. Ga., Nov. 11. (To the Ed itor.) I have been very much surprised at the feeling which exists in the South with regard to Hon, William Jennings Bryan. You meet Democrats every day who de clare that they didn't go to the polls, as they wouldn't vote for Bryan and were not ready to became Republicans, al though they wanted Taft elected. Strange to say, this feeling Is not confined to the business element, although it as stronger there. I And it among laborers in saw mills, draymen, and even farmers. As showing this feeling. I inclose you two clippings from the News-Leader of No vember 10, a Democratic paper of Rich mond, Va., which is similar to many ar ticles which appear in Southern Demo cratic papers and which may have es caped your attention, and yet these men seem to be of the opinion that-Mr. Bryan will be the candidate in 1912 and seem to regard it as one of the evils that they niust submit to. If Mr. Taft gives the country a euccesful administration, as h believe he will, and Mr. Bryan is again the candidate against him, you may look for a break in the South that will sur prise the natives. S. B. HUSTON. Danger' in Vlrsrlnia. Richmond (Va.) News-Leader. In a very strong editorial article the Norfolk Virginian-Pilot assails "the of ficials and committees having in charge the machinery of the Democratic party" tn Virginia. It excepts the Richmond city committee, which it says did good work, but continues: The stata -committee Inaugurated a per functory canvass in the closing days of th-a campaign, but only a handfull of speakers present office-holders and aspirants for future honors were -called Into aervlce. If there was any of the solicitous auper vlsion of local conditions formerly exer cised from headquarters no signs of It wera manifest. Mot even the usual exhortation to loyalty and activity of effort was sounded. It migh be Instructive to Inquire how many members of the state executive committee, as last announced, gave their votes to the National ticket, and whether thse chosen lieutenants of the state chair man were ever called together after the Denver convention put forth Its nominees and platform. Outside of the Xinth and Fifth the district committees appear to have exhausted their functions when they had arranged for the party primaries, while in the Second the committee de liberately relaxed the primary rulea to fit the declaration of one of Its members that "Hundreda of true and loyal Democrats would not vote for Bryan." If the city committee of Norfolk took any steps to awaken the Interest of the voters or brine them to the polls, their action was taken with a secrecy which escaped public at tention. Really there was no need for the State Committee to exert itself or to undertake the expense and exertion of a long and warm campaign. It would have been a waste of ammunition. Outside the Fifth and Ninth Districts the Republicans made no serious 'fight and the marked defection was confined to a few of the larger cities. It was most evident in Richmond and here the local forces of the party were able to handle the situation. No power could drive to the polls men who did not want to go or prevent Democrats in every county and at almost every precinct in the Elate from cutting Mr. Bryan. Prob ably the State Committee had no money. Really the enthusiasm for Mr. Bryan was all on the surface and expended itself in talk. When contributions were called for the people gave reluctantly, the total remittances from this state to the Na tional Executive Committee being less than $4000, we believe, of which nearly SL'OOO was raised In Richmond. Most of the men on whom the Demooratic party of the state heretofore have depended for funds were against Mr. Bryan and unwilling to contribute a dollar for his election. It Is all very well to rail against commercial ism and wealth, but when we freeze out of the party all the rich men and the plain people decline to come across, cam paign committees are paralyzed. . Bryan's Self-GIorlflentlon. t- M.-anf flirmhor nf the Commoner. Mr. Bryan's weekly, issued two days after the election, we get a vivm niiei the Rrvan point of view. The leading article has ten lines telling of the Demo cratic disaster In the country, and 38 lines describing the Bryan triumphs in Ne braska, the city of Lincoln and the vot ing precinct of Normal, Mr. William Jen nings Bryan's home precinct. Nothing by way of regret to sympathy for the mil .i innnnintH nrl defeated Dem- ocratic voters and workers; glory and glorification because -vir. jsrjsii. ioi .j first time, carried his own precinct and his own city. There is some suggestion of consolation, however, in the Commoner's cartoon. Over the word "Onward:" it represents four depressed and emaciated soldiers marching past a mile stone bearing the Azures "1901?." We are relieved to see that iit-ui.ro iQir,- them, carrv- the lnianiry mii"i - ing a flag in his right hand and a cavalry sabre In his jeit, is nut m.. "'", a slim man with a moustache. If Mr. Brvan has to present to us In 1912 as a Presidential candidate a s m man with a moustache the change will be welcome. We are a little weary of a fat man with a smooth face and an impressive mouth. SECRET OF JEWISH LONGEVITY Soberness of LIvInTnd Inheritance of Wise Hyidenlc Rule. Dietetic and Hygienic Gazette. Superficial scrutiny of the vital sta tistics yields the Jew a prominent po sition in thj sanitary world if lon gevity serves as an index of hygienic living. With the average length of life for all Christian people placed at 56 years, 11 months (1900) the Jew may hope to reach 48 years nine months. Neufville (1S55). inquiring into the comparative duration of life and causes of death of Jews and Christians in Frankfort, learned that one-fourth of the Jewish population was living be yond 71 years, while only one-fourth of their neighbors was living beyond the age of 59 years, 10 months. Ab bott claims that "they (i. e., Jews) are much less frequently the subjects of tubercular and acute epidemic diseases than any other race of mankind." Why should this seeming vital su periority exist? According to Richard son "the causes are simply summed up In the term 'soberness of life.' The Jew drinks less than his 'even Chris tian;' he takes as a rule better food, he marries earlier; he rears the chil dren he has. brought into the world with greater personal care; he tends the aged more thoughtfully; he takes bet ter care of his poir and he takes better care of himself." To this might have been added that through religious customs hygienic tendencies became an inheritance. - Jersey Gnder Says "nres" and "No." New York Press. A gander that can say "yes" and "no," march to command, kiss his 'own er when ordered to do so, and many other amusing and remarkable tricks, is the pet of Miss Marguerite Van Duyne 14 years old. daughter of Frank Van Duyne, of Fassaic Valley farm, Montville. N. J. The girl herself trained the gander. Dandy is the gander's name, and he follows the girl all about the farm. When she is in school he goes about with the farmhands and acts lonesome. The greatest trick Dandy has mastered is to distinguish between "yes and "no."v He gives two quacks in one key for " yes," and two in an entirely dif ferent key for "no." At the girls command he will march "to'ely with wings furled, or spread them as though ready to do battle. Dandv's mother was a tamed Cana dian wild goose, and he was sired by a Toulouse gander. He was the only off spring from a setting of 12 eggs. The mother was shot by Van Duyne on a hunting trip on the Passaic River sev eral years Pago. but the bullet only broke the bird s wing. He brought the goose home, and, after recovering from her hurt, she became domesticated. At Dandy's birtn im i . I interest in him and made a pet of him. J IGNORANCES OF THE BIBLE Moses Becoming; a Shadowy Personage and Hoses Is Forarotten. New York Evening Post. T-V. a Rhl. l KMtiit fnrirnttATi. A SUn- day-school youth describes the prod igal son as tne one wnicn rises i ma West and sets In the East. Moses has become as shadowy a personage as the most destructive critic makes him out to be. Hosea is the man hiding under a robe In the Boston puDiic Li- Virnrv rrllew mtn hunt for the books of Hexekiah. anl call Corinthians a form of architecture. Therefore, wo are assured by many lovers of the great book, the world is waxing un- o-nrflv on,1 from i, n p-nd 1 i n eSS Will SOOn fall into moral decay unless the Bible is restored to the family reaui tarda and the schoolmaster's desk. The warning sounds plausible. For cen turies the central pillar in our mui.n edifice, the Scriptures, cannot be sud denly removed without bringing down .1 11 m a it mltrht seem. And yet is not something awry In the Bible champions ineoryt Before inferrins too much from our inability to stumble through the Deca logue,' it would be well to look about for parallel cases of gross Ignorance. We are advised that it is "an anticli max of culture to be sent forth into life well informed with regard to Shakespeare and Milton, but unac quainted with Isaiah and Jesus Very true- bat where is the anticlimax to be found in real life? The average, schoolboy or college graduate " fully as much about the religious classics as he does about the secular ones, to wit. a few great names, a so norous phrase or two, et Praeterea ni hil. Th prodigal son is. as a Biblical character, about equal in interest and dramatic position to, let us say. tne rugged Pvrrhus;'" but the latter s friends are a handful against the small regiment that knows the former. Rut a looms no larger In the Old Testament than Miranda in Stratford Scriptures, yet who dares say the Moabltess is the more forgotten? Oblivion has claimed Habakkuk and Amos not a whic more victorious than the fair Dulcinea del Toboso and Cacus -but of the multiplying of instances there is no end. In truth, literary intima cies have gona out of vogue; yes, even fallen into disrepute. To move resistlessly in polite society one must not know too much or too. little of anything that .would hinder conversation. Anl to rhine in the haunts of higher culture one T?" know too much about some one thing and nothing about everything else; for that Is true scholarship. Between skimming and grubbing there is no middle way. down which any self-respecting member of contemporary so ciety may trudge. As for the ungodliness which tne decline of Bible reading is supposed to indicate, it is on parity with the bar barism that some would see in preva lent literary ignorance AMERICAN PETROLEUM. One ot the Greatest Assets of the Country. According to Dr. David T. Day of the United States Geological Survey, In a report just issued, the production of American petroleum in 1907 calendar vear was 168.095.335 barrels, valued at J120 106 749. Since 1859 the United States has produced 1.806,608.463 bar rels, worth $1,654,877,685. This year will bring the production for 39 years up to 2 000.000,000 barrels, with a more than proportionate Increase in the to tal value, as oil is not getting cheaper, but the contrary, owing to the large and rapidly increasing demand for crude petroleum, for manufacturing, railway and ship-fuel purposes. Since the discovery of petroleum in various states the total productions have been: States. rk Barre,S- Pennsylvania and New York 49 since 1S50 - -- 3:i6.-'.M).loj Ohio, since l"'"--"l o,,iirt-, s '5 California, since 1'J " tsVovi'71S West Virginia since 18.6....... If; Texas, since 18S9-. . 90 127.511 Indiana, since Ixko. v,v,.l Kansas, since iw w .". 85.SS1.278 Illinois, since 1SS9-... Louisiana, since 1902 j ts:s7 "S7.413if.lt 8.S74.2S5 Kentucky and Tennessee, sines B ,76 OkShom.7 Vro'm l't ttoi; I '. l.f Wyoming, since 1SK4 ;; o.'o Missourif since 1SS0 (Including n Michigan) "l-v , .,,7- The oil states got for their oil in Oklahotna and Kansas i7S7il-ii Pennsylvania . (i'4'i-''i47 Illinois i's-,'4"S West Virginia uTrtS'ssS Ohio . i4'oii'..".6 California jJt Texas 4',--,:l0.9.U Indiana, 4 .M,o:i3 Louisiana - l-7 74S New York . . . . - 's,v-'-Vi Kentucky and Tennessee ; . S-fjjIs'ia Colorado - i Vtah. Wyoming. Michigan and Missouri ' Winston Churchill's Jest. London Opinion. A Joke of Mr. Winston Churchill s at the expense of a self-opinionated army of ficer has just been recalled. The incident occurred during a dinner in South Africa, and Mr. Churchill and the officer were seated side by side. Throughout the meal the latter was airing his views, until at last Churchill could stand it no longer. "Do you know." he said quietly, I met a man today who would gladly forfeit f0 for the pleasure of being able to kick y "To kick me, sir!" exclaimed the aston ished soldier. "I must ask you to tell me his name at once!" "Oh." replied Winston, "it was a poor young fellow In the hospital who had lost both his legs by the bursting of a shell." ' , BITS OF PLEASANTRY. THP-TH DIFFERENT SPELLING Now. giri? I want you all to take pencil and nauer and to write down the names of your favorite hymns. Pause. Interrupted by a DiDlng voice, "Please, teacher, is It their shames or their Christian name, we ar. to write?" London News. MARTS ACCOMPLISHMENTS Mra. B- I suppose you find your daughter very much improved by her two years" stay at CMr1eproudmnther La! y- Mary Eliza beth Is a carnivorous reader now. and sho frequently Impoverishes music. But sl.o ain't a bit stuck up she's unanimous to everybody, an' she never keeps a caller waitfn' for her to dress; she just run. m nom de plume, an' you know that makes one feel so comfortable. Tit Bits. DEMOCRATS AT A DISCOUNT Charles Allen an Arkansas planter, who enjoys the distinction of being the only white Repub lican In his section of the slate, has in his employ an aged negro known as Uncle Reuben, who -fit fur de Union endurln' do "Vor some time the old man had been en deavoring to secure a pension-from the Gov ernment for this service. A few days ago. as Mr. Allen was riding by a field where he was plowing. Uncle Reuben hailed him witn the words: , T "Marse. I'se done got my pension, an I wants to swear to It befoh you." "Glad to hear that. Uncle Reuben, but you must do your swearing before a magis trate. 'Squire McCabe I. the man for yoa t0"Now. marse, quit . tryin' to fool ole Reub My 111 gal. who goes to school an kin read writln'. done read me from dose papahs dat I mus' swar to dem befoh a notorious Republican, an" dem what you Is kase ever" one knows dat .Squire Mc Cabe am a Democrat St. Louis Republic HIGH-CLASS WATCHDOG Gentleman (to dog dealer) I gave you a high prVe for this dog last week because you war ranted It to be a good housedog My houao was broken Into last night, and the dog never even barked. Doe Dealer No. sir: I quite believes yer. He was too busy lookln" at the burglars, so as to be able to Identify "em. to even think of barkln'. If you was out with this "ere dog and was to meet them burglars, he'd know "em In a minute. He ain't nj common barkln" dog; he's a reiTler 'tectlc. an" worth his weight in gold, he la. TUBUS.