Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (June 9, 1908)
8 TTIE MORNING OR EG ONI AN, TUESDAY, JUNE , l'JOS. Jfyt Bm$(ntxm SUBSCRIPTION BATES. INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. (By Mall.) Dcllyj Sundar Included, one year S 00 iJaiiy. Sunday included, six months... Dally. Sunday Included, three months. lailr. Sunday included, one month... la;ly. without Sunday, one year Paily, without Sunday, sir months... Irtlly, without Sunday, three months. laily, without Sunday, one month.... Sunday, one year Weekly, one year (issued Thursday).. Sunday and weekly, one year BY CARREER. Dally. Sunday Included, one year Ijnllv Runrinv Included, one month... 4"5 2.23 .7 a 8.00 3.25 1.75 .60 2.M) 1.50 8.00 .9.00 .T5 HOW TO REMIT Send postofice money order, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency re at the sender's risk. Give postortice ad dress In full. Including county and stats. FOSTAGE RATES. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofllca as Second-Class Matter. 10 to 14 Pages 1 en' 16 to 28 Faees CM1 80 to 44 Panes ? cenI! 46 to 0 Pages cants) Foreign postage, double rates. IMPORTANT The postal laws are strict. Newspapers on which postage is not fully prepaid are not forwarded to destlnatlon. EASTERJf BUSINESS OFFICE. The 8. C. Beckwlth Special Agency New York, rooms 48-50 Tribune building. Chi cago, rooms 610-512 Tribune building. KEPT ON SALE. Chicago Auditorium Annex: Fostoffles News Co., 178 Dearborn street; Empire News Etand.. St, Paul. Minn. N. Ste. Marie. Commer cial Station. Colorado SprUurs. Colo. H. H. BelL Drover Hamilton, ft Kendrick. 90-?? Seventeenth street; Pratt Book Store. 1214 Fifteenth street: H. P. Hansen. 6. Bice. George Carson. Kansas City. Ma. Rlckscer Cigar Co.. Ninth and Walnuti Toms. News Co. Minneapolis M. -. Cavanaugb, 80 South Third. Cincinnati. O. Tom News Co, Cleveland, Orames p-jshaw, SOT Super ior street. Washington, n. C Ebbltt House. Four teenth and, F streets; Columbia News Co. Plttsbonr. Pa. Fort Pitt News Co. Philadelphia. Pa. Ryan's Theater Ticket Office: Penn News Co.; A, P. Kemble. 8735 Ijancaster avenue. New York City Hotallng-s news stands. 1 Park Row, 88tb and Broadway. 42d and. Broadway and Broadway and 29th. Tele phone 6374. Single copies delivered: l Jones As Co.. Astor Bouse; Broadway The ater News Stand: Empire News Stand. Ogden. D, Li Boyle; Low Bros, 114 Twenty-fifth street. Omaha. Barkalow Bros.. Union Station; Mageath Stationery Co.; Kemp &. Arenson. Dea Moines, la. Mose Jacobs. Fresno, CaL Tourist News Co. Sacramento, Cal. Sacramento News Co.. 80 K. street: Amos News Co Bait Lake. Moon Book ft Stationery Co.. Rosenfeld ft Hansen: Q. W. Jawett, P. O. corner; Btelpeck Bros. Long: Beach. Cnl B. 'E. Amos. Pasadena, CaL Amos News Co. ean Diego, U. EL Amoa Ban Jose. Emerson. W. Houston. Tex International News Agency. Dallas, Tex. Southwestern News Agent. S44 Main street; also two street wagons. Fort Worth, Tex. Southwestern N. and A. Agency. Amarilla, Tex. Tlmrrrons ft Pope. San Francisco. Foster ft Orear: Ferry News Stand; Motel St. Francis News Stand; L. Parent: N. Wheatley; F&lrroount Hotel News Stand; Amos News Co.; United News Agency, 14 Eddy street; B. E. Amos, man ager three wagons; Worlds N. 8.. 025 A. Sutter street. Oakland, Cal. W. H. Johnson, Fourteenth and Franklin streets; N. Wheatley; Oakland News Stand; B. B. Amos, manager live wagons; Wellingham, E. Q. Goldlleld. Nev. Louie Follln. fcureka, Cal. Call-Chronicle Agency; Eu reka News Co. PORTLAND, TUESDAY. JUNE 9, 1908. "MINGLE, MINGLE, MINGLE." Multnomah County (Portland), which, by a tremendous majority, saves the State University from stran gulation by the rural districts, comes near giving a majority for single land tax; which, however, la overwhelm ingly beaten by the vote of the rural counties. Do we realize what these contradictions mean? Throughout the country there Is a movement based on the socialistic in stinct, which doesn't know fully its own intent, but acts more or less blindly, on any present Impulse. The ends of all these are the same, but they -who are In the current don't know how to reach them. Portland upholds the University, by a tremendous vote, yet almost de clares for the single land tax. The rural districts vote overwhelmingly against the single land tax, yet refuse to uphold the University. The com mon object is dictated by the social istic Instinct; but the city has one view of the problem, the country another. The country rejects the University because it doesn't want to be taxed; the city declares for the University because there are two classes of voters In the city, one of whom stands for the appropriation on broad principles of state policy and educational ne cessity; the other, on the ground that all taxation is good for the commune, which pays little or nothing. But when you come to the land tax a multitude in the city that has voted for the University appropriation votes for the land tax also. The rural districts, however, don't want the land tax. Their , notion of socialism is a different one. After all, however, what is It but a phase of the everlasting controversy between the Haves and the Have-Nots, so powerfully set forth In the discourse of Sancho Panza, three centuries ago and more? It all teaches that there are no new problems. Many of our people act as if they supposed or believed there were. Various interests those of city and of country suppose themselves in antagonism. Their votes are cast in accord with that idea; which, in deed, has something behind it, or ap pears to have; but there is no real correspondence of motive or action; and the result is what neither of the parties has foreseen; just as the Re publican factions of Oregon have been buncoed, have buncoed themselves and each other, have merely played into the hands of opponents, and lost the whole business. Of course all these things tend to some good account at last; for it is mostly through their follies, that men are taught wisdom. You may make all the stir In politi cal and social problems you will, but none of you will get out of it the result you expect; and each and all of you will be disappointed and disgusted, in turn. BRYAN AND JOHNSON. Mr. Bryan believes he will be nomi nated; and certainly there is every probability he will be. Tet Mr. John son, of Minnesota, is not out of the ring, and Mr. Bryan is reported to be an noyed by the course 6f Mr. Johnson and of those who are backing him. Several times Mr. Johnson. has spoken slightingly of Mr. Bryan; and Mr. Bryan feels that Mr. Johnson at this time has no right to "butt in." The Xew York Sun has a story about it. This story te.lls us that Mr. Bryan bitterly resents the action of the backers of Mr. Johnson. "Looking back to 1904, Mr. Bryan recalls the nomination of Alton B. Parker, of New York, brought about by a coterie of conservatives who demanded that rad- lcalism should be relegated to the po litical scrap pile. Mr. Bryan wit nessed the Waterloo of Judge Parker with great rejoicing. The Peerless Leader is said to feel it in his bones that, despite protestations to the con trary, the same men who forced the nomination of Judge Parker at St. Louis four years ago are backing the candidacy of Governor Johnson." All the literature issued in behalf of Mr. Johnson bristles with hostility to Mr. Bryan, and it nettles Mr. Bryan very much.. It is given out that if Mr. Bryan should fail to land the nomina tion hi3 devoted adherents are to throw their support to Senator Charles A. Culberson, of Texas. Yet it does not appear probable that Mr. Bryan's enemies will be able to deprive him of the nomination. His supporters will be strong enough to set aside the two-thirds rule, In order to prevent it, but will not be willing to do that un less it shall be the last resource. THE RUSH IS OVER. There will be very little rush in Oregon, henceforth, to get Republican nominations. Mighty little banking will there be hereafter on that imag inary "thirty or forty thousand Re publican majority." The (so-called) Republican voter will have to pursue men to get them to take Republican nominations, and make a contract be sides to pay their campaign expenses. There will not be four or live candi dates, as heretofore, struggling to get the nomination for the office of Gover nor, nor a similar number trying to obtain the nomination for Senator, nor a lot of good and earnest men press ing for the nomination for the May oralty of Portland. . No, brethren, no. The coyness and hesitancy will strike those who have been accustomed to effort to get nomi nations for Congress, next; because they, too, will be in deadly peril after this; and there will be no chance to get men to stand as Republican candi dates for the Legislature, unless the hat is passed to raise a fund to hire them. A big bunch of patriots, wishing to go to the Legislature this year, but finding no chance unless they would shout for Statement One, seized the opportunity and . took the pledge, expecting Cake to be elected and glory and preferment to ensue. They now are tied up to a Democrat for Senator, and will be compelled to elect him. But he can do nothing for them in return. If Bryan shall be elected he will not want to, for the Senator will have his own party friends to serve. If Taft shall be elected he can't help them; and there will be lots of fun. But the standard-bearers of the Re publican party will be mighty few from this time. The rush to get Re publican nominations is over. THE REPUBLICAN PLATFORM. It is safe to wager that both - the great parties will make their platforms with unusual care this Summer. The voters are indocile. Their mood is critical. Partisan boasting will be scouted with satirical scorn. Exces sive promises will excite incredulity. Declarations of policy will be scanned for evidence of sincerity, and if it is absent they were better not made. Substantially the Republican platform is finished. It Is said to have been composed by Mr. Wade Ellis, of Ohio, the same lawyer who wrote the plat form lately adopted by the Republic ans of his own state. That was a very good one, clear, sincere and forceful. This ought to be better, for Mr. Roose velt has had a hand in making It, and so have Mr. Taft and other men of notable skill in the business. The convention will probably adopt the document much as it is submitted. Some minor changes may be voted, some trifling additions, but nothing of consequence. The main purpose of the convention will be to commend Mr. Roosevelt's policies, promise to continue them and nominate Mr. Roosevelt's candidate. It stands to reason, therefore, that the President ought to have a voice, a dominant voice, in composing the platform, since he knows better than anybody else what his policies are and how they should be developed. It is idle to think of a great convention formulat ing a statement of principles upon its own initiative. Such huge bodies are too much like mobs to do flhelr own thinking. Somebody has to take time by the forelock and do It for them. Most readers will be curious to know what the platform says about the tariff after all the popular cry for lower duties since last Fall. It pro nounces for revision, which is some thing, gained, though the revision is a good deal hedged about and explained away. Still it is a long step forward from blank standpatlsm to confess that any duty ought to be lowered a particle. The bad old habit of ador ing the Dingley tariff is broken, and since small changes naturally lead to great ones, it is not unreasonable to expect steady Republican progress toward a system of import duties which shall neither encourage mo nopoly nor wrong the consumer. That element in both parties which fattens upon the present monstrous tariff and luxuriates in the privileges which it creates may be expected to make re duction as difficult a3 they can, but it is now fairly on the way in spite of them. Tariff reduction is no longer a "heresy" in the Republican party. It has become orthodox. The standpat ters are now the heretics. Concerning natural resources and inland waterways, the convention is likely to stand with the President. It will declare that the resources ought to be conserved and the waterways made navigable. These principles im ply many restrictions upon the ram pant individualism which has hitherto ruled and ruined In the United States. They set the good or the public above the privilege of the few and concede that the future has rights which the present Is bound to respect. The con servation of natural resources re quires the Government to undertake duties which are unfamiliar to many Americans and sometimes dreaded; but the problem must be solved If the next generation is to have a coun try fit to live in, and the Republican party faces the task courageously. Now as formerly. It is the party of patriotism. Once the Republicans saved the country by fighting; today they are ready to save it by taking care of our natural resources. Which task shows greater devotion It were hard to say. To both the railroads and the labor unions the convention will make con cessions; to the railroads the pooling privilege as Mr. Roosevelt has recom mended; to the unions the less em phatic favor of a hearing previous to the issuance of a labor injunction. In speaking of labor, the platform, as proposed, seems to fall suddenly into verbosity. It Is no longer pointedly clear, whereas it is Just here that clearness is especially needed. The unions have none too much confidence in Mr. Taft at best. Putting them off with verbal platitudes will not make matters better. Whatever the plat form has to say about labor should be stated tersely, definitely and sincerely. Any other course will prove a woful mistake. Those who care to look for it will find in the platform the usual ornamental paragraph about "the civil rights of the negroes." It means nothing, but it looks very swell and has hitherto served to hold the colored vote. The managers should see to re gliding it this Summer or its attract iveness may fall at a critical moment. THE BEEF FAMINE. The beef famine in the East has sent prices skyward and the supply has fallen so far short of the demand that shipments previously started for Europe are being returned. Other packers having space engagements on the steamers are paying for the space and holding the beef for sale in this country. This is a condition of af fairs that can hardly fail to encourage the cattle Industry in this country, and is of particular interest to Oregon stockmen at this time. The supply of cattle In the United States is greater than ever before, but the demand is also greater, and the growers are tak ing advantage of the increased de mand. The principal factor, however, in the scarcity of cattle in the markets Is the prosperity or the farmers in the greater part of the United States. With the passing of the big cattle ranges of the West, the business has undergone a change. Formerly one stockman would have herds of from 5000 to 15,000 cattle, and when these cattle were ready to turn off they were rushed to market with all possible speed. With such vast herds dependent on public lands for pasturage, there was but little op portunity to hold them back for a bet ter market, and each year practically everything that was worth selling found Its way to market, regardless of prices. Now, instead of comparatively few men raising herds numbering thousands, there are thousands of small farmers annually turning off from one to ten or twenty head of cattle. It is from these small farm ers, and not from the big cattle-growers, that the beef supply of the United States is secured, and, as they have been enjoying great prosperity for a number of years, they are not obliged to sell their stock at low prices. The beef famine, with its attendant high prices, will prove highly beneficial to the agricultural classes, but It will hardly be hailed with delight by the poor people who are obliged to buy meat. Establishment at Portland of the big packing plants of Swift and the S. & S. people will make this city a great mar ket for cattle, as well as other live stock, and as the Eastern demand for the packing-house products is greater than ever before, there is unusual in centive for the farmers of the Pacific Northwest to engage in the business of cattle-raising. More fat cattle can be turned off a small number of acres in Oregon than in any other state in the Union, and, with prices soaring and a packing-house right at the farm, there are great possibilities in store for the small as well as the large stock men in this region. HISTORICAL FICTION. Eastern magazine contributors who write on Western historical topics, with only a smattering of knowledge of the subject they attempt to discuss, generally drift far away from the facts. No recent effort of this kind contains more inaccuracies and mis statements than are found in kn arti cle on the "First Pacific Steamer," contributed to the June Outing Maga zine by Agnes Deans Cameron. About the only accurate statements made in the article are the dimensions of the vessel and the place where she was built. "Working up the Pacific was a slow process and a chastening one," says Outing, "and we may fairly as sume that, when the deep -throated whistle from the dirty smokestack an nounced, her arrival at the fort of As toria on the Columbia on the morning of April 4 of the next year, the Beaver had fully found herself." The Beaver came out from Europe under sail, and, according to the cap tain's log, which is still in possession of a citizen of Victoria, on March 19 "at 10:50 shortened sail and came to anchor in Baker's Bay in five "fathoms of water." Before comingt to anchor the vessel was boarded by the "Gov ernor of Fort George (Astoria) and by the chief officer of a ship anchored at Astoria." The Beaver proceeded on up the river and the work of fit ting her up as a steamer occupied sev eral weeks, the first steam going through her "deep-throated whistle" at 4 P. M., May 16. The Outing writer says that "almost immediately upon making Vancouver Captain W. H. McNeill assumed command of the Beaver," and It was under him that "the great rivers of the west, the Intri cate inlets and inland waterways were explored." McNeill did not assume command of the Beaver on arrival, for Captain David Howe, who brought the vessel out, took her on her first voy ages from Vancouver, remaining with her for some time afterwards. McNeill, who was an American, was master of the vessel at Intervals for several years, but the honor of ex ploring the "intricate inlets and Inland waterways" belongs equally to Cap tains Dodd, Brotchie, Scarborough, Sangster, Swanson, Lewis, Pender and a number of other pioneer navigators. Outing also has the Beaver engaging in the Fraser River gold rush, al though she was entirely too deep draft to ascend the river. Perhaps the most grotesque feature of the article is the statement that "when the interna tional dispute arose over .the owner ship of the Island of San Juan, the little 'black seal fire-devil' (Beaver) protected the interests of John Bull until the Emperor of Germany kindly decided that he no longer had any interests to preserve." - There are very few school children in the country who do not know that the San Juan dispute was strictly an American-British affair. .The "inter ests of John Bull," instead of being protected by the diminutive Beaver, were fairly well attended to by the warships Plumper, Ganges, Tribune and Satellite. As a sample of the great "protection" which the Beaver could have afforded, it might be men tioned that there was. present, ready for pombat, an American fleet consist ing of the Active, Jeff Davis, Massa chusetts and Shubrick. The Outing story ends with an account, of the wreck, the Beaver being swept from the rocks at the entrance of Vancou ver harbor bj "the sidewheel steamer Yosemite (long since herself a bone yard corpse)." This statement brings the , inaccuracies of the story right through to the close, for the Yosemite is now an excursion steamer plying out of Seattle. A tinge of fiction some- times adds to the interest of historical subjects, but Outing's story of the Beaver seems to have been treated to an overdose. The Government crop report yester day made an unusually favorable showing for a big crop of wheat, oats and barley. The effect of the report was apparent in the markets, in a sharp decline in prices. Big crops, of course, cannot be marketed at such high prices as prevail when there is a smaller amount available, but, even at low prices, they are mor.e welcome than small crops. To handle them requires more labor, and more cars, and cheap wheat means cheap bread, so that if we proceed on the theory of "the greatest good for the greatest number," the big crop, even with Its low prices, is more valuable than the small one. Fortunately for the Pa cific Northwest, where crop failures are seldom known, we usually harvest a big crop when there Is a small crop in the rest of the country, thus en joying the advantages of a big crop and big prices. Will Taft pledge himself to the sup port of Oregon's Holy Statement or Sacred Pledge? If not, how can he expect to carry Oregon? We expect to hear along towards Fall many , a powerful appeal in Oregon for Bryan, on the ground that he is "more loyal" to Statement No. 1 than Taft is. The analogy between the pledge of Presidential Electors to cast their votes in a certain way for President, and the pledge of members of the Legislature to do tire like thing in the election of United States Senators, would be quite proper if there were any analogy in it. But there isn't. The Presidential Electors will cast their votes for their party's candidate; the members ofwur Legislature who have taken the pledge are to cast their votes for the opposition party's candidate. Hence a Legislature, five-sixths of whose members have been elected as Republicans, are to elect a Democratic Senator. Please excuse men of sense and purpose from further relations with a party that "fixes' Itself in this manner. The Democratic party at least or worst has more sense than that. In Clackamas and many other coun ties whisky now will be taken, as in the olden time, straight from the Jug. It was altogether proper for Dis trict Attorney Manning to dismiss the charges against George H. Hill, in the matter of the Title Guarantee & Trust Company. Close examination of the records of the defunct concern shows that Mr. Hill was in no wise to blame for the "plunging" that launched it into failure, or for the receipt of de posits after it was insolvent, or for conversion of the state's school funds. His position in the bank was only a nominal one. He had nothing to do with direction of its policy. Governor Chamberlain will stand aside and let some other "nonparti san" go to Denver in his place. This is a good time for every Democrat to lie low who has aspirations to be elected Senator by a Republican Leg islature. Disastrous floods in Montana, and death-dealing tornadoes in Iowa, Kan sas and Nebraska, have taken up con siderable newspaper space in the past few days, but in Oregon, sunshine and roses and a good boating stage of water in the river are about the only features of the climate that attract at tention. The Hood River strawberry growers have special reasons for sym pathizing with, the Northern Pacific Railroad, for the demoralization of the railroads has prevented the shipment of berries to a number of Montana points. This is hard on the growers and also hard on the Montana people, who are deprived of the Oregon straw berries, the finest to be found any where in the world. Imports of the Philippine -Islands for the year 1907 amounted in value to $30,453,810; exports, $33,097,857. Largest part of the exports consisted of hemp valued at $19,689,493; sugar, value $4,195,671; copra (dried kernel of the cocoanut), $4,784,151. Nearly all sugar known in Oregon In early times was from Manila. It was dark and even black sugar, in mats. Rice was from the same quarter. There are now on the way to Port land 231 carloads of machinery for the new Swift packing-house plant. Of course this machinery will be dumped off at Portland to He around and rust until Swift & Co. get ready to move it up to the enormous plant which they "might" build at Seattle. This, at least, is the inference that one would gain by reading some of the Seattle papers, which have not yet discovered that big enterprises Jnvolving such an enormous investment as that of the Swift plant always locate at the most advantageous point. The fans are threatened with a re turn of that old 1905 feeling, when they had a ball team that got to the top and stayed there. ' They call ..the ."allies" who want to beat Taft the Wilkins Mlcawbe'r Club. Waiting for something to turn up. Anything to beat Taft. The city belonged to the young and the gay last week; this week the old and the sedate will be its honored guests. Beginning with the reception and banquet to the Indian War Vet erans today and ending with the after noon banquet and evening campfire, tales of the pioneers Thursday, the past and the present will be brought in closest touch through the gentle magic of memory and the tender grace of hospitality. The week's entertain ment will be less hilarious than that of last week, but in its way, and to those to whom it makes special ap peal, it will be quite as enjoyable. The new rate of postage between the United States and the United King dom will be 2 cents: now 6 cents. It will go into effect October 1 OREGON'S VOTE FOR U. S. SENATOR People's Course Commented on by Varlous Newspapers. Washington (D. C.) Star (Ind.) Governor Chamberlain's victory is personal. It cannot be otherwise ex plained. Republicans voted for him knowing his politics and that as Sena tor he would act with the Democratic party. Those who took this stand put his personality above party considera tions. There could have been no under standing to the contrary, for Governor Chamberlain's character and popularity repel the bare suggestion. Should these instructions be obeyed? Undoubtedly. Illogical as the result is, It represents the popular will, and ours Is a government by the majority. Immediately, however, it is suggested that the instructions voted should be disiegarded, and a Republican sent to the Senate. If this should be done, the injury to the Republican party of Ore gon will be far greater than any com putable from the loss of a Senatorship. Bad faith is always in the end pun ished severely, In politics as In other things. The vote on the Senatorship In Ore gon is close, and this may lend itself to the schemes of Governor Chamber lain's opponents. But it would be as unwise to count him out on the popu lar vote as to reject him In the Legislature. Not for Oregon, but United State. Washington (D. C.) Post (Ind.). Is the election of a United States Senator by the people of Oregon wholly "their own business?" We do not think so. A Senator Is a lawmaker for the whole United States. No Senator pretends that he is bound to comply with the instructions of his Legisla ture, or even the will of the people of his state. He has a higher duty to perform, and he must perform it If he is conscientiously acting in behalf of the people of the country. Oregon can not live to itself alone In the matter of United States Senators. The Constitu tion guards against such an evil, and the Senate itself, in pursuance of the provisions of the Constitution. Is likely to exclude persons who present creden tials of election held in a manner not authorized by the Constitution. A Drsiocrat With Southern Sympathies. New York Sun. There is no doubt that a Republican Legislature has been elected in Oregon and early returns from the primary for United States indicated that Governor Geofge Earle Chamberlain, a Democrat, was the choice of the people of the state. If the official count shows this to be the case, the Legislature, no mat ter how large the Republican major ity may be, will have to respect the will of the people and send to Wash ington a Senator who is a Democrat with Southern sympathies, for Mr. Chamberlain was born in Mississippi and educated in Virginia. Oregon, when Chamberlain is not a candidate for of fice, is temperamentally as Republican as Vermont. His election would be a handsome personal compliment, but It would not be a convincing argument for the primary system of choosing Senators. Rather a Strain on Party Loyalty. New York Evenings Post (Ind.-Dem.) Of course, a Republican Legislature is under no legal compulsion to elect the Senator who is the proved choice of the people of the . state, but it Is morally bound to do so. Indeed, Re publican candidates for the Legislature expressly pledged themselves to abide by the popular vote on the Senatorship. If they do not, they will repudiate thu direct primary law of which Oregon has been so proud, and under which they themselves have their political be ing. But fancy the strain on party loyalty! Will Statement No. 1 Men Flopf Boston Transcript (Ind-Rep.) If It turns out that George K. Cham berlain, a Democrat, Is the choice of the popular primaries of Oregon for the United States Senatorship, a place which must be filled by an overwhelm ingly Republican Legislature, it will give the Oregon system the severest test to which It has yet been subjected. Oregon has an arrangement for pledg ing the members to vote for the man who stands first in the popular polling, and it now remains to be seen how well the agreement has been riveted. Wholly a Question of Good Faith. Indianapolis News (Ind.) The Oregon law, following that of so many states, seeks to bring the control of the Senatorial choice directly within the power of the people Instead of dele gating it to the people's representa tives in the Legislature, as is the case in Indiana and in most states the old way. Now the point Is whether legis lators will respect their pledge and elect the people's choice or whether they will repudiate this and vote ac cording to party. It Is wholly a ques tion of good faith. Tends to Befuddlement of Voters. Kansas City Star (Ind.) One interesting feature of the Oregon election the primary vote for Senator already has been commented on. An other matter of significance Is the fact that the state has been conducting an experiment In governmental supervi sion of the arguments of the campaign. Certainly the plan in general use of permitting each side to go out and say what it pleases tends to the befuddle ment of voters and falls somewhat short of clearing political situations. Bar Intrlgne In dominations. San Francisco Chronicle. In the opportunity, which the direct primary affords to enable the people to choose their own Senators lies one of the strongest arguments in its favor. Election or virtual election of Sena tors by the people under conditions which effectually bar Intrigue In mak ing nominations, will eliminate from our political system one of the most widespread and prolific sources of cor ruption. Recall rian a Wholesale Test. Boston Herald (Ind.-Dem.) One issue is the "recall" plan of dis charging public officials. This whole sale test, which Oregon Is making, will be carefully watched by citizens every where, especially by those who are not satisfied with the results of lawmak ing by representatives selected under conditions that give so much power to party machines. Legislative Intrigue and Corruption. Springfield (Mass.) Republican. The founders of the Government sought to lift the election of members of one branch of the Government above popular clamor and contention, with the result of bringing- it too often under the sway of the more sinister Influence of legislative intrigue and corruption. Never Satisfactory. Chicago Record-Herald. Shifts and ingenious devices to cir cumvent an antiquated provision can never give entire satisfaction. Third-Term Men Oppose Mr. Taft. Sacramento. Cal.. Union. Who is booming Roosevelt for a third term? From what source comes the money for the headquarters, the litera ture, and the fight, The President says he will not have another term, and that the agitation is an insult. It is evident that those now agitating a third term for Roosevelt are opposing Taft. WHAT GLORIOUS FOURTH COSTS In Five Years 115$ People Were Killed and 22,520 Injured. Mrs. Isaac I Rice's "Our Barbarous Fourth," in the Century. The fitting celebration of Independ ence day Is a question on which pa triotic Americans are separated Into two widely divergent parties, one claim ing that it ought to be observed as nois ily as possible, the other believing that our National birthday is too glorious an occasion to be marred by din and dis order. Of course, we know that even among those who favor a boisterous ob servance there are many who cannot tolerate it themselves, and escape to the country in order to avoid the tortures of the "awful Fourth;" Just as we know that a large proportion of the noise-makers, including the small boy and the big boy, too. is heedless. If not ignor ant, of all that our holiday stands for. and thinks of it only as a time when uamor may reign unrestrained. The figures which indicate the price that we pay for each of our yearly celebrations are so appalling that one would suppose that a knowledge of them would be the most powerful de terrent to our annual massacre. This, unfortunately, is not the case. For the past five years the Journal of the Amer ican Medical Association has endeav ored to collect statistics setting forth what the celebration of the Fourth costs in life and human usefulness; and although these are admittedly incom plete compiled, as they are. almost en tirely from newspaper reports instead of from records from hospitals, dis pensaries and physicians they form the gravest possible arraignment of the recklessness which is willing to pay such a price for a "jolly day." They snow that during the celebration of five National birthdays, from 3903 to 1907. Inclusive. 1153 persons were killed and 2-.520 were Injured! Of the injured. SO suffered total, and 389 partial, blind ness: 380 persons lost arms, legs or hands, and 1670 lost one or more fin gers. But these figures, startling as they are. convey only a faint idea of the suffering, both physical and mental, which went to swell the total cost of these five holidays; in this we must also include the weeks and often months of anguish of the injured, the suspense of entire families while the fate of some loved one hung in the bal ance, the horror of a future of sight less years, the pinching poverty now the lot of many because of the death or maiming of the breadwinner. A VOICE FROM KENTUCKY. Mr. Wattersou's Vehement and Klery Protest Against Prohibition. Louisville Courier-Journal. There are undoubtedly Prohibitionists who call themselves Democrats, as there are Democrats who think themselves Pro hibitionists. But the Idea of Prohibition Is at variance with all the ideas and ten ets of Democracy. No man can be a Pro hibitionist and remain a Democrat. Prohibition is of the very essence of Puritanism. Federalism and Republican ism. It is laid in the belief that the Gov ernment may regulate the personal life and private affairs of the citizen. It claims that through sumptuary edicts and a protective tariff men may be legislated, at the will of the party in power, into millionaires and angels, church and state being interchangeable and serving as con vertible terms. Democracy meets this theory not mere ly with proof of its fallacy drawn from history and human nature, but with an alternative theory of free will requiring the complete separation of church and state. The whole Prohibition movement is a scheme to revive the prescriptive and ruinous doctrine of chureh and state. In the South Its animating purpose has been to keep whisky from the nigger. Else where in Democratic communities It Is a scheme to promote Federalism. Puritan Ism and Republicanism. Democracy meets It with these plain proposals: First Prohibition does not It never has and It never will prohibit: on the contrary, it degrades both the people and the law; It promotes smuggling, extortion and adulteration; It breeds both hypo crites and lawbreakers; and. therefore, that which may not be effectively re pressed, may be wisely regulated and re strained. Second Local option, each community to be the judge of its own wants and needs the doctrine of home rule has been effectual wherever it has been tried, and is as near a restriction of the drink evil as legislation can provide. Third All schemes of legislation based on religious agitation and hysterical up risings make not only for bad govern ment, but have for their ultimate object the abasement of Individual liberty and the ascendancy of a union of tyrannous clericalism and corrupt demagogy, which in all ages and countries has draxged re ligion, morals and patriotism through In calculable wrong to certain ruin. The Smile of a Good Harvest. Washington (D. C.) Star. Here is an anti-panic bulletin from To peka: Free Employment Asent Gerow today called for 21,5f0 men and 1IW5 teams to help with the Kansas whoat harvest. It is thought that the harvest will begin on the southern e.i(?e of the state about June lit to Ifi, depend-In- on the weather. The Central Kansas har vt will be bet'-veten the liith and 'Juth. and the northern harvest will begin about July I. There Is an unusual demand f-ir teams this year and farmers will pay $4 or $5 a day for a man and a team. Annually of late something like this has appeared. Harvest time shows Kansas swamped with prosperity and calling al most piteously for help. Field hands by the thousands are imported from a dis tance, and even college boys are tempted to take a little sunburn at a fancy figure per day. The barns are too few in num ber and all too small in size. Nature has smiled until the farmer frowns. And what is true of Kansas is true of many other states. The fields are rich beyond calculation. Everywhere is the promise of wealth in quantities, awaiting the gathering and the stowing away. Brass Giving Way to Platt-lnum. Hartford Courant. New York once sent to the Senate such men as Rufus King, Philip Schuy ler, Gouverneur Alorris. DeWitt Clin ton, Martin Van Buren and Silas Wright as Daniel S. Dickinson, John A. Dix. William H. Seward. Hamilton Fish, Preston King and Edwin D. Mor gan. At present her commissioned spokesmen in the Senate are Thomas C. Piatt ' and Chauncey M. Depew. We have today the news of a finding In a New York courtroom, and in an excep tionally malodorous litigation, that It's the woman in the case and not New York's senior Senator who has been committing perjury upon the witness stand about an alleged marriage cere mony of Sorts on the premises of a ho tel. But what shred of dignity is left to the aged Senator by his own testi mony in the case? New York Evening Post. Brass as a symbol for effrontery might now give way. to Platt-inum. Denver As a Versatile City. Washington (D. C.) Star. The general assembly of the Pres byterian Church has chosen Denver as its next meeting place. Denver must be a versatile city if it can attract both Democrats and Presbyterians. Snake Hunted For Five Years. Pittsburg (Pa.) Dispatch. A blacksnake 11 feet 8'4 inches long, which has been hunted for five years, was shot to death near Allentown, Pa. Perhapst But He Didn't Mean It. Roseburg News. Did somebody say the state was Republican' CHANGES IN GERMANY. In a Moral Sense Not for the Better. Sydney Brooks, in Harper's Weekly. There is perhaps no nation that has altered within a single generation In so many essential qualities as Ger many. Material prosperity suddenly descending upon a country devoted to plain living and high thinking has brought the spirit of materialism in its train. The Idealism and the love of science and knowledge for their own sakes that distinguished the antebel lum generation, and constituted Ger many's high, austere and distinctive claim to honor, have been replaced by a bald and repcllant utilitarianism. The Germans are no longer the greatest readers In the world. Thoy soem. Indeed, to be In some danger of developing for bonks and book-learning an almost English contempt. That intellectual cosmopolitanism which used to be one of the most admirable and seductive of Get man traits has vanished along with the dazzling succession of authors, sci entists and philosophers who were its embodiment, and the unworldly profes sors who fostered and perpetuated it. A new luxury, restlessness, discontent and chauvinism have invaded all classes. The Germany of today, pursu ing wealth with a more than American ardor, has cultivated with assiduity, and not without success, the amenities and what Burke called "the solemn plausibilities'" of life, has become more polished, more ceremonious, more pre occupied with the small niceties and embellishments of social intercourse; but has lost, or is rapidly losing, the old simplicity and purity of manners. Crimes against property and morality have multiplied in Germany in the last 30 years with an appalling rapidity. Financial juggleries have kept pace with them. Berlin is the most cos mopolitan and the most corrupt of Eu ropean cities, and flaunts a coarseness of depravity that is not. 1 think, equaled anywhere. The Germans have rushed into city life just at a time when they are losing their spiritual faith in theories of moral restraint. The influence of the Socialist temper is not to he sought In politics alone: it has Indoctrinated at least a third part of the German nation with the religion of the crudest materialism. The great city on the Spree, which a generation ago was little more than a placid vil lage, shows in its style of life, its rents, it6 exuberant architecture, its restaurants and hotels, its strident round of gaiety, the vastness of the distance which Germany lias traveled In the last generation. I'nity, pros perity and imperialism have wrought a deep and visible change in the char acter and social outlook of the German people. Pornographic literature of the most revolting and debasing quality is becoming a greater evil in Germany than it ever was in France. The mar riage age among the higher classes grows later and later. The number of unmarried women at a marriageable age estimated at considerable- over 2.000.000 and the great increase in divorces emphasize a growing social and moral unsoundness; and the many scandals of recent years among the aristocracy, which is always and In all countries the first class to show the taint of corruption, point to an unmis takable lowering of the standards of national morals. LIVING IN NEW YOltlv IS HIGH Awful Conditions Where Economy Is Nothing but Poverty by Contrast. Harper's Weekly. Economy is nothing but povertv in New York, by contrast with tho abnormal demands that living Involves. Spending 60 cents for breakfast, going without luncheon, and paying a dollar for dinner Is economy for a single man. A break fast that costs 30 cents and a dinner GO cents is poverty. The boarding-house life is poverty; the lodging-house life ia something worse; and the ordinary life In a flat is voluntary servitude. Sociologists claim that the lowest pos sible yearly expense for a wnrklneman with a wife and three children, embody ing a normal standard of living, is f'.i.SO. The statement was made recently by the New York department of charities that the average laborer's family in New York Is existing on about $700 a year. The minimum rate of rent on the Hast Side for the barest decencies is $1 a month. Coal costs from 10 to 15 cents a pail, a fabulous price when estimated by the ton. Yet between this poverty and the "economy" of the small-salaried employe who Is compelled to adjust his earnings to the demands or his occupation there is small difference. We live in New York by the cost rather than value of things. An apple purchased on Fifth avenue costa twice us much as the same apple bought on Fourteenth street. The dollar Bowery shirt costs twice as much on Hrnmlwav. This is the city where thev "pay the price." The self-indulgent man who spends $:i00 a day has not saved bis money nut of his wages. The woman who could not manage her household for a season on less than $75,000 Is not the daughter or the wife of a wage-earne.-. Economi cal beginners really have no actual rela tion to the existing problem of living in New York. What does it cost to live In New York? More than you can ever hope to earn in wages; and. so far as the chances of speculation are concerned, that infeis the necessity of "pull." If you haven't a "pull." social or political or financial, your speculative chances are slight. Ob viously this state of restless endurance Is demoralizing. It undermines character. Presently you find yourself following th? procession of people who are living be yond their means, because they seem to be enjoying themselves at it. The only way to live within your in come in New York is to become blind to the very extravagances and allurements that make this the metropolis, and to sac rifice the pleasures of temptation for the comforts of an honorable old age. TO THE OREGON' ROSE. (Inscribed to the Portland Rose Show, by Perry Relgelman. Snlem. Or.) Thou wast born with the blush of the morning. With its radiant glory and light. While the dawn with Its beauty adorning Lies enthralled In thy form so bright; "Tis the love of the maker thou bearest. Just a message of hope and of cheer. And as pure as thy perfume is rarest Is the song thou are singing here. Oh. thy petals are red as the blushes On the cheeks of a sweet rustic maid When the warm flood of love sweeps and rushes While the first words of love soft ar said; Thou are glorious, passionate, glowing. In thy heart burns a sensuous fire; And my love for you ever is growing. While my muse dost thou evr inspire. Like the morning's fresh crystals of dew. Like the stars in the deep, silent night, Are thy petals of white, rose so true. Are thy petals so pure and so white; In thy breast lie the unwarmed snows. And subdued Is the fierce, tropic heat Of desire. And thy heart's spirit knows Naught of sin. but of love chaftc and sweet. In this beautiful, golden Westland. 'Neath the blue of our sun-kissed skies. Thou art crowned as our Queen, fair and grand; And thy smile do we ever niott prize. Tls our love, and our pride, and our boast. 'Tis the Queen where the great water flows. And with pleasure we drink to this toast: "To the glorious Oregon Rose."