Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, February 13, 1904, Image 8

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Morning Oregonian., February 13, 1904, Page 8, Image 8

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Newspaper Page TextTHE HORSiyG OffiE0DyiAy, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 13, 1904 Entered at th Postoffice at Portland. Ore gon, ok second-class matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION KATES. Br mail (postage prepaid In advance) Dally, with Sunday, per month $0.S5 Dally. Sunday excepted, per yar 7.30 Dally, with Sunday, per year 0.00 Sunday, per year. 2.00 The Weekly, per year 1.50 The Weekly, 3 months 50 Dally, per -week, delivered. Sunday excepted. 15c Dally, per woek. delivered. Sunday includeL20c ' POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada and Mexico 10 to 14-page paper .......... .Ic 16 to 20-page paper ....2c 2 to 44-page paper.. ................ ...'So Foreign rates double. The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from individuals, and cannot under take to return any manuscripts sent to it without solicitation. No stamps should oe Inclosed for this purpose. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICES. (The S. C Beck with Special Agency) New York: Rooms 43-49, Tribune Building. Chicago: Rooms 510-212. Tribune Building. KEPT ON SALE. Chicago Charles ilacDonald. 53 Washing ton St., and Auditorium Annex; Postofilce News Co.. 178 Dearborn. Denver Julius Black, Hamilton & Hend rlck, 006-912 Seventeenth St.; Louthaa & Jackson. Fifteenth and Lawrence. Kansas City Rlcksecker Cigar Co., Ninth and Walnut. Los Angeles B. F. Gardner. 239 South Spring; Oliver & Haines, 205 South Spring, and Harry Drapkln. Minneapolis M. J. Xavanaugh, 60 South Third; L. Kegelsbuger, 317 First Avenue South. New Xork City 1 Jonas & Co.. Astor House. Ogden W. C Alden. Postofflce Cigar Store; F. R. Codard; W. G. Kind. 114 25th St.,; C H. Myers. Omaha Barkalow Broa, 1012 Famam; McLaughlin Bros.. 210 South 14th; Megeatb Stationery Co., 130S Famam. Salt Lake Salt Lake New Co.. 77 West Eeeond South St. St. Louis World's Fair News Co. San Francisco J. K. Coopor Co 740 Mar ket, near Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear, Ferry News Stand; Goldsmith Bros., 230 Sutter; L. E Lee, Palace Hotel News Stand; F. W. Pitts, 1008 Market; Frank Scott, S0 Ellis; N. Wheatley. SS Stevenson. Washington. D. C. Ed Brtnkman. Fourth and Pacific Ave, N. W.: Ebbltt House News fctand. TESTERDA Y S WEATHER Maximum tem perature. 42 deg.; minimum, 39. Precipitation, 0.38 ltfch. TODAY'S WEATHERA)ccasienal rain; southerly winds. PORTLAND, SATURDAY, FEB. 13, 1001. INTERVENTION IN SANTO DOJIINGO. Recent events make it clear that soon or late the United States will be obliged to Interfere In the affairs of Santo Do mingo. During the recent Venezuela difficulty the European powers Inti mated pretty plainly that if the United States would not police the Republics of Central and South America, Haytl and Santo Domingo, they would be obliged to do so. This was not offi cially expressed, but the press of Eu rope said the Monroe Doctrine carried responsibilities as well as benefits with 1L If the United States will not allow Europe to intervene in the affairs of these republics to suppress chronic dis order and establish a stable govern ment, then Europe has a right to expect tha. the United States will discharge J aw jiui'wcu jespuusiuuuy ior Keeping, the peace in Caribbean countries. This plea on the part of Europe Is well put and cannot honorably be treated with indifference if we expect the powers of Europe to continue religiously t re spect the Monroe Doctrine. Secondly, It Is absolutely necessary to the security of the Nicaragua Canal that the United States should obtain naval domination of the Caribbean Sea. To this end the possession of the Bay of Samana, in Santo Domingo, has for fifty years been a subject of negotia tion, off and on, between the Domini can government and the United States authorities. In 1864, under the Demo cratic Administration of Franklin Pierce. Captain George B. McClellan was sent by the War Department to study the military advantages of this harbor and his report was enthusias tically favorable. Under resolutions of Congress, approved January 2, 1871, President Grant sent three commission ers to Santo Domingo. The real object of this commission's inquiry was Sa mana Bay. A great majority of the re public had asked the United States to annex Santo Domingo. The report of th commission was favorable, but Congress failed to take action on the report, and the scheme was bitterly opposed by Charles Sumner and Carl Schurz in the United States Senate be cause they were personally hostile to President Grant and because they were both bitter anti-expansionists. Schurz, who survives. Is of the same faith today, and while Sumner Is dead. It Is safe to say that his disembodied spirR, whether it fled to bliss or wde, is still opposed to the expansion of heaven or the enlargement of hades. But President Grant was right," as he always was in matters of' large National consequence. As Mayor "Williams once said of him. that while in small things he was a commonplace man. -Grant in large affairs was a large man. He had an intensely practical mind, as all sound soldiers have had; lie was prompt to urge the Nicaragua Canal; he saw the vicious quality of the intlation bill and vetoed it He vetoed the equalization of bounties bill, pointed out the vast future importance of our trade with China and the desirability of our coun try keeping on good terms with that country, and set forth the value of the Bay of Samana as a great American naval station in the West Indies. Grant saw that we were sure to be come a great naval power, because he felt sure we would build the Nicaragua Canal. If we built It we must be pre pared to defend it; we could not-defend It without a powerful navy, and that navy could not control and dominate the Caribbean Sea without a great naval station and ample harbor like Samana, Bay. which, considered strate gically or commercially. Is the most ad vantageous position in the West Indies. It Is thirty miles long by about ten wide: Is capable of accommodating the largest fleets and ships of the greatest draft; the entrance to the bay Is narrow, but free from rocks and shoals; this bay commands the Mona passage, the most important avenue from the Atlantic to the Caribbean. As a naval station Samana Bay would surpass In strength and importance the combined naval stations of Great Britain at Ber muda. St. Lucia and Barbadoes. In 1ST4 Samana Bay was formally ceded to a private United States corporation, but a year later all rights of the com pany lapsed for nonpayment of rent. An American military and naval com mission ought to be able to secure to the United States this Santo Domingo harbor, by wfaleh the United States could become the dominant naval pawer in the Caribbean Sea. If the United States cannot obtain this by present negotiation, it would- naturally enough follow our intervention to restore order in both divisions of the island that is Inevitable soon or late. A few months ago, when a German cralser destroyed & rebel Haytlan gun boat for robbing a German merchant vessel of a supply of arms, Europe ex pressed surprise that the United States permitted chronic anarchy to prevail in this island. The United States needs Samana Bay and St. Thomas harbor to. complete our strategical advantage for defending the main approaches to the Caribbean Sea. the Gulf of Mexico and the Panama Canal in case of war. We could doubtless obtain a long lease of Samana Bay, and It Is desirable to do so, because Europe expects us to police all these "turbulent anarchical little republics, and If we neglect this duty Europe may Insist on performing It, and then the Monroe Dootrlne would draw us Into strife. Within the last twenty months six of these turbulent little republics have had serious revolu tions. We cannot afford to permit Latin-American adventurers to use the Monroe Doctrine as a mask for dishon est dealings with Europe, and our Gov ernment has aiready Informed them -that It will not stand between them and punishment for misconduct. But the United States cannot expect Europe to respect the Monroe Doctrine unless we police and keep decent order In these Latin-American States with whom In termittent revolution has become a pop ular recreation. Santo Domingo is the nearest neighbor of our Porto Rico, and Hayti Is distant but a few miles from Cuba. These black republics rep resent the lowest civilization in the Western Hemisphere. The United States will be compelled, soon or late, to police this island of Hayti and com pel the establishment of reasonable or der and a stable form of government. OUK DUTIES AS NEUTRALS. The President's declaration of neu trality serves to draw attention to the change of naval warfare from a free-for-all, rough-and-tumble scrap Into a fight under rules as binding as those that keep green the fame of a certain Marquis of Queensberr. In former days, when nations were at war, all the ships on both sides took part in the fighting. When Spain and England struggled for oversea commerce and dominion, it was enough for the Span iard that a vessel flew St. George's cross, and the English skipper looked upon a vessel displaying the "blood and gold" colors as his lawful prey. In later daysthe -merchant vessel pursued her way as peacefully as the "acts of God or of the King's enemies" would permit She carried a few guns so that she might not prove too tempting a quarry for the enemy's privateers, which had become the licensed free booters of the sea. After the downfall of Napojeon there was no great naval fighting, and the sentiment, which had been steadily growing In favor of limit ing fighting to regular combatant forces found Its first expression In an order-in-council made by Great Britain In 1854 at the beginning of the Crimean War. In this order-in-council Great Britain agreed to "waive her maritime rights" and to do away with privateer ing. Two years later the Declaration of Paris bound the signatory nations to abolish privateering, an agreement that has now been made by every nation except the United States, Spain and Mexico. The declaration embodied these four points: The abotttlon of jwlvatoerlng. A neuttpJ flap covers an enemy's goo4-ei-cept contraband). Neutral goods (except contraband) are safe in an enemy's ship. Blockades must be effective. The United States did not join in .this declaration, not because it did not" ap prove of the proposals, but because It did not consider them far-reaching enough. It was held by our authorities that all private property at sea should be exempt from capture. The principles of the Declaration, however, have been followed in every war since 1856, Includ ing the Civil War, and thus fighting is now confined to the navies of belliger ents. This, of course, will render na tions anxious to make fast merchant vessels part of the navy as a means of sweeping the enemy's flag from the seas. The United States has been generally recognizedas the steadfast champion of the rights of neutrals. In the Presi dent's proclamation he cites the pro visions of the law of 1818, which Is prac tically a re-enactment of a law passed In 1794. One of the most Important pro visions therein Is that prohibiting; the "Increasing or augmenting" of the force of any war vessel belonging to a bel ligerent that may enter United States waters. How advanced Is the view taken by this law is shown by the fact that the British law of neutrallty is declared by so eminent a parliamen tarian as Sir William Vernon Harcourt to be a transcript of the American. It Is the duty of a neutral power to use due vigilance in enforcing the laws regarding neutrality. It is thus the duty of the United States Government to prevent as noted in the Presidential proclamation Americans from assist ing In raising forces in American ter ritory for Japan or Russia; to prevent vessels suitable for warfare from being fitted out in American waters, and generally to prevent aid being afforded one side or the other from American territory- Laxity in carrying out these obligations would render the Nation liable for the resulting damages, as evi denced by the Alabama case. The recognized international usage regarding coal Is the most Important development of later years. The pos session of frequent coaling stations has become an absolute necessity to the country that would wage a naval war fare far from Its home ports. The use of colliers at sea furnishes a precarious method of overcoming the lack of coal ing stations, but heavy weather would render the colliers unavailable and the ships of war would be likely to find themselves adrift and helpless. Already In the present war a Russian ship has found herself caught at Port Said, and was allowed In accordance with the usage laid down In the President's proclamation coal enough to take her to her nearest home port The rumors that the Baltic fleet Is to be sent to the East may be taken with more than a grain of salt Lack of coal would stop the ships before they had reached the Suez Canal. In matter of financial endurance of the strain of war, European authorities agree that while Russia has always a shallow army chest compared with Great Britain, Germany or France, nevertheless that Russia's purse is longer than Japan's; that she could pay after Japan was bankrupt Even If the Russians lost control of the sea. they could leave Port Arthur to defend Itself for months, which It could easily do, and force the Japanese to attack them In Manchuria. The Russians, af ter garrisoning Port Arthur and Vladi vostok and guarding the Manchurlan railways, could perhaps oppose 155,030 good troops to the Japanese army of 2W.W0 regulars. The Yalu River Val ley and the Liao Tung Peninsula would probably be the scene of the earlier land operations. The Russians 'could fall back. If necessary, along the rail road to the north, disputing the Japan ese advance. Manchuria contains 362. 000 square miles; It Is S00 miles from Port Arthur to Amur River. The Rus sians could fight a defensive campaign along that whole distance. The Cos sacks as effective mounted soldiers are superior to the Japanese cavalry, which is so weak and Inferior as to be almost worthless. In a short, sharp war the Japanese might succeed against a Rus sian army o.f not more than equal num bers; but if it Is to be a long-drawn-out contest, Russia can get plenty of men and she has a longer purse than Japan. A nation or the resources of Russia, even when her finances are in a bad condition, can obtain money and credit longer than a nation like Japan. Japan is not only a comparatively small coun try, but a very poor country, and she has been obliged to tax her people al ready up to the limit to organize her army and navy and modernize her gov ernment. Japan cannot possibly stand the strain of a long war as well as Rus sia unless she were able to Imitate Na poleon and make war support war. Russia Is like a rich man deeply In debt but the possessor of undeveloped resources so large and rich and various that he is never without credit;- but Japan is like a poor man that has lived up to 'his means and Is not likely to be any richer In the near future. CITE THEM TIME. It Is likely that one of the colonies of Bpers who are looking for homes in the United States will be located In Montana- General Gideon Joubert has been In that state for some time, "spying out the land," and thinks favorably of a section In the western part of Valley County, where sufficient land In one body can be secured to accommodate a colons- of 500 homeseekers. There Is a generous disposition to welcome these people to Montana. The list of Boer characteristics includes Industry, hon esty and love of liberty qualities that are essential to good citizenship. Fur thermore, the Boer is said to abhor debt and to love home. While in point of fact the Boers know little about home In the American sense of that term. It Is urged that they will In a few years through contact with American life and Its institutions develop the homebulld Ing faculty and leave the traditions of the African veldt as well as Its noisome habitations behind them. This will be less true in colony life, with Its clannish tendencies and rela tive excluslveness, than It would be in Individual life In American communi ties. It will take several generations to infuse through colony life, in which the hablt3 and traditions of the people will be embalmed, so to speak, the at mosphere of free and progressive Amer ican homes. However, since colonies of these. people will no doubt settle In various sections of the country, it Is well to take the philosophical and even an optimistic view of the matter, which Is embodied In the assurance, as voiced by the Montana Record, that the Boers will make good customers for the mer chants, good neighbors, good friends and eventually good citizens. If they are content to be farmery stockralsexs nnd hom.ebyilders for a term of years, eschewing all political ambition, all intermeddling with mat ters of government, until they come to understand and appreciate our Institu tions, especially our public school sys tem and our guarantee of freedom In religious, matters, they will eventually stand for good citizenship In its broader significance. Give these people time and It will take time to outgrow their narrow Ideas of liberty; to learn from observation and from, contact with a growing people that growth Is a vital principle, without which life becomes mere gross existence, and to expand the idea of a shelter and an abiding place into that of home in Its enlight ened sense, and they will become Amer icans In reality and remain Boers only In memory. LOCAL OPTION FOR SALOONS. Voters of Oregon will decide at the general election In June whether this state shallhave a local option liquor law. Upon the petition of over 8000 qualified electors, .a local option law has been proposed by Initiative, and the measure will be enacted or rejected by the people without any action what ever upon the part of the Legislature. A majority of all votes cast upon that subject will determine the result, and In this respect the election will differ from those In which constitutional amendments have been submitted to the people by the Legislature. In or der to adopt a constitutional amend ment a majority of all the votes cast at the election was required, so that a ballot not marked upon the subject sub mitted counted as a negative vote. In elections under the initiative and refer endum, whether upon laws or constitu tional amendments, only a majority of the ballots marked upon the subject submitted is necessary. The proposed local option law pro vides that upon petition of 10 per cent of the legal voters of any county, sub division of a county or precinct, "She County Clerk shall submit to a vote b the people the question whether the sale of intoxicating liquors shall be prohibited In such county or subdivis ion. Two or more precincts may make up a subdivision of a county. Elections under the local option law are to be held on the first Monday in June of any year, but in 1904 may be held in connection with the Presidential elec tion In November. When the prohibi tion question has been once settled In the affirmative It cannot be submitted again for two years. Violation of the law Is made punishable by fine of from ?6 to 5500, or imprisonment from ten to 30 days, and by both fine and Impris onment for second or subsequent of fenses. Circuit Judges and District At torneys are required to see that the law is enforced, and peace officers are au thorized to proceed under search war rants to search for evidence of viola tion of the law. Persons who purchase intoxicating liquors are declared to be competent witnesses. The measure thus briefly outlined Is an Important one, for, if enacted, elec tions will be held in every county in the state under Its provisions. This Is not In Itself a prohibitory law, but Is a measure Intended to give to the peo ple ef each precinct or county the power to say whether the liquor traffic shall be conducted In such political sub division. It is a step In the direction of prohibition, and, In a measure, opens up the whole saloon question. There remain over three months In which- the proposed law may be discussed, and In that time every voter can and should prepare to vote intelligently upon the matter when submitted to him next June. Copies of the law will be placed In the hands, of County Clerks for free distribution early next month, and It Is understood that a vigorous campaign will be conducted In favor of the enact ment of the law. The fact that in two weeks over 8000 voters signed petitions asking that the law be submitted 13 alone sufficient to entitle the proposed law to a careful and fair considera tion. That the law will meet strong oppo sition Is certain, for it opposes some heavy personal interests and Is also re garded by some temperance people as not being an expedient measure. Local option laws have been enacted In sev eral other states with results beneficial or detrimental according to the opinion of the man who makes an argument In the campaign which will soon begin there should be an effort to get at the facts rather than prejudiced opinions. The friends of the local option law owe it to the voters to submit facts showing results In other states. Opponents of the law will have but a weak argument if they make the sweeping assertion that prohibition has been a failure in Maine or Kansas -ivithout taking into account the difference between prohibi tion and local option. The question at issue Is one upon which honest, reason able men may differ In opinions, and the discussion should be conducted with that fact In mind". Sir Henry Blake found, in the course of hl3 efforts to stamp out the plague In Hong Kong, that the Chinese are a Vlly people and averse to sanitation. Chinese were dying like files,, but ob jected to having their houses disin fected. The dead were cast Into the streets to avoid medical Inquiries, fu migation and compulsory cleanliness. When It was discovered that 25 per cent Of. the rats of the city had the plague and Srere thy roeens of scattering it, the government" offered a reward for all dead rats that hhd''a tasr-attached showing In what house they were caught By examining the rats It could be- learned, .Governor Blake thought, what houses needed disinfection. But the scheme only made an opportunity for the deceitful rat-catchers. They levied a tax on all Chinese householders, and such as dJd not pay up promptly soon saw Infected rats In piles before their doors with tags indicating their addresses. This brought a speedy visit of the sanitary corps, which ransacked the premises. Thereupon the household ers combined to wreck all the traps In the city, so that few were caught This, however, did not lessen the in come of the rat-catchers, who Imported rats from the country and-sold them to Sir Henry at a good profit. "For ways that are dark and tricks that are vain the heathen Chinee Is peculiar." Calling attention to the 8597 suicides In the United States last year and the 584 victims of one theater fire, the Rail way Age thinks the loss of life yearly from railway accidents, though regret tably large, Is comparatively small. There were 711,617,000 passengers car ried, of whom but 164 were killed In train accidents and 157 lost their lives from other causes connected with rail way operations. Of L333.000 railway employes but 1241 were killed, which Is bad enough, but not nearly so bad as the year's 8976 murders. The Chicago Tribune finds that In the last three years In the United States there were 26.762 murders, .24,153 suicides and S.0 drownings, whll. the whole number killed on or ab ut railroads from all causes was 10,95-. It may be observed, however, that al . these figures art too large or ought io be reduced by the exercise of ordinary virtues. A provision Inserted In the urgent de ficiency bill authorizes the President to consolidate non-paying customs dis tricts, classifying Into ports and sub ports, so as to reduce the cost of col lecting tariff revenue. At present, ac cording to the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, there are forty-seven cus toms districts where it costs over a dol lar to collect a dollar, owing to the number of persons employed, whereas If such districts were subordinated to other better-paying districts the clerical force could be reduced. At Galena, 111., for example. It cost3 J540.07 to collect "Jl, and there are many districts where the collection of $1 costs $100 or over. The proposed plan of consolidation will reduce the average cost of collecting tariff revenue from all districts from $0.0339 per dollar to something like $0,021, which is the cost in the internal revenue service. A los3 wTiich has more than local sig nificance was that caused by the burn ing of the Oswego (N. Y.) starch factory on the 10th Inst Hundreds of thou sands of bushels of starch and corn were consumed, 600 men were thrown out of employment, and the loss on plant and stock aggregated $1,000,000. In the presence of the great Baltimore fire, in which solid blocks of steel, stone. Iron and granite were melted like wax In the Intense heat, the Oswego fire was but briefly noted, yet, relative ly speaking, it was as significant of loss and suffering and industrial disas ter as was that which was told In many columns of newspaper reports. Th report that RussJ:i-tsaltemptlng to .arrange with Turkey and Great Brlt aM to permit the Black Sea fleet to "pass through the Dardanelles Is proba bly without foundation. The Black Sea fleet Is chiefly composed of what are called coast defense armored war ves sels, which are not fit -for the service expected of ocean Ironclads. Russia in any event could not afford to leave the Black Sea without a naval squadron for defense, for In event of war with Turkey growing out of the decision of Russia and Austria to compel Turkey to quiet the discontent In Macedonia, the Black Sea region would need1 all Its present naval squadron. The net Increase of National bank note circulation of $1,246,823- last week attracts attention to the increase of this form of currency, which now amounts to $427,023,59S. The Philippine Islands bonds and other recent Issues have widened the basis on which the Na tional banks rest, making their contin uance probable for a long time to come. It may be noted In this connection that the public debt Increased durlngJanu ary by $915,062, bringing the total'lnter-est-bearlng debt to $900,470,950. This la exclusive of $967,532,869 In certificates and Treasury notes outstanding. The Indians of the Quinlault Agency are typical "Holy Rollers." Under the Influence of religious excitement they roll from side to side until exhausted. There Is no record, however, that 'they have broken up their furniture, roasted dogs and cats alive, or performed other sacrificial rites which lately made the Corvallls contingent conspicuous as physical demonstrators of "religion " But then the poor Indian is but recently civilized. THE SABBATH IN THE BIBLE, j Jewish TribunaMPortland.) J Advocating- the Sunday closing of the Lewis and Clark Fair. Rev. Edgar P. Hill. D.D., in a sermon preached recently be fore the First Presbyterian Church, ex pressed his view that the Sunday opening cuestion is a "religious question. God said, 'Remember the Sabbath-day to keep it holy.' ... The principles of Chris tianity are at stake. ... It (Sunday Sabbath) is a matter between God and man. ..." Notwithstanding our high esteem for the learned Doctor, truth, plain facts and history compel us to differ from his views. What w contend is: L That Sunday opening of any business place is not a "religious question." All the Injunctions concerning the "Sab bath Day" refer to the seventh day of the week, and not the first Sunday. S. Sunday as a holy day has never con stituted a principle of Christianity. 4. Sunday-Sabbath has never been "a mat ter between God and man." Here we give the arguments in sup port of our contentions: L At the very creation tee read that God "blessed and sanctified" the seventh day of the week, because In it he rested from his work (Genesis 11:2-3). At the Instance of the manna the name "Shabboth" Instead of the numerical name of the seventh day is first mentioned (Exodus xvl:23). It seems that the Jews kept the Sabbath as a rest day even be fore the time when -the Decalogue was deliv ered (Idem 23-20). Sabbath was ordered to be kept holy (Idem xx:8), the office of that holi ness was to abstain from work and to give rest also to the cattle (Idem 10). The sancti fying of the Sabbath was "not to do In it any work" (Jeremiah xvll:24). The desecra tion of the Sabbath was doing any kind of work (Nefaemlah xlll:15-10). The Sabbath is a purely Jewish institution, concerning Jews, and Jews only, as "a sign between me (God) and you (Israel)" "the chil dren of Israel shall keep the Sabbath" (Ex odus xxxl:13) "and remember that thou wast a servant In the land of Egypt. ... therefore, the Lord thy God commanded thee to keep the Sabbath day" (Deuteronomy v:lfi). The Sabbath is constituted for a. humani tarian and sanitary purpose only (Exodus xx:10; Deut v:14). Inferring from Jesus statement that be "came not to destroy the law, but to fulfill," taking also in consideration that when ap proached for his disciples' desecrating the Sab bath, Jesus offered certain excuses (Matt ill: 14; Mark 11:27); there is no doubt left that he. as a Jew, kept the Jewish Sabbath holy. The Jewish Christians after him also held the Jewish Sabbath holy. (Eusebius H. E. 111:27). When the question arose whether the Jewish Sabbath Is binding upon the Gentile Chris tians, Paul, according to the spirit of the Old Testament, decided in the negative (Colceslans 11:16). 2. Sunday, the first day Of the week, having been, according to the four evangelists, the day of the resurrection of Jesus, was kept by the first Christians as a feast day. It was the day when they were gathered together "to break bread" (Acta xx:7). There was no pref erence given to any day of the week above tha other days, be. it Sunday, Sabbath, or any other day. "One man esteemeth one day above another; another esteemeth every day alike. Let every man be fully persuaded In his own mind" (Romans xlv:&). The observance of any special day of the week, month or seasons of the year, or a year of years Is mocked at "Te observe days, and months, and seasons, and years. I am afraid of you, lest by any means I have bestowed labor upon you In vajn" (Galatlans lv:10-ll). The observance of the Jewish Sabbath, which Is one of the Dec alogue, has been annulled (Colosslana 11:18). Sunday was only a Joyful day In honor of Jesus' resurrection. "Wo keep the eighth (?) day with Joyfulness, the day also In which Jesus rose again from the dead," relates Bar nabas (xv). (This Barnabas, as also Clemens, Romanus and Hermus, were supposed to he mentioned in the New Testament, but this supposition was exploded by later criticism.) "Let the slaves work five days, but on the Sabbath day and the Lord's day let them have leisure to go to church for Instruction. In piety," is a sentence from a book called "Apostolic Constitution" (vlil:33). the author of which Is not known. The' same book rec ommends that the Sabbath be kept as a me morial feast of the creation, and the Lord's day as a. memorial of the resurrection. These two citations prove that never yet was the- ob servance of Sabbath transferred to Sunday. From Cons tan tine's enactment (321) that all courts of Justice, inhabitants of towns and workshops were to he at rest on Sunday, It Is plain (hat till then all kinds of work was not prohibited on Sunday. From the .above plain facts, based on history, we conclude: 1. That Sunday was never recognized by any apostolic authority as a holy day; there fore. 2. Sunday observance could never constitute a principles of Christianity. 3. The Jewish Sabbath the seventh day of the week as a sign between God and Israel, instituted for some reasons concerning the Jews only, constitutes a purely Jewish Insti tution, binding only upon the Jew. and, there fore. Justly annulled by Paul for the Chris tians; therefore. 4. The injunctions of the observance of the Jowish Sabbath has never been transferred to Sunday, as Sunday has never been "a matter between God and man." Neither can we concur with the Doc tor's argument that "the Supreme Court has decided that this Is a Christian na tion," for the following reason: The Na tion of the United States is composed of men who admire the "blessing of liberty" (preamble), requiring no religious test to the qualification of becoming a member of our great Nation, or to hold any office or public trust under the United States (Art vl; Sec. 3), consequently, no Supreme Court could adjudge our Nation "Chris tian" in the sense as professing the Chris tian religion. We- would be very grateful to the reverend gentleman should he point out where to find that decision. A View of Senator Hoar. Chicago Tribune. The Tribune is able to keep its enthu siasm for Senator Hoar well under con trol. It holds that he long ago outlived his usefulness as a Senator. He Is an obstructionist His constant motto is, "I object" He doesn't faithfully repre sent any state In the Union or any consid erable part of a state. From the day of the first Chinese exclusion bill, when Mr. Hoar advocated the unlimited Immigra tion of Chinese, so that they might be "converted on the spot" until now. the Senator has been almost constantly "the party "of the third part" He Is exceeding ly popular with the Democratic newspa pers, and more often than not gives ex pression to their views with singular fe licity. Lest He Forget. New York Sun. Pinckney had made his famous declara tion, "Millions for defense, but not a-cent for tribute?' 1 "Excuse me, sir," Insinuated the walter, "but haven't you forgotten something?" With a wail of anguish ho had to climb down from his high horse. Enchainment. Arthur OShaughnessy. I went to her who loveth me no more. And prayed her bear with me, if so she might; For I had found day after day too sore. And tears that would not cease night after night And so I prayed her, weeping, that she bore To let me be with her a little; yea. To soothe mytelf a little with her' sight. Who loved me once, ah! many a night and day. Then she who loveth me no more, paybe She pitied somewhat: and I took a chain To bind myself to her. and her to me; Tea, eo that I might call her mine again. Lot she forbade me not; but I and she Fettered her fair limbs, and hec neck more fair. Chained the fair wasted white of love's do main. And put gold fetters on her golden hair. Oh! the vain Joy It Is to see her lie Beside me once again; beyond release. Her hair, her hand, her body, till she die. All mine, for me to do with as I please! For, after all. I find no chain whereby To chain her heart to love me as before. Nor fetter for her Hps. to make them cease From saying still she loveth me no more. "THE SECRETARY OF PEACE." Chicago Tribune. In a speech at the Harvard dinner in Washington on Tuesday Secretary of War Taft facetiously described hla own lack of military experience. He said that when he was In Japan the authorities asked him to review the troops and hoped he would wear his uniform. He didn't wear his uniform, and he begged to be excused from putting the soldiers through their maneuvers, expressing himself as com pletely satisfied of their proficiency in drill. Then he hurried away from the field for fear somebody might ask-him the caliber of our Krag-Jorgensen rifle, in which event his own Ignorance Would be exposed. The Secretary has the right to his jokes at his own expense, but nobody Is dis posed to take him. at his own valuation nor to 'deny him the faculties that are needed for the post he holds. He is. In deed, the minister of peace rather than of war. His greatest achievements have been in the direction of securing peace? He pacified the Philippines not merely through the use of the military arm or tho Government, but through the wise exer cise of those arts of civilization which he knew so well how to employ. He gained the confidence of the natives. He assured them of participation In the administra tion of their own local affairs. He called them into council, 'and in many instances .sought their advice and deterred to their judgment While he did not hesitate to employ the troops when necessary to put down Insurrection or to exterminate la dronlsm, he looked to the better Im pulses of the natives for co-operation with the Government in the humane and Just direction of their affairs. The Secretary of War In the United States has more to (fo with peace than with war. The Department of Insular Af fairs, which by some old evolution he came attached to tho War Department has to do with civil governments In time of f-eace, and it cannot operate efficient ly while or where war continues even In tho organization of the Army. It Is not the aim of the Secretary of War to Invite conflicts with any nation or power, but to prepare for eventualities, if, through no fault of our own and In spite of all honorable efforts to avert It war should be forced upon us. That was a thrilling compliment that Lord Wolso ley paid us when he said that "man for man," the American Army "was the best In the world." It Is a compliment our au thorities should constantly endeavor to deserve. SUU. we shall continue to hope that Mr. Taft will always be known as the great est Minister of Peace the United States has ever had. His Inclinations, his edu cation, and his temperament will lead him In that direction. Peace hath her victor ies, and may our new Secretary of War live long to enjoy them. The people of the United States earnestly pray for peace, but they are always conscious of tho fact, now almost passed into a platitude, that the best way to secure it i6 to be pre pared for war. OUR OBLIGATION TO COREA. New Tork Sun. Tankee sympathy in case of war will vary according to circumstances and In dividual prepossessions, with the prepon derance doubtless, favoring, on sentimen tal grounds, that marvelous young modern power of- which Matthew Calbraith Perry, of Rhode Island, was the godfather. The attitude of the United States Gov ernment will be that of absolutely correct neutrality. This Is merely saying that the name of the American Secretary of State Is John Hay. It ought not to be forgotten, however, that apart from all considerations of sen tltflent or material Interest, we are under direct treaty obligations to befriend one of the nations involved ic- the Far Eastern troubles, and to help that nation If we can and if she asks our assistance. The nation with which "we are thus bound In the closest relations Is neither Japan nor Russia; nor again, is It China. It Is Corea, the Kingdom of Chosen, and our obligation Is In the form of a con tract: There shall ba perpetual peace and friendship between the President of the United States and the King of Chosen and the citizens and subjects of their respective governments. If other powers deal unjustly or oppressively with either government, the other will exert Its good offices, on being Informed of the case, to bring about an amicable arrangement, thus showing their friendly feelings. The reciprocal pledge quoted above forms Article I. of our convention with Corea, negotiated In 1SS2 and ratified by the United States Senate in January, 1SS3. The treaty is now In force. It was the first treaty ever concluded by the Co rcan Government with any nation, great or small. We occupy, therefore, a tutelary and ex ceptional position with regard to the wel fare of the Klndom of Chosen, the coun try most likely to be dealt with unjustly and oppressively In any conflict between Japan and Russia involving a disturbance of existing conditions In Northeastern Asia. If Corea is unjustly and oppressively treated by either combatant we shall no doubt be officially Informed of the circum stance. The Corcan Government Is rep resented at Washington by an Envoy Ex traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, Mr. Mlnhui Cbo. assisted by a full-fledged establishment of secretaries, counsellors and attaches. Don't Disturb the Dead. Westfall Western Ways. The Oregonlan never lels an opportu nity to pass to criticise W. J. Bryan. It attempts to damage his character as a lawyer and as a citizen. It seems to pub lish Mr. Bryan's misfortunes In a gleeful mood. It criticises his political beliefs and endeavors to lessen his strength with his party. The reason for this Is what we are unable to understand. The Com moner, at Lincoln, does not enter In as competition with The Oregonlan, so It cannot be In a business sense. Mr. Bryan Is not a candidate for any office, and his views and political teachings are foreign to the Interests of The Oregonlan. That paper will not admit that there Is any reasonable hope for Demo cratic success either under Bryan's leadership or any other wing of that party. The Oregonlan would lead us to believe that sliver is dead, "that the Influence of Bryan Is dead, then the ques tion is why stir up something dead? Why not give us something alive? A newspaper can criticise an Individual for a wrong act and should do so, but this course of The Oregonlan comes pretty nearly be ing continuous persecution of a private citizen. Bryan may be wrong in his polit ical opinions, but this Is not sufficient cause to prompt The Oregonlan's continu ous attacks. j Granddaughter Goose. New York Sun. Little Boy Blue was blowing hl3 horn. "It's the only thing to do." he lisped. "If you don't have a press agent nobody hears of you." Herein we see the early origin of the custom. The Old Woman who lived In a shoe volunteered the reason. "It waB tho only apartment I could find that wasn't ruled by a Janitor," she said. Little Jack Horner sat in a corner. "I'm only waiting," he explained. "As soon as sister's beau comes I'm going to get under the sofa." Fame, however, snapshotted htm before he accomplished his purpose. Rose Aylmer. "Walter Savage Landor. Ah what avails the sceptred race. Ah what the form divine! "What every virtue, every grace! Rose Aylmer. all were thine. Rose Aylmer, whom these wakeful eyes May weep, but never soe, A night of memories and of sighs I consecrate to thee. f ; NOTE AND COMMENT, Selllng'llquor to minors appears to have made something drop around the Dew drop. - - Colds are epidemic, and to listen to any group of sneezing citizens ls to bclieye localities at the seat of war arc.' being discussed. " " " How Infantile it must make foreigners feel to fire salutes In honor of tha acces sion of the Japanese Emperor Jlmmu. who ascended the throne 2564 years ago.. Of proofs that tho army's the Russian's pride. This Is surely the bossky: "When the uniformed officer goes for. a ride. He has nothing to pay for a drosky. The Irrlgon Irrigator has a rippling name, but one that Is a pitfall to the un wary, as the paper Itself points out The Irrlgon Irrigator, and the Oregon Irrlgon, and the Orragate Irrlgoner, and the Irri gate Oregon all look alike. It Is now said that the Russian officers at Port Arthur were, attending a circus on Monday night when the Japanese made their attack. It would seem to be a clear breach of International law to choose cir cus day for the assault on a fortress, es pecially In a country where the circus Is so rarely seen. Associated Press dispatches yesterday announced Seattle's bank clearings for the day as being $711,605. Later the wires brought this: Editors: Kill Seattle bank clearings. Banks closed The only thing unlike Seattle in this was allowing a little matter such as the banks being closed to deprive the town of a day's clearings. . This story of an Oklahoma girl's compo sition on "Men," says the Argonaut, shows that the seed of the woman's club Is sown on the territorial prairies: "Men are what women marry. They drink and smoke and swear and have ever so many pockets, but they won't go to church. Perhaps If they wore bonnets they would. They are more logical than women and also more zoological. Both men and women have sprung from monkeys, but the women certainly sprung further thaE the men." The oscillating struggle between guns and armor Is apparently at an end. Ar mor has won. The late Mr. Tobln fired two shots at a woman, and both were rendered harmless by corset steels. Some nights ago another woman foolishly ap peared upon a street down which a police man was loosing qft his- revolver with the object of bringing to halt a sneak thief. Had It not been for the In valuable Harveyized corset steel the wom an would have bad a chunk of lead some where In her Interior. As It was, the bul let was firmly deflected by the armor that at once shields and beautifies. With these facta In mind, every Russian soldier should be at once provided with, a corset and every Russian ship should'tbakepj; ljjj Slavs. A curious case has just been decided in Tacoma. It appears that A, who keeps a restaurant, accused B of eating a meal la his place and forgetting to pay therefor. B bet A $5 that he could prove he had been somewhere else when the meal was said to have been eaten. A took the bet, and the stakes were deposited with C. When the question had been settled C refused to part with the money. He was sued, and was compelled to disgorge ths. J10 plus ?S.5 costs. Unfortunately, the dis patch does not tell us who won the bet and we are left In painful uncertainty as to whether or not B really did eat a meal and forgot to pay for It But It is rarely that three persons can obtain so much fun out of a $3 bet The Kalama Bulletin devotes some space to a practical Joke that .was recently played upon some citizens of that place. The victims, it appears, were Dr. Dar nell, Bill Carson who has red hair and "Ole Man," "Al," or "A. H." Imus. Two deaf mutes were being taken back to the school for defective youth, and were temporarily left in a real estate office. One at a time, the victims of the joke were told that the boys were from the Re form School at Salem, and that they re fused to tell where they had hidden somo stolen property. The three ictlm3 engaged In the effortvto make the boys talk. Even "Ole Man" Imus, with his knowledge of human nature, "gained In teri years of horse-trading In Kansas," admitted his defeat and when the truth was told Dr. Darnell declared that "If the boys couldn't talk they might at least have said so." WEX J. OUT OF THE GINGER JAR. Comedian What became of that old New England play that had a real enow storm? Soubrette It met with a heavy froat. St Louis Post-Dispatch. "You hold my future happiness," he tolf th girl. "Why don't you hold It yourself?" she asked coyly. And she wasn't so heavy that he couldn't do It easily. Chicago Post Willie Mr. Oldboy, why do they say you are In your second childhood? Mother Willie f Willie! Willie Oh, I know; It's because you are bald-headed. Just like baby Dick. Boston Transcript "Tou know, Jessie, the good book says 'Love your neighbor, " spoke the mother to her little girl. "Yea. mamma, but that was written before the days of flats." Yonkera Statesman. Wcdderly Today Is the 10th anniversary of my marriage. Singleton Well, which do you expect? Weaderly Which do I expect? Sin gleton Yes; congratulations or sympathy? Chicago News. "Do you think," he asked, "that we ought to annex Canada?" "Ho," replied the lovelj heiress, "I don't see what good It would do us. They don't have dukes and earls over there.-" Chicago Record-Herald. "I noticed." remarked Brusquely, "that you took off your hat when you telephoned Just now. and then put it back again. May I ask you why?" "Certainly." replied Courtly. "I was telephoning a lady." Cincinnati Times Star. "Lushman Is troubled a great deal by his wife's Insomnia." "I didn't know that be fore." "Yes; she usually has a severe at tack of It every night when he cornea In late, and then the trouble begins." Philadelphia Press. "No," he said, "I'm not sure whether my wife's Chrlrtmas gift to me was meant to please me or to. humble my pride." "What did she give you?" asked the friend. "She had a crayon portalt of me made by an ama teur artist" Philadelphia Ledger. "I'll admit that the eminent tragedian we have Just mentioned Is exceedingly irascible and sometimes indiscreet in his manifesta tions," said the playgoer: "but he Is a fine actor." "Yes," answered Stormlngton Barnes, "be knows how to act. but be does not know how to behave." Washington Star.