Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, April 07, 1902, Image 4

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Morning Oregonian., April 07, 1902, Page 4, Image 4

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Newspaper Page Text2 THE MORNING OREGOmAN, MONDAY, APRIL 7, 1902. Entered at the Postoffice at Portland, Oregon, as eecond-class matter. f REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Kail (postage prepaid, in Advance Dally, with Sunday, per month .? 85 Dally, Sunday excepted, per jear......... 7 50 Daily, with Sunday, per year fl 00 Sunday, per year ........................ 2 OU The Weekly, par year 1 CO The WceklT. 3 months 50 To City Subscribers Daily, per vcek. delivered, Sundays cxcepted.lB3 Daily, per frock, dekrered. Sundays lncluded.20c POSa.GH RATES. United States, Canada and Mexico: 10 to 14-page paper... ......................lc 14 to 28-page paper 2c Foreign rates double. News or discussion Intended far publication In The Oregonian should be addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonian." not to the name or any Individual. Letters relating to adver tising, subscriptions or to any business matter Ehould be addressed simply 'The Oresonian." Tho Oreeonlan does not buy poems or stories from individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to it -without solici tation. No stamps eaould-fce Inclosed for this purpose. Eastern Business Office. 43. 44. 45, 47. 48. 40 Tribune building. New Tork City; 4C0 "The Rookery," Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth special agency. Eastern representative. For sale In San Francisco by L. E. Lee, Pal ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros.. 230 ISutter street; F. W. F"ltts. 100S Market street; J. K. Cooper Co., 740 Market street, near the 'Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear, Ferry news stand. For eale In .Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner, 250 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, 305 Bo. Spring street. For sale in Sacramento by Sacramento News 'Co., 420 K. street, Sacramento. Cal. ( For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co., 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald, 63 Washington street. For sale In Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1012 Famam street. For sale in Salt Lake by tne Salt Lake News 3o., 77 W. Second South street. For sale In Ogden by C. H. Myers. On file at Charleston. S. C In the Oregon ex hibit at the exposition. For sale In Washington, D. C by the Ebbett House news stand. For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & jlCendrlck. 000-012 Seventeenth street; Loutaan fc Jackson Book & Stationery Co.. 15th and Lawrence streets; A. Series, 1053 Champa street. t , TODAY'S WEATHER Showers; brisk and prbpably high, squally southerly -winds. "YESTERDAYS WEATHER Maximum tem perature, C2; minimum temperature, 49; pre. clpltatlon, .20 inch, ! IFORTIAITO, MONDAY, APRIL 7, 1002. JVGAIX OREGON LEADS. The feature of the Republican plat form of Oregon that obtains special at tention in the Eastern States is the dec laration In regard to the Philippine Jslamds. That the question of retention or abandonment of these islands Is to foe the main Issue between the two great parties In the next contest for the Presidency Is as certain as apparent. JThe Oregon resolution therefore wad 'timely; and' throughout the country it is instantij' recognized as a keynote. "We reproduce it: The events of tho late war- with Spain car ried us 'Into -the Philippine Islands. We hold It to be consistent with the principles of lib erty and of our National life that the sover eignty of the United States should be main tained in the islands, with such local self government as the people may be, or may be come, fitted to participate In. Wo therefore declare against all proposals looking to the retirement of the United States from the Philippine Islands. It is said, indeed, that the Filipinos are "fighting for their homes and for their liberty." But they are fighting for neither. The United States will not deprive them of their homes, but will protect them in their homes. The United 'States will not deprive them of their liberty, but will assure them a large and perfect liberty, upon a broad er basis than they could ever estab lish and maintain without the aid and support of the United States; and the "United States, moreover, will guarantee them the possession and enjoyment of their homes and their liberty, against the Intrusion of foreign powers as well as against domestic enemies. The FI1 pinos no more have been fighting for their homes and their liberty than the Confederates were in the great Civil "War; and the Filipinos will beas se cure In possession and enjoyment of their homes and their liberty as the people of our Southern States are. Be tween the conditions of a true and ra tional liberty and the notes of a windy ixhetorio on the spurious article It is 'not difficult to discriminate, as the American people will show these de jclalmers. But, "the dangers of imperialism." (Another figment of a loose imagina tion. We are to lose our own liberties ln these enterprises, so the alarmists 'tell us. Territorial expansion will un dermine republican institutions, destroy the simplicity of American sopiety (by (the way, already one of the most com plex In the world), and conduct us on the downward road to that world of (shadows where flit the historic ghosts ioS Carthage and the Roman Empire. 'IS the- liberty of which we boast, then, leo puny a child? This has been the 'cry against our territorial expansion at verystep. Yet It has been "found that ,the way to extend freedom is to extend the territory -of freedom; -and England, the greatest colonizer and expansionist 'of the present world, has been extend ing her possessions for three centuries in all quarters of the globe, while, con. 'tinually enlarging the basis of popular Tights and public liberty at home, as Jwell as wherever her flag floats, over Ihe round world. It is true that the American people are energetic and adventurous; and this eplrlt is the surest guarantee that they will continue to be devoted to freedom. This Immense energy cannot be pent up, even within the limits of this con tinent. It must discharge itself In ad venture, In discovery, In enterprise without, as well as in effort within. It needs all this, moreover, as a school; .and through such course it can do more 'for the advancement of the human race than Imagination can now con (celve. It requires opportunity, effort, danger and sacrifice. If it must fight now and again, all the better. So, only, can a great people be made; so, only, maintained. It is not yet three -hundred years since our first colonists came to America, to contend for their lives 'with the dangers of a new settlement among savage foes. It is not much more than one hundred years since their successors pushed on into the Mississippi "Valley, to hold their ground against an exterminating warfare. It Is less than fifty years since our later ipipneers were pushing across the path less deserts of the further "West, to Oregon and California, in caravans that left a trail of bleaching bones to mark the way for those who were to follow them with railway surveys. Can it be supposed that the descendants of such a people have lost the Instinct of en terprise that calls for resourcefulness in difficulties, or the courage that courts hazardous undertaking and feels a joy in it? Here .to America Is the greatest reservoir of human energy now under the sun; and it cannot be denied an out let For If It can find an outlet in no other way, It may be expected to dis charge itself in anarchistic, socialistic and other destructive modes in Roman civil wars and French revolutions. These not such enterprises as those in the Philippines, against which our wise acres warn us are the conditions under which liberty perishes. Again, we have needed the conse quences of the Spanish "War to carry us out of our narrowness of view, out of our exclueiveness and self-sufficiency; wo have needed them to show us our place in the outer and larger world. The new position is destined to teach us the advantage and, indeed, the ne cessity of the freest commercial oppor tunities possible. We want foreign trade, and we can get it In ample meas ure only by freeing ourselves from re strictions so long maintained under the name of protection! which the new pol icy, under the very necessities of the case, will render obsolete. Even Mc Klnley saw there were to be no more McKInley tariffs. The public service, moreover. In these new places, will re quire administrative methods which will tend to produce, by example and by reflex- action, great changes In ad ministrative methods and in our civil service at home. Still further, outlying possesions will compel us, as nothing hitherto has done, to respect the opin ions, the manners and the interests of other nations. We shall take lessons in international civility; for we need them. The subject has vast range, and there are objects of highest interest at the end of and throughout every vista. He w.h6 cannot see that we are entering upon a new and momentous stage of our National evolution, that we cannot decline it, that we must accept It and guide It, lacks the breadth of view nec essary to the problems that are press ing upon ua The need is not of declam atory speeches about endangered lib erty, which are but empty and idle breath; for under American sovereignty liberty will need no champions. But there is demand for constructive states manship, with breadth of view, able to comprehend and to deal with the prob lems of the present and coming time. PRESHN'T STATUS OF IRRIGATION. There are two fundamental facts which must be recognized and recon ciled in settlement of the irrigation problem. One Is that capital will not enter upon the great undertakings which are essential to the reclamation of our arid lands unless it has a pretty clear prospect of making money out of them. The qther is that the interests of the people In the public domain must be conserved. No bill Is satisfactory that does not fit In with these two op posing principles. A bill that offers no encouragement to capital Is equal to no bill at all. One that does not protect the public lands from misappropriation is worse than none. We are apt to impute immoral pur poses to the custodians of land-seeking capital. So dearly do the people prize the public domain, partly because of Its fortuitous and accidental connection with our school system, that we ac count the moneyed land-seeker as little better than a common thief. It Is en durable that a man should desire the gold in the mines, or the timber in the forests, or even the fish in the streams, but if his prosperous and thrifty eye rests upon the expanse of fertile but un cultivated land, he is fit only for anath ema. Doubtless the cattle kings and the arid-land speculators are as moral on the- average as the rest of us, but this popular aversion has driven them into devious and unsavory ways. They must try to get by stealth that which Congress dare not give them openly. The lease law and the Senate irrigation bill are cases in point. The Oregon Republican state platform commends President Roosevelt's atti tude toward Irrigation, and approves Federal control of proposed operations In aid of the arid lands. It is well enough to understand what this position means, and what the President really stands for. This Is fully explained in Mr. Whelpley's letter printed on an other page this morning. The President Is determined to protect the lands from "grabbera" Therefore he wants the Senate bill amended so that lands like ly to be Irrigated can be withdrawn from purchase and reserved for settlers, and also amended so that settlers only, and not nominally different landowners only, can buy them. Anybody can see that If the lands are not reserved until the work is started they will already have been gobbled up by the syndl catea Everybody knows that a mere formal requirement that one landowner should get only 160 acres of land would be evaded into nullity as syndicates now circumvent the timber-land laws. It Is not a pleasant thought that these restrictive amendments might, if adopt ed, operate to retard many great irriga tion schemes now under full headway. The Oregonian would not seem to be, for it Is .far from being, Insensible to the great need of. this far Western coun try for developing capital on Its vast areas of land now waste and dry. Yet If it comes to an issue between water and honesty, we should unhesitatingly choose the latter. It Is Important to have this land redeemed; but It is more Important that the people's landed her itage shouia be protected. We have had enough of railroad-grant steals and timber-land steals and school-land scan dals and lieu-land frauds. Such land as remains, let it be honestly and pru dently cared for. The day will come when this land, now so cheap, will be held in estimation by the voters as a priceless heritage that was ruthlessly squandered by prodigal hands. Genera tions to come will remember Theodore Roosevelt for nothing with greater gratitude than for his activity on be half of Irrigation and his firmness In protecting the public domain from spo liation. EARTH ROADS. This Is the title of a bulletin just is sued by the Department of Agriculture at Washington. It opens with the statement that drainage is the key to success in making earth roads a state ment that every one's observation jus tifies; and that constant watchfulness is the sure means of keeping them up after they are once well made. Water Is destructive to any road, especially to a dirt road; therefore drainage that will at once carry away rainfall Is ab solutely necessary. Again, little breaks in the road may be made by rain or by a heavy, load at any time, and If not repaired immediately will grow into mud holes, especially In the Winter, and these mud holes easily and rapidly develop into an almost impassable mire. But frequent Inspection and a little work will keep the road In good condi tion, and with less cost than under or dinary methods. With good drainage established in building the road, and frequent Inspection to keep the drainage efficient, and to mend promptly small injuries to the surface, the earth roads of the United States could be main tained in a much higher state of use fulness than at present, and at consid erably lower cost. To any observation or thought all this is at once apparent. Again, in the loca tion of roads the leading object should be the avoidance of steep gradea Gen tle declivity will suffice for drainage, and heavy grades should be avoided for prevention of wash, since earth Is more easily dissolved and moved by action of water than any other road material. But, of course, the proper grade on any particular road must be determined by the conditions and re quirements existing on that road. But flat roads and steep roadB are alike to be avoided, wherever possible. It has been shown by accurate tests that a horse which can draw 1000 pounds on a rise of one foot In 100 feet can draw on a rise of one foot in ten feet only 250 pounds, and where the grade Is one foot In twenty-four he can draw only one-half as much as he can draw on a level road. The losses of energy and of effective ness on earth roads are enormous, but they can be much reduced by Intelligent care. Where It Is possible to avoid heavy grffdes roads should be relocated; but In general the problem of earth roads Is thorough drainage, as thorough as possible. This is especially true in cli mate and soli like those west of the Cascade Mountains. THE I.OXEIAT LIFE. The most interesting and Illuminative thing that has been written about the late John P. Altgeld is a short sketch from William F. Hinrlcheen, who was Secretary of State of Illinois when Mr. Altgeld was Governor. In It he throws a strange arid almost uncanny light upon the great -Democrat. Altgeld be longs. It appears. In the unenviable-, company of friendless men who lead comparatively lonely Uvea He had great force of character, he had excep tional Intellectual power. But w'lth all the gifts Nature had bestowed, she withheld one the talent of gaining sympathy and love. Men admired him, they traded and contracted with him in opinion, in business, in politics. But they didn't warm to him. This Is how Mr. Henrlchsen tells It: "Why," he said, "I never had a real friend in my life. All my so-called friends have been purchased. I have thought that there must be something about me that repels oth ers." Then he continued, sadly and bitterly: "It was so from my childhood. In school the boys all picked on me. No one of them ever thought of protecting me from abuae. It was the crowd on one side and John Peter Altgeld on the other, and It has always been the same. I see other men win apparently de voted friends through pure esteem, but my friends always fall when It comes to the test." It Is an impressive story, and not an uncommon one. There are many Alt gelds all around fcs men who live what we might almost call hermit lives. Everybody pronounces them cold, un sympathetic, proud, self-contained. We are apt to Imagine that their isolation is theirs from choice. In this we are apt to be mistaken. They who met Mr. Altgeld day by day and were repelled by something Nature had written on his face or put Into his voice, or fas tened inseparably upon his manner, doubtless thought the repulsion was of his purpose and to his liking. But one man who got beneath the surface, and to whom In an hour-of confidence the Governor opened his heart, found that it was not so. He grieved bitterly over his loneliness as an Infirmity. He would rather have had confidences and affection. If we could get beneath the surface of the lonely and repellent lives about us. this would doubtless be their general history. Their isolation may be splendid, but it is pitiful. Nobody knows how much they long for sym pathy, how they would gladly ex change their learning or their wealth or their brilliancy for that sincere af fection which hurries to its object for confidence and sympathy in every fresh experience of grief or Joy. There Is a refuge for the Isolated life. Though removed from the busy offices of affection, It need not be lonely. Governor Altgeld found It. When he needed comfort and sympathy he went to his books. He was a great reader, a great student, an acute and tireless 'thinker. No one need be lonely in a library. There, for his every variant mood, awaits him communion with "the mighty minds of old." There he can find companionship for his gayer moods and solace In the hour of gloom. The treachery of man, the cruelty of fickle Nature, are absent there. The message of cheer and Inspiration that comes from the world's best literature Is al ways there. It is undimmed by time, unaffected by poverty, steadfast even in disgrace and shame. The only man who is utterly and Irremediably lonely is he who can find no joy In the lives and thoughts of the great and good. NEW FIELD FOR OREGON FRUIT. It is not likely that the masses of Ori entals will soon take to buying Oregon fruit, but there can be no doubt that the larger cities of China and Japan promise to absorb quantities of fruit with other products of this country. This was pointed out by Consul H. B. Miller several months ago, and the ex periment of Industrial Agent Judson with a test shipment of Hood River ap ples tends to prove that a demand exists beyond the Pacific that It would be well for Oregon orchardlsts to meet. The cost of ocean transport is small some thing like 30 cents a box so that need not keep the Oregon producers from the Oriental market. The great trade fleld.of the Orient is to be developed In ways like thla Mere recognition of the fact that the teem ing millions of Asiatics have needs that may be supplied from this country will not establish channels of tradend open markets to our warea The field Is there, but the mechanism of trade we must provide. We must go forth and test the taste and capacity of the peo ple to buy and consume before those markets will become definite commer cial factora We have found that they will take large quantities ofwheat flour, and It Js said that corn meal Is received with such favor in the north of China that" our com belt may find there relief for any amount of "overproduction." They now appear willing to take our fruit, and they should be encouraged to do so. Intelligent tests will show that the Oriental markets will absorb many other of our productlona But the Orient will not be a dumping ground for inferior warej Excellence is demanded of whatever we introduce Into those markets. We are not reach ing the swarms that can hardly exercise choice as to what they will buy, but the commercial classes, who are in such cir cumstances that they can demand high quality and pay reasonably for it. Thus the articles that will find ready sale In Oriental markets are such as will com mand respect anywhere. The market beyond the Pacific is not to be valued because It will take what other markets would reject, but because It Is a new field, affording room for expansion; and it is the good fortune of Oregon to be so situated that It can to a great ex tent command that field. The virtues that will place Oregon fruits In the lead there will gain for them recognition elsewhere, but the circumstances of trade give us an advantage In the Or ient and relieve us measurably of the sharpness of competition experienced In other markets. By all means let us push Oregon fruit In the markets of the Orient. The Xiondcn Statist, in an article on the sugar conference at Brussels, com ments upon the fact that the consump tion ofsugar Is so light in the bounty paying countries. For example, Ger many Is the cheapest producer of all, and France and Austria are also cheap, yet the per capita consumption In France was but 12.67 kilos In 1900, 15,23 kilos In Germany, and In Austria only 8 kilos, as against 41.57 kilos in Great Britain. The reason Is that sugar Is high In the bounty-paying countriea and the Statist thinks the Brussels agreement. If ratified, will bring the price down everywhere. It Is estimated the Continent will produce for the year ending August 31 next 6,825,000 tons, an Increase of 756,000 tons over that of last year. The Statist esti mates the Cuban output at 800,000 tons, perhaps 900,000, as compared with 512,000 tons last year, while Porto Rico, Ha waii and the United States will also en large their output. The cane crop will probably be 3,600,000 tons, and with 900,000 tons carried over from last year will give a total supply of 11,325,000 tons for consumption In the current sugar year. The consumption last year was 8,735,000 tons, and as the average In crease Is but 300,000 tons per annum, the consumption this year should be 9,035,000 tons, leaving a surplus of 2,290, 000 tons, enough for a three months' world supply. The acreage will be largely Increased next year in order to get the advantage of bounties and kar tels which are to end in September, 1903. If the Brussels convention is ratified, the sugar year of 1904 will start with enormous accumulations. Hence there is nothing" left to do but reduce prices and lnprease consumption. If the Stat ist Is correct, there Is little rational sup port for the beet-sugar contention that Cuba will be relieved naturally in a year or two by advances in sugar prices. Since the Tlllman-McLaurln fracas many suggestions In regard to changing the Senate rules In order to prevent such unseemly outbreaks in the future have been brought forward, and the committee having the matter in charge Ib reported to have decided to recom mend the following regulations: No Senator In debate shall directly or Indi rectly, by any form of words. Impute to an other Senator any conduct or motive unworthy or unbecoming a. Senator. No Senator In debate shall utter any re proach upon the character or history of any state of the Union. The Philadelphia Bulletin pointedly suggests that It might be a gain If the tone of lofty politeness which these amendments suggest could be main tained in political debate, but nobody who knows anything about the history of the Senate will believe that they could be consistently enforced. In the heat of discussion Senators are just as likely as other people to say sharp things about each other, and, although charges of fraudulent practice or cor rupt motives, unless clear proof of their truthfulness is presented, are rightfully under the ban of parliamentary law. It Is unreasonable to suppose that debate over vexed Issues can be always con ducted with punctilious and ceremo nious courtesy. The Bulletin seems about right also when It observes that there are a good many evils In current political life much worse than plain talk In Congress. If the Senate sticks to the rules It now has, and enforces them with a rational degree of strictness. It will do all that Is necessary In this re spect. According to the latest statement is sued by the Treasury Bureau of Statis tics, the manufacturers of this country are now importing more than 11,000,000 worth of materials for their shops every day in the year, and are exporting more than $1,000,000 worth of their finished products each day. The imports of manufacturers' materials in the eight months ended with February, 1902, were valued at $270,202,774, and the exports of finished manufactures in the same period were $257,907,430. This is at the rate of over $330,000,000 a year. It will be seen from the following table cov ering the eight months ended with Feb ruary each year that both our imports of manufacturers' materials and our ex ports of manufactures have more than doubled in less than a decade: Eight months . Imports of Exports ended with manufacturers' of manu- February. materials. factures. J8&4..'. t.. $130,171,760 J123.2SS.257 1605 160.8C3.576 116.823,000 1806 221.875,753 144,062.141 1807 150.533.502 174.180.020 160S 178.611.800 180.600.072 1800 170.050,002 206.S22.334 1000 233,231,318 268.537.072 1001 213,077.923 260.660.030 1002 270,202,714 257.007,430 The moral of these figures Is the bur den which tariffs on raw or partly manufactured materials imposes upon our Industry. The., trust-promoters think they are entitled to bouquets for having earned dividends In the present active state of the steel and allied Industries. ( This Is on the basis of full orders and high prlcea How will it be when the con ditions change and purchases stop? Then we may be sure of one thing, and that is the tremendous strain to which their enormous capitalization will be subject. If It survives, it will be a mir acle. It Is rather reassuring than otherwise to learn that a "nigger in the woodpile" is strongly suspected in connection with the proposed Philippine sliver bill. To believe otherwise would be to asperse the cunning of our silvern statesmen, who have never lost a chance to work the Government for some underhand advantage. Now Nicaragua is inclined to get gay about canal concessions. It looks as if we shall have as much trouble 'with these Latin republics as we have had with the railroad attorneys sitting In Congress. Perhaps the loSby and the boodle have been transferred thither. The House Republicans will try to escape the odium of the subsidy bill by postponing it till after election. This is presuming upon a low staridard of popular acumen. They would far bet ter call It up and vote it down. THE WHITE MAN'S BORDEN. When Henry Watterson went to Wash ington to tho Virginia Society dinner, he left behind this article for the Courier Journal, which will show how much of air anti-imperialist the great Kentucklan is. The piece Is a fine exhibit of the vision and spirit that are today bringing the waste places of the world under effi cient rule. .The Courier-Journal -says: "The Government of India, writes Mr. Meredith Townsend In his latest work. 'Asia and Europe,' Is 'a structure built on nothing, without foundation. Banish those 1500 men In black, defeat tho slen der garrison in red, and tho empire is ended.' "But Is it? "Ee proceeds to say that after the English have been ovicted 'India will be reduced to the condition in which we found her life will again bo raado inter esting as of old by incessant wars. In vasions and struggles for personal ascendency. The railways . . . will bo torn up, the universities will be scouted by military rulers, the population will begin to decrease, and. In short, one word expresses it all, India will once more be Asiatic' "But will it? "For years the author of those lines has lived in India and, naturally and properly, his words have weight in Eng land. This prophecy, however. Is being met with skepticism. He cites tho dis tances from the mother country. His critics point to the Suez Canal. Ho men tions the Mutiny of 1S57. They recall that It failed. And they follow with other Im portant arguments: "Now thcro are 23,444 miles of railway running through India. "There are telegraph lines to every corner of tho peninsula. "Steamers have so Increased In speed and numbers that the government could more easily place 200,000 white troops in India In 1302 than it could 20.000 in 1S57. "The organization of the empire Is vastly Improved. "The English troops would be equip ped with modern - artillery, while the natives would not have even the obso lete guns of the former uprising. "To these, a writer In the Monthly Re view adds this forceful paragraph: Now. even supposing the mother country bad become so effete as to allow such a catastrophe, and that the great young nations of Australia and Canada would look with Indifference on so deplorable an ending to all the efforts which we who spend our Uvea In trying to rule India Justly have made. Is It likely that Russia and Germany, and France and America would stand by and see that great market go to ruin from which they require so much of the necessaries of civilization? The world In general has need of what India can produce ... and will in sist that great rich spaces of the earth's sur face like India . . . shall be kept under those conditions which moat conduce to efficient production. "Thus Just, as tho saying has it. that all roads lead to Rome, the modern po litical argument leads to Markets. In India's caae. It is her markets that will keep her under tho beneficent rule of civilization there are those who will say, rather, helpless subjection. But In dolence and ignorance controlled by an enlightened people must needs be nutured Into thrift and knowledge and so add to the world's blessings. Until England entered this rich field. It might bo said that India, to paraphrase Goldsmith's line, was a land Where men accumulated and wealth decay'd. "Now, while men may be still accu mulating, her wealth is traversing all the seas, and there Is no danger of her lapsing ever Into anarchy. Let England loose her grasp which she will hardly do and there will bo a scramble for In dia's markets. She lies in the very road of commercial progress, which Is travel ing fast In Asia. Every day sees Euro pean and American influence and trade spread further over that continent. To day, out of a total population of 844.000, 000, no less than 344.000.000 are under Euro pean control, 250,000,000 having been ab sorbed during the last century. And with the expansion of this trade will go tho benefits of education, justice, hygiene and morality. For God stored the earth with his riches and made the soil yield his fruit for the use of the human raco, and the traffic in these gifts is the surest bearer of civilization, despite the impu tations that it Is sordid and base in mo tive. It Is this traffic this search for markets that, through the British, will upbuild South Africa; that, through the United States, will regenerate Hawaii and the Philippines; that, through these and other nations, will scatter the dark ness in China. It Is this that but re cently has brought Japan Into the fore ground as ono of the world's progressive powers. Its effect Is apparent In China, for only a few days ago the dispatches told that the Pekin Court Intended send ing individual Ministers and Ambassa dors to countries heretofore slighted. China wants to Join the fellowship of tho nations. ' "Whllo markets sometimes may follow only the cannon-ball, civilization ac companies tho markets. So It may be reasoned that India, notwithstanding pessimistic prophets. Is apt to grow In civilization day by day for a long while." A POINTED STATE3IENT. How Long 3Inst One Vote the Repub lican Ticket Before He Become a Republican? PORTLAND. Arrll 5. (To tho Editor.) I desire to know for what length of time a man has to vote the Republican ticket before ha becomes a Republican. It Is the custom of the Methodists to receive members upon probation, and at the end Of six months. If they prove worthy, they are taken into full membership, but it seems that this does not apply to the G. O. P. I was led to make this Inquiry by hearing a gentleman, who was a Republican because his father was one, say that he would not vote for Mr. 'Furnish for Governor because he was a Democrat that he preferred to vote for a Democrat who was running upon a Demo cratic ticket. The writer is In the same position, -politically, as Mr. Furnish. In 1300. with Mr. Fur nish, I abandoned the Democratic party on account of Bryan and Bryanism, and ever since then, have voted the Republican ticket and worked for the success of the Republican party. How much longer will It take me to be a full-fledsed Republican than it will those who left the Republican party In 1800 and voted for Bryan, and are now trying to sneak back Intp the party 7 And, again. Is It not true that these Demo crats who first voted the Republican ticket In 1800, and have been voting the same ever since, did- greater service to the party then, and are still doing better work for the party than many of those who have been voting the ticket from the time of Lincoln, and who now refuse to support Mr. Furnish by reason of his recent attachment to the party? C A. C. Death the Leveler. James Shirley. The glories of blood and state Are shadows, not substantial things; There Is no armor against fate; Death lays his Icy hand on kings; Scepter and crown Must tumble down. And In the dust be equal made With the poor crooked scythe and spade. Some men with swords may reap the field. And plant fresh laurels where they kill; But their strong nerves at last must yield; They tame but one another still: Early or late They stoop to fate. And must give up their murmuring breath "When they, pale captives, creep to death. The garlands wither on your brow; Then boast no more your mighty deeds; Upon Death's purple altar now See where the victor-victim bleeds: Tour heads must come To the cold tomb; Only the actions of the Just Smell sweet, and blossom in their dust. VOTING MACHINES IN DEMAND. St Paul Pioneer Press. The County Commissioners seem to be taking hold of the propceltion to intro duce voting machines In a business-like way. Though the practicability of these labor-saving, time-saving and accurate de vices has long been a matter of general knowledge, and though their installation has been urged in the press of the two cities for several years, this is, bo believe, the first time any steps have been taken in this state to take advantage of the law authorizing their use. They have been subjected to thorough tests, and there Is no room for doubt either as to the sim plicity of their operation, their accuracy or their great economy. For four years ma chines have been used In Rochester, a city of the same size as St. Paul, and for three, yeare In Buffalo, a city Just twice the size of St. Paul. During 1901 in New York State alone machines were in use in 74 towns and cities, and from not one of them were there any complaints. Massa chusetts artd Connecticut towns and cities have also tried voting devices with results Just as satisfactory, and throughout the Northern States cities are equipping them selves. St. Paul will be put in the old foggy class if it does not join the pro cession within a year or two. The virtues of machine-voting we have often catalogued. Absolute and unim peachable accuracy in the count, obviat ing all necessity of contests; promptness In making known the results, with a con sequent saving In labor, and tho preven tion of a voter's spoiling his ballot are some of tho immediate advantages of au tomatic ballot machines. The accuracy of the count of course dep6nds on the mechanism, but that Is so easily determin able beforehand by any one skilled in practical mechanics and has been tested so many hundreds of times that It may be taken for granted. As to promptness, the contrast between the old and new systems was illustrated in the last Fall election, when 103 of the 10a precincts In Buffalo had reported their complete re turns at the City Hall within 35 minutes of the dosing of the polls. The result was known In St. Paul within an hour after the last ballot was cast. But tha Important point next to the ac curacy of the count Is the economy of the system. Buffalo with 350.000 people and an area of 40 square miles found only 105 machines sufficient, making it probable that St. Paul, with 170.000 people and an area of 55 square miles, could get along with SO machines and perhaps less. Ma chines, however, would do away with the need of three clerks at general elections and two clerks at city elections at $12 per clerk. They would also lessen the work of Judges sufficiently to Justify the reduc tion of their compensation. Machines, moreover, wpuld do away with the cost of printing ballots. In other words, for a single final election, even If as many as 0 machines were found necessary, the savins: this Fall would be $9250. and in a Spring election would be almost JSCOO making about $17,000 saved In one election year, not counting what could bo saved on primary elections or the printing of ballots and other expenses not covered in the above calculations. As SO machines of the type most generally used in 'New Tork would cost $500 apiece, the machines would almost pay for thomselves In two election years. As tho company control ling these maohines offers to take pay ments in installments equal to the amounts saved annually by their use, it will practically cost nothing to Install them. Furthermore, It Is not to be lost eight of that the city' and county will be put to great expense in the near future, owing to the fact that the ballot boxes are fall ing to pieces with age, and must be re placed. A voting machine, owing to a 90 day notice clause In tho law, cannot be officially tested In St. Paul this Spring, bdt one or more ought to be in place by the middle of September, to be tested at the Fall primaries. This, however, presup poses such prompt action by the new Council that It is probable that a test cannot be made until next November. Bo far as experience goes it would be safe enough for the city to equip itself with a score of machines of certain types, pro vided they are adapted to tho primary election. It would not do to forego the advantages of direct primaries. But tho Pioneer Press Is Informed that most of the machines can bo arranged to meet the slightly different requirements of the primary. The point is raised merely as one that tho County Commissioners and the Council should bear in' mind in its Investigations. 9 SAVINGS BANK'S GROWTH. There Are Now 6,400,000 Depositors In These Institutions. New York Sun. In the aggregate wealth and the Indi vidual resources, of the people of the United States, in) enlarged foreign mar kets for American goods and aereals, In building operations, in the extension of railroad mileage, In bank clearances and all Items -of commerce, there has been an enormous Increase In the United States in the past six years, but in no other respect perhaps has the country's growth in wealth been so conspicuously shown as the increase in the number of savings bank depositors and of their aggregate deposits. Five years ago there were 6,200,000 savings-bank depositors In the United States; now there are 6,400,000, an in crease of 1,200,000, or at the rate of nearly a quarter of a million a year. Five years ago the amount oir deposit In tho savings banka of the United States was $1,940,000,000; It is now $2,640, 000.000. an Increase of $700,000,000 In five years, or at the rate of $140,000,000 a year. The State of New York has, of course, the largest number of savings-bank de positors, but In comparison with the total population Massachusetts 13 ahead of it New York has 2,100,000 deposi tors; Massachusetts ha3 1.500.000. Connecticut, a very small state, has 400,000 savings-bank depositors, 50,000 more than Pennsylvania, one of the larg est and most prosperous of the states, but ono In which, for some reason, not much favor is given to this form of In vestment. Illinois has 260.000 savings-bank deposi tors and Iowa 203,000. but Indiana has only 2000 and "Wisconsin only 3CO0. Among Southern states. South Caro lina stdnds first in the number of its savings-bank depositors, the increase having been very marked since South Carolina embarked In the line of manu facture. There are relatively very few savings-bank depositors In Texas, and an unusually large number In Maryland for so small a state. Malno has a very large, and "West Virginia a very small number, and New Jersey, with a population of 1,183.000, has more than 200,000 savings banks depositors. Talked to Dentlt. New York Tribune. The Constitutional Convention In Vir ginia has lasted so long and listened to so much oratory that expert diagno sticians now predict that every practi cal suggestion Is menaced with the dan ger of being talked to death. Rhetoric of the Bryan vintage floods of words without the Attic salt of common sense have spoiled counsel often, and over whelmed tho well considered prefer ences of the Judicious and the prudent. Tlie Secret. George Edward Woodberry. Nightingales warble about It. All night under blossom and star; The wild swan Is dying without it. And the eagle cryeth afar; The-sun he doth mount but to find It, Searching the green earth o'er; But more doth a man's heart mind It, Oh, more, more, more! Over the gray leagues of ocean The Infinite yearneth alone; The forests with wandering emotion The thing they know not Intone; Creation arose but to see It, A million lamps in the blue; But a lover he shall be It If one sweet maid Is true. NQTS AND COMMENT, France Is having an election. Kentucky would better trush up her laurels. This much I know cf weather lore, It 13 always vsry plain. That the gentle -ule of tho Queen of the May Is better than April's reign. It looks as If we should have to pro- Rvlde board and lodging for royalty until the panel of. princes is exhausted. The tumult nnd the shouting dies. But those who mere excitement seek "We most respectfully advise The Democrats convene this week. Captain Coghlan has been restored to his lost rank, but he is nqt celebrating it by singing "Hoch der Kaiser." How little doth propriety The brewer base Imbue "Who handeth us the brown bock beer Two weeks before It's due. Miss Stone Is going on the lecture plat form. Poetic justice would suggest that the brigands be forced to attend her en tire series. The rain Is nat so surely brought By prayer of any saint As by the man who foolishly Essays his house to paint. After all that was said of Rhodes he only left a paltry $25,000,000. J. P. Morgan has to have tha t much as first payment on a retainer. Now doth the smiling candidate Dispense the best of cheer. And otherwise cause us to wish That he was always here. The bunco steerers seem Intent on re maining until election day. They evident ly do not want to waste the efforts they spent in getting registered. If it were not for Alfred Austin King j Edward would be looking forward to the coronation with unmixed pleasure. Still, Austin is not no bad. He might bo writ ing historical novels. A London ps.per the other day received from a would-be correspondent on tho Con tinent the following specimen of his work, entitled "Walker Upon "Water"; "Captain Otto Grossmann, the eminent inventor of tho shoes to walk upon the water, de scendet the Danube from Klosterneuberg till Vienna. Hj was welcomed by a shout ing crowd. He proceeded with great calm and extreme surety and was drawing af ter him a Httlti boat with inside his wife." An estimable woman of Milwaukee la an earnest member of a local German class, but her method of pronouncing some of the words, at least in one spe cific instance, aroused the mirth of her companions. At a recent meeting of the class, ono of the questions in the day's exercise was: "Are you not glad that you aro able to learn German?" This query was In tho foreign language, and the answer was: "Ja; gewiss." meaning, "Yes, certainly." It so happened that this particular woman was espied up to read the question, and answer. She get, through the question fill right, but convulsed the class by reading the answer this way: "Ya; ge whizl" One day soon after Agulnaldo's capture and arrival at Manila General MacArthur decided to go to see him and find if ho was being rightly treated. At the close of tho visit the General asked Agulnaldo If there was anything he would like to have, whether papers, magazines, ciothes, cigars or other articles. But the prisoner shook his head. He said that there was nothing at all that he wanted. Just as the General was about to close the door Agulnaldo's face suddenly bright ened, and the look In his eyes showed that he was trying to remember some name. "What is it?" said General MacArthur. "There Is Jiwt one thing in the world I, want." said Agulnaldo, "If you can only get It for me. I have had It but once In xay life, and that was at Hong Kong. They said it was an American thing, and that all Americans had It. It Is Ice cream!" he eald with great enthusiasm. Sold For Three Dollars. Galveston News. A story Is told of Goorge, a sable waiter who used to wait on Governor Hogg in Beaumont, when he went to a certain restaurant. Each day at din ner George would receive from tho Gov ernor his tip, $1. George reveled In wealth. He was the envied of all the other waiters. He was tho happy pos sessor of a "good thing." One day when the Governor entered the dining room a strange darky stood behind his. chair. "Wheie's George?" asked the Governor, brusquely. The now waiter bowed low. "Iso youah waitah now, sah," he eald softly. "But Where's George?" again asked the Governor. Again his new retainer assured him: "Iae youah waitah now." The Governor looked up from his paper sharply. He was somewhat mystified, and with in creasing emphasis demanded to know where Georgo was, anyhow. "Well, you see, sah," began :.the mewcomer with some hesitation, "'Gawge and I was out las night playing craps. Gawge went broke; I won his pile. Then" here .his voice dropped lower and his manner con fidential "he put you up agin $3 and I won. So Ise youah waitah." i Some Thincs "Worse Than War. Boston Herald. That there are some things wor9& than war is further demonstrated by Mr. Moody's remark that wo have, saved In a single year in Cuba more lives from death by pestilence than were lost on both sides In the conflict with Spain. A rather strik ing fact. that. PEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS Uncle William Yes. Willie; I hava had my nose to the grindstone all my life. Winie Is that what made It so red, uncle? Philadelphia Kecord. Fond Mother (to teacher) Don't you thlnlc my boy is bound to make his mark? Teacher I am afraid so. It seems impossible for him to learn to write. Tit-Bits. At the Histcrlcal-Novet Flay. He I sup pose, before seeing one of these play, oaa should read th book. She Tes. Then, la some cases, one might avoid the play. Puck. Near When Needed. "That was an Ideal cours the Automobile Club selected for Its race.' "Think 10?" "Tes; there was a black emlth shop and a pharmacy every halt mile." Chicago Dally News. Too Democratic "They've given up the Au thors Club." "Why?" "Everybody who had written a historical novel was eligible, 'and they found it wasn't going to be exclusive enough." Detroit Free Press. Instructor In what respect did the four teenth and nineteenth centuries resemble each other? De Grees The nineteenth century re sembled the fourteenth In that both Were 100 years long. Harvard Lampoon. No Real Danger. Clara Bob Preston has proposed to me. and I really don't know how to refuse him. I hate. to break the poor boy's heart. Amy Oh, don't worry about that. I refused him twice last week, and he seems to be getting along. Chicago Record-Herald. Smlthson (the celebrated poet, novelist, play wright, etc.) B at. my dear young lady, I real ly don't understand you. I haven't been wln nirg any ping-jtong tournament. I don't play. Miss Brown Oh, but surely I heard our host ess say you were the Mr. Smlthson. Punch. Impossible. "Of all the clumsy brutes," cried Mrs. Pettloh. at the crowded reception, "that man's the worst." " 'Sht" said her hus band, "that's a detective." "I don't care. Ho stepped on my trail and" "Nonsense! He never got on anybody's trail In his life." Philadelphia Press.