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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 1, 1901)
Portland, Oregop. . ... iCA. fre 'aV M 4 a ' o nttrt ' 'S : :.' s. SECOND SECTION PAGES13T0 24 o - II tfe VOL. XL. " ZZZZIIZZZIZZZZZZIZIZZZIIIZ ' ' " " - ;f f t'l & m Fn"" mfiwiiMTm:itC?iiiiiii'iii)ai I ii iiiiiim ihii. niirrwTatftiBMaMii'iiitu i iihititoiii m nwmmmmem BrZ3oMkil m WOP FIELDS OP TH& WlLLA Mattel, VAt,u,v 4C2 J. 4 i3ft- A '1 ?r a S fitfT) f JuP,,MCAr)U& JrATTe-AJ in. tKe.Divejrsity' cy its Oregon the G m5 O STATE In tho Union Is bo rich In resources as Oregon. The forest wealth Is nearly 235.000,000,000 feet of the finest timber hard and soft woods offering unparalleled Inducements to lumber and furniture manufacture. Both east and west of the Cascades are mines of sold, copper, silver, lead and other metals. Every bay and the prin cipal rivers abound in flsh. "Well-defined deposits of iron ore await the coming of capital. Southwestern Ore gon has large coal bodies that have been producing for years, and the northwest ern and northeastern' parts of the state have coal that may yet be mined at a profit. In all parts of the state there are thousands of acres to be had at reasonable prices for further develop ment in agriculture, horticulture and dairying. All these Industries have shown marked improvement in recent years. Timber lands have been in act ive demand for three years, and nearly all that are available have been taken up with a view to use In the near fu ture. Oregon Is now recognized as a mining state, and the Eastern Oregon, Bohemia and Southern Oregon districts are Quite as well known In the East and Europo as Cripple Creek. Capital no longer has to bo coaxed; it comes here seeking investment. Agriculture is taking on diversified form, and dairy ing has come to help and replenish the wheat-exhausted soil of the "Willamette Valley. Horticulture Is getting down, to a scientific basts. "What alia Oregon is that it does not make enough commodities for Its own use. It sends -jJjvtJS&XT11 ifrear to. the Mlddlo "West for bacon, hams and lard, when It need not waste a dollar away for pork products. Likewise t buys furniture from the East made of ma terial which was originally cut in the home forests. And so with wool, which Is shipped out in the crude Btate and comes back as high-grade clothing. Coal Is Imported from British Columbia, Puget Sound, and even Australia, though Coos Bay could supply the home market If it had adequate trans portation facilities. Another circumstance that checks Oregon's growth Is the Isolation of large, rich and productive areas. Under this heading may be included the Coun ties of Columbia, Coos, Crook, Curry, Grant, Harney, Klamath, Lake, Tilla mook 'and "Wallowa. In 10 years these 10 counties gained 94S5 people. Had they adequate transportation facilities, they would have gained from 35,000 to 50,000. Columbia has a railroad skirt ing the river bank,-but It does not tap tho fertile Nehalem country. Coos ahd Curry, - an , empire In themselves, aro hidden In Southwestern Oregon, and are forced to depend upon the sea and upon stage routes. Coos -gained 1450 people In 10 years, and Curry 159. Til lamook Is In about the same situation as Coos and Curry. Its population In creased 1549.- Crook gained 742, but it might have done better, had It not taken so long to discover that the small farm Is better than the big stock ranch. Grant Increased its population by SG6, the majority of whom have doubtless come in with the mining rush. Gijant has stood by stock, principally because there was" no profit In producing other commodities for outside markets at pre vailing transportation charges. It is destined to be an agricultural county. Given a railroad, the John Day Val ley will, with irrigation, make the "Wil lamette Valley look to Its laurels. Har ney, pent up in Southeastern Oregon, gained 37 people In 10 years. Lake and Klamath. Its near neighbors, gained 243 and 1526, respectively. Wallowa, shut up In Northeastern Oregon, gained 1S77. The resources of these isolated commu nities are now well known, and plans are on foot to "open them up" and give M them better facilities for marketing their products. Columbia, Coos, Curry and Tillamook can be made to Oregon what Gray's and Wlllapa Harbors are to "Washington, and Crook, Grant, Har ney, Klamath, I .ike and "Wallowa are the making of another Big Bend. The essential for extensive manufac turing enterprise Is a large and perma nent fuel supply. This is an Important question n California as well as In Oregon. In California the Imported coal even that which comes as ballast has always been so costly as to Interfere with and check the growth of manu facturing Industries. Pretty nearly every foot of land in the vicinity of Portland, both In Oregon and In "Wash MMB-Mftftriaaba y jststj N iiil I i i WJIb I " I in III ill in i 'I Mlii i HTii Hi ' III II ill ' 'In m an i nli,- in l km-F a mmMvrwMmm .. . . ir W", " l ymaK. &k ''jr frr.'vaaey- y HrltfGfSt.i ffgyja'tt' TT fmtTifi2-u-? if: J! -"' 1: '1: " ia jtMitTi --TMriJi - "-nww ASa: j. - - . " - .. ;. -.t: . ..... .nrv fc - ..: :rii mm . A v,'c x j. PORTLAND,- OREGON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 1, 1901. rent States ington, has been prospected the past year for coal. Several beds have been discovered, but the quality of the coal remains to be finally determined. In California the fuel problem, It -would -appear, has been practically solved by the oil discoveries. The oil, so far as", tests have gone. Is better for fuel than for Illumination. In Southern Califor nia, says the Engineering and Mining Journal, "oil can now be supplied at a price which makes Its cost to tho consumer much lower than coal, when the relative fuel values and the prices of coal are considered." "What effect this oil fuel will have on manufactur ing enterprise in Oregon depends upon its cost to the Oregon consumer. Of course, the best thing for Oregon would be a fuel supply of its own, and for such men interested 'in the industrial welfare of the state are looking. BAKER COUNTY has a greater vari ety of resources than any other county In the state. No other sec tion offers so good an opening for min ing, lumbering, farming, stockraising and dairying. While these Industries are extensively carried on, they are as yet in tl.e incipient stage. The principal valleys are Powder River, Burnt River, Upper Burnt River, Sumpter and Rye, In most of which placer mining Is car ried on to some extent, together with farming and stockraising. They vary In elevation from 3000 to 4000 feet. Burnt River Valley, in the southwestern part' of the county, Is about 45 miles long, and from a few rods to two miles wide. Burnt, Connor Creek and Snake River Valleys are not so elevated as other sections of the county. They are the principal fruitgrowing districts. Sump ter Valley Is 10 miles long, and from one to two miles wide. On account of its great elevation, fruit and grain are not so successfully cultivated as In other sections, but hay Is produced in abundance. Large bodies of valuable timber surround the valley, and lum bering Is an Important Industry. Stock raising and dairying are carried on. The two Powder River Valleys are each about 23 miles long, varying from two to 20 miles In width. They contain very rich soil, and are the principal farming and stockraising districts of the county. A large portion of the two Powder Riv er Valleys, as well as most of the other valleys, contain wild sagebrush lands, which irrigation would make pro ductive. Distribution of the 'water sup ply, which Is abundant, could be accom plished by means of large reservoirs, for which the county is well adapted by nature, and by the construction of" extensive Irrigation canals. BENTON COUNTY -has a most de sirable climate, by reason of Its physical situation. An elevation ' averaging from 400 to 500 feet, a gen eral eastern exposure, as the land slopes from the Coast Range, the tem perature never rises above 100 deg. In Summer and seldom falls below 23 above zero in "Winter. The average tempera ture for the year Is about 50 deg. The eastern jart of the county, extending back from the "Willamette River all the way from 3 to 10 miles, is nearly level; thence westward it is hilly, but can be cultivated. There is no part that Is not well watered, and along the stieams In the vallevs between tha hills the land Is unexcelled for farmlrg and grazing. The land Is put to that use for which it Is best adapted, and for that reason the principal Indus tries are agriculture, horticulture, stockraising and dairying. Some lum ber Is cut. The county is well provided with transportation facilities. CLACKAMAS COUNTY'S area is about one-third cultivable, the re mainder being wooded and moun ' tain regions, valuable for timber and pasturage. Tho farming lands' are of great variety of soil and richness. The Willamette River runs through the county, affording excellent transporta tion facilities at minimum ratesfand serving at the same time to regulate railroad charges. In Portland the pro ducers of Clackamas County have an unlimited market. One-half of the farmers can drive to Portland, do their trading and return home the same day. Ten years ago horticulture was taken up In earnest, and in a few years It will be the principal industry. The soli, Where there is good natural drainage, is adapted to pruricgrowlng. Clacka mas Is a clover county, and therefore offers .unexcelled Inducements to dairy g ,-?.".! I I II II llll M IIMM IIIIIMMIIII IIIIIIM1MII mil -wm wLm FiT..w niwmiwniiwi i hip npw mwiih.i i .nwin w t.n i.jhbu i wwii, luiw tmmmemKesmwegimmmmiBmKmimt.tJK'uamiumu, " - - y ,''. ci '. ' ' ON Qfi&OOd PLAJN5 FO& -cASTc'R Supreme ing. Hops, lumber -and stock supple ment agriculture, and there are min eral deposits which could be developed. Clackamas County Is an empire In It self, and could support 500,000 people without crowding. CLATSOP COUNTY is not excelled In wealth and diversity of natural resources . by any region of like area in the Northwest, Fishing, by rea-' son of the amount of capital invested in it. Is the principal industry. In 30 years it has brought In a gross reve nue of about $75,000,000. Next in point of value are the timber .resources. There are over 600,000 acres of forest, mostly Oregon pine. There are in sev eral parts of the county several coal veins thick enough to prove profitable, and of a character believed to be mer chantable, but development of them proceeds slowly. Near Astoria are large deposits of pottery clay off a ' quality suitable for the manufacture of drain pipes and earthenware. Dairy ing promises to become an Important Industry. COLIMBIA COUNTY contains 693 rquaro miles, of- which 552 square miles arc- covered with 27,700 feet, board measure, to the acre. Agriculture is slow of development, as the big trees must be cleared away before farming begins. Along the waterways and the railroad dairies flourish. A large number of skimming stations and creameries have been established, not ably In the upper end of the county along the Columbia River and Wil lamette Slough. Dairy producta find ready market at low cost, as there Is access to Portland both by river and rail. Here the horticulturist finds soil and climate In which fruit and nut bearing trees, except those peculiar to the tropics, grow to perfection. Min eral development has hardly begun. The Nehalem coal fields and iron moun tains are inexhaustible, but the qual ity of the products remains to be set tled. Railroads would make Columbia one of the most productive of Oregon counties. These apparently are not far off COOS COUNTY, with 13,000,000,000 feet of merchantable timber. In solid bodies, standing oer Ave and six feet of lignite coal; agricul ture that sows little and reaps much; a climate which stands first for even ness of its temperature; a harbor with the deepest entrance between San Fran cisco and the Columbia River offers ' great inducements to tho homeseeker. One-half the area of the county is a forest of fir, cedar, spruce and hem lock. The coal is in many respects su perior in quality and quantity to any found on the Pacific Coast. The depos its are nearly continuous and unbroken in their linear courses. The valleys and river bottoms are fertile to a high degree. Potatoes yield as high as 600 bushels to the acre. Fruit of all kinds grows well and there Is no better re gion In Oregon for dairying and bee culture. Coos county's isolation from the remainder of Oregon, and its de pendence upon the sea and the stage for communication with the world, re tard its development, but a brighter day is dawning for it. CROOK COUNTY will be benefited by Irrigation. The county's rough, broken surface, with large areas of what Is called waste land, seem to make It essentially a stock-raising county. Through the agency of irriga tion much of the sage lands will be re claimed, and hay, grain and vegetable growth will be added to the stockrais ing and stockfeedlng facilities. Where irrigation is feasible, the sage lands yield abundant crops of alfalfa and grain, the third crop of the former not being uncommon. Vegetables thrive and fruit is successfully grown In the northern and central sections of the county. Mining is carried on. CURRY COUNTY'S topography is mountainous, with numerous pla teaus of various sizes and eleva tions, covered with forests or brush. On all the streams rich bottom lands abound. These were located by the first settlers, and form the backbone of the agricultural wealth of the county, though there are many mountain ranches which dispute the superiority of the alluvials. The largest body of arid land has a triangular shape, with Its apex at Port Orford, and its base Respurc QtheWest extending Into Coos County. It Is an old ocean bed raised up, with an old beach, rich In gold, skirting the foot hills. Quartz and placer gold Is found In all sections. There are rich copper deposits at tho mouth of Rogue River. Borate of lime Is extensively mined on the coast near, Chetco. Chrome and coal are found. Dairying Is the chief occupation of those, who live adjacent .to the coast. Livestock is an impor tant Industry. As a fruit region Curry will compare favorably with any sec tion of the state. The salmon fisheries and lumber are very valuable. DOUGLAS COUNTY 13 one of Ore gon's garden spots. The general character of the soli In the val leys Is alluvial, deep, rich and produc tive of grain, grasses, vegetables of every variety common to the temperate zone. The county Is peculiarly adapted to stockraising from the fact that do mestic animals, -except cows and work horsey, pick up their own living In the open air, the year round. The county has nearly 24,000,000,000 feet of standing timber. In the valleys and foothills oak Is the dominant species. The Cas cade and Coast Ranges are vast for ests of fir, pine and cedar. Large tim bered areas are adjacent to the Ump qua and Its tributaries. Douglas County has both quartz and placer gold mines. GILLIAM COUNTY Is one of the small counties of Oregon in point of area, but It Is a land of big things In all other respects. Stock, grain, hay, vegetables, are raised. The contour of the county varies from tho alluvial bottom lands lying along the streams to the equally fertile table lands of the higher altitudes. The al luvial lands are perfectly adapted to fruit and Vegetables, while the . high lands yield bountiful harvests of cere als. Not many years ago stockraising overshadowed farming. It was then thought that the land could not be cultivated, but experiment proved oth erwise, and now the farmer is King. GRANT COUNTY is mountainous, but It has a number of fertile val leys, the chief of which Is the John Day. Stockraising Is the princi pal Industry. John Day Valley is 60 miles long, and averages 12 miles In width. The soil is a sandy loam, a good retainer of heat at night. Irrigation would transform the valley Into one of the "most productive sections of Oregon. Half the land qf Bear Valley is va cant, and stockmen own much of the other half. Agricultural development Is limited. Logan Valley Is principally owned by stockmen and utilized as a Summer pasture. Silvle's Valley Is a - Fall pasture for the same stockmen who control Logan Valley. Fox Val ley, ' 20 miles north of Canyon City, raises grain, vegetables and stock, and ships butter and 'cheese. " The Long Creek country is principally table land. It produces good crops of grain without irrigation. Grant County Is one of Oregon's great mining sections. Thousands of locations have been made In the. past three years. T t ARNEY- COUNTY has rolling hills, II chains, and consequently several deep canyons, lofty mountain varieties of climate. Timber of fine quality covers the mountain sides. Fir, tamarack, yellow and bull pine pre dominate. On the lower knobs Juniper and mountain mahogany are plentiful. The spll along the river and creek bot toms Is a mixture of vegetable mold and sediment. It produces a variety of natural grasses bluejolnt, sugar grass and redtop which make fine hay. The upland Is thickly and firmly set with a hardy growth of bunchgrass, afford ing both Summer and Winter range. Cereals grow nearly everywhere, but are at their best alons the streams where the water can be diverted for irrigation. Wheat runs from 30 to 75 bushels to the acre, and one field near Burns yielded 78 bushels per acre of merchantable wheat In 1897. Orchard products are free from insect pests. The soil Is believed to be adapted to the cultivation of sugar beets. JACKSON COUNTY Is the acknowl edged center of the most delight ful climatic belt on the Pacific Coast a golden mean between the. moisture of the Willamette Valley and Puget Sound on the north and tle droughts of California on the south. Among the principal industries are di ' tU' '?&" V''zk '-.' -M AARKCT versified agriculture, horticulture, stock raising and gold mining. In the past 50 years the mines of Jackson County have added between $30,000,000 and $32, 500,000 o the country's gold supply. All varieties of fruit are produced. Ash land peaches are favorites in the mar kets of the Pacific Coast. Grain, in cluding corn, grows without Irrigation. The forests hold a vast wealth of sugar and yellow pine and fir. JOSEPHINE, one of the richest of Oregon's counties, was until re cently one of Its least developed sections. Fifty years ago It had a large mining population, which overran the surface of the country, mining where there was good pay at little outlay. When the rich placers appeared to bp exhausted, the industry declined and the population drifted away, leaving the real wealth of the region untouched. All the mountains are rich in minerals, and under systematic work the gold production is now much larger than ever. Mines are only part of Jose phine's resources. The streams that make placer work so profitable can also be utilized for irrigation. Noth ing finer In the way of agricultural possibilities can be found anywhera than in the fertile valley of the Rogue River. From this valley comb the choicest fruits and vegetables, while the output of melons is something pro digious. Agriculture, horticulture and stockraising have made rapid strides In the past three or four years. The county's standing timber, appraised at 75 cents per thousand stumpage, Is an asset which approximates $4,500,000. KLAMATH COUNTY Is pre-eminently fitted by nature for stockraising. The possibilities of the Industry ara practically unlimited, owing to the natural systems of Irrigation. Capital has been Interested in the county In recent years, and many miles of Irri gation canals have been made. Water has been turned upon the waste lands, making them produce from five to seven tons of alfalfa per acre. The most valu able natural resource of the county Is the pine timber,, which covers 1,250, 000 acres. The largest and most valu able tract lies north of the Klamath River, and Is known as the Jenny Creek belt. It contains fully 5,000,000, 000 feet of the finest sugar and yellow pine. Klamath County produces grain, fruits, and even hops and tobacco in small quantities. LAKE COUNTY'S resources are ag riculture, stockraising and fruit growing. Wheat runs from 30 tc 75 bushels to the acre, barley from 30 to 90 bushels, and alfalfa, without Ir rigation after July, produces approxi mately four tons to the acre. The nat ural meadow lands grow a quality of grass superior to some of the tame grasses. Experiment has so overcome the elements that where once the po tato was considered an Impossibility the tomato is now common. Gardens produce everything known to Southern California. Stockraising Is the main resource of the" people. The principal valleys, are Gopse Lake, Warner, Sil ver Lake, Summer Lake, Chewaucan, Drew's and Crooked River. All aro well watered. LANE COUNTY Is half prairie land, with very rich soli, producing abundant crops of grain, hay, fruit and vegetables, and half hill and up land. The table-lands bordering the valleys are partly covered with timber or brush, most of It being open enough for fine pasturage. These lands are fer tile and yield abundant crops when cul tivated. Every crop that grows in the Willamette Valley gr.ows in Lane. Nearly all the farms are supplied from natural sources with the best of water. The immense timber wealth, aggregat ing nearly 29,000,000,000 feet. Is Just be ginning to receive attention, and Lane now cuts more lumber than any county in the state except Multnomah. The famous Bohemia mining district, des tined to become the Cripple Creek of Oregon, lies partly In Lane County. LINN is a typical Willamette Vallei County in climate and products. Its products are cereals, hops, fruit, wool, stock, dairying, and some tobacco. The varied character of the land invites the homeseeker, no mat ter what branch of farming he may elect to follow. The farmer who "best succeeds in Linn is the one who keep . i . NO. .12,497. UVI DtJIVt1 lya export 4i fyys. FRUIT Raising irtpusn5 w "4, ;j" SPfo'C -, 's "- - "V sJ JBT y" M J I1&S ft frr . wO h A '