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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (June 13, 1900)
f THE MOTiNTXG OREGONIAK,' WEDNESDAY, JUNE 13, 190ff. f "nrfe5fjR-qp"1 fte 2Qomaxu Xatered at the Postofflce at Portland. Oreges, u second-class matter. TELEPHOXE3. ' Editorial Rooms.... ICO I Business Office SSI REVISED SUBSCRIPTION BATES. Br Mail (postage prepaid), in Advance Dally, with Suniay. per month ?o Daily, Sunlaj excepted, per year 7 S 00 Dally, with fcunaay, per 3 ear.., Sunday, per year .... TSw Weekly, per year. The "Week y. 3 months.... 2 00 1 BO W To City Subscribers Dany, per week, delliered, Sundays exeepted.l5e Pally, per week, delivered. Sundays lncluded.20o News or discussion intended for publication in The Oregenian should be addressed invariably "Editor The Oregonian." not to the name of any Individual. letters relating Jo advertising, subscriptions or to iny bushiesa-rnitter-fhouW be addressed simply "The O'regonlan!"" The Oreeonlan does not buy poems or stories from Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to It without solicita tion. No stamps should be inclosed for this pur pose. Poget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson. Cfflce at 1111 Pacific avenue. Tacoma. Box 855, Tacoma. Postofflce. Eastern Business Ofllce The Tribune building. New York city: "The Rookery." Chicago; the B. Cv Beckwith special agency. New York. For sale In San Francisco by J. K. Cooper. 7ft Market street, near the Palace hotel, and at Goldsmith Bros., 23G Sutter street. For sale in Chicago by the P. O. News Co., $17 Dearborn strret. TODAY'S WEATHER. Increasing cloudi ness, probably followed by showers and cooler during the afternoon or night; variable -winds. PORTLAXD, WEDNESDAY. JUXE 13 For the failure to maintain order In St. Louis the Mayor of the city and the Governor of the state are trying to throw the blame on each other. The Mayor asserts that he has done and Is doing: all he can, but complains that the Governor refuses to support him with the militia. The state of things In the city Is the Chicago platform in practice or action. The objection of the Bryanlzed te xnocracy to Governor Steunenberg is that in punishing the dynamiters and murderers of Coeur d'Alene he violated the free riot plank of the Chicago plat form. It is impossible as yet to obtain- the. record of the votes cast on the several amendments proposed.for the Constitu tion of the state. But it is known that there was nothing like a full vote on any one of them, and It Is believed that no one of them received a majority of the votes actually cast on such amend ment. It is, moreover, a well-settled principle that, in order to carry an amendment, a majority of all the votes cast at the election held at the time it Is voted on musfbe thrown in the af firmative. It is not doubted that all the amendments failed. Proposals to amend the Constitution should now be permitted to rest a while. The people are not in a mood for making such changes. The "Boxers" in China are members of a secret order three or four centuries old. Their name, translated as closely as possible Into English, is "Righteous Harmony Fists." They are a band of ruffians -whom a decrepit state cannot put down, and popular superstition in vests them with magic powers. As bandits and freebooters they commit outrages with impunity, and not only Jve but accumulate wealth by their trade. If you don't like Republican bossisnv there is Democratic bosslsm, and you can take your choice. The Dalles Times-Mountaineer says: "The Orego nian looks rather despairingly upon the forthcoming Republican National Con vention. Nevertheless, The Oregonian will support whatever the bosses do at Philadelphia, just as It swallowed the ticket nominated by the Multnomah bosses. It can't be jarred loose from the bosses." But what party Is more boss-ridden than the Democratic? It Is the slave of one man "William J. Bryan. No other man's voice goes for anything in the party. The Democratic party is Bryan and Bryanism. So at most it is one bossism against another. "What is worst is that Bryan's bosshlp represents everything that Is most fal lacious In doctrine and utterance, and most dangerous to the peace. Industry, prosperity and welfare of the country. Nobody who understands this can sup port the Democrdtlc party while the menace lasts no matter what the ob jections to the Republican party. For the Republican programme, whatever its faults, doesn't lead to the pit of folly on main principles, nor straight into the Valley of Destruction. It is on this ground that tens of thousands of Dem ocrats prefer even McKinley to Bryan. Anything but tlgBryanlzed Demo cratic party, which stands for all that Is most dangerous In monetary error, which is deeply infected with the so cialistic spirit, which encourages dis order and riot and Insists that the country shall abandon expansion, turn from the path of honor, duty and des tiny, furl Its flags and bid Its men sneak home. Against this policy of dishonor the country takes Its stand, and on minor matters, when free from this peril, it will reckon with the Republi can party. Since something has been said once more about "the ticket nominated by the Multnomah bosses" meaning the Republican ticket The Oregonian feels justified In making one more remark. That ticket, notoriously, was nominated by a few men, who seemed to think the county committee had full right of dic tatorship. It was an error, but no new thing. It had been done time out of mind by the controlling faction. It was the habit always of Mr. Mitchell and his supporters, in whose school the method was learned. But the Inveter acy of an abuse is no excuse for it. Again, this ticket was not more a "ring" ticket or a "bosses' " ticket than y was the Citizens ticket by which it was opposed; for this last-named ticket was selected by an inner circle composed of as few men as those who dictated the other, or fewer. But the "outs"" have always the advantage of attack, for their methods escape public attention, which is focalized on the "Ins." Tammany's new coat of arms: An ice pick rampant over a tiger recum bent on a field yellow. A mistaken notion is current that the rule requiring a two-thirds vote for a nomination in a Democratic National invention was first adopted in 1644 ana ior uie specinc purpose 01 aeieat- i lng Van Buren's nomination. The truth lis that In the very first Democratic National Convention convoked at Bal- Ltlmore, on May 2L 1S32, the following (resolution was adopted: Resohcd, That each state be entitled In the Irtomlna.lon to be made of a candidate to a jiurcber of votes equal to the number to which L"K1IJ be entitled la tho electoral colleges in voting for President and Vice-President, and that two-thirds of the whole number of totes In the convention shall be necessary to consti tute a choice. This two-thirds rule has been adopted by every subsequent convention of the Democratic party. In 1835 a strong ef fort was made to substitute a majority for a two-thirds vote, but the two thirds rule was finally adopted by a vote of 231 to 210, and has ever since remained In force. Another resolution passed by the Democratic National Convention of 1832 was to the effect that "the majority of the delegates from each state shall designate the per son for whom the votes of the state shall be given." This was the origin of the "unit rule," which in 1S39 was adopted by the Whig party. The first successful revolt against the "unit rule" occurred In the National conven tion of the Republican party in 1876, when the President ruled that the votes of four of the delegates from Pennsyl vania might be recorded separately, in spite of the fact that the delegation had been instructed by the state convention to vote as a unit. The decision of the chair was sustained by a vote of 395 to 353. In 1880 the unit rule was definitely abandoned by the Republican party, but in Democratic conventions the unit rule is still enforced In regard to any state delegation "which has been so In structed by Its state convention or which Itself adopts the rule. The ques tion of the right of Individual delegates to have their votes recorded separately was decided in the negative at the Democratic National Convention of 1S92. RIVALRY OP THE XATIOAS IX THE ORIENT. Though the leading powers of Europe are acting In' apparent concert in China; nevertheless the rivalry between them is the real spring of their action, and it can scarcely be expected that they will go far without serious disagree ment among themselves, very proba bly culminating in war. Japan, too, is seeking a place among the world pow ers, and her position justifies her fully In striving to check the aggressions of others In the Orient, especially Rus sia, whose steadily advancing ambition, supported by her colossal and ever growing power, is manifestly a menace to Japan. The Internal condition of China in vites this interference of the powers, in which, however, the United States cannot participate further than the call of humanity for protection of Its own people In China will warrant; for the United States can have no part In the rivalries of the nations of the Old "World, and not even our position In the Philippine Islands will warrant a departure In this respect from the old and wise policy of our country. "We are not on a search for new foreign complications, any more than in former times. It must still be our policy to mind our own affairs and keep clear of entanglements with foreign nations. To superficial observation it may seem that the great struggles between the nations of Europe during the past three centuries have had their 'brlr'-i mainly in the dispute for ascendar.y in European affairs; but in fact ever since the discovery of America and the first circumnavigation of the globe these struggles have arisen chiefly in conten tions for supremacy in the outer or farther world. The colonial question has ever been upperrnost. In the six teenth century the New "World was monopolized by the two nations which had largest part In its discovery Spain and Portugal; and Spain became the great world power. The history of modern England, that is, of Greater Britain, began with the destruction of the Spanish Armada in 1583. This war was as much a product of the rivalry of England and Spain in the outer world as in the realm of European politics. Already the spirit of discovery was bringing the two nations into con tact and collision everywhere, and it soon threw the religious and church quarrels, which long had been the burn ing questions. Into the background. Later, when Cromwell made war on Spain, it is a question whether he at tacked her as the great Catholic power or as the great monopolist of the New "World. In the same age the two great Protestant powers, England and Hol land, which should have stood side by side, are found waging furious war on each other as colonial rivals. Soon af terward France was brought into the forefront of colonial powers, and a ri valry was begun which ceased not till the overthrow of Napoleon and the loss to France, during a warfare of 150 years, with only Intermissions of peace, of practically the whole of her colonial empire. Glance at the great European strug gle, known to history as the "War of the Spanish Succession, which began in 170L "Why did England take part In this war? The Spanish succession touched England because France threatened, by establishing her Influ ence in Spain, to enter into the Spanish monopoly of the New "World and to shut England Irrevocably out of it. Already England was hard pressed In America by France; for, though Eng land had a row of thriving colonies lying from north to south along the eastern coast of America, France had the two great rivers, the St. Lawrence and the Mississippi, and a political prophet, comparing the prospects of the two great colonizing powers at that time, and, Indeed, much later, might have been led by observing what an advantage the two great rivers gave to France, to think that in the future North America would belong to her rather than to England. Spain had Mexico and most of South America, and the union of France and Spain was a menace which England felt she was compelled to meet. Had she not acted on this Instinct, our own destiny, would have been wholly different; for this conflict never ceased till France was turned out of the New "World. It was not dissembled for a moment that France assisted the American colonies in their revolt as a measure of retalia tion for what she had lost. This was her revenge for the loss of Canada, namely, to create the United States; for It is beyond question that without the assistance of France the undertak ing of our Revolutionary ancestors would have failed. The contest for outer empire was also one of the main grounds of the long Struggle between England and France during the career of Napoleon. Out of this we got Louisiana. As in the Amer ican war, France avenged on England her expulsion from the New "World, so under Napoleon she made Titanic ef forts to recover her lost place there. This Indeed was Napoleon's fixed view with regard to England. He saw In England never the island, the European state, but always the world-empire, the network of dependencies and islands and colonies covering every sea. His I expedition to Egypt was designed to form the base of an attack on India. It was the disagreement about Malta that caused the rupture of the peace of Amiens. Napoleon's long war on Eu rope was a war, at bottom, on England. Af ter'Trafalgar, he could hope to strike England only through her allies, and this made him the conqueror of Europe. But these were not the conquests he In tended or wished. He did not care about Europe. His ambition, was all I directed to the New "World. He was the Titan whose dream it was to re store that Greater France which had fallen in the struggle of the eighteenth century, and to reduce that Greater Britain which had been established on Its ruins. Everywhere in his utterances this purpose appears. His conversa tions at St. Helena teem with recital of it. But he could not reach England, so he overran the European nations which she subsidized against him. He conquered Germany for peace on that side, and he occupied flpain and Portu gal because they were maritime coun tries with fleets and colonies which might be used against England, and his expedition against Russia was directed against England far more than against Russia herself. From these facts it is clear that most European wars of the past three centu ries have been treated by many or most historians from p. point of view too ex clusively European. Such conclusion Is suggestive of differences-sure to arise among the powers now operating to-, gether, or in contact with each other, in the Orient. Their rivalry Is liable at an early day to break out In open war. Misbehavior of China, her unwil lingness or inability through her de crepitude to protect the subjects of the European nations, Is the ostensible ground of Interference; but each nation is In fact looking to its own ultimate. Interest, and trying to prevent any rival from -getting an advantage over it through the dissolution which it is seen is inevitable. DOXXELLVS LETTER. It Is not easy to understand, on read ing the Donnelly letter of acceptance, why there should have been two Popu list conventions and two platforms. Both platforms demand free and un limited coinage of silver and gold at the ratio of, 16 to 1. Both favor a re turn to paper money to be Issued solely by the Government. Both declare for the initiative and referendum. Both Insist upon the ownership and opera tion of public utilities by the people. Both ask for an income tax. Both urge the election of United Slates Senators by the people, and both denounce trusts. If there is any choice between the two Populist platforms, it is In favor of the MIddle-of-the-Road Popif lists, whose platform does not touch the expansion question at all, and does not approve the Coeur d'Alene miners' riots, on both of which questions the Sioux Falls platform takes an extreme position. The principles set forth in the two platforms are identical, and the candi date who runs on one can run on the Jler, as is clearly evident in the argu- ment of Donnelly's letter of acceptance of the Middle-of-the-Road Populist nomination for Vice-President. Don nelly's finance Is pure Bryanism, and he declares himself to be an advocate of fiat paper, when he says that he re gards "the redemption of money In gold and silver as a relic of barbarism; that there is no more reason for metallic money than there Is for printing post age stamps on tags of silver." Don nelly holds that "Government paper money saved the Nation In time of civil war, and In time of peace Its life can be maintained by the greenbacks." This Is very old financial quackery, but then Donnelly is an old quack In both literature and finance. A man who believed or pretended to believe that Bacon was the 'author of Shakes peare's plays, in face of the universal dissent of the world's literary scholar ship to his absurd assumption, could easily believe or pretend to believe in fiat paper money in face of the uni versal dissent of the world's financial knowledge bottomed upon the world's experience. Donnelly is a Populist and a greenbacker, and so Is Bryan. It is not easy to understand why two Pop ulist conventions were held, for, while the Middle-of-the-Road Populists did not touch on the expansion question. Barker, their nominee for President, is a blatant anti-expansionist. BETTER OUTLOOK FOR "WHEAT. There has been a marked advance in the price of wheat during the past few days, and there is good reason for be lieving that most of the Increase may be held, and perhaps more added. The premier cereal has been dragging along at pretty low ebb for many months, and anything like a show of returning strength will be of special interest to farmers of the Pacific Northwest. "With present favorable weather conditions continuing for another thirty days, Oregon, Washington and Idaho will un doubtedly harvest the largest wheat crop on record in this territory. The 1900 crop, under such conditions, will, with the carry-over stock which will remain on hand at the end of the pres ent season, amount to about 50,000,000 bushels. Every cent added to the price per bushel accordingly means $500,000 added to the wealth of the Northwest, so that the ill wind plastering Ohio, In diana and Dakota farms with mort gages and sending wheatgrowers all over those big states Into bankruptcy is certainly blowing good to the farm ers of the Pacific Northwest The present advance in wheat is due largely to natural conditions. For weeks the Argentine Republic has been pouring Into the markets of the Old "World record-breaking shipments of wheat, sufficient, with arrivals from other ports, to meet all demands and to keep the market at very low ebb. The foreign buyers were fully aware that the big country to the south of us could not keep up such enormous ship ments throughout the Summer. They were also aware, however, that under normal conditions by the time the Ar gentine shipments began dwindling the Atlantic and Gulf ports of the "United States would be shipping 1900-crop wheat to make up any shortage which might exist. Normal conditions no longer exist In the big wheat belt of the Middle "West, and tho expected ship ments; will not be forthcoming. The Chicago market, that storm center oi wheat 'speculation, has become some what panicky over the crop damage, and within five days a net advance of 5 cents per bushel has been scored In the July option. Naturally enough, the advance In the Pacific Coast markets has been small In comparison with that of Chicago. Liverpool, which is the world's market, has not yet become im bued with the scare which is pervading the American markets, contiguous to the affected portions of the wheat belt. She has advanced slightly in sympathy with America, but before going the limit will cast her eyes up and down the world to see If the shortage cannot be made up from other countries with out advancing prices to correspond with Chicago. "With political complica tions likely at any nrbment to close the granaries of Russia from, her buy ers, the outlook is not reassuring; but at the same time, Liverpool can be trusted not to get panicky and send prices up in a hurry unless there Is cause for It. The Pacific Coast cannot market Its wheat In Chicago, and accordingly our farmers cannot expect a 5-cent advance when Liverpool refuses to raise her bids more than 2 cents per bushel. If crop conditions in the Middle "West continue as bad as represented, a sub stantial advance in the price, of Pacific Coast wheat may be expected, but. Owing to the long distance from the world's" markel, and a, scarcity of ton nage, a portion of this advance will be demanded by the shipowner. England has become accustomed to cheap wheat, and also to carrying light stocks, and. as the Pacific Coast is dependent on her for a market, prices at our ports will be governed entirely by the Liver pool market and the ocean freight rate, and not by the gyrations of the Chicago market. Another thing to be consid ered regarding the handicap which Pa cific Coast wheat always suffers In the European market Is the fact that by the time the first cargo of 1900 wheat from Oregon or "Washington reaches Liverpool early steam cargoes of new crop Argentine wheat will be trailing right after it. "Federation," seems to be the watch word of the times. Now it is "church federation," a theme so visionary, as It would seem, as to cause its dismissal without serious consideration. Yet such is not the fact. On the contrary, it has of late attracted much attention in cer tain ecclesiastical circles. It Is not, In deed, entirely new, but goes back some years to an Ideal scheme detailed In the form of a stbry by "Washington Glad den, in which the workings of an Imag inary union of churches in an Imagin ary town were recounted. The scheme is not so impossible of realization as appears from some data presented by the independent In regard to It. The Congregational National Council qf 1898 approved a proposal for a confederation of all Protestant denominations, and several local attempts on the same line are recorded, with something of suc cess, as a result. Notable In this, line is the actual federation of the principal denominations in Maine, now existing for several years. The plan is to se cure federation without Interfering with, denominational integrity, and a National committee to aid this purpose has been raised In New York City. "With the principle of essential church unity as Its basis, It is difficult to see how church federation and denomlna tionalism can work in the same har ness, pulling evenly and without fric tion. The effort Is notable as an inci dent in the subordination of creed to Christianity, which by some is called religious growth and by others heresy. If Intelligence by the steamer Rival that Behrlng Sea is clear of ice is cor rect, we shall soon have confirmation by returning vessels. The last authen tic information from the fleet was at Unalaska, May 19. This was about, the date" of the most numerous .sailings from Seattle, Portland and San Fran cisco. A week, later a great fleet was rendezvoused there. If the Ice fields were broken and scattered, so as to make progress safe, no doubt the early arrivals had already started from "Un alaska for the second and last stage of their Journey, arriving In the neigh borhood of June 1. Allowing one week for unloading, and ten days for the re turn voyage, we ought soon to have news of the Initial return arrival. Thousands of eyes are now turned toward Cape Nome; thousands of hearts are fondly and anxiously won dering what Is happening to the great army on Its way to the frozen gold fields. It need cause no surprise, or special anxiety, if the Rival's Informa tion should prove misleading, and If nothing definite were heard by July 1. Already Virginia is moving for cele bration of the tercentenary of the set tlement of Jamestown. It Is yet a good while till the year 1907; but the Rich mond Dispatch Is going into the subject with an enthusiasm that promises great results, if it hold out till that time. This Is among its appeals: The landing of Columbus was an Incident of mere physlcfJ import, the settlements or James town and Plymouth Rock were facts that tetmed with profound spiritual significance. Then, venturing upon a few data for comparison, it says: In Buffalo in 1001 there will be a pan-American exposition, which Is nothing- more than a commercial enterprise, and yet to it the Na tional Government has given $500,000. In 1003 in 8t- Louis will be celebrated the centennial anniversary of the Louisiana purchase. Tor this tho National Government has appropriated the fabulous sum of $3,000,000. Compared to the thought of the settlement of Jamestown, these thingr. are as the candle to tho sun. There i a warmth of Southern rhet oric here, but a touch of truth withal. Editor "Johnny "Wilson's newspaper experience is proving of vast benefit to him. The other day he took up his able pen and wrote down thirty-nine names and submitted them to the Spokane Republican Convention, which, to show its appreciation of genius, ratified them. Here In Oregon the public is apt to re gard such a thing as the exercise of bosshlp in making up a slate, and to treat it accordingly. In "Washington, it Is merely journalism. Senator Billy Mason Is going to take the stump and whoop It up for McKin ley. Tht- Boer question and expansion will not be mentioned by him. There are other unmentionable topics that ap parently leave the Senator without an oratorical leg to stand on. But that won't bother him. He doesn't want to say anything. He only wants to talk. Mr. Donnelly wiqds up his letter of acceptance -with a quotation, which he neglects to credit to Shakespeare. Doubtless he expects that. In about three centuries, posterity will cipher it all out that Donnelly wrote it. Pension appropriations are $4,000,000 greater than ever. They represent sim ply the "natural Increase of the roll." And a natural decrease of public re spect for the pension system as It is administered. The turning down of Brer Kincaid in Lane County call3 to mind that towards the end of the last century there was another celebrated revolt against the 'stamp net. Twenty-one United States JJenators are to be delegates at Philadelphia. This Administration is taking no chances. Pretoria may have fallen, but there is room in Oom Paul's hat for a capital of reasonable size and population. 3R. BRYAN'S DISCLAIMER. How He Stands on. the Proposed Trast Amendment. Chicago Record, Ind. William J. Bryan disclaims having fath ered the suggestion for an amendment to the Federal Constitution giving Congress full power to control trusts. In a letter to Representative Cummlngs, of New York, he says: "Ihave never said or believed an amend ment was necessary. I have urged legis lation which I believe to be constitutional and have said that I favor a constitutional amendment It the decisions of the Su preme Court declare such legislation un constitutional." Mr. Bryan was chairman of the commit tee on resolutions of the Nebraska Dem ocratic convention that met in Omaha August 22 of last year. It was announced at the time that the platform presented by the committee and adopted by the con vention was written by Mr. Bryan and that the document was Intended to con vey to the country Mr. Bryan's views on the Issues of the day. After denouncing trusts, that platform reads: "We demand the enforcement of the present Federal law, the enactment of such new legislation as may be necessary, and a Constitutional amendment. If the present Constitution Is construed to pro tect trusts, to the end that the monopoli zation of industry by private corporations may be absolutely prevented." In his address at the Civic Federation conference on trusts, Mr. Bryan outlined his license plan for the cure of trust Ills. In that addles Mr. Bryan refrained from saying whether or not he believed Con gress possessed the requisite powers to suppress trusts. He said that Congress has or should have the power to do what he proposed. After presenting his plan for Congressional legislation against trusts, Mr. Bryan declared: "It It Is unconstitutional, and so de clared by the Supreme Court, I am in favor of an amendment to the Constitu tion that will give to Congress power to destroy every trust in the country." This statement is to be found in Mr. Bryan's speech as reported in the official proceedings of the conference, on page 506. .As it Is generally understood among lawyers that Congress at present does not possess the power to destroy trusts, ex cept In a comparatively few cases, and as Mr. Bryan himself In his Civic Federa tion speech did not express the deliberate conviction that Congress possessed such powers, it was commonly assumed that he favored the procedure to amend the Con stitution which he suggested, as his plan seemed of necessity to require that proce dure ultimately. Such an Interpretation was placed at the time both on the trust plank of tho Nebraska platform and on Mr. Bryan's Civic Federation address. If Mr. Bryan In the meantime has been misrepresented It Is bis own fault, be cause he has until now allowed that In terpretation to go uncorrected. Even some of his own friends In Congress, Mr. Sulzer among the number, were loath to oppose the constitutional amendment proposed by the opposition, because, as Mr. Sulzer put it, "I feel that Mr. Bryan favors In general the anti-trust pro gramme of the Republicans." THE OREGOX LIGHTHOUSE. A Warning? to Democracy to Keep OS the Rocks. New York Journal, dem. The Oregon election has made clear, what those familiar with the situation knew well enough before, that the Democ racy cannot safely count on any electoral votes this year from the Pacific Coast. The Pacific States are for expa-slon. They have experienced too much benefit already from the growth of our commerce In the Orient to look with favor upon a policy of retreat In that quarter. They could have been brought Into line against Im perialism, but not when anti-imperialism yaa represented as the Kime thing as anti-expansion. The Republican plurality In this week's election In Oregon seems to have been from 8000 to 10.000. In 1S0C McKinley car ried the state by 2117. Bryan carried Washington by 12,493, secured one elector In California, and came within 2SO0 votes of getting the other eight. But the Re publican majority In Oregon this year Is Just about equal to the one of 1S9S, when tho Republicans carried "Washington by 8113, and California by 19,003. It Is evident, therefore, that any pru dent Democratic calculations for the com ing campaign should leave out of account the four electoral votes obtained in 1SS6 in "Washington and one in California, If not the three of Nevada. That makes at least five votes to be looked for elsewhere. In addition to the 4S Bryan lacked of a majority in 1896. . In other words, if Mr. Bryan is to win this time, he must get at least 53 electoral votes which he did not have In 1SD6. Are these votes to be had? They are. All that Is necessary Is to go after them In the right way. Kentucky Is good for 12 of them, provided the Democrats there repeal the Goebel law and give an assur ance of fair elections. That leaves 41. New York has 36. Therefore-, New York and Connecticut would do the work with one to spare, or New York and New Jersey with five to spare, or New York and Mary land with three to spare, or New York and "West Virginia with one to spare. 'Always New York. Let the Democrats carry New York and they will pick up electoral votes enough elsewhere In the East to make them safe, no matter how many they lose in the far "West. Let them loso New York, and, as the Oregon ejection shows, they are gone. These considerations cannot be overloked by level-headed political mathematicians who are In politics to win. They can hardly fall to have some Influence upon the construction of the platform on which the Democrats of New York, Connecticut, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland and West Virginia are to make their gallant effort to wipe out the plurality of 457,047 that was piled up agalnat them four years ago. OREGOX FOR EXPAXSIOX. A Xote of "Warning; to Those Who Oppose It. Louisville Courier-Journal, Dem. In the Oregon campaign the' opposition to the Republicans was made on precise ly the lines on which It Is sought by many party leaders to oppose the Republicans In the National campaign. The Oregon Democrats, Populists and Silver Republicans all combined and put out a fusion ticket on the Issues raised by the Chicago platform, with the addi tion of anti-expansion. The Republicans met these Issues squarely. They stood by their gold standard legislation and they championed enthusiastically the expansion of our National territory as brought about by the war with Spain. This last was the real issue of the campaign. The fuslon Ists fought 1L The other Issues were mainly on paper, showing that however parties may thunder in the platforms the people know what Is really before them. The result offers no encouragement to those who would have the Democrats and their fuslonist allies duplicate In the Na tion the campaign that has just been made In Oregon. Although there was no Governor to be elected this year, the Re publicans carry the state by a plurality four or five times as great as that by which McKinley carried it In 1S96, and about the same as that by which they carried It in the gubernatorial and Con gressional 'election of 1S9S, when their plu ralities were not far behind their high water record of 1S94. It Is useless to moralize on the result. The country is for expansion. This is clearly Indicated in the first state in -j which the issue haa been squarely tested. Will the Democrats be so foolish as to in sist on repealing this test at ths Presiden tial election, instead otTefusing to surren der to the Republicans the old-time Dem ocratic policy of expansion and making their fight on the Republicans" adminis trative abuses of that policy? COMPETITION AXD TRUSTS. The Movement Seems to Hare Passed Its Height. New York Journal of Commerce. The May list compiled by this paper of new corporations of $1,000,000 capital or more, organized In the states where most of the work of chartering corporations Is done, presented some Interesting features. The authorized capitalization of these companies for the past 12 months haa been as follows: ... june, l&yj -,w(y.o July, JsS 250.000,000 tsS 2S2.O00.00O $99 . 3S0.COXCO0 iegg 340.0CO.(XjO iws v" 200,000,000 1900 2O3.0O),CO0 1900 " 125.000,000 1 502.O30.0 0 loco 325.000.COO l"$ '.".. 281.C00.000 Aug., Sept., Oct.. Nov., Dec, Jan., Feb., March, April, May, Total $3,478,000,000 It -Is impossible to determine precisely what proportion of these figures repre sent new capital and what old. Of course, a very considerable proportion of the en terprises Included in such a statement will never materialize; but the above fig- rures do not cover all states, nor all new concerns, and -it is certain that for sev eral months past a large percentage of these new incorporations represented new and competing capital, the consolidation movement having reaching Its climax last midsummer. It is becoming much more difficult to float these combinations and sell the securities they are formed primar- Uv- in issue. From time to time we have tho announcement that the forma tion of a contemplated combination Is postponed; conditions are not favorable for the sale of the stocks. "Very few of the proprietors of the Independent con cerns would ever have abdicated their Independence but for the prospect of vast profits In the sale of these common stocks which were issued as a bonus to subscrib ers to the preferred stock. "When the public appetite for common stocks de clined all the economic reasons for con solidation, so convincingly set forth in prospectuses, failed to bring the owners of independent works together into a combination. It Is growing Increasingly difficult to sell these bonus stocks, and when they do not sell there is rarely a combination. There have been a few con solldatloss without this temptation of a stock speculation, but they have been very rare. In noting the number of concerns organ ized to compete with the established com binations we have not included companies with less than a million dollars of cap ital; hence our list Is far from complete because many of theee companies start out with very moderate capital, yet in the aggregate they are capable of giving the great "trusts" serious competition. There are obvious reasons for believing that thee smaller concerns are organized with less "water" In their capital than the combinations the watering of whose stock Is the most powerful Incentive to their creation. There Is a strong prob ability, therefore, that the real capital Invested In these new forces will prove strong competitors of the ostensible cap ital of the concerns which set out to con trol production and prices in their re spective lines. ALL BUT TWO FOR BRYAX. So Far Xenrly Every Convention Has Inntrncted for HIni. Chicago Inter Ocean. In most of the Eastern states tho Demo cratic conventions ignored the Chicago platform. The New York convention pledged the Democracy of that state to stand by the platform which the Kansas City convention will adopt, but not a word was said about the Chicago platform. In the West the Chicago platform was gen erally Indorsed and approved in plain terms. At the Indiana convention, where J. G. Johnson, chairman of the National Executive Committee, and C. A. "Walsh, Secretary of the National Committee, managed the making of the platform In the interest of Bryan, the Chicago plat form was reaffirmed In express terms, and the convention pledged lte allegiance to that document. This Is what the Bryan and Free-Silver Democrats desire shall be done In the Illinois convention. But the Cook Coun ty delegation and its special friends In the state outside will seek to promulgate a more conservative declaration. The New York platform will about meet their views, and here Is where the clash will come. This may become a serious matter In the convention, and may result In af fecting the make-up of the state ticket. The country leaders are mostly for the Chicago platform. As to Bryan's nomination, for the Presi dency by the Kansas City convention there can be no doubt. Of the states which have thut. far held Democratic conventions all but two have instructed their delegates to the National conven tion to vote for him. There will be 920 delegates In the National convention. Of these two-thirds, or 620, will be required to nominate. Bryan has already instruct ed for him 454 of this number. The states which have Instructed for Bryanwlth the number of delegates from each, are: Massachusetts ....30Tennessee- 14 North Carolina. ...22 Kansas 20 Pennsylvania E4ArIzona 6 Nebraska 161Washington 8 Rhode Island S New York Oregon S Indiana 30 DIst. of Col 6 Michigan 2S West Virginia ....12 North Dakota 6 Iowa 26! South Dakota 8 New Hampshire.. SJMIssourl 34 Alabama 16) Utah 6 Total 4:4 New Mexico 61 This leaves but 166 votei needed by Bryan to Insure him the required two thirds. That he will have them Is ap parently sure. New Jersey with 20 dele gates and Maryland with H5 are not In structed as to the Presidency. Tammany's Great Grab. Chicago Tribune. The size of the ice trust's operations Is indicated by the holdings of Mayor Van Wyck and his brother. The Mayor is found to have acquired stock ot the par value of $1,230,000. of which he still holds 620.000. His brother. Augustus van Wyck. an ex-Justice of the State Supreme Court, who ran against Roosevelt for Governor, and whose name has been men tioned for the Democratic Presidential nomination as an anti-trust champion, originally stood on the books as the holder of 4S75 shares, and now appears to hold 2775 shares, par value 5277,500. John F. Carroll, acting Tammany manager, was also "let in on the ground floor" fo? $1,348,400. of which he still holds $731,700. Richard Croker holds $100,000 of the stock In his own name, and $150,000 in Mrs. Croker's name, while his private bank holds $500,000 as trustee for some person unknown. Thus the story runs through tho wholo shameful record, showing the guardians of the public welfare Inex tricably mixed up with the worst Tam many plunderers. The Pension List. Mail and Express. According to the experts of the Pension Bureau, the annual mortality rate among veterans of the war for the Union Is about 3 1-3 per cent. Should this con tinue unchanged, the last of those vet erans would disappear In 1930. but this Is unlikely, as there are still 925,000 sur viving veterans of the Union Army, and they are what doubtless constituted the hardiest element, physically speaking, of the National forces at the close of the war. And. Inasmuch as the last veteran of the War of 1812 died less than a year ago. the chances ace that the pension rolls will bear the names of Union veterans for many years beyond the date which statisticians baye fixed for their disappearance. NOTE AND COMMENT. The Vice-Presidency doean't care who runs for it Men have been killed for asking "Is It hot enough for you?" A word to the wise Is sufficient. Ignatius Donnelly Is going to run for the. Vice-Presidency, but oven that will not save his Bacon. There is no Ice in Behrlng Sea, which will save the argonauts at Nome the bur den of supporting a trust. He was bred In Old Kentucky. Where the fighting's pretty rough. But 'twas when, he struck St. Louis That he said ho had enough, Clark has returned to Montana, and th starving families of the Indigent Legislat ors are again eating three, times a day. If General Otis has any hankering for the Presidency, he should bo reminded that McKinley has that situation well In hand. The Georgia watermelon crop will b short, but the lynching season is on now, so the public will not have time to miss the melons. Great Is the progress of Invention. Onr of these days some one will patent an en gine that can make as many revolutions a minute as a South American republic. Lynching is not confined to the South, for on the 1st Inst, T. Smith Alford wat. seized by a mob of masked men at South Bridgeton, N. J., who stripped him and painted him with roofing paint, and cov ered his whole "body with feathers. Th nelghbon? say he cursed his wife whllt she lay dying and paid no heed to hei appeals for assistance. The women of th neighborhood have been intensely lndig nant and Alford was warned a week age what he might expect. Boxee man him mucbee road. Llkee killum welly bad. Heap good shootum can. Missionally thinkee "dam,' Callum loudee "Uncle Sam. Me 'flald Boxee man." I Boxee man he catchum King; No 'flald him to jailee bllng; King no likee plan. Alle same must stay in Jail. Boxee man no takum ball. Heap bad Boxee man. King he j ellum "Like out, Boxee man no healum shout. t No good healum can. Just go loun and dlinkum blood. LI Hung Chang him name One Mud) ' Him 'flafd Boxee man. England. Lussla. sendum ship. Tellum Boxee man "heap skip" No for him can stan'; Boxee man heap Hkum fight, Tellum sailor allee lite. Bad, bad Boxee man. Million Boxee heap dead fall,. . No care. no can killum all, Plenty, like him san'.' Eulope wondel what him do, Flghtum Boxee. no get though. Too much Boxeo man. An inquiry published a short time aga In regard to tho weight of horses used in the brewers' teams in the City of London 40 or B0 years ago has met the eye ot J. "W. Ayers. of McMlnnvlIle- He write that the brewers used the heaviest horse procurable, weighing not less than a ton. The old Bowery Brewery Company had three horses that weighed 2300 pounds each and a double team which weighed 2100 pounds each. A large dapple bay dray horse at Charing Cross tipped the beam at 2431 pounds. In Edinburgh. Scotland, there was In the year 1849 a dapple gray named Jumbo, which weighed 2640 pounds, and one In Beverley, Yorkshire, used as a switch engine, weighed 2690 pounds. Such horses would have been greatly rel ished of late in Ladysmlth or Mafeking. A very handsome pair of dapple gray horses was seen at work In Holladay3 ad dition In this city a few days ago, the. largest of which the driver said weighed 1S0O pounds. This Is probably the largest horse In Portland, and Is big enough for all practical purposes. PLEASAXTRIES OF PARAGRAPHER Honor. "Remray," asked a wee Kentucky maiden, "what is honor?" "Huh!" replied hea older brother, little Remington Cortrlght,"why, it's an excuse for shootla somebody, of course !' 'Puck. "There's only one thins the Armless Wondei can't do with his feet." said the showman. "What's that?" asked a spectator. "Put on bis gloves," answered the showman. Tlt-Bita. Professional Backing Invoked. 'If yon don't bellee In doctors, why did you call me lnT "I can guess at what ails me, doctor, but I want you to shoulder tho responsibility for the drugs I take." Chicago Becord. "Did thatv.critlc write any favorable com ment on jour novel. Belinda?" "Oh, yea; ha said ray father had once met the Prince of Wales, and that we had always moved in tho best society." Indianapolis Journal. Old Gentleman Here, boy! Tou don't sup pose I'm going to take that rickety old frame work in place of my good all umbrella, do jou? Bell Boy Dat's wot da gemmaa said wot got yohs, suh Brooklyn Life. Feminine Intuition. Mistress Jane, you may clear away the breakfast dishes and put the house in order. I am going to my dressmaker's to hate a new gown fitted. Jane Tea. ma'am. Are you going to take your latchkey, or shall I sit up for you? Chicago News. Fair Widow Ye. I've made up any mind that when I die I shall bo o.miated, as my huband was. Gallant Captain Dear lady, please don't talk about such dreadlful things. Consider how much better It would be, fal jour case, to er cross out the C! Punch, At Graduating Time. Denver News. The graduates are going forth God bless them, every one! To run this hard and stubborn world Just as it should be run; But much I fear they'll And that facts Don't always track with dreams; And runnlns this old earth Is not As easj as it seems. As seniors we aro prone to think Our wisdom is complete. We'e but to ask the world will lay Its trophies at our feet. But schooldays done and work begua We learn to cur regret The College of Experience , We hae not mastered yet. Ambition beckons on to us 1 And eagerlj- we press Toward a distant, gleaming goal. The Temple of Success. It seems a pleasant Journey at The dawning of life's day; But as we stumble on It grow A long and weary way. The world has garlands and applaus r ' At graduating time; And then forgets us the next day, When we attempt to climb. Life Is a battle, where each one Must seek and hold his own. He who would rise above the crowd Must scalo the heights alone. This Is the rule of life today, As it has ever been; The world bestows Its smiles on thos Who hate the strength to vin. Beneath ail outward semblances It looks for merit true. It little cares how much you know. But asks, what can you do? When you have left your college halls You're barely at the start. For Wisdom's height Is infinite And long the ways of Art. You'll find that In the school of Ufa Acts count for more than dreams; And running this old earth Is not As easy as It seexas.