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THE MOTiNTXG OREGONIAK,' WEDNESDAY, JUNE 13, 190ff.
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PORTLAXD, WEDNESDAY. JUXE 13
For the failure to maintain order In
St. Louis the Mayor of the city and the
Governor of the state are trying to
throw the blame on each other. The
Mayor asserts that he has done and Is
doing: all he can, but complains that the
Governor refuses to support him with
the militia. The state of things In the
city Is the Chicago platform in practice
or action.
The objection of the Bryanlzed te
xnocracy to Governor Steunenberg is
that in punishing the dynamiters and
murderers of Coeur d'Alene he violated
the free riot plank of the Chicago plat
form. It is impossible as yet to obtain- the.
record of the votes cast on the several
amendments proposed.for the Constitu
tion of the state. But it is known that
there was nothing like a full vote on
any one of them, and It Is believed that
no one of them received a majority of
the votes actually cast on such amend
ment. It is, moreover, a well-settled
principle that, in order to carry an
amendment, a majority of all the votes
cast at the election held at the time it
Is voted on musfbe thrown in the af
firmative. It is not doubted that all
the amendments failed. Proposals to
amend the Constitution should now be
permitted to rest a while. The people
are not in a mood for making such
changes.
The "Boxers" in China are members
of a secret order three or four centuries
old. Their name, translated as closely
as possible Into English, is "Righteous
Harmony Fists." They are a band of
ruffians -whom a decrepit state cannot
put down, and popular superstition in
vests them with magic powers. As
bandits and freebooters they commit
outrages with impunity, and not only
Jve but accumulate wealth by their
trade.
If you don't like Republican bossisnv
there is Democratic bosslsm, and you
can take your choice. The Dalles
Times-Mountaineer says: "The Orego
nian looks rather despairingly upon the
forthcoming Republican National Con
vention. Nevertheless, The Oregonian
will support whatever the bosses do at
Philadelphia, just as It swallowed the
ticket nominated by the Multnomah
bosses. It can't be jarred loose from
the bosses." But what party Is more
boss-ridden than the Democratic? It Is
the slave of one man "William J.
Bryan. No other man's voice goes for
anything in the party. The Democratic
party is Bryan and Bryanism. So at
most it is one bossism against another.
"What is worst is that Bryan's bosshlp
represents everything that Is most fal
lacious In doctrine and utterance, and
most dangerous to the peace. Industry,
prosperity and welfare of the country.
Nobody who understands this can sup
port the Democrdtlc party while the
menace lasts no matter what the ob
jections to the Republican party. For
the Republican programme, whatever
its faults, doesn't lead to the pit of folly
on main principles, nor straight into
the Valley of Destruction. It is on this
ground that tens of thousands of Dem
ocrats prefer even McKinley to Bryan.
Anything but tlgBryanlzed Demo
cratic party, which stands for all that
Is most dangerous In monetary error,
which is deeply infected with the so
cialistic spirit, which encourages dis
order and riot and Insists that the
country shall abandon expansion, turn
from the path of honor, duty and des
tiny, furl Its flags and bid Its men sneak
home. Against this policy of dishonor
the country takes Its stand, and on
minor matters, when free from this
peril, it will reckon with the Republi
can party.
Since something has been said once
more about "the ticket nominated by
the Multnomah bosses" meaning the
Republican ticket The Oregonian feels
justified In making one more remark.
That ticket, notoriously, was nominated
by a few men, who seemed to think the
county committee had full right of dic
tatorship. It was an error, but no new
thing. It had been done time out of
mind by the controlling faction. It
was the habit always of Mr. Mitchell
and his supporters, in whose school the
method was learned. But the Inveter
acy of an abuse is no excuse for it.
Again, this ticket was not more a
"ring" ticket or a "bosses' " ticket than
y was the Citizens ticket by which it was
opposed; for this last-named ticket was
selected by an inner circle composed of
as few men as those who dictated the
other, or fewer. But the "outs"" have
always the advantage of attack, for
their methods escape public attention,
which is focalized on the "Ins."
Tammany's new coat of arms: An
ice pick rampant over a tiger recum
bent on a field yellow.
A mistaken notion is current that the
rule requiring a two-thirds vote for a
nomination in a Democratic National
invention was first adopted in 1644
ana ior uie specinc purpose 01 aeieat-
i lng Van Buren's nomination. The truth
lis that In the very first Democratic
National Convention convoked at Bal-
Ltlmore, on May 2L 1S32, the following
(resolution was adopted:
Resohcd, That each state be entitled In the
Irtomlna.lon to be made of a candidate to a
jiurcber of votes equal to the number to which
L"K1IJ be entitled la tho electoral colleges in
voting for President and Vice-President, and
that two-thirds of the whole number of totes
In the convention shall be necessary to consti
tute a choice.
This two-thirds rule has been adopted
by every subsequent convention of the
Democratic party. In 1835 a strong ef
fort was made to substitute a majority
for a two-thirds vote, but the two
thirds rule was finally adopted by a
vote of 231 to 210, and has ever since
remained In force. Another resolution
passed by the Democratic National
Convention of 1832 was to the effect
that "the majority of the delegates
from each state shall designate the per
son for whom the votes of the state
shall be given." This was the origin
of the "unit rule," which in 1S39 was
adopted by the Whig party. The first
successful revolt against the "unit
rule" occurred In the National conven
tion of the Republican party in 1876,
when the President ruled that the votes
of four of the delegates from Pennsyl
vania might be recorded separately, in
spite of the fact that the delegation had
been instructed by the state convention
to vote as a unit. The decision of the
chair was sustained by a vote of 395 to
353. In 1880 the unit rule was definitely
abandoned by the Republican party,
but in Democratic conventions the unit
rule is still enforced In regard to any
state delegation "which has been so In
structed by Its state convention or
which Itself adopts the rule. The ques
tion of the right of Individual delegates
to have their votes recorded separately
was decided in the negative at the
Democratic National Convention of
1S92.
RIVALRY OP THE XATIOAS IX THE
ORIENT.
Though the leading powers of Europe
are acting In' apparent concert in China;
nevertheless the rivalry between them
is the real spring of their action, and
it can scarcely be expected that they
will go far without serious disagree
ment among themselves, very proba
bly culminating in war. Japan, too, is
seeking a place among the world pow
ers, and her position justifies her fully
In striving to check the aggressions of
others In the Orient, especially Rus
sia, whose steadily advancing ambition,
supported by her colossal and ever
growing power, is manifestly a menace
to Japan.
The Internal condition of China in
vites this interference of the powers,
in which, however, the United States
cannot participate further than the call
of humanity for protection of Its own
people In China will warrant; for the
United States can have no part In the
rivalries of the nations of the Old
"World, and not even our position In
the Philippine Islands will warrant a
departure In this respect from the old
and wise policy of our country. "We
are not on a search for new foreign
complications, any more than in former
times. It must still be our policy to
mind our own affairs and keep clear
of entanglements with foreign nations.
To superficial observation it may
seem that the great struggles between
the nations of Europe during the past
three centuries have had their 'brlr'-i
mainly in the dispute for ascendar.y in
European affairs; but in fact ever since
the discovery of America and the first
circumnavigation of the globe these
struggles have arisen chiefly in conten
tions for supremacy in the outer or
farther world. The colonial question
has ever been upperrnost. In the six
teenth century the New "World was
monopolized by the two nations which
had largest part In its discovery Spain
and Portugal; and Spain became the
great world power. The history of
modern England, that is, of Greater
Britain, began with the destruction of
the Spanish Armada in 1583. This war
was as much a product of the rivalry
of England and Spain in the outer
world as in the realm of European
politics. Already the spirit of discovery
was bringing the two nations into con
tact and collision everywhere, and it
soon threw the religious and church
quarrels, which long had been the burn
ing questions. Into the background.
Later, when Cromwell made war on
Spain, it is a question whether he at
tacked her as the great Catholic power
or as the great monopolist of the New
"World. In the same age the two great
Protestant powers, England and Hol
land, which should have stood side by
side, are found waging furious war on
each other as colonial rivals. Soon af
terward France was brought into the
forefront of colonial powers, and a ri
valry was begun which ceased not till
the overthrow of Napoleon and the loss
to France, during a warfare of 150
years, with only Intermissions of peace,
of practically the whole of her colonial
empire.
Glance at the great European strug
gle, known to history as the "War of
the Spanish Succession, which began in
170L "Why did England take part In
this war? The Spanish succession
touched England because France
threatened, by establishing her Influ
ence in Spain, to enter into the Spanish
monopoly of the New "World and to
shut England Irrevocably out of it.
Already England was hard pressed In
America by France; for, though Eng
land had a row of thriving colonies
lying from north to south along the
eastern coast of America, France had
the two great rivers, the St. Lawrence
and the Mississippi, and a political
prophet, comparing the prospects of the
two great colonizing powers at that
time, and, Indeed, much later, might
have been led by observing what an
advantage the two great rivers gave to
France, to think that in the future
North America would belong to her
rather than to England. Spain had
Mexico and most of South America, and
the union of France and Spain was a
menace which England felt she was
compelled to meet. Had she not acted
on this Instinct, our own destiny, would
have been wholly different; for this
conflict never ceased till France was
turned out of the New "World. It was
not dissembled for a moment that
France assisted the American colonies
in their revolt as a measure of retalia
tion for what she had lost. This was
her revenge for the loss of Canada,
namely, to create the United States;
for It is beyond question that without
the assistance of France the undertak
ing of our Revolutionary ancestors
would have failed.
The contest for outer empire was also
one of the main grounds of the long
Struggle between England and France
during the career of Napoleon. Out of
this we got Louisiana. As in the Amer
ican war, France avenged on England
her expulsion from the New "World, so
under Napoleon she made Titanic ef
forts to recover her lost place there.
This Indeed was Napoleon's fixed view
with regard to England. He saw In
England never the island, the European
state, but always the world-empire, the
network of dependencies and islands
and colonies covering every sea. His
I expedition to Egypt was designed to
form the base of an attack on India.
It was the disagreement about Malta
that caused the rupture of the peace of
Amiens. Napoleon's long war on Eu
rope was a war, at bottom, on England.
Af ter'Trafalgar, he could hope to strike
England only through her allies, and
this made him the conqueror of Europe.
But these were not the conquests he In
tended or wished. He did not care
about Europe. His ambition, was all
I directed to the New "World. He was
the Titan whose dream it was to re
store that Greater France which had
fallen in the struggle of the eighteenth
century, and to reduce that Greater
Britain which had been established on
Its ruins. Everywhere in his utterances
this purpose appears. His conversa
tions at St. Helena teem with recital
of it. But he could not reach England,
so he overran the European nations
which she subsidized against him. He
conquered Germany for peace on that
side, and he occupied flpain and Portu
gal because they were maritime coun
tries with fleets and colonies which
might be used against England, and his
expedition against Russia was directed
against England far more than against
Russia herself.
From these facts it is clear that most
European wars of the past three centu
ries have been treated by many or most
historians from p. point of view too ex
clusively European. Such conclusion
Is suggestive of differences-sure to arise
among the powers now operating to-,
gether, or in contact with each other,
in the Orient. Their rivalry Is liable
at an early day to break out In open
war. Misbehavior of China, her unwil
lingness or inability through her de
crepitude to protect the subjects of the
European nations, Is the ostensible
ground of Interference; but each nation
is In fact looking to its own ultimate.
Interest, and trying to prevent any rival
from -getting an advantage over it
through the dissolution which it is seen
is inevitable.
DOXXELLVS LETTER.
It Is not easy to understand, on read
ing the Donnelly letter of acceptance,
why there should have been two Popu
list conventions and two platforms.
Both platforms demand free and un
limited coinage of silver and gold at
the ratio of, 16 to 1. Both favor a re
turn to paper money to be Issued solely
by the Government. Both declare for
the initiative and referendum. Both
Insist upon the ownership and opera
tion of public utilities by the people.
Both ask for an income tax. Both urge
the election of United Slates Senators
by the people, and both denounce
trusts. If there is any choice between
the two Populist platforms, it is In
favor of the MIddle-of-the-Road Popif
lists, whose platform does not touch
the expansion question at all, and does
not approve the Coeur d'Alene miners'
riots, on both of which questions the
Sioux Falls platform takes an extreme
position.
The principles set forth in the two
platforms are identical, and the candi
date who runs on one can run on the
Jler, as is clearly evident in the argu-
ment of Donnelly's letter of acceptance
of the Middle-of-the-Road Populist
nomination for Vice-President. Don
nelly's finance Is pure Bryanism, and
he declares himself to be an advocate
of fiat paper, when he says that he re
gards "the redemption of money In gold
and silver as a relic of barbarism; that
there is no more reason for metallic
money than there Is for printing post
age stamps on tags of silver." Don
nelly holds that "Government paper
money saved the Nation In time of
civil war, and In time of peace Its life
can be maintained by the greenbacks."
This Is very old financial quackery,
but then Donnelly is an old quack In
both literature and finance. A man
who believed or pretended to believe
that Bacon was the 'author of Shakes
peare's plays, in face of the universal
dissent of the world's literary scholar
ship to his absurd assumption, could
easily believe or pretend to believe in
fiat paper money in face of the uni
versal dissent of the world's financial
knowledge bottomed upon the world's
experience. Donnelly is a Populist and
a greenbacker, and so Is Bryan. It is
not easy to understand why two Pop
ulist conventions were held, for, while
the Middle-of-the-Road Populists did
not touch on the expansion question.
Barker, their nominee for President,
is a blatant anti-expansionist.
BETTER OUTLOOK FOR "WHEAT.
There has been a marked advance in
the price of wheat during the past few
days, and there is good reason for be
lieving that most of the Increase may
be held, and perhaps more added. The
premier cereal has been dragging along
at pretty low ebb for many months, and
anything like a show of returning
strength will be of special interest to
farmers of the Pacific Northwest. "With
present favorable weather conditions
continuing for another thirty days,
Oregon, Washington and Idaho will un
doubtedly harvest the largest wheat
crop on record in this territory. The
1900 crop, under such conditions, will,
with the carry-over stock which will
remain on hand at the end of the pres
ent season, amount to about 50,000,000
bushels. Every cent added to the price
per bushel accordingly means $500,000
added to the wealth of the Northwest,
so that the ill wind plastering Ohio, In
diana and Dakota farms with mort
gages and sending wheatgrowers all
over those big states Into bankruptcy
is certainly blowing good to the farm
ers of the Pacific Northwest
The present advance in wheat is due
largely to natural conditions. For
weeks the Argentine Republic has been
pouring Into the markets of the Old
"World record-breaking shipments of
wheat, sufficient, with arrivals from
other ports, to meet all demands and
to keep the market at very low ebb.
The foreign buyers were fully aware
that the big country to the south of us
could not keep up such enormous ship
ments throughout the Summer. They
were also aware, however, that under
normal conditions by the time the Ar
gentine shipments began dwindling the
Atlantic and Gulf ports of the "United
States would be shipping 1900-crop
wheat to make up any shortage which
might exist. Normal conditions no
longer exist In the big wheat belt of the
Middle "West, and tho expected ship
ments; will not be forthcoming. The
Chicago market, that storm center oi
wheat 'speculation, has become some
what panicky over the crop damage,
and within five days a net advance of
5 cents per bushel has been scored In
the July option. Naturally enough, the
advance In the Pacific Coast markets
has been small In comparison with that
of Chicago. Liverpool, which is the
world's market, has not yet become im
bued with the scare which is pervading
the American markets, contiguous to
the affected portions of the wheat belt.
She has advanced slightly in sympathy
with America, but before going the
limit will cast her eyes up and down
the world to see If the shortage cannot
be made up from other countries with
out advancing prices to correspond
with Chicago. "With political complica
tions likely at any nrbment to close
the granaries of Russia from, her buy
ers, the outlook is not reassuring; but
at the same time, Liverpool can be
trusted not to get panicky and send
prices up in a hurry unless there Is
cause for It.
The Pacific Coast cannot market Its
wheat In Chicago, and accordingly our
farmers cannot expect a 5-cent advance
when Liverpool refuses to raise her
bids more than 2 cents per bushel. If
crop conditions in the Middle "West
continue as bad as represented, a sub
stantial advance in the price, of Pacific
Coast wheat may be expected, but.
Owing to the long distance from the
world's" markel, and a, scarcity of ton
nage, a portion of this advance will be
demanded by the shipowner. England
has become accustomed to cheap
wheat, and also to carrying light stocks,
and. as the Pacific Coast is dependent
on her for a market, prices at our ports
will be governed entirely by the Liver
pool market and the ocean freight rate,
and not by the gyrations of the Chicago
market. Another thing to be consid
ered regarding the handicap which Pa
cific Coast wheat always suffers In the
European market Is the fact that by
the time the first cargo of 1900 wheat
from Oregon or "Washington reaches
Liverpool early steam cargoes of new
crop Argentine wheat will be trailing
right after it.
"Federation," seems to be the watch
word of the times. Now it is "church
federation," a theme so visionary, as It
would seem, as to cause its dismissal
without serious consideration. Yet such
is not the fact. On the contrary, it has
of late attracted much attention in cer
tain ecclesiastical circles. It Is not, In
deed, entirely new, but goes back some
years to an Ideal scheme detailed In the
form of a stbry by "Washington Glad
den, in which the workings of an Imag
inary union of churches in an Imagin
ary town were recounted. The scheme
is not so impossible of realization as
appears from some data presented by
the independent In regard to It. The
Congregational National Council qf 1898
approved a proposal for a confederation
of all Protestant denominations, and
several local attempts on the same line
are recorded, with something of suc
cess, as a result. Notable In this, line is
the actual federation of the principal
denominations in Maine, now existing
for several years. The plan is to se
cure federation without Interfering
with, denominational integrity, and a
National committee to aid this purpose
has been raised In New York City.
"With the principle of essential church
unity as Its basis, It is difficult to see
how church federation and denomlna
tionalism can work in the same har
ness, pulling evenly and without fric
tion. The effort Is notable as an inci
dent in the subordination of creed to
Christianity, which by some is called
religious growth and by others heresy.
If Intelligence by the steamer Rival
that Behrlng Sea is clear of ice is cor
rect, we shall soon have confirmation
by returning vessels. The last authen
tic information from the fleet was at
Unalaska, May 19. This was about, the
date" of the most numerous .sailings
from Seattle, Portland and San Fran
cisco. A week, later a great fleet was
rendezvoused there. If the Ice fields
were broken and scattered, so as to
make progress safe, no doubt the early
arrivals had already started from "Un
alaska for the second and last stage
of their Journey, arriving In the neigh
borhood of June 1. Allowing one week
for unloading, and ten days for the re
turn voyage, we ought soon to have
news of the Initial return arrival.
Thousands of eyes are now turned
toward Cape Nome; thousands of
hearts are fondly and anxiously won
dering what Is happening to the great
army on Its way to the frozen gold
fields. It need cause no surprise, or
special anxiety, if the Rival's Informa
tion should prove misleading, and If
nothing definite were heard by July 1.
Already Virginia is moving for cele
bration of the tercentenary of the set
tlement of Jamestown. It Is yet a good
while till the year 1907; but the Rich
mond Dispatch Is going into the subject
with an enthusiasm that promises
great results, if it hold out till that
time. This Is among its appeals:
The landing of Columbus was an Incident of
mere physlcfJ import, the settlements or James
town and Plymouth Rock were facts that
tetmed with profound spiritual significance.
Then, venturing upon a few data for
comparison, it says:
In Buffalo in 1001 there will be a pan-American
exposition, which Is nothing- more than a
commercial enterprise, and yet to it the Na
tional Government has given $500,000. In 1003
in 8t- Louis will be celebrated the centennial
anniversary of the Louisiana purchase. Tor
this tho National Government has appropriated
the fabulous sum of $3,000,000. Compared to
the thought of the settlement of Jamestown,
these thingr. are as the candle to tho sun.
There i a warmth of Southern rhet
oric here, but a touch of truth withal.
Editor "Johnny "Wilson's newspaper
experience is proving of vast benefit to
him. The other day he took up his able
pen and wrote down thirty-nine names
and submitted them to the Spokane
Republican Convention, which, to show
its appreciation of genius, ratified them.
Here In Oregon the public is apt to re
gard such a thing as the exercise of
bosshlp in making up a slate, and to
treat it accordingly. In "Washington, it
Is merely journalism.
Senator Billy Mason Is going to take
the stump and whoop It up for McKin
ley. Tht- Boer question and expansion
will not be mentioned by him. There
are other unmentionable topics that ap
parently leave the Senator without an
oratorical leg to stand on. But that
won't bother him. He doesn't want to
say anything. He only wants to talk.
Mr. Donnelly wiqds up his letter of
acceptance -with a quotation, which he
neglects to credit to Shakespeare.
Doubtless he expects that. In about
three centuries, posterity will cipher it
all out that Donnelly wrote it.
Pension appropriations are $4,000,000
greater than ever. They represent sim
ply the "natural Increase of the roll."
And a natural decrease of public re
spect for the pension system as It is
administered.
The turning down of Brer Kincaid in
Lane County call3 to mind that towards
the end of the last century there was
another celebrated revolt against the
'stamp net.
Twenty-one United States JJenators
are to be delegates at Philadelphia.
This Administration is taking no
chances.
Pretoria may have fallen, but there
is room in Oom Paul's hat for a capital
of reasonable size and population.
3R. BRYAN'S DISCLAIMER.
How He Stands on. the Proposed
Trast Amendment.
Chicago Record, Ind.
William J. Bryan disclaims having fath
ered the suggestion for an amendment to
the Federal Constitution giving Congress
full power to control trusts. In a letter
to Representative Cummlngs, of New
York, he says:
"Ihave never said or believed an amend
ment was necessary. I have urged legis
lation which I believe to be constitutional
and have said that I favor a constitutional
amendment It the decisions of the Su
preme Court declare such legislation un
constitutional." Mr. Bryan was chairman of the commit
tee on resolutions of the Nebraska Dem
ocratic convention that met in Omaha
August 22 of last year. It was announced
at the time that the platform presented
by the committee and adopted by the con
vention was written by Mr. Bryan and
that the document was Intended to con
vey to the country Mr. Bryan's views on
the Issues of the day. After denouncing
trusts, that platform reads:
"We demand the enforcement of the
present Federal law, the enactment of
such new legislation as may be necessary,
and a Constitutional amendment. If the
present Constitution Is construed to pro
tect trusts, to the end that the monopoli
zation of industry by private corporations
may be absolutely prevented."
In his address at the Civic Federation
conference on trusts, Mr. Bryan outlined
his license plan for the cure of trust Ills.
In that addles Mr. Bryan refrained from
saying whether or not he believed Con
gress possessed the requisite powers to
suppress trusts. He said that Congress
has or should have the power to do what
he proposed. After presenting his plan
for Congressional legislation against
trusts, Mr. Bryan declared:
"It It Is unconstitutional, and so de
clared by the Supreme Court, I am in
favor of an amendment to the Constitu
tion that will give to Congress power to
destroy every trust in the country."
This statement is to be found in Mr.
Bryan's speech as reported in the official
proceedings of the conference, on page
506. .As it Is generally understood among
lawyers that Congress at present does not
possess the power to destroy trusts, ex
cept In a comparatively few cases, and as
Mr. Bryan himself In his Civic Federa
tion speech did not express the deliberate
conviction that Congress possessed such
powers, it was commonly assumed that he
favored the procedure to amend the Con
stitution which he suggested, as his plan
seemed of necessity to require that proce
dure ultimately. Such an Interpretation
was placed at the time both on the trust
plank of tho Nebraska platform and on
Mr. Bryan's Civic Federation address.
If Mr. Bryan In the meantime has been
misrepresented It Is bis own fault, be
cause he has until now allowed that In
terpretation to go uncorrected. Even
some of his own friends In Congress, Mr.
Sulzer among the number, were loath
to oppose the constitutional amendment
proposed by the opposition, because, as
Mr. Sulzer put it, "I feel that Mr. Bryan
favors In general the anti-trust pro
gramme of the Republicans."
THE OREGOX LIGHTHOUSE.
A Warning? to Democracy to Keep
OS the Rocks.
New York Journal, dem.
The Oregon election has made clear,
what those familiar with the situation
knew well enough before, that the Democ
racy cannot safely count on any electoral
votes this year from the Pacific Coast.
The Pacific States are for expa-slon. They
have experienced too much benefit already
from the growth of our commerce In the
Orient to look with favor upon a policy
of retreat In that quarter. They could
have been brought Into line against Im
perialism, but not when anti-imperialism
yaa represented as the Kime thing as
anti-expansion.
The Republican plurality In this week's
election In Oregon seems to have been
from 8000 to 10.000. In 1S0C McKinley car
ried the state by 2117. Bryan carried
Washington by 12,493, secured one elector
In California, and came within 2SO0 votes
of getting the other eight. But the Re
publican majority In Oregon this year Is
Just about equal to the one of 1S9S, when
tho Republicans carried "Washington by
8113, and California by 19,003.
It Is evident, therefore, that any pru
dent Democratic calculations for the com
ing campaign should leave out of account
the four electoral votes obtained in 1SS6 in
"Washington and one in California, If not
the three of Nevada. That makes at
least five votes to be looked for elsewhere.
In addition to the 4S Bryan lacked of a
majority in 1896. . In other words, if Mr.
Bryan is to win this time, he must get at
least 53 electoral votes which he did not
have In 1SD6.
Are these votes to be had? They are.
All that Is necessary Is to go after them
In the right way. Kentucky Is good for
12 of them, provided the Democrats there
repeal the Goebel law and give an assur
ance of fair elections. That leaves 41. New
York has 36. Therefore-, New York and
Connecticut would do the work with one
to spare, or New York and New Jersey
with five to spare, or New York and Mary
land with three to spare, or New York and
"West Virginia with one to spare. 'Always
New York.
Let the Democrats carry New York and
they will pick up electoral votes enough
elsewhere In the East to make them safe,
no matter how many they lose in the far
"West. Let them loso New York, and, as
the Oregon ejection shows, they are gone.
These considerations cannot be overloked
by level-headed political mathematicians
who are In politics to win. They can
hardly fall to have some Influence upon
the construction of the platform on which
the Democrats of New York, Connecticut,
New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland and
West Virginia are to make their gallant
effort to wipe out the plurality of 457,047
that was piled up agalnat them four years
ago.
OREGOX FOR EXPAXSIOX.
A Xote of "Warning; to Those Who
Oppose It.
Louisville Courier-Journal, Dem.
In the Oregon campaign the' opposition
to the Republicans was made on precise
ly the lines on which It Is sought by many
party leaders to oppose the Republicans
In the National campaign.
The Oregon Democrats, Populists and
Silver Republicans all combined and put
out a fusion ticket on the Issues raised
by the Chicago platform, with the addi
tion of anti-expansion. The Republicans
met these Issues squarely. They stood by
their gold standard legislation and they
championed enthusiastically the expansion
of our National territory as brought about
by the war with Spain. This last was the
real issue of the campaign. The fuslon
Ists fought 1L The other Issues were
mainly on paper, showing that however
parties may thunder in the platforms the
people know what Is really before them.
The result offers no encouragement to
those who would have the Democrats and
their fuslonist allies duplicate In the Na
tion the campaign that has just been
made In Oregon. Although there was no
Governor to be elected this year, the Re
publicans carry the state by a plurality
four or five times as great as that by
which McKinley carried it In 1S96, and
about the same as that by which they
carried It in the gubernatorial and Con
gressional 'election of 1S9S, when their plu
ralities were not far behind their high
water record of 1S94.
It Is useless to moralize on the result.
The country is for expansion. This is
clearly Indicated in the first state in
-j which the issue haa been squarely tested.
Will the Democrats be so foolish as to in
sist on repealing this test at ths Presiden
tial election, instead otTefusing to surren
der to the Republicans the old-time Dem
ocratic policy of expansion and making
their fight on the Republicans" adminis
trative abuses of that policy?
COMPETITION AXD TRUSTS.
The Movement Seems to Hare Passed
Its Height.
New York Journal of Commerce.
The May list compiled by this paper of
new corporations of $1,000,000 capital or
more, organized In the states where most
of the work of chartering corporations Is
done, presented some Interesting features.
The authorized capitalization of these
companies for the past 12 months haa
been as follows: ...
june, l&yj -,w(y.o
July,
JsS 250.000,000
tsS 2S2.O00.00O
$99 . 3S0.COXCO0
iegg 340.0CO.(XjO
iws v" 200,000,000
1900 2O3.0O),CO0
1900 " 125.000,000
1 502.O30.0 0
loco 325.000.COO
l"$ '.".. 281.C00.000
Aug.,
Sept.,
Oct..
Nov.,
Dec,
Jan.,
Feb.,
March,
April,
May,
Total $3,478,000,000
It -Is impossible to determine precisely
what proportion of these figures repre
sent new capital and what old. Of course,
a very considerable proportion of the en
terprises Included in such a statement
will never materialize; but the above fig-
rures do not cover all states, nor all new
concerns, and -it is certain that for sev
eral months past a large percentage of
these new incorporations represented new
and competing capital, the consolidation
movement having reaching Its climax last
midsummer. It is becoming much more
difficult to float these combinations and
sell the securities they are formed primar-
Uv- in issue. From time to time we
have tho announcement that the forma
tion of a contemplated combination Is
postponed; conditions are not favorable
for the sale of the stocks. "Very few of
the proprietors of the Independent con
cerns would ever have abdicated their
Independence but for the prospect of vast
profits In the sale of these common stocks
which were issued as a bonus to subscrib
ers to the preferred stock. "When the
public appetite for common stocks de
clined all the economic reasons for con
solidation, so convincingly set forth in
prospectuses, failed to bring the owners
of independent works together into a
combination. It Is growing Increasingly
difficult to sell these bonus stocks, and
when they do not sell there is rarely a
combination. There have been a few con
solldatloss without this temptation of a
stock speculation, but they have been
very rare.
In noting the number of concerns organ
ized to compete with the established com
binations we have not included companies
with less than a million dollars of cap
ital; hence our list Is far from complete
because many of theee companies start
out with very moderate capital, yet in
the aggregate they are capable of giving
the great "trusts" serious competition.
There are obvious reasons for believing
that thee smaller concerns are organized
with less "water" In their capital than
the combinations the watering of whose
stock Is the most powerful Incentive to
their creation. There Is a strong prob
ability, therefore, that the real capital
Invested In these new forces will prove
strong competitors of the ostensible cap
ital of the concerns which set out to con
trol production and prices in their re
spective lines.
ALL BUT TWO FOR BRYAX.
So Far Xenrly Every Convention Has
Inntrncted for HIni.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
In most of the Eastern states tho Demo
cratic conventions ignored the Chicago
platform. The New York convention
pledged the Democracy of that state to
stand by the platform which the Kansas
City convention will adopt, but not a word
was said about the Chicago platform. In
the West the Chicago platform was gen
erally Indorsed and approved in plain
terms. At the Indiana convention, where
J. G. Johnson, chairman of the National
Executive Committee, and C. A. "Walsh,
Secretary of the National Committee,
managed the making of the platform In
the interest of Bryan, the Chicago plat
form was reaffirmed In express terms, and
the convention pledged lte allegiance to
that document.
This Is what the Bryan and Free-Silver
Democrats desire shall be done In the
Illinois convention. But the Cook Coun
ty delegation and its special friends In
the state outside will seek to promulgate
a more conservative declaration. The
New York platform will about meet their
views, and here Is where the clash will
come. This may become a serious matter
In the convention, and may result In af
fecting the make-up of the state ticket.
The country leaders are mostly for the
Chicago platform.
As to Bryan's nomination, for the Presi
dency by the Kansas City convention
there can be no doubt. Of the states
which have thut. far held Democratic
conventions all but two have instructed
their delegates to the National conven
tion to vote for him. There will be 920
delegates In the National convention. Of
these two-thirds, or 620, will be required
to nominate. Bryan has already instruct
ed for him 454 of this number.
The states which have Instructed for
Bryanwlth the number of delegates from
each, are:
Massachusetts ....30Tennessee- 14
North Carolina. ...22 Kansas 20
Pennsylvania E4ArIzona 6
Nebraska 161Washington 8
Rhode Island S
New York
Oregon
S Indiana 30
DIst. of Col 6
Michigan 2S
West Virginia ....12
North Dakota 6
Iowa 26!
South Dakota 8
New Hampshire.. SJMIssourl
34
Alabama 16)
Utah 6
Total 4:4
New Mexico 61
This leaves but 166 votei needed by
Bryan to Insure him the required two
thirds. That he will have them Is ap
parently sure. New Jersey with 20 dele
gates and Maryland with H5 are not In
structed as to the Presidency.
Tammany's Great Grab.
Chicago Tribune.
The size of the ice trust's operations Is
indicated by the holdings of Mayor Van
Wyck and his brother. The Mayor is
found to have acquired stock ot the par
value of $1,230,000. of which he still holds
620.000. His brother. Augustus van
Wyck. an ex-Justice of the State Supreme
Court, who ran against Roosevelt for
Governor, and whose name has been men
tioned for the Democratic Presidential
nomination as an anti-trust champion,
originally stood on the books as the holder
of 4S75 shares, and now appears to hold
2775 shares, par value 5277,500. John F.
Carroll, acting Tammany manager, was
also "let in on the ground floor" fo?
$1,348,400. of which he still holds $731,700.
Richard Croker holds $100,000 of the stock
In his own name, and $150,000 in Mrs.
Croker's name, while his private bank
holds $500,000 as trustee for some person
unknown. Thus the story runs through
tho wholo shameful record, showing the
guardians of the public welfare Inex
tricably mixed up with the worst Tam
many plunderers.
The Pension List.
Mail and Express.
According to the experts of the Pension
Bureau, the annual mortality rate among
veterans of the war for the Union Is
about 3 1-3 per cent. Should this con
tinue unchanged, the last of those vet
erans would disappear In 1930. but this
Is unlikely, as there are still 925,000 sur
viving veterans of the Union Army, and
they are what doubtless constituted the
hardiest element, physically speaking, of
the National forces at the close of the
war. And. Inasmuch as the last veteran
of the War of 1812 died less than a year
ago. the chances ace that the pension rolls
will bear the names of Union veterans
for many years beyond the date which
statisticians baye fixed for their disappearance.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
The Vice-Presidency doean't care who
runs for it
Men have been killed for asking "Is It
hot enough for you?" A word to the wise
Is sufficient.
Ignatius Donnelly Is going to run for the.
Vice-Presidency, but oven that will not
save his Bacon.
There is no Ice in Behrlng Sea, which
will save the argonauts at Nome the bur
den of supporting a trust.
He was bred In Old Kentucky.
Where the fighting's pretty rough.
But 'twas when, he struck St. Louis
That he said ho had enough,
Clark has returned to Montana, and th
starving families of the Indigent Legislat
ors are again eating three, times a day.
If General Otis has any hankering for
the Presidency, he should bo reminded
that McKinley has that situation well In
hand.
The Georgia watermelon crop will b
short, but the lynching season is on now,
so the public will not have time to miss
the melons.
Great Is the progress of Invention. Onr
of these days some one will patent an en
gine that can make as many revolutions a
minute as a South American republic.
Lynching is not confined to the South,
for on the 1st Inst, T. Smith Alford wat.
seized by a mob of masked men at South
Bridgeton, N. J., who stripped him and
painted him with roofing paint, and cov
ered his whole "body with feathers. Th
nelghbon? say he cursed his wife whllt
she lay dying and paid no heed to hei
appeals for assistance. The women of th
neighborhood have been intensely lndig
nant and Alford was warned a week age
what he might expect.
Boxee man him mucbee road.
Llkee killum welly bad.
Heap good shootum can.
Missionally thinkee "dam,'
Callum loudee "Uncle Sam.
Me 'flald Boxee man." I
Boxee man he catchum King;
No 'flald him to jailee bllng;
King no likee plan.
Alle same must stay in Jail.
Boxee man no takum ball.
Heap bad Boxee man.
King he j ellum "Like out,
Boxee man no healum shout. t
No good healum can.
Just go loun and dlinkum blood.
LI Hung Chang him name One Mud) '
Him 'flafd Boxee man.
England. Lussla. sendum ship.
Tellum Boxee man "heap skip"
No for him can stan';
Boxee man heap Hkum fight,
Tellum sailor allee lite.
Bad, bad Boxee man.
Million Boxee heap dead fall,. .
No care. no can killum all,
Plenty, like him san'.'
Eulope wondel what him do,
Flghtum Boxee. no get though.
Too much Boxeo man.
An inquiry published a short time aga
In regard to tho weight of horses used in
the brewers' teams in the City of London
40 or B0 years ago has met the eye ot
J. "W. Ayers. of McMlnnvlIle- He write
that the brewers used the heaviest horse
procurable, weighing not less than a
ton. The old Bowery Brewery Company
had three horses that weighed 2300 pounds
each and a double team which weighed
2100 pounds each. A large dapple bay dray
horse at Charing Cross tipped the beam
at 2431 pounds. In Edinburgh. Scotland,
there was In the year 1849 a dapple gray
named Jumbo, which weighed 2640 pounds,
and one In Beverley, Yorkshire, used as
a switch engine, weighed 2690 pounds.
Such horses would have been greatly rel
ished of late in Ladysmlth or Mafeking.
A very handsome pair of dapple gray
horses was seen at work In Holladay3 ad
dition In this city a few days ago, the.
largest of which the driver said weighed
1S0O pounds. This Is probably the largest
horse In Portland, and Is big enough for
all practical purposes.
PLEASAXTRIES OF PARAGRAPHER
Honor. "Remray," asked a wee Kentucky
maiden, "what is honor?" "Huh!" replied hea
older brother, little Remington Cortrlght,"why,
it's an excuse for shootla somebody, of
course !' 'Puck.
"There's only one thins the Armless Wondei
can't do with his feet." said the showman.
"What's that?" asked a spectator. "Put on bis
gloves," answered the showman. Tlt-Bita.
Professional Backing Invoked. 'If yon don't
bellee In doctors, why did you call me lnT
"I can guess at what ails me, doctor, but I
want you to shoulder tho responsibility for the
drugs I take." Chicago Becord.
"Did thatv.critlc write any favorable com
ment on jour novel. Belinda?" "Oh, yea; ha
said ray father had once met the Prince of
Wales, and that we had always moved in tho
best society." Indianapolis Journal.
Old Gentleman Here, boy! Tou don't sup
pose I'm going to take that rickety old frame
work in place of my good all umbrella, do
jou? Bell Boy Dat's wot da gemmaa said
wot got yohs, suh Brooklyn Life.
Feminine Intuition. Mistress Jane, you may
clear away the breakfast dishes and put the
house in order. I am going to my dressmaker's
to hate a new gown fitted. Jane Tea. ma'am.
Are you going to take your latchkey, or shall
I sit up for you? Chicago News.
Fair Widow Ye. I've made up any mind
that when I die I shall bo o.miated, as my
huband was. Gallant Captain Dear lady,
please don't talk about such dreadlful things.
Consider how much better It would be, fal
jour case, to er cross out the C! Punch,
At Graduating Time.
Denver News.
The graduates are going forth
God bless them, every one!
To run this hard and stubborn world
Just as it should be run;
But much I fear they'll And that facts
Don't always track with dreams;
And runnlns this old earth Is not
As easj as it seems.
As seniors we aro prone to think
Our wisdom is complete.
We'e but to ask the world will lay
Its trophies at our feet.
But schooldays done and work begua
We learn to cur regret
The College of Experience ,
We hae not mastered yet.
Ambition beckons on to us 1
And eagerlj- we press
Toward a distant, gleaming goal.
The Temple of Success.
It seems a pleasant Journey at
The dawning of life's day;
But as we stumble on It grow
A long and weary way.
The world has garlands and applaus r '
At graduating time;
And then forgets us the next day,
When we attempt to climb.
Life Is a battle, where each one
Must seek and hold his own.
He who would rise above the crowd
Must scalo the heights alone.
This Is the rule of life today,
As it has ever been;
The world bestows Its smiles on thos
Who hate the strength to vin.
Beneath ail outward semblances
It looks for merit true.
It little cares how much you know.
But asks, what can you do?
When you have left your college halls
You're barely at the start.
For Wisdom's height Is infinite
And long the ways of Art.
You'll find that In the school of Ufa
Acts count for more than dreams;
And running this old earth Is not
As easy as It seexas.