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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 26, 1900)
7JfBflH1!WVW wflr?rwi-rai - yj lfi.Te- -"- v-- trSE3P - i---'p5sjfTripjs-j THE MORNING OREGONIAU, THURSDAY, 'APRIL' 2G, 1900. MINES OF BOHEMIA Geology Is the Same as That of the Cascade Range. ROCKS ARE WHOLLY VOLCANIC Deposit In the DUtrlct Are la Fart, at Ieaat, FUanre Veins Sev eral Kinds of Ore. In response to the petition of a. large cumber of people of Lane and Douglas Counties requesting a survey of the Bohemia mining region, a preliminary ex amination was made by J. S. DHIer, of the United States Geological Survey In July, 1898. There being no topographic map of the region, only a reoonnolssance was attempted. The results have been published under the title of "The Bohemia Mining Region of 'Western Oregon." Tho publication Is chiefly valuable for Its offi cial geology of the region, and the struc ture of the rocks and veins. The data regarding mines and prospects Is largely out of date, owing to the extensive de velopment in the district during the past two years. Tho gold output of the dis trict for 1S37 is given at $11,800. Last year the output, according to the bast estimate obtainable by The Oregonlan, was 103.000. The Bohemia mining region was discov ered, according to Dr. V. W. Oglesby. of Junction City, by himself and Frank Brass, In August, 1S5S. Tho region was named from James Johnson, also cauea Bohemia Johnson, who. with George Ram sey, reached It in 1S63 from Rooeburg by way of tho North Fork of the .Umpqua River, and Steamboat and City Creeks. Free gold was found In a small vein near the headwaters of City Creek, but gave out at a depth of six feet. This discov ery brought many prospectors. Bird Far rier discovered what, by purchase, be came later the Knott claim, where a flve stamp mill was put In 1S73. It 6hut down In 1S77, and the Bohemia region was al most forgotten until interest in It was revived by Dr. Oglesby. O. P. Adams and others in 1S9L The first ledge of import ance, located the same jear, was tho Musick. which has been running a stamp mill almost continuously ever since. In 1S92 the Annie, since renamed the Noon day, was opened. The Champion put In a 10-crtamp mill Jn 1S93. and the Noonday a 20-stamp mill 'n 1ES6. Location and TopotcrnpUT". Tho Calapoola Mountains extend from the Cascade Range to the Coast Range and from the divide between the Willam ette and the Umpqua. From the Cascade Range they extend almost directly west, but as they approach the Coast Range they turn north and become less promi nent. The rather low gap which separates them from the Coast Range Is passed through by tho railroad midway between Drain and Cottage Grove. This gap was once occupied by a stream carrying the waters of the Umpqua northward Into the Willamette, before the Umpqua had found Its way through the Coast Range directly to the sea. The Bohemia mining region Is situated at on altitude of between 4000 and C000 feet above tbe sea, along the crest of the Cala poola Mountains, and upon both slopes, about 33 miles directly southeast of Cot tage Grove, from which point It may be reached by a good road up Row River. The road forks at the mouth of Sharp Creek, one fork leading to the Noonday and Champion mines, and the other lead ing up Sharp Creek by a shorter route to what Is generally known as the Musick mine, at the Bohemia postofflce. The region may be approached also from the railroad at Oakland, on the southwest, by road and trail, but the distance Is some what greater than from Cottage Grove. The slopes throughout the region and Its approaches are steep and generally wo'J wooded, but offer no sieclal difficulties In the way of road construction The mines cluster about Bohemia Peak, and lie close to the crest of the Calapoola Mountains, where they form the divide between Steamboat Creek, flowing south Into the Umpqua, and Sharp Creek, with Frank Brass Creek, flowing north Into Row River, and the Willamette. The Umpqua and the Willamette have long struggled for supremacy In their head water region. In this unequal contest the Umpqua, having the shorter course to the sea, has the advantage, and as a re sult has captured the original headwaters of the. Willamette, first in the neighbor hood of Drain, and later the outlet of Dia mond Lake, which was once the source of the middle fork of the Willamette. The divide between this etTeam and the north fork of the Umpqua Is comparatively low, so that Bohemia Peak and the other peaks in that vicinity are separated from the crest of the Cascade Range, 40 miles to the eastward, by lower ridges and hills. The Cascade Range may often be seen from the Bohemia region, above the clouds, which He over the interval. Seen from tho Cascade Range, the Bohemia peaks of the Calapoola Mountains stand out promi nently In the distance. Next to Bohemia Peak the prominent elevations of the Bo hemia region are Fainiew, Grouse and Grizzly Peaks, each of which stands at a marked bend of the serpentine erect of the Calapoola Mountains. Gcoloirr. The Calapoola Range, throughout Its whole extent. Is composed of lavas like those of the Cascade Range. They are arranged In sheets, radiating from the vol canoes whence they came, and are plied up to a great thickness. The walls of the canyon along the middle fork of the Wil lamette toward Its source Illustrate this feature at a number of points, and It may be seen also In the summits of some of the more prominent peaks. Generally thr sheets of lava are very Irregular, and no parallel arrangement on a large sca'e Is visible. The lava filling the throat of n once active volcano may make a prom!, nent peak, as In Cougar Rock, or may stand on end with conspicuous columnar structure, as In Bear Bones Rock, a short distance east of the Bohemia mining dis trict. The region has lost much by ero. sion. Its streams have carried the ma terial away and cut deep, narrow valleys, almost narrow enough to be called can. yons. They expose rocks to a depth of over 2000 feet lavas, vein matter and stratified fragmental volcanic material. The composition and structure of the Bohemia mining district are essentially those of the Calapoola Mountains as a whole. Upon the northern slope of the divide within the district the lava sheets Incline northward, and upon the opposite side they incline southward, apparently: but In Grouse Mountain, as well as along part of the upper course of Horseheaven Creek, they swing around and dip east ward, as If emanated from a volcanic center about the head of City Creek. Such may have been the case, but the distribution of the fragmental volcanic material Is opposed to this view. It is possible that this divergent dip Is due to uplifting by mountain-building forces. Afire of the Cnlnpooln. The age of the Calapoola Mountains has not been positively determined, because no fossils have yet been found In the rocks of which it Is composed. It Is sup posed, however, that, being a spur of the Cascade Range, and being composed of similar volcanic rock, they are essentially of the same age. As to the age of the Cascade Range, evidence 1 found In the plant remains that the tuffs on the Co lumbia River near the middle of the range, and on Coal Creek near the sum mit of the range In Lane County, as well as the sandstone upon the western slope of the range near Ashland, are of the Mlxeie age. The stratified tuffs containing thi fossil plants were evidently laid down In lakes developed among the lava flows, and show that during the Miocene age there was extensive volcanic activity In the Cascade Range. Evidence of earlier Igneous eruptions has not been observed In the Cascade Range, but from the rec ords of volcanic action found In the Eocene of the Coast Range at a number of points, and also at po'nts between the Coast and Cascade Ranges, It Is suspected that the volcanoes of the Cascade Range may have been active In Eocene time. The same may be true also of the vol canoes In which much of the lavas of the Calapoola Mountains originated. That the upbuilding of the Calapoola Range belongs to tha later Eocene pr early Miocene Is suggested by the distribution of Eocene and Miocene strata about Its base. At the southern base of the Cala- j of Oakland, and also near their western end. In the neighborhood of Comstock. characteristic Eocene fossils are found In the sandstones and shales, while at the northern base of the mountains the near est fossils now known are Miocene, which occur a few miles southeast of Cottage Grove. From their distribution it appears that the Calapoe'a Mountains were the barrier to the southward extension that deposited the Miocene so widely In the Willamette Valley. Rocks of Bohemia Ilerrlon. The rocks of the Bohemia region are known to the miners generally as syenite, but they are wholly volcanic, and are gen erally lava flows, although tuffs are quite common. Among the lavas, andesltes are by far the most abundant. A few of them are more or less conspicuously porphyrltic and contain phenocrjsts of quartz; they are therefore classed as dacltc porphyries. Basalts occur sparingly. The most sharply defined outcrop of da clto porphyry lies near the eastern border of the mining district, where It occurs In the form of a dike, cutting through a thick set of tuffs near the Buckhorn opening upon the western slope of Hematite Moun tain. The rock, though not distinctly porphyrltic. contains pome quartz and feldspar phenocrysts In a granophyrlc ground mass. The fcrromagneslan silicate has been replaced by chlorite and car bonates. The andeslto Is not often so porphyrltic as to warrant Its being called andeslte-porphyry. but Is so In one case on the northern portion of the divide between Grizzly and Grouse Mountains. The phe nocrysts of plagloclase have a symmetric extinction of nearly 25 deg.. and probably belong to labradorlte. They are larger and much more abundant than the Ir regular grains of auglte. The ground mass Is granular, chiefly feldspar. Each grain contains numerous smaller ones of different minerals, which render It mlcro polkllltlc, and in some casts granophyrlc. as in the daclte-porphyrlcs, but ' in thU case no quartz phenocrysts were discov ered. With very few exceptions, all the rocks of the Bohemia region might be Included under the heading of andes'tes, for the daclte-porphyrles are only porphyrlt'c quartz-bearing andesltes. The tuffs, too, and most of the basalts are nndcslte. In. several of the andesltes hornblende Is present, but generally pyroxene Is the only characterizing ferromagneslan sll. cate. Although widely distributed, tha andesltes arc much altered. Basalts are few and aneeltlc One of the best-marked forms the southern edge of the summit of Bohemia Mountain. Mlcrophenocrysts of feldspar, pyroxene and serpentine are abundant, and so de creased In size that the distinction be tween ground mass and phenocrysts Is not sharply drawn. The serpentine has the net structure characteristic of that derived from olivine. The ground mass is composed chiefly of lath-shaped plaglo clase and granular auglte. with consid erable magnitude and a small amount of secondary quartz. These rocks are cut by veins of quartz, and were evidently In place before the development of the auriferous veins. At the northeastern end of Bohemia Mountain the lava sheets are cut by a vein of bright red chert, which looks very much like that of organic origin found at many points In the Coast Range of Southern Oregon and California. Tuffs are abundant, especially in the Eastern part of the region. They are well exposed also at several places In the west ern and central portions. Very few. If any, of the rocks of the region are entirely unaltered, although the alteration Is usually so small as not to affect the general appearance of the lavas In the hand specimen. Near the veins, however, the alteration is greater, and It Is to be supposed that this alteration was effected In connection with the develop ment of the veins. While the general al teration of the lavas consisted chiefly In the chlorltlzatlon and carbonltizatlon of certain minerals, the changes which were brought about closer to the veins are different in that sericltlzatlon and rilicl facatlon the roon important proceees, and these are accompanied or followed by the deposition of fulphides, especially pyrite. Veins of Bohemia. The veins are rarely well defined. Gen erally they are narrow but Irregular min eralized belts, or zones. In which there has been much crushing of rock material. The crushed maps, as well as the adja cent country rock, sometimes for a dis tance of 12 feet or more, may be Impreg nated with pyrite. The veins are irregu lar and vary from a mere film to sheets 12 feet thick. A vein may be simple or It may be composed of several parallel veins only a few feet apart. When simple, the veins attain a thickness at times of tour feet, but when compound they are as much as 12 feet thick. Coarse of the Veins. None of the veins has been followed to a greater depth than about 230 feet be neath the surface, and they have been traced on the surface for comparatively short distances the Musick for about SM feet, the Champion for S70 feet, and the Noonday for nearly the same distance. There Is a wide range In the course of the veins from north 40 degrees west, to south 70 degrees west, although for short distances the local trend may fall outside of these limits, as for example, the Ophlr, whose strike "is north 15 degrees west. ,The average course of 31 observations Is norm z degrees west, approximately tne general course of the Calapoola Moun. tains, and It seems probable that the for mation of the veins may have been con nected with the axil uplift of that crest. The dip of the veins- Is always at a high ang'e. and generally to the southwest, al though In a number of places It Is to tha northwest. The same vein, as, for ex ample, the Noonday. Is Inclined In differ, ent directions in different portions of the mine. The veins follow sets of Joint planes, of which there are two one lying between north 30 degrees west and north 70 degrees west, and the other nearly at right angles to this, a little west of south. The joints of the first set are most abundant, and occur generally In the neighborhood of the veins. Those of the second set are not common. The best examples are seen about Grouse Mountain. Flssnre Veins. It Is evident from the relations of the joints and veins that the Joints deter mined the position of the veins and aided In affording an opportunity for the circu lation of the mineral bearing solutions by which the ore and gangue were deposited. The development of the velnei however, cannot be ascribed to the presence of simple joints alone, but to a crushed and porous belt of rock In which there may be many Irregular joints. The crushed condition of the reck In well displayed In the faces of some of the drifts. Occas ionally the wallr or Inclosed fragments show well-marked polish or striae of sllckensldcs due to faulting. These ap pear more abundant about the Noonday mine than anywhere else In the district. The existence of faults of at least small extent cannot be doubted. It Is possible that the evidence of faulting was ones more general, and that It has been to some extent obscured or obliterated by subse quent deposition of vein matter. The country rocks are wholly vo'canlc and much alike, so that It was not possible In a preliminary study to determine the amount of displacement. From the fore going considerations and others which follow, the deposits la the Bohemia dis trict may be considered. In part at least, fissure veins. Cannae. The principal gangue mineral is quartz, which Is more or less abundant through out the veins, and Is In many of tbe small veins the sole constituent. Such veins are of milky quartz, fresh, bright and solid, but the larger veins contain quartz that Is more or less porous and cavernous, and the larger openings are lined with" quartz crystals. While the crystal-lined cavities which occur more or less abundantly In all the large veins are positive evidence that tho deposition took place in a cav ity, yet the absence of banding indi cates entire Irregularity In the shape and order of deposition in the cavities. By the oxidation of the Inclosed Iron pyrites near tbe surface tbe porous quartz is deeply stained red, yellowish or black, the color depending upon the degree of oxi dation and hydration of the Iron. Next to quartz, the roost Important gangue material In the vein Is a white, clayey substance resembling kaolin. When treated with nitrate of cobalt solu tion and ignited. It becomes blue. Ilka kaolin similarly treated, but between crossed nlco'.s Its Interference colors are In part high Instead of low, as are those of kaolin, and It has a finely foliated structure with parallel extinction, like serlcltc. Georgo Stelger determined that It contains 6 per cent of water. Kaolin contains 11 per cent or more of water, while serlclte contains less than 5, per cent. It Is evident, therefore, that" the white argillaceous matter contains only a small portion of kaolin, and Is made up RAILWAY CONDUCTOR AXD GUARD OX THE SIBERIA!? EXPRESS. chiefly of serlclte. Tho material Is re ferred to as kaolin, partly because some of It Is kaolin and partly because the miners will more readily recognize it by that name, Mr. Lindgrcn showed the importance of serlclte In the veins of the mining districts of Idaho Basin, and at the same tlmo called attention to the scarcity of kaolin under such conditions. One of the vein minerals of rather local distribution and of little Importance is epldotc. In some places, as. for example, the southern end of the Mystery, It forms considerable masses and contanls large .les of red hematite. Another mineral which should' be con sidered with the gangue minerals Is car bonate of lime. It is raro and of but little Importance. There was found at the mouth of the Helena a largo fragment of yellowish and pale green, somewhat sta lactltlc mineral, which upon Investlga tdln proved to be allophane. It Is said to have come from the tunnel on the vein. Although allophane was seen at only one place In tho mining district. It is not of rare occurrence elsewhere In mines con talnlng copper ores. Ores. In tho deeper portions of the veins the ores are pyrite, sphalerite, gaMnlte, chal copyrite. oxide of Iron and cerusite. Ex cepting the last, they usually occur irreg ularly intermingled. When found to gether, they are In general of approxi mately equal quantities, although there Is much variation. Pyrite Is the only one which becurs alone, and Is much more widely distributed than the others, ex tending far Into the adjacent country rock. The Iron oxide Intermingled with the sulphides is red hematite, and Its pres ence Is generally considered an indication that the ore is rich In gold. The dark brown to black oxide of Iron Is some times associated with a partially weath ered form of good sulphide ore. The sphalerite (zinc sulphide), galenlte (lead sulphide) and chalcopyrite (copper and Iron sulphide) are almost absent from tbe nUSSIAX IMMIGRANTS OX rock In the zone of oxidation, where yel low to black oxide of Iron derived from the pyrite Is most abundant and lead car bonate (cerusite) derived from the galen lte occurs In a few places. The metal sought Is gold, which near the surface is native, finely filamentous, and distributed through Iron-stained, quartz; but at greater depths, about 200 feet, beyond the reach of surface Influences, the gold Is largely contained In the sulphides. SPOKE OF BIRDS. Rev. Win. R, Lord Addresses the I'npIIs of FnlllnB School. Rev. William R. Lord addressed the pupils of Falling School on the subject of birds yesterday afternoon. The primary pupils showed their appreciation by sing ing a little bird song, after which Mr. Lord talked to them in a most happy vein. Later. Mr. Lord spoke to ITS pupl's as sembled In Miss Barlow's room, from Miss McCarthy's. Miss Peterson's, Ml5s MIche- ner's and Miss Crane's rooms. The pupils j Instructive and humane remarks. The speaker carried away with him the admir ation of every child cf Falling School, and made many friends for the birds. Professor I. W. Pratt and his teachers greatly appreciate Mr. Lord's kindness in adding a practical feature In humane ed ucation to tho work of the public schools. SIBERIAN TRAIN LUXURY HARDLY UP TO THE AMERICA RAILWAY SJTASDARD. Excellent Sleeplngr Accommodations lint the Dlnlnc-Car Service Is Quite Indifferent. ON THE SIBERIAN RAILWAY. Sept. 4. For the last stage of the long railway Journey from the Urals to Irkutsk, which Is the present terminus of the line, I am traveling in luxury, which is to say. on the famous Siberian express. Until now, between all the towns which have broken my Journey In the search for In formation, I have depended entirely on the servlco of the dally moll train, which speeds across the continent at the rate of 13 miles an hour. Including all stops, and which Includes no such conveniences as dining and sleeping-cars for the ride of one week. There are no regrets, however, for I am sure the trip by tha post train has been far more Interesting than the other would have been. Tho Siberian express, which runs weekly each way between Moscow and Irkutsk, was to piss through Krasnokarsk east- I bound on the night that I was ready to continue my Journey this way. and It would be Impossible to deny a feeling of satisfaction that for the last and longest continuous stage of the railway Journey that much-heralded comfort was to be available; Instead of the wearing trains of mnrrhAr ort that had become o familiar 1 and so tiresome. All the droshkles had j retired from the street corners before I i finished a pleasant evening at the Kelgh- ley homestead, so after much difficulty I Induced the hotel porter to find a cart for me. The drive to the station was nearly two miles, and the time long after midnight, with darkness most profound, but the rough peasant's cart brought me and my "baggage to the train at last, after a breakdown or two on the way to relieve tho monotony of the trip. The station was crowded. It was divided Into three- rooms of considerable size, the center one devoted to the checking and storage of baggage and the office of the i ticket agent. On one side was the big I room occupied as a waiting-room and buf I fet for third-class passengers, and on the other side a corresponding one for the flrst-class and second-class travelers. All the rooms were full. The first two were crowded with private soldiers and noncom missioned officers, with their equipment, sleeping on the floor as closely together as they could lie. Tho other one was shared between the commissioned officers and a miscellaneous collection of passengers, who overflowed the benches and sat upon their baggage or on tho floor Itself. Alto ge:h It I "d as If the experiences of the past were to be repeated, and I was to have another struggle for a place on the train. The night was clear and cold, the hoar frost lying thick, on the platforms outside, but the rooms were too stuffy for com fort, so I sought the outer air. When I saw that the ticket window was about to open I was early hi line, but the agent re fused to sell me a ticket to Irkutsk, ex plaining that there was lots of time, that tho train was late, and that the passen gers for the train which was to pass ear- THE SIBERIA?? RAILWAY. Her should hove first attention. That ex plained the crowd and relieved the situa tion.' The Siberian express, for which I was hoping, which should appear at about 1 o'clock in the morning, was to "be more than three hours late. Before It came tho post train eastward had arrived and was drawn to a sidetrack to await the passage of its speedier rival, and the post train westward had been gone an hour. These two trains cleared out the crowd amazingly, and left me the only passen ger wanting to Join the "flyer." I was able to get some hot tea and breakfast by early daylight before the express came, and the surf was Just rising when we drew out of Krasnolarsk for Irkutsk, 670 miles to tho southeast. Comfort on the Train. With a beautiful stateroom containing four berths all for myself, I wasted n time Investigating the other comforts ot the train, but turned In for a long sleep before extending my examination. That test of the sleeping accommodations of the train was emlnenetly satisfactory. The beds were ample In size and exceedingly comfortable. The linen was Immaculate, and proven so by a process that I have never seen equaled elsewhere. When the porter came to arrange the berth for me he "bought with him a neat bundle wrapped In heavy blue paper and carefully tied with a succession of strings. Where the strings crossed the knot was sealed with a leaden seal, on whlch-was stamped ife--"F tbe coat ot arms ot the Russian Empire. The porter cut the strings with unction and shook out from the loosened paper a pair ot sheets and pillow cases to fit tbe bed that he was making. I was Impressed profoundly with the paternalism of a Government that would Include thus In Its functions the certification of fresh linen for the sleeping-cars on Its railway, ani It occurred to me as a distinct omission that the same practice Is not in effect as to the table linen used In the eating sta tions on some of the railways, and notably In the hospices of the Georgian military road through the Caucasus, which like wise Is operated by the Government, This Siberian express would be noted as a fine train In any country. Including the United States, although It could not be named as tbe finest of trains. Its through service Is between Moscow and Irktusk, a distance of 3400 miles. The train starts from Moscow at 8:45 every Saturday even ing, runs by way of Tula, Rlajsk. Samara, Chellablnsk and the Siberian railway and reaches Irktusk, on Monday, the ninth day after departure, at 7 o'clock in the morn ing by the St, Petersburg time, on whlcll all trains run, or noon "by the actual time of the Irkutsk meridian. Tbe average running speed for the whole Journey, In cluding stops, is consequently not quite 17 miles an hour. The portion of the dis tance over the Siberian railway proper, from tbe Ural mountain terminus to Lake Baikal, about 2030 miles, is covered at a speed of less than 15 miles an hour. And this Is the "flyer" across Siberia. The through train westward leaves Ir kutsk each Friday at 3:15 In the morning, according to the schedule, but that Is not as bad as It seems, for the schedule Is St, Petersburg time. The actual time Is 8:11 In the morning", and the train reaches Mos cow at 7:30 the next Saturday evening. Four trains are required to keep this service In effect, and they are not all alike. Two are Russian trains, built after the latest fashion ot the Russian shops for this particular use. One is an older train, made up of ordinary Russ'an sleeping-cars and the fourth Is a train owned and operated by the International Sleep, lng-Car Company. It seems strange to find the "train de luxe Slberten" listed In the pamphlet of the latter company, along with the expresses from Paris to St. Petersburg. Vienna, Nice, Berlin, Con stantlnople nnd other European points to which that famous service Is In effect. Here tn Siberia the people differ In their opinions as to the respective comforts ot these trains. Some declare the train of the International Company to be the beet, but the greater number stand for the Russian trains and name them as by all means tho finest In service. The nnllroad Equipment. The traveler has no ontlrm ot- r-Mi. ir. tho matter unless he wants to wait a week for a favorite train, and fortunately for my own Interest In the matter it was the best and newest of the Russian trains which happened along when I wanted to leave Krasnolarsk. Its equipment Is ex ceedingly comfortable In every way, and even luxurious In many things. The train Is composed of two sleeping cars of the first class, one of the second class, a din ing car and a mall and equipment car. all specially built for this service. The loco motives are tho regular ones used by any train on the line that needs an en gine. The sleeping cars are of the corri dor pattern, found on almost all European railways, corresponding to the boudoir cars In use on a few American lines. The corridor extends down one side of the car, from end to end, all the compartments opening from it by means of sliding doors. Some of the compartments are arranged with two berths and some with four, all of them extending across the car. The seats themselves make the lower berths, and the backs of the seats raised and sup ported by brackets form the upper ones. Each compartment has a little table at tached to the wall. Just under the window. For light, each compartment has an elec tric lamp In the celling, and another on a movable stand, which may be hung on the wall for a reading light In either berth or may be stood upon the tablo. Each compartment, too. has a mirror covering tho whole of the Inner side of the door, which serves almost as well as a plerglass. Tho most notable novelty about tho ar rangement of the sleeping cars Is the "so cial hall." as It probably would be called on a steamer. This Is a space In the cen. ter of each car. occupying as much room as two or three of the compartments, which Is fitted up as a lounging place. Of course there is no special smoking room on the train, for every place Is a smoking-room In a Russian railway car. Instead, this central room serves as a reception hall for the passengers of the car, both men and women. It has a ta ble for cards and books, a few shelves snd a couple of couches and a big elec trolier. Altogether It Is a most attractive social center. In the afternoon a samovar may be brought to tho table, and some lady may serve tea to all the passengers on the car. Games are available, people who want after-dinner coffee order it here, writing materials are at hand and a3 the natural equipment of such a place. The dining car on the train !i a combi nation of several different lnstlutlons. It is furnished with a piano at one end and a bookcase at the other. The library In cludes many books of travel relating to the various countries of Asia, some of them In English. At the tables which oc cupy the rest of the car a table d'hote dinner Is served In the afternoon, and at other times meals may be ordered at will from a libera menu. The food Is very good, and hardly as typically Russian a at the railway station eating-houses ani the hotels at which I have been living. 1 am sure that I am Inclined to be generous In my Judgment of such things Just now, after the experiences I have been hav ing, but it Is Impossible to consider the service and quality of things on this car as equal to those found on every Ameri can dining car. Tbe car is far cleaner than most of the Siberian hotels, but it would not bo tolerated In the United States, with its dust, cigarette ashes an about, doubtful table linen and unk'empt waiters. All day It Is a lounging place for the people of Irregular meals and Irreg ular habits, and that does not attract an American who likes to find a dining cat always clean and quiet. Prices of meals are moderate, and the steward of the train has the authority to buy fresh things along the way whenever they are to be had. As our steward on the train Is a good one, he exercises the authority and tbe passengers profit thereby. TRUMBULL WHITE. Classification of Boxers. PORTLAND. April 23. (To tho Editor.) Will you kindly define what weights should each be to be eligible In their re spective classes? Feather, bantam, light, welter, middle, heavy. The above re ferring to boxing according to Marquis of Queensberry rules. S. P. Feather-weight. 118 pounds or under; bantam, not exceeding 115; light, not ex ceedlng 133; welter, not exceeding 142 or US, according to tho mutual consent of the principals; middle, not exceeding 15S, and heavy anything over 153. in Cornns Serleea. EUGENE. Or.. April 25. (To the Edi tor.) In your Issue of yesterday, "F. E. B." wants to know the botanical name of "klnnlkinic" In Gray's "Field and Forest Botany," page 1CS, he can find name and full description. "Cornus serleea, silky dogwood or klnnlkinic (the dry bark smoked by the Indians W.); In wet places has dull, red branches, the shoots, cymes and lower face of the narrow ovate or oblong pointed leaves silky-downy; fruit bluish, R. E. DAVIS. "66 HOURS TO ST. PAUL AND MINNEAPOLIS" Via the Great Xorthern Railway. Train leaves Portland dally at 6:20 P. M. Connects at St, Paul Union Depot for Chi. cago. St, Louis and all points east and south. For tickets, rates, etc, call at City Ticket Office, 123 Third street. FREIGHT RATES TOO HIGH 3IO TAKERS FOR THE BRITISH SHIP ALLERTOX. Owner's Ideas Above Those of Ex portersThe Braemajr In Port Sebastian, Bach Sold. The British ship Allerton is still on the free list, and an accurate quotation on a spot grain ship is still unobtainable. Tho men who keep the wolf from the foreign shipowner's door by paying 40 shillings for freights were all out playing golf yes terday, and probably made more money than they would have made by falling over each other In an effort to charter the only disengaged ship within 600 miles of this port. The Allerton's owners are de manding 41s 3d to 42s 6d. but the present attitude of farmers regarding the wheat market does not Justify exporters paying such rates. At the same time there Is not much in tho outlook that precludes the possibility of the Allerton securing the rates asked providing she holds oft long enough. A 3400-ton grain-carrier now nearing the Japan coast has been offering for new crop loading from Portland or the Sound at 41 shillings. She was declined with thanks at that figure, and yesterday was reported as chartered for lumber from Puget Sound to Valparaiso at 65 shillings, with a certainty of securing a nitrate freight to the Ulnted Kingdom or the At lantic coast at a rate better than 30 shil lings. This business Is admitted even by wheat men to bo much better than 40 shil lings for wheat, and as long as It holds up there will be no cheap ships for wheat. That the nitrate end of It Is expected to hold up is evidenced by charters as far ahead as September, 1901. BRAEMAR IX PORT. Bis; Oriental Liner Brought 1030 Japanese to Victoria. The big Oriental liner Braemar arrived In at 11:30 yesterday morning, and left up at 5:30 last evening. She will reach Port land early this morning, and will com mence discharging today. The Braemar brought to Victoria over 1000 Japs, and the advent of so many of the little brown men Is commencing to arouse misgivings in tho minds of the British. The Victoria Colonist In Its Tuesday Issue says: TThere was another procession of Jap anese from the outer dock to the boarding-houses last night, the total arrivals ot Immigrants from Mlkadolond since Janu ary 1 being brought to 703G by tho arrival of the Northern Pacific steamship Brae mar. while the Empress of China (due to day) will further augment the total, as she Is known to have 600 Asiatic steerage passengers. The Braemar"s contribution Is 1056. and passing these through the puri fication process kept the steamer all yes terday at the quarantine station. It is only to land Japanese that the Braemar comes here, her destination being Port land, to which city she proceeds this morning. Although British Columbians have been congratulating themselves that this province Is not to be the abiding-place of the Incoming Japanese hordes that all would soon find their way across the boundary line, there to work on the Amer ican ralroads there Is danger of a disap pointment In this connection. The United States Immigration officers have taken alarm at the numbers of Japs coming in. and are proceeding to extreme measures to prevent their settling In the States. Strict attention Is being paid to the en forcement of the alien labor law. and as a result some thousands of coolies who qulto Intended working In the Ulnted States may soon be forced upon the pop ulation of this province. More than half of the little army of Japi brought by the Goodwin have, according to telegraphic reports, remained In this province to find work In tho canneries and for the canner ies; while at least 100 of the Mllos' con tribution are going into the mines of Yale and Cariboo. Dispatches from Helena, Mont., state that the Influx of Japanese by way of Victoria is exciting serious consid eration by the labor bodies of that state, and action toward restraining their entry Into the United States will be taken through representations to Congress. Tha Great Northern Railway Is looked upon as j tho prospective employer of a majority of the new arrivals, and the labor organiza tions are watching closely to see that the contract labor law Is not evaded by this corporation." New Steambont Ronte. A. Scherneckau. of Astoria, arrived here from Astoria last evening, says The Dalles Chronicle, to remain about a week and talk over the situation, with a view to having a line of boats put on the run be tween here and Astoria. Astoria needs a, whole lbt of stuff that the farmers and horticulturists of this neighborhood have to sell and the Astorlans would be glad to buy. If the Astorlans furnish reci procal freight for the up-river trip, there ought to bo business for at least one boat to start with. Steamboat Inspectors Bnsy. The new steamer Cornelia Cook was yesterday Inspected by Messrs. Edwards and Fuller, and In tho afternoon left down the river In charge of Captain W. H. Whitcomb, who will be relieved at Asto ria by Captain Carr. who will take the steamer around to the Sound, where she will be used as a cannery tender. Today HUDYAN ALLAYS PAIN In Heed, In Bach, In Side, In Joints, In Face, In Muscles, In Uvcr, In Kidneys, over Bowels, Dragging Pains, Bearing-Down Pains. V -J? Francisco, Cal. Consult Hudyan Doctors about your case, free of charge. Write Mormon BlShOPS PHIS ba lituoian Ttn braelexfera of QtJlKat Chuth m uoi to.i-.a. Tomwwora tha went oinViiU tad jcub? wiilnr from cects of ife. tfmjon. ; dtwatMookiajr. Cure. Lost Manhood? YSi R?tPrJ b"! JJ0181"' Night-leases, Spermatorrhoea Insomnia, Tains Lniff?ca Ei,i-5as.l.roi!' a-mlnqreiniaion.1. i-ame aactc, HenrourO blllty, Hqadache.unfitnes? to Marry, loss 0 ?! Somen, Varicocele t.Ji5SlH5.,.'or,.i?.Bj9u,?J5S? ,0' i!- KTll charge! Stopsll.7 VOUa.TtYitChlnZ Of Eyelids. Frrm ie ImmeoiAte. KA',y laaml igor ui potency t VVUYjtf StiianUiei the bnla ad nerve cesttn. ae a nt mmcinbx&a. whh hboia. araim tee. Address, For aalo tr Aldrlch Pharmacy. Elsth Messrs. Edwards and Fuller will Inspect the Alaska, packers new steamer Kvlcbak. which took a preliminary spin down, to the coal bunkers Tuesday. They will also Inspect the United States lighthouse ten der Manzanita today. The later part ot the week, they will leave for Coos Bay to inspect tho steamer Dispatch on the. Coqullle River and the steamer Hazel oa the Umpqua River. To Go In the Alaskan Trade. NEW YORK. April 2?. The steamer Dolphin, owned by the Alaska Steamship Trading Company, leaves here toaay for Seattle, Wash. She is expected to react her destination In Co days. She has a crew of 40 men, and will make two stops on tbe way out. Sho will engage In tho trading and passenger business on arrival at Se attle, making three trips a month be tween there and Skagway. The steamer has been equipped with engines of more than ordinary power, and carries a com plete outfit of sails. She Is a vessel of 840 tons. Several Collisions at Vancouver. VANCOUVER. B. C, April 23. Incom ing steamers were unfortunate here to day. The Yosemite from Victoria, whea attempting to dock, ran mto a pier, tear ing off a number of timbers. She then backed out and collided with the steam er Capllano. The Yosemite capped tha climax by running down a Japanese fish ing boat, cutting the little craft In two. A Japanese fisherman, who was thrown into the water, was rescued. Later In the day, the steamer Capllano collided with, tho Islander. Slight damage was done. Sebastian Bach Sold. HONOLULU. April 17. The bark Se bastian Bach was sold at auction on th 14th and brought S2S00. The Sebastian Bach put In here In distress on her way from Hong Kong to the Sound, having been over 20 days in maxlng port after a storm that almost foundered her. A' board of surveyors condemned her and reported that she was not worth repair ing. Shipload for the Orient. TACOMA. Wash.. April 23 The Northl Pacific Steamship Goodwin Will sail early In the morning for Yokohama and other Oriental ports with COCO tons of freight and a lot of heavy timbers. Domestic nnd Foreign Ports. ASTORIA. Apll 25. Arrived At 11:30 X. M. and left up at 5:30 P. M.. British steamer Bracmer, from Yokohama, by way of Victoria. Arrived At 11:30 A. M. and left up at 3 P. M.. steamer State of California from San Francisco. Condi tion of the bar at 5 P. M.. rough; wind, northwest; weather, squally. San Francisco. April 25. Arrived steamer Columbia, from Portland; Bar kcntlne Tam O'Shanter. from Wlllapa Harbor; steamer Tellus. from Comax; bark Germanla. from Seattle; steamer Ar eata, from Coos Bay. Sailed Schooner Ralph J. Long, for Sluslaw. Seattle. April 25. British bark Battle Abbey, from Falmouth. Sailed Japa nese steamer Rlojun Maru, for Japan; British steamerAthenlan. for Manila. Honolulu Arrived April 11 British steamer Port Stephens, from Seattle: bar kentlne Klickitat, from Port Gamble. Ar rived April 15 Ship Charmer, from Ta coma. Hong Kong Arrived prior to April 25 British steamer St. Irene, from Portland. Sailed April 23 British steamer Empresa of India, for Vancouver. New York. April 23. Sailed St. Paul, for Southampton: Teutonic, for Liver pool; Kensington, for Antwerp. Southampton. April 25. Arrived Lahn, from New York, via Cherbourg, for Bre men. Hong Kong. April 23. Arrived previous lyGaelic, from San Francisco. Cherbourg. April 23. Arrived Pennsyl vania, from New York. Gibraltar. April 23. Arrived Werra, from New York, for Naples. - Boulogne, April 23. Arrived Maasdam, from New York, for Rotterdam. Sydney. April 23. Sailed Aorangl, for Vancouver. Southampton, April 23. SalledKalsee Wllhelm der Grosse, from Bremen, for New Tort. Homestead Entries at Walla Walla. WALLA WALLA. Wash.. April 25. The, following homestead entries have been filed In tho Walla Wnlla land office wlth Ing tho last two days: Charles H. Arra smlth. Pampa. Id acres: James F. Coch ran. Pullman. 40 acres; Joseph C. Kidder, Hay, 160 acres, all In Whitman County; James F. Hallet. Llnd. 1G3 acres, and John F. Irby, Cunningham. ICO acres. In Ad ams County; William F. Sigroves. Wolts burg. 100 acres, and Sara O. Here, Chard, SO acres in Columbia County. Army Orders. WASHINGTON. April 25. Acting Hos. pital Steward Welcome N. Powell, of tha Hospital Corps, has been detached from duty at Angel Island. Cat. and ordered to Seattle, where he will be assigned to dutjj with tho Department of Alaska. First Lieutenant Curtis W. OtwelL Ad jutant of the Seventh Infantry, has been ordered to Seattle, where he will be as signed to Company G, of the Seventh, foj duty in Alaska. HANDSOME MOVING TURES. PIC See handsome moving pictures now on, exhibition, free, at Union Pacific ticket office. 133 Third street. HUDYAN insures a regular discharge of every bodily function. HUDYAN cures Nervousness, Melancholia, Sleeplessness, Despondency, Irritability. HUDYAN is good, for it cures permanently. HUDYAN is a capital remedy for that heart complica tion characterized by headaches (5), flush ing of face upon slight exertion (4), chok ing sensations (1), palpitation (2), cold ex tremities (3). Suffering, sickly women find absolute re-, lief in HUDYAN. HUDYAN cures all these weaknesses and disorders referable to the delicate maternal orsjans. HUDYAN makes new blood, rich in heahh-ghring ele ments. GET HUDYAN from your druggist, 50c a package, six packages, $2.50. If your druggist does not keep it send direct to the HUDYAN REMEDY CO., corner Stockton, Ellis- and Market streets, San ? c, nh. in 12jem , .n. -ZZ?ZZj-! Bishop Remedy Co., Ban Francisco, Oak and VTaarUactcs. streets, Portland. Or. i