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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 26, 1895)
THE MOBNETG OKEGOXIAIs. TUESDAY. FEBBTTAE 26, 3895 P (feveopnitm Catered &t the PostoCee at Portland. Orepw. a second-das matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. Ey lUi: (portare prepaid) In Advance Dally, with Sunday, per month...... ...J 1 00 "Dally. Sunday excepted, per year... 10 00 XaHy. with Sunday, per year ....... 12 00 Bnnday, per year.-. .................. 2 00 !Tbe Weekly, per year..... 1 M SThe Weekly, three month . . ...- &0 TO CITT SUBSCRIBERS. SJally, jer -week, delivered. Sunday excepted.25c Xaily. prr week, delivered. Suadi Jncluded..30c Jew or discussion Intended for publication 5a The Oregonlan should be addressed invariably "Editor The Oreronlan." not to the name of any Individual, letters relating to advertising, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan."' The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories Zrem Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to it without solicita tion. No stamps should be Inclosed for this pur. .pose. DAILY METEOROLOGICAL REPORT. PORTTiAXD. Feb. 25. 8 P. M. Maximum temperature, 53, minimum temperature, 37; heljrht of river at 11 A. SI.. 4.7; change in the past 21 hours, 0.1; precipitation today, 0.0; pre cipitation from September 1. 1S94 (wet season), to date. 20.58; average. S3.81; deficiency, 13.23; saumber hours of sunshine Sunday, 2:43; possi ble number, 10:48. "WEATHER SYNOPSIS. Fair and pleasant weather prevailed today In tall sections. There were slight barometric and temperature changes. On the California coast, though the barometric pressure is lery high, compared with the readings at places to the orthward, no rain resulted. Conditions favor able for rain In the western portions of Wash ington and Northwestern Oregon prevail tonight. WEATHER FORECASTS. Forecasts made at. Portland for the 21 hours fending1 at midnight February 20: For Western Oregon Rain in the northwest fern portions; fair -Heather in the central and (southern portions; stationary temperature, with Iresh southerly winds. For Eastern Oregon. Eastern Washington and 3daho Fair weather and slightly cooler, with light -variable winds. For Western Washington Rain and nearly Stationary temperature, with fresh southerly nvlnds. For Portland Rain and nearly stationary tem perature, with fresh southerly winds. B. S. PAGUE, Local Forecast Oflicial. PORTLAND, TUESDAY. FEB. 'Mi. HELPS AND HANDICAPS. In a discourse on Frederick Douglass &t New Tork on Saturday night, Bev. tL. A. Banks pronounced Douglass "the inost picturesque historical figure in anodern times"; said that "if he were asked to name the man of the present century who had fought against the greatest odds and won in the struggle of life at most points, he should name Frederick Douglass," and that "none of our great men, Lincoln, Grant or Garfield, had been so handicapped, or 3iad won under difficulties so great." Mr. Banks is one of those preachers Who are fond of letting off rhetorical skyrockets. He once was very well known in Portland and Seattle, and is etlll young enough to be intoxicated by the exuberance of his own eloquence, lie is earnest and resolute, too; for at Seattle he took a leading part In re sistance to the mob that attempted to expel the Chinese, and as a member of the militia belonged to the squad twhose fire proved so deadly In the streets and stopped effectually the on Bet of the mob. After quiet was restored, Mr. Banks left Seattle, and next was heard from as pastor of a rich and fashionable church in Boston. His preaching, though superficial, is attractive, and his earnestness and complete devotion to his work make him quite a noted anember of the ministry. He works Jiard for amelioration of the condition of the poor, and has published two or three books on this subject which have itttracted attention. His nature inclines lilm to support the doctrines, or at least the spirit, of socialism, but not of so cialism as an aggressive force endeav oring to carry its purposes by proscrib ing the weak as well as by warring on the strong. It was this that led him Xo defend the Chinese at Seattle against the attack of the white men of the la ior unions. This statement of the character of Mr. tBanks will show clearly enough why lie so extravagantly eulogizes Freder ick Douglass. Mr. Banks belongs to a class of men who run to excess that .way. Frederick Douglass was, indeed, c. notable and noted man. He accom plished much. But the very conditions nvhich Mr. Banks thinks so handicapped him were, in fact, the advantages by iwhich he rose. To the fact that he was a black man and had been a slave he owed everything. Sympathetic people took him up and helped and caressed and lionized him. To a white man of far greater talents they would have paid no attention at all. Mr. Douglass indeed had some talents. But because he was fr black man and had been a slave he Hvas regarded as a prodigy. He could Xalk and write with some facility, though not with much force, and the jwonder was that a black man, born a clave, could do such things at all. Sym pathy and interest were awakened at once. The agitation against slavery Was growing. "Were men like Douglass to be bought and sold? Here was the type of a race, here at least was a man Who represented its possibilities. Were such men to be chattels? These were the circumstances that gave Douglass his celebrity. Far from being handi capped by race and color and previous condition of servitude, these facts af forded him his opportunity, gave him his advantages and made him what he was. Had lie been born free, in New JSngland. he would have gained little fame; had he been born free and white, with every talent he possessed as a black man who had been a slave, and many talents more, there is little prob ability that even in the newspapers there would have been a record of his name. The story of a Japanese expedition against Formosa confirms hopes of peace. If the Japanese intended to push resolutely on to Peking and make peace there, they probably would not divert any part of their armament from that main object. On the other hand. If they expected to make peace sooh, upon the basis of their present conquests, they would wish to make those conquests as extensive as possible and above all to acquire territory which thay might reasonably expect to retain. It is clear that all conquests on the line of march to Peking will have to be re linquished. It is even probable that Japan will be compelled by the jealousy of European powers to surrender her conquests upon the Llau Tong and Shan Tung peninsulas. It behooves her, then, -unless her exertions in the war are to be entirely barren, to get hold of some territory that she can keep. Formosa is the most available. Its annexation would excite least jealousy in Europe, and it could be organised and governed as part of the island empire more easily than any other part of China. There was a report some time ago that the great powers would permit no annexa tion on the continent, but would not object to the acquisition of Formosa. Perhaps this has been intimated to Japan and inspired the reported expedition. GERMANY'S COINAGE SYSTEM. The silver party of Germany calls it self bimetalist as illogically as the sil ver party in the United States. Like our own, it is clamoring for the silver standard and silver monometallsm. Germany, like France and the United States, has bimetalism already, with the gold standard to bring its cur rency into harmony with that of the civilized world and with a large gold re serve to sustain the value of the silver in its circulation. The only difference is that about half of Germany's silver is restricted in its legal-tender power. Germany does not coin silver now, any more than France and the United States, but it has about 1220,000,000 in circulation. About half of this is old German and Austrian thalers, brought over from the period before adoption of the gold standard. These thalers are full legal tender money and are over valued in about the same proportion as the American dollar. That is, they are legal tender for 3 marks each, while the silver in them is worth about a mark and a half. It is an interesting fact that about 23,000,000 of these tha lers were coined in Austria and driven Into Germany through operation of Gresham's law, by the depreciated pa per currency of Austria. The other half of Germany's silver coinage is made up of various denominations of the mark, from the 5-mark piece, about 51, to the 1-5-mark piece, about 5 cents. These are the new coins of the empire and have only limited legal-tender power. They are overvalued to the same degree as the thalers, and depend for currency upon exchangeability with gold. The government has coined as many of them as the business of the country will absorb, additions coming back to the imperial bank or to the treasury for taxes. Germany has not discovered the American device of get ting silver Into circulation by means of certificates. This sliver, besides the paper cur rency of the empire, consisting of about 530,000,000 of treasury notes and about 5350,000,000 of bank notes is supported upon about $600,000,000 of gold coinage, distributed between the imperial treas ury, which has a war fund of 30,000,000; the imperial bank, which has between 5300,000,000 and 5400,000,000, and various other banks and private hoards. It will be seen that the proportion of gold to silver Is much greater than in the United States or France, and that the gold currency of the empire is about equal to the total of all other kinds of money. The amount of legal-tender credit currency is very small in propor tion to the reserve, consisting only of the old thalers, the 530,000,000 of treas ury notes being legal tender only to the government. Their existence gives some uneasiness to financiers, however, who regret that some of the French war indemnity was not employed to take them up, instead of being dissipated in public works. It is not clear how Germany can make larger use of silver, any more than the United States, ' unless fhter national agreement can raise its price or establish a common ratio on which free coinage may be permitted without separation of values. It is as true there as here, that no one nation can employ a larger quantity of underval ued silver than can be sustained upon its stock of gold. "EVERYTHING BUT MONEY." In spite of the hand-to-hand encoun ter that the agriculturists of the coun try have had with untoward conditions for some years past, and in defiance of the fact that "agricultural depres sion" has been the watchword of popu lism, the greatest increase of wealth In the aggregate and in percentage is found in states where agriculture is the largest interest. Thus the wealth of Iowa, in the ten years covered by the iate census, showed an increase of 5350,000,000, of from 51059 per capita to 51195 per capita, being nearly 33 per cent, while its population Increased 17.6S per cent. The wealth of Massachusetts, a manufacturing state, increased in the same time 51SO.000.000, about 7 per cent, showing a reduction of its per capita wealth from 51471 in 1SS0 to 51252 in 1S90, while its population increased 25.57 per cent. Comparisons might be pushed much further to show that the manufacturing states have not robbed the agricultural states of their just increase in wealth, but it is not necessary, since these two states furnish a fair illustration of the relative growth of the sections repre sented. This agricultural progress and devel opment has not been confined to any one section of the country. It has pushed out over the great West and stretched into the new South with grat ifying results, covering vast sections in which neither poverty nor riches pre vail, but in which even-handed prosper ity is slowly making its way toward simple competence, and rolling up In aggregate an increase in wealth rela tively greater' than that shown in any manufacturing state, with the excep tion of New York and Pennsylvania, which have, in their great cities, the accumulation of a century of growth. There are thriftless farmers, as there are thriftless tradespeople, everywhere; there are sections in which severe drouth and devastating storms blight and wreck the endeavor of agricultur ists and reduce them to want; the prices of all products were low and the rates of transportation high during many of the years covered by the census re ports, but. notwithstanding all these adverse influences, the relative increase of wealth in the agricultural states was greater during that period than in the manufacturing states, with the excep tions noted. When the discontent worked up among the agricultural classes by in terested demagogues shall have become entirely a thing of the past, the farm ers, who have been accumulating slow ly, in spite of discouraging conditions, wealth in cultivated fields and matur ing orchards, the increase of livestock and farming Implements, in the con struction of houses and barns, the building of schoolhouses and the ad vancement of community Interests, will come to regard themselves as above the pity of shallow politicians who lead a hand-to-mouth existence in the pursuit of office. The man who has as an Industrious I farmer lately expressed it, when show ing a visitor around his place "every thing but money" needs comparatively so little of that commodity that he can afford to pity the man on a salary, whose monthly earnings melt away be fore the demands of comfort for his family are supplied. THE PORTAGE RAILWAY. The final passage by the house on the closing day of Smith's senate bill to regulate traffic between Celilo and The Dalles provides a substitute for the proposed portage railway between those points. This is the bill recom mended in Raley's minority report of the committee on portage railway ap pointed at the last session, and which was passed by the senate in preference to the bill providing for the construc tion of a state railway at a cost ap proximating 5500,000. It requires the Oregon Bailway & Navigation Com pany to connect its lines by switches with boat landings both at Celilo and The Dalles, whenever any person, per sons, company or corporation shall con struct the grade and lay it with ties. The road is compelled to forward with out delay all cars loaded on said sid ings, and to supply the cars upon de mand within 24 hours, under heavy pen alty. Maximum rates of freight are specified In the bill as follows: Carriages, ma chinery, furniture, etc, 52 per ton in carload lots and 52 75 in smaller lots; groceries, vegetables, hardware, dry goods, fruit, wool in sacks, wagons, ag ricultural implements, etc., $1 and ?1 33; grain, flour, potatoes, coal, lime, ore, lumber, bags In bales, wool in bales, barbed wire, nails, etc., 40 cents and 60 cents. The last classification is the one of most interest to the farmers of the interior, the rate probably being as low as the state could give upon a portage road built and operated by the state. This completes the chain for inde pendent transportation between the head of navigation on the Columbia and Snake rivers and deep water at Portland and Astoria. Any person or company may now go into the transpor tation business along the whole river, using three steamers, one each on the lower, middle and upper rivers, and making two railway portages until the Cascades canal is completed, and after that but one. It remains to be seen whether this can be done in competi tion with the railroad. If not, then the state has well saved half a million dol lars by not building a portage road. It is to be presumed that the railroad will reduce its rates, If necessary, to head off such competition, but this does not deprive the farmer of the benefit expected, since reduction of rates to the cost of river transportation is the object sought However, a portage railway is but a temporary makeshift, and the Oregon delegation in congress must be depended upon to push the boat railway scheme to an early com pletion. Grain may then be transport ed without breaking bulk, and the full benefit of the river as a highway se cured. When Senator McBride says the financial system of the country must be adjusted and maintained on the principles set forth in the last republican national platform he says enough. That platform is to be interpreted both from its own contents and from the policy of the party, which had long been pursued and with which the platform was made "to" "accord." Free" coinage "hatt "been' steadily refused by the republican party. This platform demanded the use both of gold and silver as money, "with such restrictions and under such provisions, to be determined by legisla tion, as will secure maintenance of the parity." What these "restrictions" and "provisions" were to be would be shown by referring back to the legis lation of many years, whose chief fea ture was limitation of sliver coinage, as the first necessary condition of keep ing "the purchasing and debt-paying power of the dollar, whether of gold, silver or paper, at all times equal." These are the principles set forth in the republican national platform and in republican legislation. They who know Mr. McBride are aware of his disposi tion to adhere closely on important matters to the platforms and general policy of his party. Of Senator Dolph the Seattle Post Intelligencer says: By trading off his vote to the East on finan cial questions, he has been able to get fsnors for Oregon in appropriations. Any government work in Washington was bitterly opposed by Dolph, because he wanted all the appropria tions for Oregon. Mr. Dolph is one of the wealthiest men in the senate. More absurdity could not be crowd ed into short space. Monetary science is all one; there cannot be one science of money for the East and another for the West, and consequently Mr. Dolph could not have traded off his vote to the East on financial questions. He did not get favors In appropriations for Oregon in that way, but by strong and able presentation of the needs of Ore gon. Nor was government work in Washington opposed by him. He did, however. It may be supposed, recognize the fact that Washington had senators of her own to look after her interests. Finally, instead of being one of the wealthiest men in the senate, he is not wealthy at all, but possesses only a very moderate property. It is suggest ive, indeed, that Oregon's neighbors wanted Dolph defeated because he was so etticient a man for his state. The Japanese have treated foreigners captured in arms against them with great consideration, but it will be strange if they do not make an excep tion of George Howie, the American dynamiter. This fellow was captured by the Japanese while on his way to China under contract with that govern ment to destroy the Japanese navy with infernal machines. He was re leased upon giving his parole not to engage again in service against Japan, but went immediately to Wel-Hai-Wei and took part in its defense, until cap tured again, on surrender of the place. Under the laws of war, neither he nor the United States would have the right to complain of any degree of severity employed against him. War is gentler In practice than it used to be, but it does not yet condone infamous per juries. Justice, lame and halt as well as blind, has failed to score against Cap tain Howgate, the weather bureau offi cial who made way fraudulently with S1LS0O of government funds some years ago. The history of the case is famil iar. In fact, it has come to be "as a thrice-told tale, vexing the dull ears of a drowsy man." The doughty captain, after remaining twelve years in hiding (having escaped from custody through the leniency of a friendly sheriff, who permitted him to retire to the famlly bathroom unattended), boldly disclosed Uimself some months ago, since which time the government has been vainly trying to make out a case against him. His reliance upon the sympathy of the American jury, the sagacity of the American lawyer and the softness of heart of the American judge, appears to have been well founded, since he has been fully acquitted 0f the charge of embezzlement. Having lost the oppor tunities for accumulation during long years of hiding', the captain is probably in need of financial aid. He should be pensioned at once and retired from public view. Now it is said that "McBride is for sil ver," because he "stands squarely on the republican platform." They who talk in this way are juggling with a great principle and deceiving them selves. The republican platform as to silver is in strict accord with republican practice as to silver limitation or re striction of coinage and maintenance of parity with gold. Oregon's new sen ator stands on this principle. He can stand nowhere else. But in fact it is the principle that will prevail, no mat ter who may uphold it, or who may not. There is no such thing as compromise with any principle of exact science. It will have its way always, or crush all who -resist it. The world's estimate of values and of relative values will prevail, as any other force in the world of matter or the world of man. It is all the same, whoever may support, or whoever may resist. The principle is irresistible as gravitation. Resistance does not check it. But it destroys those so foolish as to resist. Money has its well-ascertained laws, and those laws will have their way. This congress has accomplished little more than the Oregon legislature, and it begins to be a question whether the appropriation bills will be passed. The senate has added an appropriation for a cable to Honolulu to one bill and the provision for certificates of Indebt edness to meet revenue deficiencies to another. Both of these ought to pass, but there is opposition to both in the house, and they may cause a deadlock. Members of the senate are dividing up Dolph's desirable and important committee places. Of course, Oregon will get none of them. These assign ments go by seniority, andio new sen ator can expect an important committee place. The state will miss the influence these committee memberships give when appropriations are to be made for public buildings and internal improve ments hereafter. The United States gains, once in a while, something from the bargain and sale of an American girl to the foreign nobility. The latest evidence of this i3 the duty, amounting to 52500, on the wedding gifts brought over from Paris by the family of the Count de Cas talane, who will in a few weeks marry Miss Anna Gould. The German Von Henneken has had enough of organizing the Chinese army and has thrown up the job in disgust. The Japanese are the only people who can reorganize the army and the em pire effectively. . The Califoraians are opposed to the new Pacific railroad funding bill. They are opposed to everything but a gov ernment, road., and f ree transportation, for California p'rqducts and trade. The democratic and populist parties will take up the cry for economy and retrenchment a year hence. The repub lican party has had its day in court on that subject. OBLIQUITY OF VISION. PORTLAND, Feb. 23. (To the" Editor.) The legislature has adjourned. A good, patriotic and sound-money republican has been elected United States senator. The regret on all sides here is that the sena torial controversy so demoralized legisla tion that practically nothing has been done to economize in regard to Portland's extravagant municipal and judicial gov ernment. For these errors and omissions the republican delegation from this county must be held culpable. It was to be seen in the early organi zation, pricr to the last election; a re publican clique proceeded to select a list of candidates for the legislature, pledged to support a preselected candidate for the United States senate, and also to support certain other candidates for minor but not much less lucrative offices. No one had a chance unless he could pass mus ter with this clique. This policy is the essence of ring rule. Relying upon their strength and organization, a faction un dertook to bulldoze the rest. They aimed no higher and promised nothing better than others. They merely assumed they were wiser, better, knew more and, above all, were better organized and powerful than the rest of the repub licans. They challenged opposition in the leg islature. They asserted there a. policy of rule or ruin. It seems to me they mis calculated. They certainly have failed to rule, and they have admirably succeeded in ruining many interests. With this and former experiences, is It strange that many good citizens should hesitate about giving control again to another such republican delegation? ED W. BINGHAM. The whole trouble arose from the fact that two men in the delegation violated their pledges and betrayed the trust re posed in them. There were 14 members in the republican delegation from this county. Twelve of. them worked hard to fulfill their pledges to the people. Two were renegades, and by uniting with fac tionists from other parts of the state did the whole mischief. As to the remark about "a preselected candidate for the United States senate," there was no voter in Multnomah who did not know that the re-election of Mr. Dolph was fully in tended. No one voted the ticket with any other expectation. PERSONS "WORTH KNOWING ABOUT. Queen Louise, of Denmark, is one of the oldest of European monarchs. She is 77 years of age, but quite youthful in appearnce. She was a princess of Hesse Cassell, and, like Victoria, she has been a good mother. Count Niccolo Plccolomini, the last male descendant of the Piccolomini family, to which Pius II belonged, has died at Sien na, at 74 years of age. The deceased no ble was one of the Tuscany deputies who, in 1S59, brought back the unity of the Italian empire under Victor Emanuel. Mr. Gladstone is giving several proofs of the recovers' of his health and Intellec tual vlgor.He has just finished his edition of the Psalter, with a concordance and notes of his own. It will be published in two or three weeks In both England and America. Then, again, he has completed his preface to a pictorial Bible, in which he gives evidence of the old strength and imaginative capacity. Frederick Willis, who died the other day in London, was the last of the Wil lises who gave their name to the well known "Willis Rooms." The rooms were originally built In 1753 by a tavern-keeper named Almaek. He is said to have been a Scotchman, whose real name was Mc- 1 Caul, which was transposed into "Al- mack" when he came to London as a nobleman's valet. "Almack's" was the great place for assemblies of the highest fashion in the early part of the century, and the Duke of Wellington was once re fused admission there because he came In trousers instead of the regulation knee breeches. Professor Henri Marion, who is in charge of the" naval pigeon service of the naval academy at Annapolis, thinks that the lessons of the few past days strongly demonstrate the efficiency of trained carrier-pigeons to maritime circles. He cites the great relief to thousands of persons if pigeons had been on La Gascogne, from which they could have been released with daily reports of the condition of the vessel. At the recent sale of the library of Edmund Yates the writing desk used by Charles Dickens when he died and pre sented to Yates by the family, was sold for 5325. The original letters of Dickens to Yates brought 5430, and Yates' collec tion of autographs, 5323. The books which included first editions of Dickens and of Thackeray, brought only fair prices, though a presentation copy of the first edition of "A Tale of Two Cities" was sold for 557. The harem favorite of the khedlve, who has borne him a daughter, Is of Turkish origin, and was already a slave at the Egyptian court during the lifetime of Tewfik Pasha. She was always treated ex tremely well, and was regarded almost as a member of the vice regal family. She Is about 24 years old, therefore older than the khedlve. who is 20. She lives in the Palace Montasa, near Alexandria, where she is treated with the greatest respect. The khedlve's mother is always with her. The marriage could not take place until a child was born. A girl having been born, per haps It will never take place. At least it will be postponed. ' AGAINST A REPUBLIC. The Senate ami Popular Election of Senators. Louisville CourierJournal. The senate committee on privileges and elections has reported against the resolu tion looking to the election of senators by vote of the people. This action is very significant and far-reaching. There are many who contend that Great Britain is as much a republic as the United States. If we confine our attention to the extent to which the royal prerogative has been curtailed we may be inclined to agree to this proposition. But when we come to look at the house of lords, always of the same party, always solicitious chiefly for the maintenance of its own privileges, with an absolute veto on the wishes of the representatives of the people, our conclu sion might be different. The house of lords, with a few exceptions, is made up of men who owe their places to the acci dent of birth. The manner of their selec tion, if that expression is allowable, ren ders them indifferent to the wishes of the voters, to whom they are not responsible. No one can fall to note how closely the house of lords corresponds to our senate. Our senators, it is true, do not owe their places to the accident of birth, except to the extent that they Inherit wealth enough to purchase their places. So far a good many of the men who have bought seats in the senate have acquired their own for tunes, generally by questionable methods. No doubt there are some who have used Inherited wealth to purchase seats, and this is likely to become more common as the new millionaires die off and leave their places vacant for their sdns or grandsons to purchase. Other senators, not them selves millionaires, hold their places as representatives of corporations, trusts, sil ver mines and the like, their clients having put up the money to buy seats for them. Now the holding of seats by purchase or as attorney for private interests hostile to the public welfare is just as bad, if not worse, than holding them by hereditary title. The men who get seats in either way are not in any sense representative of the popular will. "'Our- senate Is jiot"alwayj"nanilpslly-ot the same party: but it has come to be vir tually so, at least to the extent that its majority does not truly represent any party. Its members, on both sides, have been seen boldly refusing to carry out the platforms of their party, although many of them participated in framing them. They show studied indifference to the wishes of their people. Both sides insist on retaining a system of rules that permit two or three attorneys for unlawful com binations to defeat any measure to which their clients object. It is evident, therefore, that the senate has become a body entirely unrepresenta tive. It Is a mere repository of personal and official privilege and caste. The fram ers of the constitution did not expect such a result. For many years their anticipa tions of the usefulness of the senate were realized. But in process of time the ma chinery devised by the fathers has broken down, and it is necessary to repair it to adapt it to modern conditions. It must be brought closer to the people and its representative character restored. The people of Great Britain are justly Incensed against the house of lords. But In one respect the British senate is much more subject to popular control than ours. Its veto is not obsolute, if the people are thoroughly In earnest in desiring the pass age of a bill. When the lords "throw out" a measure, that is, vote it down, the cabi net has the right to appeal to the country, In other words, it dissolves parliament, orders new elections and takes the sense of" the people as to the merits of the bill. If the people sustain the cabinet by a de cisive majority the house of commons passes the bill again and sends it up to the lords, who allow it to go through. Should they persist in rejecting It, the cabinet, in the name of the crown, would create new peers in sufficient numbers to pass it. No such course is possible In this country, so that our senate, as now con stituted, is, in practice, o less representa tive body than the house of lords. The senate committee has, therefore, voted against the existence of a real repub lic in the United States. What it desires is an aristocratic government under repub lican forms. This issue Is one that the people will accept, and they cannot accept it too soon. There is a way of mending the senate. It is slow and difficult, but that is all the more reason why it should bo entered upon without delay. THE NATIONAL GUARD. PORTLAND. Feb. 25.-(To the Editor.) If you had published my leply of a week or so ago to Senator Vanderburg in Its entirety, and had not allowed your type setting machine to transpose my initials, tho honorable gentleman from Coos would not have had a leg to stand upon, but now he hobbles to the front again, pushed forward by the same persons whose fig ures he admits he did not have compre hension enough to correct, but whose statements he fathered. The National Guard is a subject that Vanderburg should understand, but he does not. It is not generally known that he was formerly a member of company A, First regiment, and to show his thor ough comprehension of National Guard affairs, his sense of patriotism, and his ideas of braverj't I allege, on the authority of his captain, that at the time of the Chinese troubles, he actually attempted to resign his position as private. He is certainly a nice specimen, in view of this fact, to criticise me even as a National Guard officer. His jungle of figures and statements deserves the same contempt from me that they received from the leg islature. Before his former borrowed thunder was published, It was made evi dent that only republicans would vote for the support of the National Guard, but when he presented his stuff to the senate, the democrats were so disgusted that two of them voted for the maintenance of the state troops. Now, as to the 5104,000 appropriation, I have simply to say that the "clerk" is correct as to the actual figures, and so far as my report is concerned, I will add that it is also correct, and my books will show that I simply carried Into the ap propriations available for 1SS3, the differ ence between the actual amount appro priated for that year and the unpaid militia taxea for 1SS2. These figures I did I not state exactly for. the reason that in the language of the office of the secre tary of state, "No man could tell what the interest on outstanding warrants would be," and, therefore, I stated a round sum. In the late court-martial it transpired that certain leaves had been abstracted from the records of the- state military board. The person who absracted those leaves is pretty well-known, and now a singular coincidence follows. Compari sons which Vanderburg makes between the National Guard and the population of the different states la to be found in the Wcrld Almanac for 1S95. Seeking in formation on these points. I found a I World Almanac in the state library at I turned to find the pages containing the facts and figures desired for a proper com parison, and was not a little astounded to find that they too had been abstracted. Surely you do not think I would have any trouble laying my hand on the man who makes It a habit to abstract leaves from public records and furnish the in formation to illiterate senators in order to get even. I have no further time to waste upon Vanderburg or his assistant. Both are very amusing but wearisome. R. W. MITCHELL. THE GAME OF GOLF. PORTLAND, FebTis. (To the Editor.) Having seen your article "Golf in Port land" in this mcrning's Oregonlan, I feel that I would like to give your readers a correct impression of the "royal and an cient game." Being myself a very en thusiastic golfer, I think I am capable of explaining the art. To begin with, golf la a purely Scotch game, and has been in "fashion" for many generations. In Scotland it is called "gouf," not "golf." The first thing necessary for the game Is the "golf course," which is generally on the sea coast. Sometimes the length of the course is as much as five miles. The holes are from 200 to suO yards apart, and are marked by Hags. The course generally takes a circular route. The players start from points known to followers of the game as "teeing grounds." They start by pairs of "foursomes." On the teeing ground each player places his ball on a "tee" of sand and "drives" from there as far as he can in the direction of the hole. (The regulation number of holes in a course is IS). The club used in playing the "teed" shot or "drive" is called the "driv er." This Is a simple wooden club, so that the ball may be driven tremendous dis tances. A good player can drive a ball 200 yards. The second shot Is generally play ed with a club called the "brassey," or perhaps the "cleek." The brassey. If a long shot is required: the cleek, if a medium shot. The third is played with the "iron," which is made so as to loft the ball without giving it much running force. By this time the "putting" green is gen erally reached, when the putter is used. The putting green is a flat piece of ground on which the grass is well mown and the ground well rolled. In the middle of this lawn the hole Is located. The hole is round, with a diameter of about four inches. The yutter is used when aiming direct for the hole. The player who gets his ball Into the hole with the fewest strokes is ;he winner. The following are the clubs used and their uses: Driver Used in playing the first shot to wards each hole. Brassey Used In playing a long shot when the ball is lying well. Cleek Used in playing a shot of medium length. Iron (driving) Used in playing a shot less in distance than a cleek shot. Iron (lofting) Used when the ball Is lying in a cup or hole, or when the shot to be played is a short one, and over high or rough ground. Nibllk Used when the ball is lying in a sand bank or other unenviable position. Putter Used in putting on the putting green. . Spoon TJeedU f 0-vlpouand.hIsbShots, Tne anver, brassey ana spoon, art? maae of wood. " ' " The irons cleek and nlblik are made of iron, while the putter is sometimes made of the one and sometimes of the ether. The brassey is so called because along the foot of the club Is a thin plate of brass to prevent the wood from being de ing destroyed by coming in contact with stones, etc., while playing the shot. No doubt a reader will think that there cannot be much in the game, and that It Is a very easy game to play. It Is just the reverse. Golf is, I think, the most fas cinating of any out-door sport, as one can judge by the number who turn out daily to play the game on the large golf courses of Scotland. Then it is a very difficult game to play properly. I have seen a novice aim at his ball six or eight times before he could even hit it, and also break a number of clubs (which are rather ex pensive) before he could manage to strike the ball. It is much easier to strike the ground than the ball. Then great skill is required in order to judge the amount of strength required to send the ball a certain distance. Then when you drive your ball into a bush, it is often quite a difficult matter to get it out again, and aften adds very considerably to your score. I hope that golf will some day rank as higli as football, etc., in the list of Portland's sports and pastimes, for there's nothing I enjoy more than a "guide game at gouf." GOUF. TRIFLES OF CRITICISM. PORTLAND, Feb. 25. (To the Editor.) If Deuteronomy has been getting credit for a chapter of Joshua for these 2400 years, as Dr. Driver now tells us has been the case, isn't it about time this matter was straightened out, and Joshua receive the credit his due? And, again, if Deuter onomy has one of Joshua's chapters, how are we to know that he has not more than one? How are we to know that Deuteronomy hasn't half a dozen? And should this be the case, and the bible is put up in tnis kind of shape, how do we know that other books of the bible are not in the same fix? How do wc know that Jeremiah was not a part of Isaiah's writings, or Hosea part of Daniel's or Micah part of Jonah's? It looks singular that an inspired book should be put together after this fashion. The compilers of uninspired books sel dom make such blunders, and it seems hardly possible to conceive that inspira tion is necessary to bring forth anything of this kind. But, to come back to where I started from, I again ask if, as Dr. Driver states, Deuteronomy has one of Joshua's chap ters, isn't it about time it was straighi ened out and Joshua put to rights? If one book belongs to another book, we soon shall lose track of "where we are at;" and not only this but we shall soon lose all confidence in the book itself. Blundering isn't supposed to be one of the attributes or functions of inspiration. And then there is one more question I would like to ask. Dr. Driver says: "On account of such frequent and foolish statements as this in Mr. Paine's works he is sscatningly rebuked by his own fol lowers, and his writings denounced as puerile and silly, especially by the learned Bollngbroke and all other leading infidels with whom I have debated in the East." Now, will Dr. Driver kindly give us the names of those "otner leaamg lnnaeis with whom he has debated in the East," and state if Bollngbroke was one of the number? T. WHITNEY. IviKalngr the CooU. New York Sun. "I suppose," said Mr. Clatterby, solemn ly, as he looked across the library table at Mrs. Clatterby after dinner, before be ginning to read the evening paper, "I suppose there might be circumstances un der which It would be permissible for me to kiss the cook." "And when, pray, may I ask?" said Mrs. Clatterby, with some display of feel ing. "Why, when you were doing the cook ing, my dear," said Mr. Clatterby, and then he suddenly appeared to be greatly interested In the paper. Mr. Clatterby thought that was very, funny. .SEWS OF THE -XORTH.WESTV Oreffoa. The Salem Post advocated the' election of McBride as senator In its" Saturday issue. The Spores bridge? across the Mohawk river, near the Yarnell place, is said to be unsafe for teams. Mr. Morris is feeding 1000 head of cattle near Klamath Falls, and Lankin Carr is feeding 00 head in Clear lake valley. There are not less than 70 hydraulic mines In operation ux Josephine county now, and the number will be greatly in creased before opening up for another season. There are 1169 children of school age In Eugene district. Of this number E7 are males and 542 are females. There are 709 of them attending the public schools; 12S are attending other schools, and 332 are not attending any school. In tha Fall Creek justice court Thomas Warner was recently bound over dn the sum of 5300 to appear before the grand jury on a charge of criminal slander. This case was led up to by remarks made about J. B. Young by Warner, on account of the appointment of the former as a member of the committee for securing relief for the Nebraska sufferers. County Commissioner Ross, of: Coos county, met with a serious accident Ipst Monday. In company with his son he was building a barn on Ross slough, and the son fastened an ax in a beam about 15 feet above him. Something loosened the ax. which fell, striking Mr. Ross upon the left arm, cutting a gash which almost severed the bone ot the arm. The wife of the section foreman at Blalock was badly burned last Fridiv, and her tecovery is doubtful. She was en gaged in heating lard in a tin bucket, ihe bottom of which dropped out, spilling the contents over the stove. A flame quickly spread, endangering the house. No one being within call, the brave woman pro ceeded to fight the flames, and succeeded in saving her horn?. Steps are being taken toward perfecting ?.n appeal from the recent order ot con firmation of the sale of the Oregon Pa cific properties to Messrs. Bonner & Ham mond. One hundred and sixty notices of appeal have been served, the attorneys ot record accepting service in lieu of the numerous clients. The transcript In tha case will probably be the largest ever made in the state. It will include 500 pages of pleadings and 2000 pages of evi dence. The Weston Leader reports the cele bration of the wedding anniversary of Mr. and Mrs. A S. McGrew, of Weston, who were married 56 years ago last Wednesday. The married couple hava passed their three-score and ten record, and are both well and prosperous. When Mr. McGrew was married all the property he owned was an ax, which he traded torA a spinning-wheel, having great confldenc in his wife's ability and Industry. They, located in Oregon in 1863. .. Washington. The new addition to the state hospital for the insane at Medical Lake is practi cally finished. M. J. Clump, the defaulting treasurer of Clallam county, was seen in Seattle Friday. Clump has been a fugitive from justice since January 26.i Much uneasiness is felt at Port Towns end because of the unexplained absence of Captain eorge H. Jones, a well-known lawyer, who has been missing for a week or 10 days. The Palouse News has passed from the hands of C. F. Ross to the Palouse Pub lishing Company, consisting of William Goodyear, George Lamphere and E. B. Oliphant, and retaining Mr. Goodyear as editor. Several of the farmers around Garfield and Palouse are going to plant from one to 20 acres each of sunflowers this season. They say they can beat wheat-raising at J present "(prices. It will produce about 50 xan use-' ihe stalks for 'fuel. Jt la esti mated that from 15 to 20 acre3 ot stalks will supply a family with fuel for a year. PARAGRAPHERS' PLEASANTRIES. Reporter Here's a story about a milk famine. Editor Condense It. Philadel phia Enouirer. He I envy that man who sang the tenor solo. She Why, I thought he had a very poor voice. He So did I. But just think of his nerve! Life. "Has old Tough quit smoking?" inquired one man of another. "I don't know whether he has or not, but he died the other day, was the evasive reply. Phila delphia Record. Caller (inquiring of hotel clerk at 9 A. M.) Is Mr. Jones up? Clerk Yes, sir. Caller Is he down? Clerk Yes, sir. Call erAh, thanks. I'll step Into the breakfast-room and see him. Washington Star. "Daubs is as mad as hops about his pic ture that was on exhibition." "Wasn't it noticed?" "Yes, took a prize." "What's he mad about, then?" "Well, it was a picture of cows, and it was awarded the prize for the best picture of sheep." Judy. "Been to the theater, eh! What did you see?" "I saw a large black hat with five ostrich feathers, a rhinestone buckle, and two magenta roses. And once (here the strong man's voice trembled), once, for one moment, I thought I saw half of a sofa, at the extreme left of the stage; but I cannot be sure." Life. Theater manager You say you object to having real food on the table in the ban quet scene, Mr. Greesepaynt. Why, the rest of the company are delighted at it. Mr. Greesepaynt Yes; but my part re quires me to rise from the table after a couple of minutes and say: "I cannot eat tonight a strange dread comes over me; I will seek the quiet of yonder apartment for a time! Puck. Some Valuable Stump. Some high prices were realized at a two days' sale of British foreign and colonial postage stamps, just brought to a close in London. The principal items were as follows Ceylon 4d rose, imper forate, unused, with original gum, a mag nificent specimen of great rarity, and. probably unique In regard to condition, 130; Mauritius, postpaid, 2d blue, with large margins on piece of original, 92; Cape of Good Hope, wood blocks, Id "er ror" blue, with 4d blue, the latter torn, 63; Cape of Gocd Hope, wood block "er ror" 4d red. 52; Mauritius, large fillet, Zl blue, 33; Natal, first Issue, 9d blue, 23; Tuscany, 3 lire dark yellow, 30; Madrid, 1832, 2 reales, red, unused 20; Madrid, 1851, 2 reales, red, unused, 30. The remaining prices ranged from about 10s to 20. The Weather Bureau's Warning. Philadelphia Press. The South cannot complain of insuffi cient notice from the weather bureau re garding the cold wave this time. On Wednesday last full warning of the great fall of temperature which was In pros pect was sent broadcast throughout the Southern states. The next day additional warnings were telegraphed, so that those who were in a position to protect property or crops were forearmed. Naturally the great majority were helpless before the reign of cold, but whatever preventatives were feasible they had time to put them in operation. This may have mitigated the damage, or, owing to the unusual se verity, it may have been of no value. Still, the bureau did ita duty, and did it well. Woolen Mills at Post Fnllx. A new industry will begin operations at Post Falls. Idaho. April 1. This is the woolen mill, at the head of which are the Came Brothers, two experienced manu facturers ot Lowell, Mass. A force of men Is now engaged in placing the machinery, which consists of complete equipment for a three-set mill, including three looms. All the machinery is of the latest pattern and the mill will turn out a superior quality of goods. When com plete and in operation, from 20 to 30 peo- 1 pie will be employed.