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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 1, 1895)
TELE 3OBTKg OKEGOIxIJlK, TUESDAY, .JAI-njABY 1, 1895. crally less In the "Willamette valley. In the foothills of the Coast and Cascade ranges. In Western Oregon, and through out Eastern Oregon, there are large areas which may be filed upon for government patent The original cost Is nothing. WEAITH IX THE FORESTS. The Great Value of Douglas Fir and of Red Cetlar. TIMBERING in Oregon Is a leading industry. The timber resources of the state are nore extensive and more val uable than those of any other state in the Union, except Washington. One-fourth its entire area Is covered -with Immense forests, many of whose trees rise to heights of 300 and 330 feet A circumfer ence of 30 feet at the base is JffSlElr comn,on- -A- competent au I IseL thority has estimated that the 'rtSiSttT forests nf tho state oontain 1X0,000.000,000 feet of timber an aggregate absolutely in conceivable to any human mind. The timber of the state has hardly been touched, and it Is not likely that the present numerous saw mills will in the present generation make appreciable headway toward depletion. The varieties of timber found In the state are red fir. yellow fir. white flr, sugar pine, yellow pine, white pine, bull pine, black pine, pure pitch pine. Alaska pine, epruce, cedar, larch, tamarack. Juniper, birch, oak, yew, cottonwood, ash, maple, alder, wil low, elm, mountain mahogany, myrtle, dogwood, white cedar, chlncapin, balm and cherry. On the eastern side of the Cas pade mountains pine predominates, while on the western side fir Is the leading wood. The chief commercial woods of Oregon are the red, yellow and white flr, and the red cedar. For certain purposes lir has no equal. Masts made of "Oregon pine" (flr) have a world-wide reputation and are used in all parts of the world. For bridgebulld Ing, and for all other purposes where large, long and comparatively light tim bers are desirable, it is superior to all other varieties. The Douglas fir of Oregon has the strength of oak, with nearly the lightness of cedar. It is straight, durable, and free from knots. No single wood can be put to so many uses and so fully an swer all requirements. A recent test of the breaking pressure of fir. Eastern oak and Eastern pine, the pieces of wood hav ing been four feet long and 2x4 inches in dimensions, made the following showing: To break the fir required a test of 4320 pounds; Eastern oak, 2I2S pounds; and Eastern pine, 1610 pounds. A stick of red fir, an Inch square, resisted 2000 pounds, while other woods broke at 1300 and 1500 pounds pressure. The mountains of Western Oregon are covered with fir forests. The stumpage will yield on an average from 50,000 to 200,000 feet per acre. The trees for miles grow so thickly as almost to defy penetra tion. Tho red fir Is found growing In greatest abundance at altitudes of less than 600 feet It often measures 200 to 250 feet in height. The fiber is very hard and uniform, with an equal growth all around the tree. The timber is vastly superior to all others for bridgebullding purposes. The yellow fir is found In higher altitudes. It Is softer than the red, but its lasting qualities, when exposed to weather, are better. It is superior for flooring and fin ishing timber. It is admirably adapted to building purposes and interior finishing work. The white fir is less valuable than the others. It is not found In large quan tities. It is used principally for piling. Bed cedar has no equal for shingles. Oregon's timber exhibit at the world's fair was entered as a whole In competition as an Instructive, collective, comprehen sive and commercial exhibit of woods In their native and manufactured state. This exhibit secured the first medal in the for estry department Another important award made on the Oregon exhibit was for manufacturing paper from spruce pulp. Two large paper mills are in oper ation in the state, and their output is very large and of very fine quality. The saw-mill Industry in the state has been comparatively well developed. The great number of streams coursing the timber belt makes the forests easily avail able and offers sites for jnllls immediately adjacent to their log supply. There is a number of large merchant mills in the state, w hicli saw for the foreign and coast trade. There are six or seven of these mills on the Lower Columbia, five or six on C003 bay, and two on the Umpqua liver, and se'eral at Tillamook bay. The general commercial depression has been felt in the lumber trade, and has had the effect of curtailing the output for export But conditions now seem to be improving, and the industry is assuming its former activity. Mills in Portland and vicinity until recently found a market in Denver, Salt Lake City, Omaha, and as far as Chicago. But railroad complications had the effect of shutting off cheap transpor tation, and shipments w ere interrupted. It Is now announced, however, that a low rate has again been made, and the effect will doubtless be to stimulate greatly the lumber trade. The saw mill Is found in every city and town, and In all the Important timber cen ters of the state. It is stated that there is about $15,000,000 invested in the 269 saw mills, 40 shingle mills, and 52 woodworking establishments of Oregon. The average annual output is 500,000.000 feet of lumber, 300,000,000 laths and 100.000,000 shingles. STREAMS AnoiAD IX FISH. The Salmon of the Columbia Tront in Mountain AVuters. JISHING in Oregon waters has for a great many years been a leading industry. The various rl ers and ocean inlets of in state abound in food fishes, and the mountain streams, alive with nnny denizens, are an irresistible attraction to the sportsman. The chief commercial fish is the sal mon, and on the Columbia river, wlvre salmon-canning had its birth, it ranks high as a wealth-produung pursuit. Thou sands of persons are engaged in salmon catching and packing. It is the chief source of Income to all residents along the Columbia. The Royal Chinook sal mon of the Columbia Is know n the world over as a most delectable article of food, and easily brings a higher price than sim ilar products from any other place. Sal mon are taken in seines, gillnets and traps. The letter is a device by which the tlsh, bound up-stream In the rivers, are led In to an enclosure, at the end of which a large wheel, with buckets, is in motion, driven by the current The fish once In the buckets, are lifted by the wheel and deposited on a scow, or "other high and dry place. It is the habit of the iMlmen to migrate at certain easons In "sofaeols from salt to fresh water, where they sek spawning grounds. It is while In transit that they are caught in greatest abundance. Indeed, they have been taken from, the Columbia In such enor mous numbers that the supply oach year is becoming less, and In consequence the ranual output has fallen off from 609,003 oasea In 1SS8 to 453.000 In 1SH. Various maasMres have been devised for replenish ing the sunk, and to that end the govern ment has cfetnbllhed a hatchery on the Cterktunas river, a tributary of the WI1 Itiuette. which is engaged in artificial propagation. The state of Washington ifcas provided for the location of another hatchery on the headwaters of the Co lumbia, and it is likely that the govern ment will likewise cy?ist further in the offort to maintain th supply. The dlmen tfons which the salmon industry has at tained in Oregon will be understood when It Is suited that on the Columbia river about (SCO fishermen and factory hands are employed, and a capital of S2.i00.000 is engaged. Besides, there are cannon at Atoea bay. Nesluoea bay, Coos bay, and THlamook. It should be added that fresh salmon is largely consumed botn at borne1 and abroad. Oregon ships an nually to the Xat upwards of 1.0.fv9 powexte. Th h&UU of the salmon are n moi utt-?rto?Ung jtudy, and there are phttses of Ur methods of migration. I'-r.i..g aad motajnorphoms that defy txr-lanatin by the piCMltrtt. The i pturc and preparation for market of sturgeon eijps. the work of iaatv I fwKf' Jri people on the Columbia river. It is prob ably the largest known fish caught with hock and line. Its average weight is about 100 pounds, and at times this aver fage Is very greatly exceeded- Fish have been caught weighing 00 pounds. The method of capture Is to lower a line with out bait to which is attched a number of hooks. The sturgeon comes in eontact with the hcoks, which, in his efforts to escape, become further imbedded in his flesh, and he is hauled from the water. The flesh of the sturgeon may belikened unto halibut It is palatable and nu tritious. The ocean waters off the Oregon coast are inhabited by an abundance of deep sea fish; and the mountain streams abound In trout and other gamy fish, that are a source of unfailing delight to the fisherman. Smelt and shad are cap tured in the Columbia in large numbe.-s. and, in season, are a common article in local markets. The cod is by some con sidered superior even to salmon. Rock fish, deep-sea perch and other varieties are abundant Oystera, clams, shrimps and crabs arc vers' numerous In the bays of the ocean. Complete details of the fishing business In Oregon are likely to be interesting only to those who have or desire to obtain special knowledge cf the subject; there fore, space that might be devoted to this Important topic Is abridged. The ordinary inquirer, however, will be interested in knowing that all streams in the state contribute in some measure to the sup ply of food fishes, ?nd every, person who is able to muster hook, line and suitable bait can readily secure his share. Moun tain streams are alive with gamy trout and fall easy prey to the Eporlsman. There Is no sport more Interesting than talmon-trolllng. And even catching crabs offers amusement as well as excite ment to the thousands of sojourners at seaside resorts during the summer. GOLD IX THE HILLS. Two Very Rich. Mlnlnc Regions Other Important Minerals. INING in Oregon has assumed great activity during the past two years The deposits are generally gold, and, following the depression of silver, nros- Y. pectors have fairly covered the v lulls in the mineral regions, and '' the industry has been given vast impetus. The past two years have been notable, too, in the Introduction of more exact and scientific processes in mining operations, and in the profitable and successful development of quartz ledges rather than placers. The Oregon mining districts of special activity are in the Rogue river valley and adjacent hills, and in the Blue mountain reglor, .n the counties of Baker, Grant and Union, in Eastern Oregon. The conspicuous fea ture of the quartz veins of both districts isthatthelr ores are generally free-milling. In most of the rich gold mines of Eastern Oregon the veins are true fissures, and the ore bodies are continuous. It was the remarkably rich ore found In the gold free-milling veins of Baker 'county that caused the first development of the quarts ledges of the Baker City mines, and while sulphurets and other base gold ores ha -.2 been uncovered a3 depth In these old free milling mines is attained, there are stii! today in this district large numbers of prospects partially developed where the gold is extracted without the aid of con centrators or smelters. The history of all mining sections dates from the discovery of gold-dust or nug gets In the beds of some of the Ideal streams. Gold is usually found in the beds of streams for the reason that it is in the sands or gravel of running bodies of water that mining men most naturally look for gold. While the first discoveries are made In the beds of running streams, the rich placer mines subsequently un covered in the district are often located in tho bed of some prehistoric river, the waters of which have long since been di verted to other channels. The difficulty of working claims In the bed of a live stream of water is the trouble always ex perienced in icgulatlng the flow which Is necessary to allow the miner to dig down In tne bed of the stream to bedrock. Gold being heavier than the other deposits with which It is alweys cssoclated, by the law of specific gravity alone undergoes a constant shifting prccess through gravel or sand, until it finally reaches a solid stratum of rock. It is this stratum which forms the bedrock of all streams in which gold is found, and It is the dif ficulty of reaching this bedrock which has prevented the working of what are known to be some of the richest gold depot's in America. In the Pritchard creek placers in the Coeur d'Alene mining dis trict are deposits of gold of fabulous wealth. Although vast sums of money have already been expended in the at tempt to work these deposits success fully, the principal gold placer mines of that district today are "pockets," which claim the attention of a handful of men, where the mining district would give em ployment to hundreds of laborers could the solution of the problem of reaching the bedrock deposits here be made a prac tical Issue. The greatest discoveries of placer gold in Eastern Oregon have been made in the prehistoric river bed now known as the old river channel. This can be distinctly tracd for a "distance of 80 miles, and along its course have been found nuggets weighing from a fraction of an ounce up to over 170 ounces. The most notable of these nuggets reached a value of 5500, $SO0, $1500, $2100, $2400 and $3200 respectively. This last was taken out of Gimlet gulch in ISTi) by J. W. Virtue, the veteran mining man of the Baker City district Following the placer-working period cf a mining section comes the active search for quartz ledges. Working up the streams in which the placer deposits are found, the miner constantly has his eyes open for the "mother lode," from which this placer gold has been washed. The gold which is found in the beds of streams has been washed from quartz ledges a mile or two, or possibly hundreds of miles distant. At some point along the course of the stream the watchful glance of the miner discovers the "float." which Indicates to him that ho has hot far to look for gold quartz. The development of these quartz ledges, however, requires the aid of capital and a higher degree of skill than was nece-ssary to wash out placer gold; and it !s this feature or work ing gold quartz that gives to quartz-mining its stability as a legitimate business enterprise, while placer-raining, On the small scale In which It is usually han dled, Is the unsettled calling of the typical miner In which the gambling In clination is the principal Incentive for the necessary affort required to work the claim. The great mining dlstrct of Eastern Oregon is covered by the tributaries of the John Day. Grand Honde, Powder, Burnt and Malheur rivers. This belt is included within an area of about 130 miles In length by .about 90 miles in width. The early placers of the Canyon City mines were located within this belt as were all the subsequent rich finds In that part of the state east of the Cascades. In the period of 40 years since the first discov ery of gold Jn Baker and Union counties, it is estimated thet these placers have yielded no less than $20,900,000 in gold. The placers of Willow creek, although less limited In extent, hae made equally as satisfactory a showing. The Rye valley placer mine, in this district has yielded, since 1SS2, an average annual output of I10O ounces of gold. The most famous free-milling gold mine in Oregon today is the Virtu, located within a few miles of Baker City. This mtne was first opened over 20 years ago, and, with the exception of short periods of inactivity, it has been constantly worked since that time. It is estimated that the yield of this single mine has been no less than $2,000,000. The White Swan, another rich mine of this district yielded $52,796 during the past year, while the Bonanza, a close second, produced for Its -owners during the same time 1.576 40. Baker City is today the leading mining center of the rich goW and silver de posits of Eastern Oregon. The districts of Pine Creek aad other rich raining en ters tributary to Baker City have been so frequently .vjliton up, that any de tailed account of these mines is not Q m cal'ed for in the present instance. It can be stated, however, that lit the Pine Creek district today are some of the most com plete mining plants on the coast, and mining in the entire district tributary to Baker has reached the important stage of being termed one of the principal Indus tries of Eastern Oregon. It is estimated that the output of the mines of Baker and Union counties- alone during 18rt yielded no less than $1,400,000, a gain of about $280,000 over the value of the output of these mines during the previous year. This output was principally in gold, as the low prevailing price of silver during the past two years has prevented the work ing of the silver deposits of Eastern Or egon at a profit to the mine-owner. An important mining camp is the Crack er Creek district about 35 miles long. The chief mines are the North Pole, the Eureka and the Excelsior and Columbia, This district at one time attracted great attention, but the ore was in places so rebellious as to make profitable reduction exceedingly difficult. It Is now believed that the whole problem- has been solved by the introduction of the cyanide lix iviaton process. It appears to have an swered every requirement, and a renewal of former activity is confidently looked for. The Cable Cove district is four miles west of Cracker Creek, and is in a strati fied granite formation. The mineral belt Is four miles in length by three in width. Throughout the district eres average from $18 to $20 per ton, the veins being IS Inches to 18 feet wide. The district Is la course of development, and has an ex ceedingly promising future. There is activity also in the Granite district, 40 miles back in the mountains from Baker City. New capital has been interested, and profitable results are an ticipated. Union county is the scene of much de velopment in mines, and it rivajs Baker in the volume of its output Important districts are the mines at Sparta, chief of which Is the Sanger group, with an average annual output of $250,000, Cor rucopla, .Eagle Valley, Te'ocasetand Pine Creek. The Dolly Varden and Little Pills bury are leading mines at Sparta. The Southern Oregon mines have re cently equaled the mines of Eastern Ore- gon In extent of development work and 1 -O- -.... .. ..,... wj jj.w. ..w... I TYPES mining men. Gold Is found in all the numerous streams of Southern Oregon, and placer and hydraulic mining have for j ears been generally engaged In. It is only In very recent years that veln-mlnlpg on a commercial scale, with improved modern appliances, has been attempted. In past times very valuable "pockets" had been discovered In Jackson and Josephine counties, but these were speedily exhaust ed, and were probably responsible for a conviction long prevalent that the vein3 were not true-fissure. This theory, it has been satisfactorily demonstrated, was wholly incorrect Permanent ledges have recently been uncovered, and are now being profitably worked. Two practical miners from Colorado, in prospecting in the neighborhood cf Ashland during Oc tober, 1SS3, struck what they believed to be a true-fissure vein. This was within one mile of Ashland and on the direct line of the Southern Pacific They quletly proceeded to open up their vein. Their first shipment of ore to the smelter at San Francisco netted them $320 a ton. and ere has since been taken out of this vein which arsayed as hlqh as $51R to the ton Many other fine prospects in Josephine and Jackson counties aro now being worked to advantage. The output of the .Ashland mine now amounts to about $30, 003 annually, and the company's five-stamp mill is working on low-grade ore aver aging about $20 per ton, and is being worked at a profit. This ore is merely the product of the development work now being done in the tunnel, and it is reason able to expect that ore carrying far more gold will be uncovered as greater depth is attained. The Sterling mine near Jack sonville has yielded about $100,000 in the past The success of these mines has im mensely stimulated Interest in the indus try in Southern Oregon. The entire foot hill region in that district fa? mineralized, and prospectors are very numerous. Strikes are frequently reported. An important producing mine is the Annie Consolidated, in Lane county. In Linn county, the Albany Mining & Milling Company has recently sold a group of claims of approved value to a foreign cor poration, and they will be worked on a large scale. Ocean beach mining is profitable In Coos and Curry county. Gold has been carried by streams to the beaches of the ocean, aiid. there tho blaek saads are worked with snocesp. On the whole,. the gold mines of Oregoa mnri . , -,IT mirTmr iMniuumi n iiiibi !' " ' 'nih.Mii ii -i , na j - & ',.TSTyss- J Wheat Ships. I iA ConsriNs Steamers . ''SC J S X . - r fl River Passenger Boat j ! itC" " Z Typical Kivcn BonT' have a future exceedingly bright The recent great stimulus it has received will doubtless have permanent beneficial re sultk There is no field of operations which- now-pffers more secure? inducement to capital! and it cannot be doubted that the opportunity will he taken fun ad vantage of- The outlook is that Oregon's gold output for 1SS4 will exceed $2,000,009. IRON. Near Oswego, on the Willamette river, seven miles from Portland, the Oswego Iron Company has for a great many years successfully- developed a deposit of iron in th Scappoose hills. The product of .Pig-iron has been sold in Portland and San Francisco. Owing to the tariff and other causes, not necessary to review, the furnace is not In operation; but it is hoped conditions will allow resumption of work. The iron ore found in the Scappoose hills is hydrated oxide of iron, or brown hem atite. , The lava rock3 of Oregon are also said to be rich in iron. ' "- COAL. Several extensive coal mines are in operation in Coos county. The output finds its principal market In San Fran cisco. "One company, it is said, has cap ital invested in a $2,000,000 plant, and Coos bay coal is a fair rival to the mines of Washington. The principal deposits in Oregon lie in the stratified rocks of the coast range. It Is a low-grade lignite. At various places in the state veins have been discovered, and give promise ot aDoundant returns. If worked. At Wll holt Springs, Clackamas county,, in Ne halem valley, near St Helen'r, and In the John Day valley, Eastern Oregon, depos its are located. OTHER METALS. - Other useful minerals are found in Ore gon. Copper has been discovered in large quantities in Josephine county, and an .attempt -has been made to 'mine It In Douglas bounty, near Riddle, arc vast deposits of nickel. It has been demon strate;! sutistictorilv that these deposits are workable., and have great commercial value. JJcHdJs found in Wallowa county, and in other localities. Manganese is very aburidanEin Columbia county, and has teen exported in quantity. Cinnabar d-pos-its are located 14 miles northeast of Oakland. Douglas county Marble and 4 granite .jare located In accessible bed.-.. 4II14V4U4I1. JA V. Jl U II JiVltl.) .J JU ...., OF TXSELS SEEN JN PORTLA XD'S HARBOR. kaolin, pottery clays, cement and mica abound. There are a number of importanz quarries of building stone. WOOL AXD JsTOCK. Great Development of Thee Indus frlen in Eastern Oreiron. OOLGROWING and stockrals- ing generally have reached the very highest development in Eastern Oregon, and have assumed no small importance in the district west of the Cas cades. The vast bunchgrass puuns cast oi in muuuwua afford very fine opportunity for stockraising of all hinds. and cattle horses and sheep are to be found by thousands in every part of the great re- gion. Eastern Oregon might uu, iiWiuB..u!. S fFV S V noVto,b.e u"iT stood that the country is entirely surren- dered to that pursuit As a matter ot fact, the Plow is year by year confining the extent of the range to more limited ?" .'. e I JE2 ."ESSE luuiuuguij uuuvioi.a"u " '-- v"" '""".., sheep on bunchgrass, and he requires al are mutual, and there is little or no fric- most ,, , attention. But, for reasons inn hetu-wn thm. KtorkrpJslnsr through- I . . . .. : '. tion between them. Stockraising through out the state is commonly associated with agriculture, but it is likewise extensively engaged in as an exclusive pursuit The chief aid to the stockraiser is the native bunchgrass, which grows so abun dantly that Eastern Oregon is often known colloquially as the "bunchgrass country." It takes the place of ordinary pasture and of grain or hay. It contains all the ele ments of nutriment necessary to the de velopment of bone, muscle and fiesh. Bunchgrass horses are uniformly swift and hardy. Besides the bunchgrass, rye- grass grows on lowlands and hillsides; but This cjass ls composed mostly of volun stock prefer the larger growth and neglect , teers. A scecial diet Is triven to ranh mn the rye. It has been demonstrated, how- ever, that when the bunchgrass is tram pled out, other native growths take its place, and now support stock just as sat- ' Isfactorily as ever. ' The conditions of climate In Eastern , Conventional usage Las made us slaves to Oregon are extremely favorable to stock- j most absurd and harmful practices in eat ralsing. The winters are seldom severe, mg. We are creatures of habit In the mat- ana siocu requires no sneiter es-cept the open sky. It is true that there is occa- sional loss through protracted cold and snow, out it is exceptional. Herds of cat- tie have Ijeen known to graze In one place for 15 years ccnlinuoujly, and to have nothing butTiatural food; and there was but little loss from any cause. As & rul the animals are in excellent condition the spring- There Is but little rain in the' summer; and water is abundant ia run ning strkams.ffnd levins springs.. . Very great profits have been made from the sheep and wool Industry In past years. Oregon is in the front rank pf woolproduc Ing states. The annual average clip- is 15,000,000 pounds. For ISM the output in Eastern Oregon was 18,000.000 pounds; Wli lamette valley, 900,000 pounds; Umpqua valley, 225.000 pounds. Tariff legislation has recently affected the industry tmfa" vorably. but the prospect is that better prices will prevail. The general engage ment In woolgrowing in Oregon has re sulted in the development of related in dustries. Woolen mills are common throughout the state. Looms are in con tinuous operation at Oregon City,. Salem, Albany. Brownsville and other places. There is a large woolscourlng plant at Pendleton. About one-half the Oregon output Is consumed at home. The number of sheep in Oregon in ISM was 2,523,759, California, which has more than any other state, had 3,018,157. The annual mutton sales of Oregon are very large, aggregat ing more than 300,000 head. The large pursuit of cattle-raising in the state has had the effect of improving the strains by the introduction of line blood. Jhere are many breeders of superior stock. Thtte is much excellent dairy stock, though dairying has by no means assumed the importance it deserves. No essential to successful dairying Is lacking in Ore gon, and in some important respects its advantages are superior. In Eastern states the most scrupulous economy Is practiced in order to make the pursuit a success. In Oregon ordinary care and in telligence applied to dairying bring even more profitable returns. The even climate and abundant growth of nutritious grasses are very great advantages. Dairying has assumed importance In the Willamette valley, along bottom lands, and particu larly on coast points. It has perhaps reached more complete development In Tillamook county than elsewhere. In that coast county there Is a combination of 'li- mate, pasturage, cool nighis and clear water, all admirably adapted to the pur poses of dairying. At other places In the state there are well-equipped dairies. There is an excellent local market in Part land and at other Oregon towns. -, TOO w . i? we-.' I In this connection It may be mentioned that poultry-raising in Oregon Is ordina rily profitable. It can be advantageously combined with horticulture, agriculture,, dairying or stockraising; or it may be fol lowed as a slngfe pursuit. The average price for eggs the year around is from 13 to 23 cents per dozen. Chickens will usu ally bring 40 cents each, and more. Much attention has been paid in Oregon during the past year to the raising of hogs. Every element necessary to their successful production is present Wheat has been fed to hogs during the year with most satisfactory returns. A current ne.vs tem !s tht fflrmpr hrmiht into gaIem the other d three dresged ,rkers for which Jje received $4l cash Qthers are doJ as we g ial lnducemeifts for hograIslne ,n the state are cne food freedora from dIseasef and sood h mar. j,ets Thc ,5., of horses in Oregon has ' ranked in importance with the sheep and j caUle lndustries. but R ha3 recent!y not , b so profitabe. The same eonditlons i which h been r .. to ah and t t0 h , ! the horse. He thrives Just as well as a noL necessary to review, tne tiemand for common horses during the past few years has notably decreased. Much money has been invested in fine imported stock. There is always a good market for a. fine horse, and Oregon excels in producing high-class animals. This branch of the industry has not suffered seriously., The Sttzdr of Diet. Germany is doing a great work In its study of and experiment In dietetic mat ters, it has now established a school or class of exiierirnent nmnno- Ua cntrtinrc and his temperature, weight, perspiration, energy and fatigue are carefully recorded. Such comparative study cannot fall to be of the utmost Importance. It is intelli gence which the human race sorely needs. ; ter of food, as in much else. Unhsppllv, most of the habits arc wrong. We would I be amazed at the injury we do ourselves i . daily if we could know it. We live, the most of us. on indigestible food, whielv ' not only does not build tissue but aids in i destrojir.g It JIBS. CDPELAND & HONTGOHERY'S 8Q0D "ONCE DREADED DISEASES WHERE Asihjna and Eczemar Bad v Forms of and Other Maladies; Onto Dreaded as Insurable, Now Yial ing Readily to the If a man dies he will not live again till the resurrpctinn. That much is clear. Medical science has advanced wonderfully, but it cannot warm a dead man's feet or set In motlor- a heart that has stopped, furthermore, there are living invalids 'to" whom It can no more restore health than it can restore life to the dead. It cannot cure fatty degeneration of the heart nor cancer of the stomach, and it cannot re pair a lung that has undergone total de composition or a, liver that has undergone a hardening or a malignant ulceration. But. in drawing the line between what Is possible and what is not possible to en lightened medical science, there is neither sense nor humanity nor professional 4ion" esty in exaggerating the list of incurable' maladies. The physician who holds to day that common types of chronic lung disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, or the severer types of ca tarrh, asthma, rheumatism, etc., are in curable, because chronic, contradicts a raatter of fact attested by 20,000 people who have been -cured of those very ma,la-!?ie!i-b3; the specialists of the Copeland Medical Institute. V.,fiimily dloctoT "K'ho knows little of the nature of chronic diseases and still less kJ c tecJets and subtleties involved in v,t!r,JasteP Zlsh!- well abstain from i,wIF,resston or "views" regarding their curability or their incurability. His opinion has grown In the shade, like hem- ?iJnd ma bejust as poisonous as: hemlock just as depressing and deadly in its action when administered to pa tients. To say that the chronic maladies enume rated above will not yield promptly 'to correct specialty treatment is either an inexcusable error or an inexcusable false hood. In either Instance It Is an inex cusable impertinence in the face ot 20.000 Intelrgent and reputable people, who tes tify to their radical and lasting cure of those diseases by the Copeland specialists. And when they say "cured," they mean it. They do not mean a moment's balm to pain, a little rest to sleepless agony. They mean the complete elimination ot the seed poison and seed principle of chronic disease and the permanent return of natural health to the system. But chronic catarrh being the malady most frequently and. most impertinently described as incurable by those who ha-e no real knowledge concerning it, below Is presented the symptoms of a half dozen different forms of the disease, any sufferer from which may be practically assured of a cure by applying to the Copeland special ists. For convenience, the applicant should cut out the symptoms applying to his case and bring them with him. or send by mail if desiring the mail treatment. OPEN TO ALL. Bear In mintl that nnj; chronic suf ferer, whether from catarrh or other seated and distressing? chronic mnl ady, may apply any time at The Dc knni, corner Third ami Wnahlnurton, and recelA o from the Copeland ex pert the most efficient treatment novr in Togne at thcnomlnal fee-rate of .So a month, including medieines, to office aiul mail patients nllUe. Trial treatment free to those apply ing' In person. CATARRH OF THE HEAD AND THROAT The most prevalent form of catarrh and results from neglected colds. Speedy and inexpensive cure by the Copeland system. "Is the breath foul?" "Is the voice husky?" "Do you spit up slime?" "Do you ache all over?" "Do you blow out scabs?" "1st the nose slopp-l uv"' -n mm "Do you snore at nlght-.v -' . . !C "Doe3 your noce discharge?" "Does the nose bletd ejllyi'" ' "Is there tickling in tliroit?" "Do crusts fornt in the nose?" "Is the nose sere and tender?" "Do you sneeze a great deal?" "Is this worse toward night?" "Does the nose itch and burn?" "Is there pain in front of head?" "Is there pain across the eyes?" "Is there pain In back ot head?" "Is your sense of smell leaving?" "Do you hawk to clear the throat?" "Is there a dropping In the throat?" "Is the throat dry in the mornings?" "Are you losing your sense of taste?" "Do you sleep with the mouth open?" "Does the nose stop up toward night?" This form of catarrh is the easiest to cure: CATARRH OF THE BRONCHIAL TUBES - "When catarrh of the head and throat is left unchecked it extends down the wind pipe into the bronchial tubes, and after awhile attacks the lungs. Speedy and in exepn3ive cure by the Copeland system. "Have you a cough?" "Are you losing fiesh?" "Do you cough at night?" "Have you pain in side?" "Do you take cold easily?" "Is your appetite variable?" "Have you stitches In side?" "Do you cough u'ntll you gag?" ' "Are you low spirited at times?" "Do you raise frothy material?" "Do you spit up yellow matter?" "Do you cough on going to bed?" "Do you cough in. the mornings?" "Is" your cough short and hacking?" "Do you spit up little cheesy lumps?" "Have you a disgust for fatty foorts?" "Is there a tickling: behind the palate?' "Have you pain behind breast bone?" "Do you, feel you are growing weaker?" "Is there a burning pain in the throat?" "Do you cough worse nijht and morn ing?" "Do you have to sit up at night to get breath?" If you have these symptoms you have catarrh of the bronchial tubes. CATARRH OF THE KIDNEYS. ' Catarrh of the kidneys results In two ways, first by taking cold; second, by overworking the kidneys in separating from the blood the poisons that have been absorbed from catarrh which affects aH organs. Speedy and Inexpensive cure by the Copeland system. ' - "Do your hands and feet swell?" "Is this more noticeable in the- morn ings?" , "Are they cold and clammy?" "Is there pain in small oi back?" "Is the urine dark and dloudy?" "Does a deposit form when left standing?" JOHN CLARK & SONJ ' ' ISTos. lQi and MANUFACTURERS Importers and Dealers ,, 11 rviijds of jterijesi 5addleryar;d vei "yttyigg t . . . . j. percair;i99 to ii;s jraae The nanWS Most Comolsfe 'lock intfte Nortel I Outside All Orders From H ersonalt . . K i J jfeoREDJf CURES MAY NOW BE Rhoumaiim,,SeYer8 Tynes o Cppeland Treatment j -"Is there a desire to get un at to .i G j &' I ... 1 1 ! A .yesr-you see spots floaUn rc your .5 .ws eyes dull and staring? is there a bad taste in mouthV Have you a pain In top of head"" "Is your hair irPtHnf- i-2-" lva' "If SO. is it Sllvprv whit?" "Is the skin drv anil harsh 7" Is the hair dry and brittle?" .,? there nausea after eating?" . !Ias the perspiration a bad odor?" 'Is there pufflness Under the cye?" Are theri dftrlr r!nc amitnt K- mi !f the skin pale and dry?" "H Has tho skin a waxy look?" i ?. cu "Pleasant wings vrmle asleep? ; "Have you chilly feelings down the back? - . - !! i5e' olo-ts pain and ache?" J Do the legs feel too heavy?" CATARRH OF THE EARS. Catarrh extends from the throat alon the Eustachian, tubes into the eErs. cau. lng defective hearing. Speedy and in2: pensive cure by the Copeland system. "Is your hearing falling?" "De your ears discharge?" "At the ears dry and scaly?" "Dohe cars itch and burn?" "Is tho wax dry in the ears?" "Is threa throbbing in ears?" "Are you gradually getting deaf?" "Have" you pain behind ears?". "Is. thnre a buzzing sound heard?" "Do you have ringing In the ears?" "Are- there cracking sounds heard?" "Is your hearing bad cloudy days?" "Do you- have earache occasionally?" Are the .sounds-like steam. escaDincr?" "Do you constantly hear noises m the" I cars?" i j "Do your ears hurt when you blow thetH nose?" .is mere a roaring iiKe a waieriaa in head?" "Do you hear better some days than j otners?" "Do tho noises m the ears Keep yoxtxi awake?" 51 "When you blow your nose do the earsj cracK. "Is your hearing worse when jou have a cold?" " . . wii-aruut Uf lilt L1VUK The liver is affected, by catarrh the disease extending from th. - into the tubes in the liver. Speedl' expenslve cure by the CfcseJTftTsjSi iver. Ciae. -I vre you irritable?" 'Are vou nervous?" "Do you sret dizzv?' "Have you no encrsrvf " "Do you have cold feet?" JJo you feel miserable?" "Is your memory poor?" "Do you, get tired easily?" "Do- you have hot flushes?" "Is your eyesight blurred?" "Can't you explain where?" "Have you pain In the back?" "Is yqur flesh soft and flabby?" "Are your spirits low at times?" "Is there a bloating after eating?" ,'i Have you pain around the loins? "Do you have gurgling In bowels?" "Do j-ou have rumbling In bowels?" f; ."Is there throbbing in the stomach?" i xju you niive sense ol neat in ooweisi t ""Do you suffer from pains in temples?". "Is there a general feeling of lassl tude?" "Do these feelings affect your mem ory?" If you have these symptoms you hav catarrh of the liver. CATARRH OP THE STOMACH. ' Catarrh of the stomach is usua lly caused uy owiuiuKiUK yuisuuuus BUICJS, wniCCT. drops down from the head and throat a' night. Speedy and inexpensive, cure b the Copeland system. "Is there nausea?" I -"Are you costive?" I "Is there vomiting?" I "Are you light-headed?" I . M "ls your tongue coated?" t "Have you water brash?" "Do you hawk and spit?" "Is there pain after eating?" "Are you nervous and weak?" "Do you have sick headaches?" "Do you bloat up after eating?" "Is there disgust for breakfast?" "Have you distress after eating?' "Is your throat filled with slime?" "Do you at times have diarrhea?" "Is there rush of blood to the head?1 "Is there constant bad taste in thl .mouth?" "Is there gnawing sensation In stom och?" "Do you feel as if you had lead In stomJ i nch?" "When you get up suddenly are you dk-zy? "When your stomach ls empty 4o yot feel ramt?" "Do you belch up material that burns throat?" -"When stomach is full do you feel op' nre3sed?" ! ii you nave vou nave catarrn or ma stomach, or what is commonly called dyspepsia. HOME TREATMENT. Every mall brings additional proof of 1 f the success of the home or mail treat-' ment. If you cannot come to the write for a ymptom blank. ofllr OiR iT- TVT-ritf- -4 i IJ-YXUll AH patients Tvllt he treated nntl? cured at the rate of "J a. month. Thl applies to nit diseases. 2"edlcin free- lTh& Copeland Medical Instilik THE 3DEKTJM W. II. COPEUVXD, M. D. i J. H. MONTGOMERY, M. D. , OFFICE HOURS O A. 31. to 12 31.; 1 ( P. 3f. to 7 P. 31.: 7 P. 31. to S-XJO P. "II. 106 Front Street sfc Points Will Receivl Our Attention. , . ISfnJf VJ jtJL-w'fc. TaT-fc'a,iTrTTag'?" r til- r &